SIST ISO 18158:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2018
Zrak na delovnem mestu - Terminologija
Workplace air - Terminology
Qualité de l'air - Terminologie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 18158:2016
ICS:
01.020 7HUPLQRORJLMDQDþHODLQ Terminology (principles and
NRRUGLQDFLMD coordination)
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18158
First edition
2016-03-01
Workplace air — Terminology
Qualité de l’air — Terminologie
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms and definitions . 1
2.1 General terms . 1
2.1.1 Agents . 1
2.1.2 Air pollutants . 1
2.1.3 Health-related fractions and conventions . 2
2.1.4 Aerosols . 3
2.1.5 Exposure assessment . 5
2.1.6 Other terms . 6
2.2 Terms related to the physical and chemical processes of workplace (air) sampling . 6
2.2.1 Workplace (air) sample. 6
2.2.2 Workplace (air) sampler . 7
2.2.3 Workplace (air) sampling .10
2.3 Terms related to the analytical method .12
2.4 Terms related to method performance .14
2.4.1 Efficiency .14
2.4.2 Uncertainty .14
2.4.3 General statistical terms .17
2.4.4 Other statistical terms . .19
Annex A (informative) Alphabetical index of terms defined .20
Annex B (informative) Additional terms .24
Bibliography .28
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Workplace
atmospheres.
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The health of workers in many industries is at risk through exposure by inhalation of chemical and
biological agents. Industrial hygienists and other public health professionals need to determine the
effectiveness of measures taken to control workers’ exposure and this is generally achieved by making
workplace air measurements.
Many terms that are commonly used in relation to workplace air measurements and exposure
assessments are defined within individual standards or technical documents and are often defined
differently from one standard or document to the next. This creates ambiguities and inconsistencies
in the use of such terms. This International Standard was developed to ensure that commonly used
terms have agreed-upon definitions and to eliminate ambiguities and inconsistencies in their usage. It
will be of benefit to agencies concerned with health and safety at work, industrial hygienists and other
public health professionals, analytical laboratories, industrial users of metals and metalloids and their
workers.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18158:2016(E)
Workplace air — Terminology
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies terms and definitions that are related to the assessment of
workplace exposure (see 2.1.5.1) to chemical and biological agents (see 2.1.1.1). These are either
general terms or are specific to physical and chemical processes of air sampling, the analytical method
(see 2.3.3), or method performance.
The terms included are those that have been identified as being fundamental because their definition is
necessary to avoid ambiguity and ensure consistency of use.
This International Standard is applicable to all International Standards, ISO Technical Reports, ISO
Technical Specifications, and ISO Guides related to workplace atmospheres.
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 General terms
2.1.1 Agents
2.1.1.1
biological agent
one of a number of agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and other micro-organisms or parts of them
and their associated toxins, including those which have been genetically modified, cell cultures or
endoparasites which are potentially hazardous to human health
Note 1 to entry: Dusts of organic origin, for example, cotton dust, flour dust and wood dust, are not considered to
be biological agents and are therefore not covered by this definition.
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.1.1, modified — Added “one of a number of agents such as” to definition and
changed “pollen” to “cotton dust”.]
2.1.1.2
chemical agent
chemical element or compound on its own or admixed as it occurs in the natural state or as produced,
used, or released, including release as waste, by any work activity, whether or not produced intentionally
and whether or not placed on the market
[SOURCE: Council Directive 98/24/EC, Art. 2 a]
2.1.2 Air pollutants
2.1.2.1
air pollutant
material emitted into the atmosphere either by human activity or natural processes and adversely
affecting humans or the environment
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.1, modified — Changed “man” to “humans”.]
2.1.2.2
airborne dust
finely divided matter, in solid form, dispersed in air
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.2]
2.1.2.3
airborne particles
fine matter, in solid or liquid form, dispersed in air
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.3, modified — Note 1 to entry deleted.]
2.1.2.4
total airborne particles
airborne particles (2.1.2.3) present in a given volume of air
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.6, modified — Added “present” after “particles”.]
