93 - CIVIL ENGINEERING
ICS 93 Details
CIVIL ENGINEERING
INGENIEURBAU
GENIE CIVIL
NIZKE GRADNJE
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 93 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "CIVIL ENGINEERING". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 5655 standards classified under ICS 93 (CIVIL ENGINEERING). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document establishes the specifications for the execution of tension tests to be carried out on soil nails and rock bolts.
NOTE 1 Soil nails and rock bolts are referred to as elements in the scope of this document.
NOTE 2 This document covers but is not limited to grouted soil nails and rock bolts.
NOTE 3 This document does not provide specification for the number of tests, the type of test, the Test Method, the value of the proof load and the limiting criteria. These aspects reside in EN 1997-3 and its national annex or in similar standards.
This document provides specifications for three types of tension tests: investigation tests, suitability tests and acceptance tests.
Two methods of testing are recognised by this document. Test Method A involves step-loaded maintained load tension tests. Test Method B involves constant displacement rate tension tests.
This document provides specifications for the experimental devices, the measurement apparatus, the test procedures, the definition and the presentation of the test results and the content of records, aiming at:
a) measuring the pull-out resistance of a soil nail or a rock bolt;
NOTE 4 A loading test performed using this document provides the pulled-out resistance along the bonded length, that will possibly differ from the pull-out resistance considered in design.
b) checking that a soil nail or rock bolt behaves as designed.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidance for the assessment of conformity of materials, products, joints and assemblies in accordance with the applicable part(s) of the EN 1852 series intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.
NOTE 1 The quality management system is expected to conform to or be no less stringent than the relevant requirements in EN ISO 9001 [1].
NOTE 2 If third-party certification is involved, the certification body is expected be accredited to EN ISO/IEC 17065 [2] or the EN ISO/IEC 17021 series [3], as applicable.
NOTE 3 In order to help the reader, a basic test matrix is given in Annex A.
In conjunction with EN 1852 1 this document is applicable to solid wall piping systems made of polypropylene (PP) intended to be used for:
— non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage outside the building structure (application area code “U”), and
— non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage for both buried in ground within the building structure (application area code “D”) and outside the building structure.
This is reflected in the marking of products by “U” and “UD”.
- Technical specification22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes the specifications for the execution of tension tests to be carried out on soil nails and rock bolts.
NOTE 1 Soil nails and rock bolts are referred to as elements in the scope of this document.
NOTE 2 This document covers but is not limited to grouted soil nails and rock bolts.
NOTE 3 This document does not provide specification for the number of tests, the type of test, the Test Method, the value of the proof load and the limiting criteria. These aspects reside in EN 1997-3 and its national annex or in similar standards.
This document provides specifications for three types of tension tests: investigation tests, suitability tests and acceptance tests.
Two methods of testing are recognised by this document. Test Method A involves step-loaded maintained load tension tests. Test Method B involves constant displacement rate tension tests.
This document provides specifications for the experimental devices, the measurement apparatus, the test procedures, the definition and the presentation of the test results and the content of records, aiming at:
a) measuring the pull-out resistance of a soil nail or a rock bolt;
NOTE 4 A loading test performed using this document provides the pulled-out resistance along the bonded length, that will possibly differ from the pull-out resistance considered in design.
b) checking that a soil nail or rock bolt behaves as designed.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for preparing asphalt test blocks intended for testing of hot applied joint sealants according to EN 13880 7 and EN 13880 9.
- Draft6 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
1.1 Scope of EN 1995-2
(1) This document gives general design rules for the structural parts of bridges, i.e. structural members of importance for the reliability of the whole bridge or major parts of it, made of timber or other wood-based materials, either singly or compositely with concrete, steel or other materials.
(2) Prestressed timber-concrete composite (TCC) members are not covered by this document. The design of stress-laminated timber decks used as part of a TCC system is covered.
(3) Systems which rely on friction between wood and concrete are not covered by this document.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to this document.
(2) It is assumed that the requirements for execution given in EN 1995 3 are complied with.
- Draft84 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
1.1 Scope of EN 1993-1-11
(1) EN 1993-1-11 provides rules for structural design of tension components made of steel, in addition to other parts of EN 1993, for use in structures made of steel or other materials such as concrete, steel-concrete composite and timber.
(2) EN 1993-1-11 covers the resistance, serviceability and durability of steel tension elements.
(3) The following items/aspects are outside the scope of EN 1993-1-11:
— pre- or post-tensioned systems in accordance with EN 1992-1-1;
— reinforcing steel as part of a concrete structure in accordance with EN 1992-1-1;
— tension components in piling;
— detailed design of terminations.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990-1, EN 1991 (all parts) and EN 1993-1 (all parts) apply.
