ISO - International Organization for Standardization

This document specifies a standardized data set for exercise recommendations to facilitate data exchange between healthcare providers and patients. This document specifically focuses on degenerative arthritis and backpain because these conditions commonly require long-term structured rehabilitation exercise exchange. This document defines the structure of exercise recommendation data for electronic exchange between healthcare providers and patients with degenerative arthritis and back pain. This document focuses on data exchange of exercise recommendations for backache and degenerative arthritis; other musculoskeletal disorders are outside the scope of this document. This document is not intended to provide a data set for symptoms of other musculoskeletal disorders, or for the patient’s pain intensity. This document does not cover medication orders, observation data measured by personal health devices, or other information that can be relevant in the context of recommendations for musculoskeletal disorders.

This document describes the use cases for IoT-based management of tangible cultural heritage assets, which builds upon the framework provided in ISO/IEC TR 30189-1:2025.

This document describes a method for storing data in a PDF file that correspond to the processing steps of printed products. This method has three parts: metadata identifying processing steps; limitations on the interaction between PDF graphics objects that are part of a processing step and other PDF graphics objects; limitations on PDF graphics objects in processing steps. This method is intended to be generic, i.e. not specific to packaging and labels. In addition, this document defines the following packaging- and label-specific groups of processing steps data: data corresponding to finishing steps, such as cutting, folding or glueing; braille; information panels; indications of physical dimensions; indications of intended positions of graphical elements; printed white, for example on transparent or metallic surfaces; printed varnish; primer; printing plate making.

This document is published as a dual logo standard and is applicable for the explosion protection requirements for the construction, testing and marking for Group I Ex Equipment that can be an individual item, or be an assembly of multiple items of Ex Equipment and Ex Components forming mining machinery. The standard atmospheric conditions (relating to the explosion characteristics of the atmosphere) under which it can be assumed that Ex Equipment can be operated are: - temperature −20 °C to +60 °C; - pressure 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar); and - air with normal oxygen content, typically a volume fraction of 21 %. This part of ISO/IEC 80079 applies for Ex Equipment and Ex Components with Explosion Protection Levels (EPLs) Ma and Mb. This document supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079‑0. Where a requirement of this document conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this document takes precedence. This document can be used for guidance on underground applications where firedamp or coal dust can be present, but which are not Group I mines, for example tunnels. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Foreword of the document for a complete listing of the technical changes between edition 2.0 and the previous edition of the document.

This document outlines: descriptions of use cases for identified application domains that benefit from additional semantic metadata support in office documents; descriptions of semantic metadata requirements from experts of identified application domains; specifications of possible technical strategies for associating domain-specific semantic metadata with office documents entities. This document applies to users of office documents, for example, publishers, librarians, archivists, data scientists and other document users, as well as office software developers and service system integrators. This document focuses on the methods of supporting various kinds of metadata, rather than on metadata itself.

This document specifies the requirements and test methods for external tooth bleaching products. These products are intended for use in the oral cavity, either by professional application (in-office tooth bleaching products) or consumer application (professional or non-professional home use of tooth bleaching products) or both. It also specifies requirements for their packaging, labelling and manufacturer’s instructions for use. This document is not applicable to tooth bleaching products: specified in ISO 11609; intended to change colour perception of natural teeth by mechanical methods (e.g. stain removal) or using restorative approaches, such as veneers or crowns; auxiliary or supplementary materials (e.g. tray materials) and instruments or devices (e.g. lights) that are used in conjunction with the bleaching products. This document does not specify biological safety aspects of tooth bleaching products. NOTE The maximum concentration of a bleaching agent for professional or non-professional use is subject to each country’s regulatory body.

This document specifies the basic guidance and methods for activity measurements of solid materials to be cleared for recycling, re-use or disposal as non-radioactive waste arising from the operation and decommissioning of nuclear facilities, in order to show compliance with required limits for generic clearance or specific clearance. It does not apply to ordinary radioactive waste characterization.

This document establishes a metric series of single-rod pneumatic short‑stroke cylinders with bores from 20 mm to 100 mm (inclusive) for use at a maximum working pressure of 1 000 kPa [10 bar1)] with and without magnetic function. They are not equipped with adjustable cushioning, so their application is restricted to those systems where adjustable cushioning is not required. 1) 1 bar = 100 kPa = 105 Pa; 1 Pa = 1 N/m2.

This document specifies a test method for assessing the fire performance of water-filled plastic pipes and fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) pipes.