2.1.2.5
vapour
gas phase of a substance in a state of equilibrium or disturbed equilibrium with the same substance in
a liquid or solid state below its boiling or sublimation point
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.7]
2.1.3 Health-related fractions and conventions
2.1.3.1
health-related fractions
collective term for the fractions of airborne particles (2.1.2.3) penetrating to
different regions of the respiratory tract, i.e. the inhalable, thoracic and respirable fractions
Note 1 to entry: The health-related fractions of airborne particles are specified in ISO 7708.
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.3.1, modified — citation in Note 1 to entry changed from EN 481 to ISO 7708.]
2.1.3.1.1
inhalable fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles (2.1.2.4) which is inhaled through the nose and mouth
Note 1 to entry: The inhalable fraction depends on the speed and direction of the air movement, on the rate of
breathing and other factors.
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.3]
2.1.3.1.2
extrathoracic fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles (2.1.2.4) which fail to penetrate beyond the larynx
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.5, modified]
2.1.3.1.3
thoracic fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles (2.1.2.4) which penetrate beyond the larynx
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.7, modified]
2.1.3.1.4
respirable fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles (2.1.2.4) which penetrate to the unciliated airways
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.11, modified]
2.1.3.2
sampling convention
target specification for sampling instruments for a specified airborne particulate fraction
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

2.1.3.2.1
inhalable convention
target specification for sampling instruments when the inhalable fraction (2.1.3.1.1) is the fraction of
interest
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.4]
2.1.3.2.2
extrathoracic convention
target specification for sampling instruments when the extrathoracic fraction (2.1.3.1.2) is the fraction
of interest
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.6, modified — “the fraction” added before “of interest” for consistency of
wording.]
2.1.3.2.3
thoracic convention
target specification for sampling instruments when the thoracic fraction (2.1.3.1.3) is the fraction of
interest
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.8, modified — “the fraction” added before “of interest” for consistency of
wording.]
2.1.3.2.4
respirable convention
target specification for sampling instruments when the respirable fraction (2.1.3.1.4) is the fraction of
interest
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.12, modified — “the fraction” added before “of interest” for consistency of
wording.]
2.1.4 Aerosols
2.1.4.1
aerosol
airborne particles (2.1.2.3) and the gas (a
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2018
Zrak na delovnem mestu - Terminologija
Workplace air - Terminology
Qualité de l'air - Terminologie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 18158:2016
ICS:
01.040.13 Okolje. Varovanje zdravja. Environment. Health
Varnost (Slovarji) protection. Safety
(Vocabularies)
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18158
First edition
2016-03-01
Workplace air — Terminology
Qualité de l’air — Terminologie
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms and definitions . 1
2.1 General terms . 1
2.1.1 Agents . 1
2.1.2 Air pollutants . 1
2.1.3 Health-related fractions and conventions . 2
2.1.4 Aerosols . 3
2.1.5 Exposure assessment . 5
2.1.6 Other terms . 6
2.2 Terms related to the physical and chemical processes of workplace (air) sampling . 6
2.2.1 Workplace (air) sample. 6
2.2.2 Workplace (air) sampler . 7
2.2.3 Workplace (air) sampling .10
2.3 Terms related to the analytical method .12
2.4 Terms related to method performance .14
2.4.1 Efficiency .14
2.4.2 Uncertainty .14
2.4.3 General statistical terms .17
2.4.4 Other statistical terms . .19
Annex A (informative) Alphabetical index of terms defined .20
Annex B (informative) Additional terms .24
Bibliography .28
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Workplace
atmospheres.
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The health of workers in many industries is at risk through exposure by inhalation of chemical and
biological agents. Industrial hygienists and other public health professionals need to determine the
effectiveness of measures taken to control workers’ exposure and this is generally achieved by making
workplace air measurements.
Many terms that are commonly used in relation to workplace air measurements and exposure
assessments are defined within individual standards or technical documents and are often defined
differently from one standard or document to the next. This creates ambiguities and inconsistencies
in the use of such terms. This International Standard was developed to ensure that commonly used
terms have agreed-upon definitions and to eliminate ambiguities and inconsistencies in their usage. It
will be of benefit to agencies concerned with health and safety at work, industrial hygienists and other
public health professionals, analytical laboratories, industrial users of metals and metalloids and their
workers.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18158:2016(E)
Workplace air — Terminology
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies terms and definitions that are related to the assessment of
workplace exposure (see 2.1.5.1) to chemical and biological agents (see 2.1.1.1). These are either
general terms or are specific to physical and chemical processes of air sampling, the analytical method
(see 2.3.3), or method performance.