(2) The design methods given in EN 1993-1-11 are applicable if:
— execution quality is according to EN 1090-2; and
— the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of the EN 1993 series, or in the relevant material and product specifications.
- Draft84 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes the specifications for the execution of tension tests to be carried out on soil nails and rock bolts. NOTE 1 Soil nails and rock bolts are referred to as elements in the scope of this document. NOTE 2 This document covers but is not limited to grouted soil nails and rock bolts. NOTE 3 This document does not provide specification for the number of tests, the type of test, the Test Method, the value of the proof load and the limiting criteria. These aspects reside in EN 1997-3 and its national annex or in similar standards. This document provides specifications for three types of tension tests: investigation tests, suitability tests and acceptance tests. Two methods of testing are recognised by this document. Test Method A involves step-loaded maintained load tension tests. Test Method B involves constant displacement rate tension tests. This document provides specifications for the experimental devices, the measurement apparatus, the test procedures, the definition and the presentation of the test results and the content of records, aiming at: a) measuring the pull-out resistance of a soil nail or a rock bolt; NOTE 4 A loading test performed using this document provides the pulled-out resistance along the bonded length, that will possibly differ from the pull-out resistance considered in design. b) checking that a soil nail or rock bolt behaves as designed.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives guidance for the assessment of conformity of materials, products, joints and assemblies in accordance with the applicable part(s) of the EN 1852 series intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.
NOTE 1 The quality management system is expected to conform to or be no less stringent than the relevant requirements in EN ISO 9001 [1].
NOTE 2 If third-party certification is involved, the certification body is expected be accredited to EN ISO/IEC 17065 [2] or the EN ISO/IEC 17021 series [3], as applicable.
NOTE 3 In order to help the reader, a basic test matrix is given in Annex A.
In conjunction with EN 1852 1 this document is applicable to solid wall piping systems made of polypropylene (PP) intended to be used for:
— non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage outside the building structure (application area code “U”), and
— non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage for both buried in ground within the building structure (application area code “D”) and outside the building structure.
This is reflected in the marking of products by “U” and “UD”.
- Technical specification22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
EN 1994-2 gives design rules for steel-concrete composite bridges or members of bridges, supplementary to the general rules given in EN 1994-1-1.
- Draft39 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
1.1 Scope of FprEN 1993 2
(1) This document provides rules for the structural design of steel bridges and steel parts of steel-concrete composite bridges.
(2) This document is applicable to the resistance, serviceability and durability of steel bridge structures.
(3) The design of tension components and related parts is covered by EN 1993 1 11.
NOTE For the design of hangers for tied-arch bridges, additional provisions are given in Annex A.
(4) Supplementary requirements for seismic design are given in EN 1998 2.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1998 (all parts) and EN 1993 1 (all parts) apply.
(2) The design methods given in FprEN 1993 2 are applicable if:
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090 2 and EN 1090 4, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of EN 1993, or in the relevant material and product specifications.
- Draft126 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidance and requirements for the assessment of conformity of compounds, products, joints and assemblies in accordance with the applicable part(s) of EN 12201 intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.
NOTE 1 A test matrix provides an overview of the testing scheme in Annex C, Table C.1.
NOTE 2 If certification is involved, the certification bodies and inspection bodies operating in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17065 [6] and EN ISO/IEC 17020 [4] are considered to be competent.
Socket fusion fittings according to EN 12201 3:2024, Annex A, and mechanical fittings according to ISO 17885 are not covered in this document.
In conjunction with EN 12201 1, EN 12201 2, EN 12201 3, EN 12201 4 and EN 12201 5, this document is applicable to polyethylene (PE) pressure piping systems (mains and service pipes) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of water for human consumption, raw water prior to treatment, drains and sewers under pressure, vacuum sewer systems, and water for other purposes, with the exception of industrial application. The intended use includes sea outfalls, laid in water and pipes suspended below bridges. It is applicable to PE pipes, fittings, and valves, their joints and joints with components of PE and other materials intended to be used under the following conditions:
a) allowable operating pressure, PFA, up to 25 bar ;
b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as a reference temperature.
NOTE 3 Industrial application is covered by EN ISO 15494 [3].
NOTE 4 For applications operating at constant temperature greater than 20 °C and up to and including 50 °C, see EN 12201 1:2024, Annex A.
NOTE 5 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national guidance or regulations and installation practices or codes.