This document specifies a method for the determination of nicotine content of nicotine pouches and nicotine pouch filler using HPLC/UPLC with UV spectroscopy.

This document specifies methods for measuring rolling resistance, under controlled laboratory conditions, for new pneumatic tyres designed primarily for use on passenger cars, trucks and buses. This document is not applicable to tyres intended for temporary use only. This document also specifies a method for correlating measurement results to allow inter-laboratory comparisons.

This document specifies a method for the determination of residual monomers and other volatile organic components (unsaturated or saturated) in aqueous polymer dispersions and lattices, as well as in related products by headspace capillary-column gas chromatography (HS-GC). This document is applicable to the determination of residual monomers and other volatiles, include acrylic and methacrylic esters, butadiene, styrene vinyl acetate, as well as by-products such as ethylbenzene.

This document specifies the requirements for identifying errors in the unbalance measuring process of a rotor including all factors similar to errors in their effect on the balancing precision, assessing the identified errors, and taking errors into account in preparation and realization of the balancing process and in the evaluation of the residual unbalance. For the main typical errors this document lists the methods for their reduction in Annex A.

This document specifies safety aspects for the design of machinery used for production of formulated feed in feed processing mills. Relevant hazards are identified with recommended solutions so as to provide the best options for the safe design during the life cycle of the machine types identified. Existing standards for safe machine design are not duplicated as machinery used for the production of feed for animals has been significantly addressed by other industries. Significant hazards that are unique to machinery found in feed mills and feed processing facilities are addressed in this document. Excluded from this document are explosive environment, noise testing, and hazards not inherent to the design of the machines typically found in feed mills. This document excludes machinery intended for liquid feed, and wet and semi-moist pet foods. This document excludes machinery intended for the processing of food for human consumption. This document is not applicable to machinery intended for feed processing mills manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document describes the procedures to prepare plutonium sources and to measure the activity ratio of 238Pu to (239Pu + 240Pu) by alpha spectrometry. The alpha spectrometry method is used for the determination of isotopic abundance of 238Pu in combination with isotope-amount ratios determined by mass spectrometry after a preliminary separation of plutonium from uranium and fission products which eliminates the possible isobaric interferences of 238U in the latter method. It is applied to the analysis of purified solutions of plutonium in 2 mol/l to 4 mol/l of nitric acid containing 50 µg to 200 µg of plutonium per millilitre, as can result from the chemical treatment and purification preceding plutonium isotopic analysis by mass spectrometry. This document is applied to plutonium solutions free from 241Am and those containing less than 10 % of other non-volatile impurities relative to the plutonium content. Otherwise purification is carried out in accordance with ISO 8299. The methods provided in this document are intended for use in conjunction or in parallel with mass spectrometry for the isotopic analysis of plutonium in spent-fuel solutions or nuclear-grade plutonium products.

This document specifies requirements for a food loss and waste (FLW) management system to enable an organization that is involved in the food supply chain: to plan, implement, operate, maintain, review, improve and update an FLW management system to minimize FLW within its operations and/or its supply chain; to put in place arrangements to quantify, measure, monitor, document and report its excess food and FLW; to contribute to reducing FLW throughout the food supply chain; to evaluate, assess and collaborate with interested parties within the food supply chain; to effectively communicate FLW issues to interested parties within the food supply chain; to ensure that the organization conforms to its stated FLW policy; to demonstrate continual improvement in its efforts to prevent and minimize FLW to relevant interested parties; to seek certification or registration of its FLW management system by an external organization or make a self-assessment or self-declaration of conformity to this document. All the requirements of this document are generic. This document is applicable to all organizations in the food supply chain regardless of size or complexity. Organizations that are directly or indirectly involved include, but are not limited to, farmers, feed producers, animal food producers, harvesters of wild plants and animals, producers of ingredients, food manufacturers, providers of transportation, storage and distribution services, wholesalers, retailers, food charities, organizations providing food services or catering services and organizations providing food waste management services. This document allows any organization, including small and/or less developed organizations (e.g. a small farm, a small packer-distributor, a small retailer or a food service outlet) to implement externally developed elements in its FLW management system. NOTE 1 Organizations can also choose to address or take steps to reduce consumer food waste within their FLW management system if this is considered a significant FLW hotspot (see Annex A). NOTE 2 Competent authorities seeking to reduce FLW within their jurisdictions can incorporate this document into their activities.

This document specifies high efficiency video coding.