The terms included are those that have been identified as being fundamental because their definition is
necessary to avoid ambiguity and ensure consistency of use.
This International Standard is applicable to all International Standards, ISO Technical Reports, ISO
Technical Specifications, and ISO Guides related to workplace atmospheres.
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 General terms
2.1.1 Agents
2.1.1.1
biological agent
one of a number of agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and other micro-organisms or parts of them
and their associated toxins, including those which have been genetically modified, cell cultures or
endoparasites which are potentially hazardous to human health
Note 1 to entry: Dusts of organic origin, for example, cotton dust, flour dust and wood dust, are not considered to
be biological agents and are therefore not covered by this definition.
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.1.1, modified — Added “one of a number of agents such as” to definition and
changed “pollen” to “cotton dust”.]
2.1.1.2
chemical agent
chemical element or compound on its own or admixed as it occurs in the natural state or as produced,
used, or released, including release as waste, by any work activity, whether or not produced intentionally
and whether or not placed on the market
[SOURCE: Council Directive 98/24/EC, Art. 2 a]
2.1.2 Air pollutants
2.1.2.1
air pollutant
material emitted into the atmosphere either by human activity or natural processes and adversely
affecting humans or the environment
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.1, modified — Changed “man” to “humans”.]
2.1.2.2
airborne dust
finely divided matter, in solid form, dispersed in air
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.2]
2.1.2.3
airborne particles
fine matter, in solid or liquid form, dispersed in air
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.3, modified — Note 1 to entry deleted.]
2.1.2.4
total airborne particles
airborne particles (2.1.2.3) present in a given volume of air
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.6, modified — Added “present” after “particles”.]
2.1.2.5
vapour
gas phase of a substance in a state of equilibrium or disturbed equilibrium with the same substance in
a liquid or solid state below its boiling or sublimation point
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.2.7]
2.1.3 Health-related fractions and conventions
2.1.3.1
health-related fractions
collective term for the fractions of airborne particles (2.1.2.3) penetrating to
different regions of the respiratory tract, i.e. the inhalable, thoracic and respirable fractions
Note 1 to entry: The health-related fractions of airborne particles are specified in ISO 7708.
[SOURCE: EN 1540:2011, 2.3.1, modified — citation in Note 1 to entry changed from EN 481 to ISO 7708.]
2.1.3.1.1
inhalable fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles (2.1.2.4) which is inhaled through the nose and mouth
Note 1 to entry: The inhalable fraction depends on the speed and direction of the air movement, on the rate of
breathing and other factors.
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.3]
2.1.3.1.2
extrathoracic fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles (2.1.2.4) which fail to penetrate beyond the larynx
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.5, modified]
2.1.3.1.3
thoracic fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles (2.1.2.4) which penetrate beyond the larynx
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.7, modified]
2.1.3.1.4
respirable fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles (2.1.2.4) which penetrate to the unciliated airways
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.11, modified]
2.1.3.2
sampling convention
target specification for sampling instruments for a specified airborne particulate fraction
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

2.1.3.2.1
inhalable convention
target specification for sampling instruments when the inhalable fraction (2.1.3.1.1) is the fraction of
interest
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.4]
2.1.3.2.2
extrathoracic convention
target specification for sampling instruments when the extrathoracic fraction (2.1.3.1.2) is the fraction
of interest
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.6, modified — “the fraction” added before “of interest” for consistency of
wording.]
2.1.3.2.3
thoracic convention
target specification for sampling instruments when the thoracic fraction (2.1.3.1.3) is the fraction of
interest
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.8, modified — “the fraction” added before “of interest” for consistency of
wording.]
2.1.3.2.4
respirable convention
target specification for sampling instruments when the respirable fraction (2.1.3.1.4) is the fraction of
interest
[SOURCE: ISO 7708:1995, 2.12, modified — “the fraction” added before “of interest” for consistency of
wording.]
2.1.4 Aerosols
2.1.4.1
aerosol
airborne particles (2.1.2.3) and the ga
...