- Technical specification49 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of piping systems for the rehabilitation of non-pressure underground drains and sewers.
NOTE It is not applicable to use of PVC-U material for rehabilitation of pipes under pressure.
It is applicable to unplasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes, fittings and assemblies, as manufactured and as installed with service temperature not exceeding 35 °C. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline.
This document is applicable to the renovation technique family “lining with close-fit pipes”.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of piping systems for the rehabilitation, by means of renovation and trenchless replacement, of underground non-pressure and pressure drains and sewers and water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water pipelines.
It is applicable to polyethylene (PE) pipes, fittings and assemblies, as manufactured and as installed. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline.
It is applicable to the following technique families for renovation, intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature:
lining with continuous pipes;
lining with close-fit pipes.
This document is applicable to the following technique families for trenchless replacement, intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature:
pipe bursting and pipe extraction;
horizontal directional drilling and impact moling.
NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427-1:2019, Annex A.
When used with lining with continuous pipes, lining with close-fit pipes and trenchless replacement technique families, this document is applicable to:
PE solid wall single layered pipes (nominal outside diameter, dn), including any identification stripes;
PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and inside of the pipe (total outside diameter, dn), as specified in Annex D, where all layers have the same MRS rating.
Furthermore, when used with lining with continuous pipes and trenchless replacement this document is applicable to:
PE coated pipes (outside diameter, dn) having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe (“coated pipe”), as specified in Annex D.
This document is applicable to jointing by means of butt fusion and electrofusion and to fabricated and injection-moulded fittings and mechanical connections of PE.
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general requirements for the observation and evaluation method of railway earthworks (substructure and foundation ground) settlement and deformation for new-built and existing railway.
- Technical specification12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification13 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of piping systems for the rehabilitation, by means of renovation and trenchless replacement, of underground non-pressure and pressure drains and sewers and water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water pipelines.
It is applicable to polyethylene (PE) pipes, fittings and assemblies, as manufactured and as installed. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline.
It is applicable to the following technique families for renovation, intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature:
lining with continuous pipes;
lining with close-fit pipes.
This document is applicable to the following technique families for trenchless replacement, intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature:
pipe bursting and pipe extraction;
horizontal directional drilling and impact moling.
NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427-1:2019, Annex A.
When used with lining with continuous pipes, lining with close-fit pipes and trenchless replacement technique families, this document is applicable to:
PE solid wall single layered pipes (nominal outside diameter, dn), including any identification stripes;
PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and inside of the pipe (total outside diameter, dn), as specified in Annex D, where all layers have the same MRS rating.
Furthermore, when used with lining with continuous pipes and trenchless replacement this document is applicable to:
PE coated pipes (outside diameter, dn) having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe (“coated pipe”), as specified in Annex D.
This document is applicable to jointing by means of butt fusion and electrofusion and to fabricated and injection-moulded fittings and mechanical connections of PE.
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of piping systems for the rehabilitation of non-pressure underground drains and sewers.
NOTE It is not applicable to use of PVC-U material for rehabilitation of pipes under pressure.
It is applicable to unplasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes, fittings and assemblies, as manufactured and as installed with service temperature not exceeding 35 °C. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline.
This document is applicable to the renovation technique family “lining with close-fit pipes”.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, together with ISO 20500-1:2026, deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to soil-stabilising machines and recycling machines when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex C) associated with the whole lifetime of the machine as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4. The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in ISO 20500-1:2026. This document does not repeat the requirements of ISO 20500-1:2026 but supplements or modifies the requirements for soil-stabilising machines and recycling machines. Lightning as a significant and relevant hazard is not covered in this document. This document is not applicable to soil-stabilising machines and recycling machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document, together with ISO 20500-1:2026, deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to paver-finishers when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex D) associated with the whole lifetime of the machine as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4. The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in ISO 20500-1:2026. This document does not repeat the requirements of ISO 20500-1:2026 but supplements or modifies the requirements for paver-finishers. Lightning as a significant and relevant hazard is not covered in this document. This document is not applicable to paver-finishers manufactured before the date of its publication.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document, together with ISO 20500-1:2026, deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compaction machines when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex D) associated with the whole lifetime of the machine as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4. The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in ISO 20500-1:2026. This document does not repeat the requirements of ISO 20500-1:2026 but supplements or modifies the requirements for compaction machines. This document deals with vibratory plates and vibratory rammers only. This document does not deal with compaction machines with ride-on operators. Lightning as a significant and relevant hazard is not covered in this document. This document is not applicable to compaction machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
- Standard36 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document, together with ISO 20500-1:2026, deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to road-milling machines when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex D) associated with the whole lifetime of the machine as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4. The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in ISO 20500-1:2026. This document does not repeat the requirements of ISO 20500-1:2026 but supplements or modifies the requirements for road-milling machines. The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document: — lightning; — vibration. NOTE A vibration test code is under preparation. This document is not applicable to road-milling machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document, together with ISO 20500-1:2026, deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to slipform pavers and related machines when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex D) associated with the whole lifetime of the machine as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4. The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in ISO 20500-1:2026. This document does not repeat the requirements of ISO 20500-1:2026, but supplements or modifies the requirements for slipform pavers and related machines. Lightning as a significant and relevant hazard is not covered in this document. This document is not applicable to slipform pavers and related machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the common safety requirements for mobile road construction machinery. The ISO 20500 series is applicable to mobile road construction machinery as listed in Annex A. NOTE 1 For travelling on public roads, the national roading regulations apply (e.g. braking, steering, lighting). This document deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to mobile road construction machinery, when used as intended and under conditions foreseen, but also taking into account any reasonably foreseeable misuse thereof (see Annex I). NOTE 2 The requirements specified in this document are common to two or more families of mobile road construction machinery. This document gives the common safety requirements for mobile road construction machinery and is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20500-2 to ISO 20500-7. These machine specific parts (ISO 20500-2 to ISO 20500-7) do not repeat the requirements from this document but supplement or modify the requirements for the family in question. This document does not deal with hazards related to transport of dangerous goods by road. Lightning as a significant and relevant hazard is not covered in this document. This document specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazards as specified in Annex I. This document is not applicable to mobile road construction machinery manufactured before the date of its publication. As a general principle, dimensions are used according to ISO 3411:2007 in order to cover 5 to 95 percentile of machine operators.
- Standard67 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document, together with ISO 20500-1:2026, deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to mobile feeders when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex C) associated with the whole lifetime of the machine as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4. The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in ISO 20500-1:2026. This document does not repeat the requirements of ISO 20500-1:2026 but supplements or modifies the requirements for mobile feeders. Lightning as a significant and relevant hazard is not covered in this document. This document is not applicable to mobile feeders manufactured before the date of its publication.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of piping systems for the rehabilitation, by means of renovation and trenchless replacement, of underground non-pressure and pressure drains and sewers and water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water pipelines. It is applicable to polyethylene (PE) pipes, fittings and assemblies, as manufactured and as installed. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline. It is applicable to the following technique families for renovation, intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature: lining with continuous pipes; lining with close-fit pipes. This document is applicable to the following technique families for trenchless replacement, intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature: pipe bursting and pipe extraction; horizontal directional drilling and impact moling. NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427-1:2019, Annex A. When used with lining with continuous pipes, lining with close-fit pipes and trenchless replacement technique families, this document is applicable to: PE solid wall single layered pipes (nominal outside diameter, dn), including any identification stripes; PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and inside of the pipe (total outside diameter, dn), as specified in Annex D, where all layers have the same MRS rating. Furthermore, when used with lining with continuous pipes and trenchless replacement this document is applicable to: PE coated pipes (outside diameter, dn) having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe (“coated pipe”), as specified in Annex D. This document is applicable to jointing by means of butt fusion and electrofusion and to fabricated and injection-moulded fittings and mechanical connections of PE.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard45 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of piping systems for the rehabilitation of non-pressure underground drains and sewers. NOTE It is not applicable to use of PVC-U material for rehabilitation of pipes under pressure. It is applicable to unplasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes, fittings and assemblies, as manufactured and as installed with service temperature not exceeding 35 °C. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline. This document is applicable to the renovation technique family “lining with close-fit pipes”.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard21 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the required properties of the piping system and its components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP), based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) intended to be used for drainage or sewerage without pressure including culverts. It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes. This document is applicable to non-circular GRP-UP pipes, with flexible or rigid joints, primarily intended for use in buried installations but may also be used to reline existing non-circular pipe lines. NOTE 1 GRP-UP includes pipes with vinyl ester liners or made entirely from vinyl ester. NOTE 2 Piping systems conforming to this document can be used also for non-buried applications provided the influence of the environment, e.g. from UV-radiation, and the supports are considered in the design of the pipes, fittings and joints. This document is applicable to pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 150 to DN 4000, which are intended to be used for the conveyance of surface water or sewage at normal service conditions.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the measurement of strain by means of strain gauges and strainmeters carried out for geotechnical monitoring. General rules of performance monitoring of the ground, of structures interacting with the ground, of geotechnical fills and of geotechnical works are presented in ISO 18674-1.
This document is applicable to:
— performance monitoring of
— 1-D structural members such as piles, struts, props and anchor tendons;
— 2-D structural members such as foundation plates, sheet piles, diaphragm walls, retaining walls and shotcrete/concrete tunnel linings;
— 3-D structural members such as gravity dams, earth- and rock-fill dams, embankments and reinforced soil structures;
— checking geotechnical designs and adjustment of construction in connection with the observational design procedure;
— evaluating stability during or after construction.
With the aid of a stress-strain relationship of the material, strain data can be converted into stress and/or forces (for 1-D members; see ISO 18674-8) or stresses (for 2-D and 3-D members, see ISO 18674-5).
NOTE This document fulfils the requirements for the performance monitoring of the ground, of structures interacting with the ground and of geotechnical works by the means of strain measuring instruments as part of the geotechnical investigation and testing in accordance with References [1] and [2].
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes an assessment procedure for characterising the effect of different pavement types on road traffic noise emission.
The procedure relies on the application of an established measurement method and specifies the de-tailed conditions for its use to enable the determination of characteristic values for the acoustic perfor-mance of road surface types with a given accuracy. Performance is characterised in absolute terms ra-ther than with respect to a reference surface, as specifications for the latter differ from country to coun-try and could contribute to additional uncertainty.
The procedure is intended to be suitable for the following applications:
- for the acoustic labelling (i.e. the determination of initial acoustic properties) of generic or proprie-tary road surface products;
- for the conformity-of-production (COP) assessment of newly laid surfaces, e.g. to assess compliance with acoustic labels and/or contract specifications, or to assess the homogeneity of the surface over its length;
- for the monitoring of the acoustic properties of road surfaces over the course of their working life-time, so as to help inform surface maintenance/replacement policies and increase understanding of the acoustic durability of road surfaces.
The values derived from this procedure are intended to be used for the following purposes:
- to characterise the initial acoustic properties of a road surface type (the acoustic label) using a common procedure across Europe. Such an acoustic label can serve as a baseline for setting perfor-mance requirements in public procurements, COP assessments and monitoring over the working lifetime of the surface. The label enables the comparison of different road surface types in an unbi-ased manner;
- to verify the acoustic quality and homogeneity of a newly laid road surface;
- to determine the acoustic quality and homogeneity of a road surface at a given point during its working lifetime; the collation of sufficient data on the same surface over time enables the predic-tion of acoustic behaviour and can help to drive surface design/development.
In addition, the procedure described within this document also makes possible:
- the establishment of reference values for wider road surface types;
- the derivation of input parameters for road surface corrections within environmental noise calcula-tion methods (in particular, the harmonised CNOSSOS-EU method).
- Technical specification40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for determining the rates of spread and accuracy of spread of binder and chippings of a surface dressing on a section of road at a given time.
This test method can also be used for determining the rate of spread and accuracy of spread of sprayed bituminous emulsions e.g. when used as bond coats or asphalt preservation systems. The performance categories for binder rate of spread and accuracy of spread in EN 12271 do not apply to bond coats and tack coats.
The test methods are used on site to check the ability of binder sprayers and chipping spreaders to meet the intended rates of spread and tolerances and coefficients of variation.
The test methods can be used to fulfil the Factory Production Control requirements of EN 12271 – Surface Dressings – Requirements.
— Plant and equipment calibration.
— Minimum inspection and test frequencies during production.
Using these methods for inspections during production (FPC), allows certain changes to these methods due to the specificity of certain sites and materials used (e.g. combined chipping-binder spreaders). In this case, the changes are documented in the Factory Production Control (FPC) and identified in the test reports.
Other test methods used to check the rate of spread and accuracy of spread of binder, such as the static spray bar bench test for sprayers, are not covered by this document.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous operations. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of sound reflection from road noise reducing devices, the sound reflection index, and then calculate a single-number rating for sound absorption from it.
This document is applicable to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either on typical installations alongside roads or on a relevant test specimen section;
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of road traffic noise reducing devices in actual use under direct sound field conditions;
— the comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— the verification of the long-term performance of road traffic noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method).
This document does not apply to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of road traffic noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches.
Results for the sound reflection index are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 200 Hz and 5 kHz, for qualification purposes. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in a restricted frequency range, and the reasons for the restriction(s) are clearly reported.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard73 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation for road traffic noise reducing devices: the sound insulation index.
This document is applicable to:
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either on typical installations alongside roads or in laboratory conditions;
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices in actual use;
— comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— verification of the long-term performance of road traffic noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method);
— interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
This document does not apply to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches or under covers.
Results for the sound insulation index are expressed as a function of frequency in one-third octave bands, between 200 Hz and 5 kHz for qualification purposes. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in a restricted frequency range and the reasons for the restriction(s) are clearly reported.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the laboratory method for measuring the sound absorption performance of road traffic noise reducing devices in reverberant conditions. It covers the assessment of the intrinsic sound absorption performance of devices that can reasonably be assembled inside the testing facility described in EN ISO 354.
This method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of noise reducing devices to be installed on roads in non-reverberant conditions.
The test method in EN ISO 354 referred to in this document excludes devices that act as weakly damped resonators. Some devices will depart significantly from these requirements and in these cases, care is needed in interpreting the results.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a normalized traffic noise spectrum for the evaluation and assessment of the acoustic performance of devices designed to reduce traffic noise near roads.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for determining the bond strength between an asphalt layer and other newly constructed construction layers or existing substrates in road or airfield pavements. The tests can also be applied on laboratory prepared interlayers.
The normative tests described in this document are:
— Torque Bond Test (TBT), generally applicable to any layer thicknesses;
— Shear Bond Test (SBT), generally applicable to layer thicknesses > 15 mm;
— Tensile Adhesion Test (TAT), generally applicable to layer thicknesses ≤ 15 mm.
NOTE Further non-normative test methods are described in informative annexes:
— Annex A (informative) - Compressed Shear Bond Test (CSBT);
— Annex B (informative) - Alternative Shear Bond Test (ASBT);
— Annex C (informative) - Layer Adhesion Measuring Instrument (LAMI).
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for determining the intrinsic characteristics of sound diffraction of added devices installed on the top of road traffic noise reducing devices. The test method prescribes measurements of the sound pressure level at several reference points near the top edge of a road traffic noise reducing device with and without the added device installed on its top. The effectiveness of the added device is calculated as the difference between the measured values with and without the added devices, correcting for any change in height (the method specified gives the acoustic benefit over a simple barrier of the same height; however, in practice the added device can raise the height and this could provide additional screening depending on the source and receiver positions).
This document is applicable to:
— the preliminary qualification, outdoors or indoors, of added devices to be installed on road traffic noise reducing devices;
— the determination of sound diffraction index difference of added devices in actual use;
— the comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— the verification of the long-term performance of added devices (with a repeated application of the method);
— the interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
The test method can be applied both in situ and on samples purposely built to be tested using the method described here.
Results are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 100 Hz and 5 kHz. If it is not possible to get valid measurements results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in the restricted frequency range and the reasons of the restriction(s) are clearly reported. A single-number rating is calculated from frequency data.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies, for anhydrous bituminous binder (cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders), the measurement of the binder aggregate adhesivity and the influence of adhesion agents or interfacial dopes on adhesion characteristics. This is to help designing binder aggregate systems for surface dressing.
This document specifies methods of measurement of:
— the mechanical adhesion of the binder to the surface of the aggregate;
— the active adhesivity of the binder to the chippings;
— the improvement of the mechanical adhesion and active adhesivity by adding an adhesion agent either into the mass of the binder or by spraying the interface between binder and chippings;
— the wetting temperature of the binder to the aggregate;
— the variation of adhesivity below the fragility temperature.
The wetting capacity of the binder affects the adhesivity properties. With the presence of water, the wetting capacity of bitumen emulsion is naturally high. Even if mechanical adhesion and active adhesivity test methods are mainly dedicated to anhydrous bituminous binders (cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders), these measurements can also be practiced with bitumen emulsion with a personalized interpretation of the results that depends on the design of the binder aggregate system. For bitumen emulsion, the adhesivity is conventionally measured through the water immersion test (EN 13614).
This test method is applicable to:
— bituminous binders used for surface dressings (e.g. conventional or polymer modified binders; mainly anhydrous bituminous binders such as cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders and bitumen emulsions);
— all the following aggregates sizes that can be used for surface dressings:
— set 1: 2/5 mm, 5/8 mm, 8/11 mm and 11/16 mm; and
— set 2: 2/4 mm, 2/6 mm, 4/6 mm, 4/8 mm, 6/10 mm, 6/12 mm and 10/14 mm.
This test method does not apply to quality control on site.
NOTE Further information concerning the purpose of the test can be found in Annex D.
WARNING – The use of this document can involve hazardous operations. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the laboratory method for measuring the airborne sound insulation performance of road traffic noise reducing devices in reverberant conditions. It covers the assessment of the intrinsic performance of barriers that can reasonably be assembled inside the testing facility described in EN ISO 10140-2 and EN ISO 10140-4.
This method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed on roads in non-reverberant conditions.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies white, yellow and orange road markings, removable or non-removable, under the form of road marking assemblies or preformed road markings, to be used for temporary road markings in circulation areas. Other road marking products and colours intended for temporary road markings are not covered in this document.
This document also gives specifications for the evaluation of conformity of temporary road markings in circulation areas including type testing and factory production control.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the laboratory method for measuring the sound absorption performance of road traffic noise reducing devices in reverberant conditions. It covers the assessment of the intrinsic sound absorption performance of devices that can reasonably be assembled inside the testing facility described in EN ISO 354.
This method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of noise reducing devices to be installed on roads in non-reverberant conditions.
The test method in EN ISO 354 referred to in this document excludes devices that act as weakly damped resonators. Some devices will depart significantly from these requirements and in these cases, care is needed in interpreting the results.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for determining the intrinsic characteristics of sound diffraction of added devices installed on the top of road traffic noise reducing devices. The test method prescribes measurements of the sound pressure level at several reference points near the top edge of a road traffic noise reducing device with and without the added device installed on its top. The effectiveness of the added device is calculated as the difference between the measured values with and without the added devices, correcting for any change in height (the method specified gives the acoustic benefit over a simple barrier of the same height; however, in practice the added device can raise the height and this could provide additional screening depending on the source and receiver positions).
This document is applicable to:
— the preliminary qualification, outdoors or indoors, of added devices to be installed on road traffic noise reducing devices;
— the determination of sound diffraction index difference of added devices in actual use;
— the comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— the verification of the long-term performance of added devices (with a repeated application of the method);
— the interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
The test method can be applied both in situ and on samples purposely built to be tested using the method described here.
Results are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 100 Hz and 5 kHz. If it is not possible to get valid measurements results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in the restricted frequency range and the reasons of the restriction(s) are clearly reported. A single-number rating is calculated from frequency data.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a normalized traffic noise spectrum for the evaluation and assessment of the acoustic performance of devices designed to reduce traffic noise near roads.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the laboratory method for measuring the airborne sound insulation performance of road traffic noise reducing devices in reverberant conditions. It covers the assessment of the intrinsic performance of barriers that can reasonably be assembled inside the testing facility described in EN ISO 10140-2 and EN ISO 10140-4.
This method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed on roads in non-reverberant conditions.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of sound reflection from road noise reducing devices, the sound reflection index, and then calculate a single-number rating for sound absorption from it.
This document is applicable to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either on typical installations alongside roads or on a relevant test specimen section;
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of road traffic noise reducing devices in actual use under direct sound field conditions;
— the comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— the verification of the long-term performance of road traffic noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method).
This document does not apply to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of road traffic noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches.
Results for the sound reflection index are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 200 Hz and 5 kHz, for qualification purposes. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in a restricted frequency range, and the reasons for the restriction(s) are clearly reported.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard73 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation for road traffic noise reducing devices: the sound insulation index.
This document is applicable to:
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either on typical installations alongside roads or in laboratory conditions;
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices in actual use;
— comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— verification of the long-term performance of road traffic noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method);
— interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
This document does not apply to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches or under covers.
Results for the sound insulation index are expressed as a function of frequency in one-third octave bands, between 200 Hz and 5 kHz for qualification purposes. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in a restricted frequency range and the reasons for the restriction(s) are clearly reported.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the measurement of strain by means of strain gauges and strainmeters carried out for geotechnical monitoring. General rules of performance monitoring of the ground, of structures interacting with the ground, of geotechnical fills and of geotechnical works are presented in ISO 18674-1.
This document is applicable to:
— performance monitoring of
— 1-D structural members such as piles, struts, props and anchor tendons;
— 2-D structural members such as foundation plates, sheet piles, diaphragm walls, retaining walls and shotcrete/concrete tunnel linings;
— 3-D structural members such as gravity dams, earth- and rock-fill dams, embankments and reinforced soil structures;
— checking geotechnical designs and adjustment of construction in connection with the observational design procedure;
— evaluating stability during or after construction.
With the aid of a stress-strain relationship of the material, strain data can be converted into stress and/or forces (for 1-D members; see ISO 18674-8) or stresses (for 2-D and 3-D members, see ISO 18674-5).
NOTE This document fulfils the requirements for the performance monitoring of the ground, of structures interacting with the ground and of geotechnical works by the means of strain measuring instruments as part of the geotechnical investigation and testing in accordance with References [1] and [2].
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes an assessment procedure for characterising the effect of different pavement types on road traffic noise emission.
The procedure relies on the application of an established measurement method and specifies the de-tailed conditions for its use to enable the determination of characteristic values for the acoustic perfor-mance of road surface types with a given accuracy. Performance is characterised in absolute terms ra-ther than with respect to a reference surface, as specifications for the latter differ from country to coun-try and could contribute to additional uncertainty.
The procedure is intended to be suitable for the following applications:
- for the acoustic labelling (i.e. the determination of initial acoustic properties) of generic or proprie-tary road surface products;
- for the conformity-of-production (COP) assessment of newly laid surfaces, e.g. to assess compliance with acoustic labels and/or contract specifications, or to assess the homogeneity of the surface over its length;
- for the monitoring of the acoustic properties of road surfaces over the course of their working life-time, so as to help inform surface maintenance/replacement policies and increase understanding of the acoustic durability of road surfaces.
The values derived from this procedure are intended to be used for the following purposes:
- to characterise the initial acoustic properties of a road surface type (the acoustic label) using a common procedure across Europe. Such an acoustic label can serve as a baseline for setting perfor-mance requirements in public procurements, COP assessments and monitoring over the working lifetime of the surface. The label enables the comparison of different road surface types in an unbi-ased manner;
- to verify the acoustic quality and homogeneity of a newly laid road surface;
- to determine the acoustic quality and homogeneity of a road surface at a given point during its working lifetime; the collation of sufficient data on the same surface over time enables the predic-tion of acoustic behaviour and can help to drive surface design/development.
In addition, the procedure described within this document also makes possible:
- the establishment of reference values for wider road surface types;
- the derivation of input parameters for road surface corrections within environmental noise calcula-tion methods (in particular, the harmonised CNOSSOS-EU method).
- Technical specification40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for determining the bond strength between an asphalt layer and other newly constructed construction layers or existing substrates in road or airfield pavements. The tests can also be applied on laboratory prepared interlayers.
The normative tests described in this document are:
— Torque Bond Test (TBT), generally applicable to any layer thicknesses;
— Shear Bond Test (SBT), generally applicable to layer thicknesses > 15 mm;
— Tensile Adhesion Test (TAT), generally applicable to layer thicknesses ≤ 15 mm.
NOTE Further non-normative test methods are described in informative annexes:
— Annex A (informative) - Compressed Shear Bond Test (CSBT);
— Annex B (informative) - Alternative Shear Bond Test (ASBT);
— Annex C (informative) - Layer Adhesion Measuring Instrument (LAMI).
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the measurement of strain by means of strain gauges and strainmeters carried out for geotechnical monitoring. General rules of performance monitoring of the ground, of structures interacting with the ground, of geotechnical fills and of geotechnical works are presented in ISO 18674-1. This document is applicable to: — performance monitoring of — 1-D structural members such as piles, struts, props and anchor tendons; — 2-D structural members such as foundation plates, sheet piles, diaphragm walls, retaining walls and shotcrete/concrete tunnel linings; — 3-D structural members such as gravity dams, earth- and rock-fill dams, embankments and reinforced soil structures; — checking geotechnical designs and adjustment of construction in connection with the observational design procedure; — evaluating stability during or after construction. With the aid of a stress-strain relationship of the material, strain data can be converted into stress and/or forces (for 1-D members; see ISO 18674-8) or stresses (for 2-D and 3-D members, see ISO 18674-5). NOTE This document fulfils the requirements for the performance monitoring of the ground, of structures interacting with the ground and of geotechnical works by the means of strain measuring instruments as part of the geotechnical investigation and testing in accordance with References [1] and [2].
- Standard47 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes the general principles of train detection for operations and services which are applied to any railway. This document provides the link of train detection with management of operational principles. It includes descriptions of operational and environmental conditions affecting train detection and impacts on operations. This document provides non-technical guidance for supporting the choice of a suitable train detection method relating to railway operations, for new lines and upgrade or renewal of train detection systems. This document excludes all technical aspects.
- Technical report14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical report15 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Technical report15 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies white, yellow and orange road markings, removable or non-removable, under the form of road marking assemblies or preformed road markings, to be used for temporary road markings in circulation areas. Other road marking products and colours intended for temporary road markings are not covered in this document.
This document also gives specifications for the evaluation of conformity of temporary road markings in circulation areas including type testing and factory production control.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day