This document specifies a video coding technology known as versatile video coding (VVC), comprising a video coding technology with a compression capability that is substantially beyond that of the prior generations of such standards and with sufficient versatility for effective use in a broad range of applications. Only the syntax format, semantics, and associated decoding process requirements are specified, while other matters such as pre-processing, the encoding process, system signalling and multiplexing, data loss recovery, post-processing, and video display are considered to be outside the scope of this document. Additionally, the internal processing steps performed within a decoder are also considered to be outside the scope of this document; only the externally observable output behaviour is required to conform to the specifications of this document. This document is designed to be generic in the sense that it serves a wide range of applications, bit rates, resolutions, qualities and services. Applications include, but are not limited to, video coding for digital storage media, television broadcasting and real-time communication. In the course of creating This document, various requirements from typical applications have been considered, necessary algorithmic elements have been developed, and these have been integrated into a single syntax. Hence, this document is designed to facilitate video data interchange among different applications.

This document defines terms used for the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. This document covers both general and specific concepts classified according to their hierarchy in a systematic order. This document is applicable to standardization documents relevant to EBSD practices. In addition, some definitions in this document are applicable to transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD).

This Specification specifies the syntax and semantics of video usability information (VUI) parameters and supplemental enhancement information (SEI) messages. The VUI parameters and SEI messages defined in this Specification are designed to be conveyed within coded video bitstreams in a manner specified in a video coding specification or to be conveyed by other means determined by the specifications for systems that make use of such coded video bitstreams. This Specification is particularly intended for use with coded video bitstreams as specified by Rec. ITU-T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3, although it is drafted in a manner intended to be sufficiently generic that it can also be used with other types of coded video bitstreams. VUI parameters and SEI messages can assist in processes related to decoding, display or other purposes. However, unless otherwise specified in a referencing specification, the interpretation and use of the VUI parameters and SEI messages specified in this Specification is not a required functionality of a video decoder or receiving video system. Although semantics are specified for the VUI parameters and SEI messages, decoders and receiving video systems can simply ignore the content of the VUI parameters and SEI messages or can use them in a manner that somewhat differs from what is specified in this Specification.

This document specifies requirements for a management system to optimize an organization’s contribution to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This document is generic and intended to be applicable to all organizations, regardless of the organization’s type or size, or the nature of the products or services delivered. NOTE This document supports the current SDGs and any subsequent global goals that supersede the 2030 SDGs.

This document specifies the minimum requirements and test methods for wild and cultivated Epimedium herb. This document applies to Epimedium herb that is sold and used as natural medicines in international trade, including Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces derived from this plant.

This document specifies a test method for determining the Vickers and Knoop hardness of monolithic fine ceramics at room temperature.

This document specifies the performance and test requirements of hose assemblies supplied in assembled condition using rubber hose according to ISO 3821 up to and including nominal size 20,0, for gas welding, cutting and allied processes. This document is not applicable to high-pressure hose assemblies upstream of the pressure regulators.

This document specifies general requirements for the performance and safety of smokeless moxibustion devices. It covers smoke density, moxibustion temperature, noxious gas and test methods for smokeless moxibustion devices. This document is applicable to any combustion-type device that claims to provide smokeless moxibustion. This document does not apply to devices that imitate moxibustion, such as electro moxibustion and infrared moxibustion devices.

This document specifies the toughness requirements of metallic materials for use at a temperature below −80 °C to ensure their suitability for cryogenic vessels. This document does not apply to unalloyed steels and cast materials.

This document provides a semantic base that allows the representation of relevant information related to tourism destinations, including resources and services within the destination, travel experiences, and the destination itself. It establishes the terminology, hierarchy, and the minimum properties and relationships required for the definition of a reference semantic structure, ensuring the interoperability of local, territorial and country tourism information technology (IT) platforms with third-party digital systems. This document provides tourism destinations with semantic data structures that primarily benefit final users (i.e. tourists and other interested parties), as these structures allow destinations to provide access to relevant information in an intuitive and agile way, and improve the interaction between tourists and the systems that manage, publish, carry transactions and accompany tourists during their journey. Furthermore, destination managers, data managers and data publishers, applying this document can also benefit from such implementation.

This document specifies the method of the peel test using a tensile testing machine to evaluate the adhesion strength of metallic coatings on plastic substrates under controlled temperatures. It also specifies the designations of the peel test results. The designation consists of the adhesion of metallic coatings to the substrate and test temperature, as well as the substrate material and the principal component, manufacturing process and thickness of the metallic coatings.

This document specifies requirements for lithium-ion traction battery packs or systems used in battery electric, hybrid electric and fuel cell electric road vehicles. This document describes the most relevant environmental stresses and specifies tests and test boundary conditions. This document establishes a classification of battery packs or systems and defines different stress levels for testing when a classification is applicable and required. The objective of this document is to specify standard test procedures and conditions to enable the observation of the reliability of the lithium-ion traction battery in the vehicle. This document specifies tests for a battery pack or system of voltage class A and B. This document provides the necessary information to set up a dedicated test plan for a battery pack or system subject to agreement between the customer and supplier. If required, the relevant test procedures and/or test conditions can also be selected from this document. NOTE This document only covers requirements and test conditions for a traction battery pack or system used in passenger cars.

This document provides a taxonomy, reference model, considerations for a security framework and a security problem definition for digital currency hardware wallets (DCHWs). It also specifies security objectives to address security issues related to the security problem definition. This document is applicable to organizations that develop and operate DCHWs, e.g. mobile device manufacturers, chip manufacturers and companies that provide DCHW solutions. This document is also relevant to third parties that provide services to these stakeholders. It addresses sovereign or fiat digital currencies issued by a specific entity, e.g. a central bank.

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the qualification and design, installation, testing and integrity management for the external application of composite repair systems to corroded or damaged piping and pipelines, tanks and vessels.

This document specifies the framework, concepts, methodology for testing, and criteria to be achieved to claim conformance to the image coding technology Rec. ITU-T T.840.1 | ISO/IEC 6048-1, known as Learning-based image coding (JPEG AI). It lists the conformance testing procedures.

This document specifies a test method to determine if a fitting will fail in crushing mode under compression before a predefined percentage deformation of moulded fittings for thermoplastics piping systems and provides recommended percentage deformation for fittings (see Annex A). This document applies to fittings made from unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), high-impact poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF), poly(phenyl sulfone) (PPSU) and unplasticized polyamide (PA-U). This document can also be applied to moulded fittings made from other thermoplastics, in which case the test conditions can differ.

This document specifies guidelines and requirements for conducting life cycle inventory (LCI) studies of steel products reflecting steel’s capacity for closed-loop recycling, including: specification of the declared unit used for LCI calculation of steel products; definition of the system boundaries used for LCI calculation of steel products; evaluation of scrap in LCI calculation of steel products; evaluation of co-products in LCI calculation of steel products; reporting of LCI calculation results of steel products. The application of LCI results, including life cycle impact assessment (LCIA), is outside the scope of this document.

This document specifies general requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulators (TEAS) with a focus on devices intended to stimulate acupoints on the human body. It applies to all types of TEAS specifically designed for acupoint-related therapeutic usage, only in the context of professional traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) healthcare services. It is not applicable to invasive electro-acupuncture stimulators for the application of electric currents via acupuncture needles inserted into the body.

This document specifies requirements for process development for forming, sealing and assembly of packaging for medical devices to be terminally sterilized, when utilizing heat sealing technologies. This document recommends minimum heat sealing equipment features to support subsequent validation, process control and monitoring. This document applies to both preformed sterile barrier systems and sterile barrier systems. This document utilizes the sterile barrier system specification to develop the process specification using the principles of risk management. This document is intended to be used prior to process validation. NOTE ISO 11607-2 provides requirements for process specification and process validation.

This document defines the measurement method of optical image stabilization performance for still images compensating for handheld blur consisting of three rotational components, yaw, pitch and roll. It applies to consumer digital cameras with optical image stabilization for still images. Apparatuses such as camcorders and mobile phones with still image shooting functionality are within the scope of this document.

This document specifies the mounting dimensions required for interchangeability of rod-end spherical eyes of pneumatic cylinders. The rod-end spherical eyes have been designed specifically for the use with 1 000 kPa [10 bar1)] series cylinders manufactured in accordance with ISO 6432 and ISO 15552, but this does not limit their application. The spherical bearing end eyes are used on piston rods of pneumatic cylinders for mechanically transmitting the cylinder force under oscillatory rotational and tilting movements. The design of the rod-end spherical eyes is based on the maximum forces resulting from the specified internal diameter of the cylinders and pressure according to ISO 6432, ISO 15552 and ISO 21287. 1)1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.

This document specifies requirements for the classification and grading of civil uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS). This document applies to heavier-than-air aircraft as well as aerostats of any possible architecture. This document applies to the industrial conception, development, design, production and delivery of civil UAS. It also applies to operations, modification, repair and maintenance of civil UAS. NOTE The characteristics in this document can be used individually or in combination, to meet specific needs of the classification and grading of civil UAS. This document does not apply to taxonomies of: automation levels; vertiports; UTM services.

This document specifies the general requirements for basic safety and essential performance of electric radial pulse tonometric devices. This document does not apply to the accuracy of differential diagnosis or interpretation of the diagnostic data obtained from the use of such devices. This document applies to pressure-based radial pulse tonometric devices.

This document applies to hearing aid fitting management (HAFM) services offered by hearing aid professionals (HAP) when providing benefit for their clients. The provision of hearing aids relies on the knowledge and practices of a hearing aid professional, to ensure the proper fitting and adequate service in the interest of the client with hearing loss. This document specifies general processes of HAFM from the client profile to the follow-up through administering, organising and controlling hearing aid fitting through all stages. It also specifies important preconditions such as education, facilities and systems that are required to ensure proper services. The focus of this document is the services offered to the majority of adult clients with hearing impairment. It is recognized that certain populations with hearing loss such as children, persons with other disabilities or persons with implantable devices can require services outside the scope of this document. This document generally applies to air conduction hearing aids and for the most part also to bone conduction devices. Hearing loss can be a consequence of serious medical conditions. Hearing aid professionals are not in a position to diagnose or treat such conditions. When assisting clients seeking hearing rehabilitation without prior medical examination, hearing aid professionals are expected to be observant of symptoms of such conditions and refer to proper medical care. Further to the main body of the document, which specifies the HAFM requirements and processes, several informative annexes are provided. Appropriate education of hearing aid professionals is vital for exercising HAFM. Annex A defines the competencies required for the HAFM processes. Annex B offers a recommended curriculum for the education of hearing aid professionals. Annex C is an example of an appropriate fitting room. Annex D gives guidance on the referral of clients for medical or other specialist examination and treatment. Annex E is a recommendation for important information to be exchanged with the client during the process of HAFM. Annex F is a comprehensive terminology list offering definitions of the most current terms related to HAFM. It is the intention that these annexes be helpful to those who wish to deliver HAFM of the highest quality.

This document specifies the data exchange requirements between related systems within the smart city for electric vehicle (EV)-based demand response (DR) services utilizing nomadic devices as follows: EV-based DR service for demand reduction, called “demand response” during the shortage of reserve on electric grid or in response to a fine dust warning issued according to an air quality forecast; EV-based DR for demand increase, called “reverse demand response”, instead of curtailment during excess electricity generation by renewable energy sources such as the sun and wind. This document defines the requirements of main actors such as the EV, nomadic device, smart city cloud, charging station and service provider to support EV-based DR services. This document also defines the data set and data processing procedure requirements for EV-based DR services.

This document specifies requirements and recommendations for designing, developing, and establishing integrated clinical decision support systems (CDSS) for research purposes in personalized medicine. This document can be used as an implementation guideline for setting up computational modelling workflows to enable such systems. It addresses data quality, formatting and handling, as well as the processes generating such data, and the set-up, validation, simulation, storing and sharing of computational models used for this specific purpose in personalized medicine. This includes recommendations and rules for configuration, descriptions, annotations, interoperability, integration, access and provenance of such data and derived models in an interpretable and evidence-based manner. This document also specifies how to integrate these rules with clinical trials execution applying standard operating procedures. Furthermore, requirements and recommendations for data used to construct or required for validating such models are addressed. This document does not apply for computational models used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes in standard clinical practice, outside of a formal research or investigational setting.

This document specifies calculation methods for determining the required mass flow to be relieved for each specified conditions described in Table 1. Recommendations for pressure relief devices for cryostats are given in Annex A.

This document specifies requirements for pipe and integral joints of higher level of impact resistant PVC-M for the conveyance of water and waste water under pressure. The pipes are intended for installation below and above ground where they are not exposed to direct sunlight. This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods in this document. This document is applicable to extruded PVC-M pipes without a socket and pipes with a socket (integral or not), intended to be used for the following purposes: water mains and services buried in the ground; conveyance of water above ground for both outside and inside buildings; buried and above-ground drainage and sewerage under pressure. This document is applicable to piping systems intended for the supply of water under pressure up to and including 25 °C (cold water) intended for human consumption and for general purposes as well as for waste water under pressure. This document specifies pipes for the conveyance of water and waste water up to and including 45 °C. For temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C, Figure A.1 applies. NOTE 1 The producer and the end-user can come to agreement on the possibilities of use for temperatures above 45 °C on a case-by-case basis This document specifies a range of pipe sizes and pressure classes, and gives requirements concerning colours. NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections concerning pipe sizes, pressure classes and colours, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes.