KAZ - Air quality

This document specifies a sampling method to determine the quantity of formaldehyde (HCHO) in the air with the range of approximately 1 µg/m3 to 1 mg/m3 in a time-weighted average (TWA) sample, for long-term (1 h to 24 h) and short-term (5 min to 60 min) sampling. This method involves the collection of compounds from air on to adsorbent cartridges coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and subsequent analysis of the hydrazones formed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with detection by ultraviolet absorption  [7] [8].
This document can also be applied for the determination of at least 12 other aromatic as well as saturated and unsaturated aliphatic carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones), with modification, such as:
— acetaldehyde;
— acetone;
— benzaldehyde;
— butyraldehyde;
— capronaldehyde;
— 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde;
— formaldehyde;
— isovaleraldehyde;
— propionaldehyde;
— m-tolualdehyde;
— o-tolualdehyde;
— p-tolualdehyde;
— valeraldehyde.
This document does not apply to longer chained or unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as acrolein. An alternative sampling method using sorbent tubes and analysis by thermal desorption using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is given in Annex A.

This document establishes the terms and symbols used to report the results of air quality measurements.
NOTE General guidance on the International System of Units is given in the ISO 80000 series.

This document defines and describes the methodology to calculate Modelling Quality Indicators (MQI) and determine fulfilment of the Modelling Quality Objectives (MQO). MQO are provided to help ensure that modelling-based assessments of air quality in the context of the ambient air quality directive [1] are objective and comparable, and of sufficient quality to obtain reliable information about concentrations of air pollutants in ambient air. The method uses measurement uncertainty and a level of stringency as a benchmark for the acceptable level of difference between modelled and measured values.
This document concerns the performance of an entire modelling system therefore the term “modelling quality objectives” is used rather than “model quality objectives”. This document concerns the use of modelling results for assessment as specified in [2]. Such modelling systems aim to capture both the spatial and temporal variability of the environmental indicator under assessment in the modelling domain. This document establishes a method to determine if the results of a modelling system fulfil the MQO and therefore reach an adequate data quality level within the modelling domain defined for assessment.
The procedures described in this document are limited in scope as they concern only statistical performance indicators. A full evaluation of a modelling system considers additional elements of quality assurance, but such procedures are outside the scope of this document.
This document only addresses modelling applications where measurements of pollutant concentrations are available that meet the data requirements for the validation defined in this document. This document specifies MQO that are applicable to all concentration ranges that may occur in ambient air. In the context of this document, MQI and MQO are specified for:
-   daily and annual averaged concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less or equal to 2,5 µm (PM2.5);
-   daily and annual averaged concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less or equal to 10 µm (PM10);
-   hourly, daily and annual averaged concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2);
-   maximum daily 8-hour mean and seasonal averaged concentrations of ozone (O3);
-   hourly, daily and annual averaged concentrations of sulphur dioxide (SO2);
-   maximum daily 8-hour mean and daily averaged concentrations for carbon monoxide (CO);
-   annual averaged concentrations for benzene (C6H6);
-   annual averaged concentrations for lead (Pb);
-   annual averaged concentrations for arsenic (As);
-   annual averaged concentrations for cadmium (Cd);
-   annual averaged concentrations for nickel (Ni);
-   annual averaged concentrations for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP).
This document addresses competent authorities, research institutions, consultants, or other bodies responsible for the performance of air quality modelling when applied for assessment purposes.
NOTE   Fulfilment of MQO is either normative or informative, depending on the quality of information used to determine the uncertainty parameters and stringency factors set out in this document.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the time-weighted average mass concentration of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid in workplace air by ion chromatography. The anions are detected by conductivity.
The method is applicable to the personal sampling of airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, and to static (area) sampling.
The method does not apply to the determination of sulfur trioxide.
The procedure does not differentiate between the acids and their corresponding salts if both are present in the workplace air.
The procedure does not differentiate between phosphoric acid and diphosphorus pentoxide (phosphoric anhydride) if both are present in the workplace air.

This document specifies a test method for the sampling and analysis of airborne organic isocyanate (NCO) compounds in workplace air. The method covers organic compounds containing free isocyanate functional groups, including monomeric, oligomeric, prepolymeric and polymeric isocyanates, and addresses the measurement of total isocyanate groups in air samples collected for the assessment of occupational exposure.
The method is suitable for personal air sampling in the breathing zone for the determination of time-weighted average concentrations over sampling periods ranging from approximately 10 min to 8 h, although it can be applied to shorter sampling periods with high isocyanate air levels. It can also be used for background or fixed-location air sampling; however, due to aerodynamic effects, samplers designed for personal sampling do not necessarily exhibit the same collection characteristics when used for other purposes. It covers the measurement of airborne organic isocyanates over a concentration range of approximately 0,1 μg/m3 to 140 μg/m3 for a nominal air sample volume of 15 l; under the conditions specified in this document, typical qualitative and quantitative detection limits correspond to approximately 0,07 μg/m3 a nd 0 ,3 μg/m3, respectively, for a 15 l air sample.
This document does not apply to the simultaneous determination of isocyanates and amines, nor to modified methods employing alternative sampling devices or detection techniques not described in this document.

This document specifies a procedure for the use of quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), including single-quadrupole instruments and tandem ICP-MS/MS, for analysing test solutions prepared from samples of airborne particulate matter collected as specified in ISO 15202-1. Method development, performance checks and a routine analysis method are specified in this document
NOTE 1 Other types of ICP-MS (e.g. magnetic sector) are outside of the scope of this document.
Test solutions for analysis by this document are prepared as specified in ISO 15202-2.
This document is applicable to the assessment of workplace exposure to metals and metalloids for comparison with limit values (e.g. see EN 689[10] and ASTM E1370[8]).
This document is not applicable to the determination of elemental mercury, since mercury vapour is not collected using the sampling method specified in ISO 15202-1.
The procedure specified in this document is suitable for the assessment of exposure against the long-term exposure limits for most of the metals and metalloids for which occupational exposure limit values have been set, when sampling at a typical flow rate of at least 2 l min−1 for sampling times in the range 0,25 h to 8 h and for the assessment of exposure against the short-term exposure limits, where applicable.
NOTE 2 The procedure is subject to no significant spectral interferences (see Clause A.3), provided that suitable analytical isotopes are used. However, inadequate matrix-matching can adversely affect results.

This document specifies a method for the determination of organic isocyanates in workplace air using derivatization with di-n-butylamine (DBA) and chromatographic analysis.
This document is applicable to the determination of a wide range of organic isocyanates present in both the gas phase and the particle phase in workplace atmospheres, including monofunctional isocyanates such as isocyanic acid (ICA), methyl isocyanate (MIC), ethyl isocyanate (EIC), propyl isocyanate (PIC), butyl isocyanate (BIC) and phenyl isocyanate (PhI); monomeric diisocyanates, including 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4′-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), 1,5-naphthyl diisocyanate (NDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI); and multifunctional isocyanates, including oligomeric, prepolymeric and polymeric forms such as biuret-, isocyanurate- and allophanate-adducts.
The method covers air sampling using impingers, filters or combinations thereof, and analysis by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection.
The useful analytical range is approximately 2,5 ng to 500 ng of isocyanate per sample. For a nominal air sample volume of 15 l, this corresponds to approximately 0,2 µg/m3 to 33 µg/m3. These values can vary depending on the isocyanate analysed.
This document does not apply to the determination of amines or aminoisocyanates. For the determination of amines and aminoisocyanates, the method specified in ISO 17734-2[11].

This document specifies the determination of height-resolved profiles of atmospheric backscattering by means of active optical sounding. The measurements allow the following properties of the atmosphere up to several kilometres above ground to be derived:
cloud bases;
upper boundaries of optically thin clouds;
upper and lower boundaries and internal structures of particle layers:
height of structures, e.g. inversions, boundary layer height, mixing layer height (under suitable conditions);
attenuated backscatter of the particles;
particle backscatter and extinction coefficients (requires further assumptions).  
The document also addresses the depolarisation lidar and the use of multi-wavelength systems. This allows further parameters to be determined:
particle size classification (Ångström exponent, colour ratio);
shape classification (linear depolarisation degree).  
The following fields of application are particularly important:
air quality monitoring (vertical structure of the boundary layer);
aviation safety (cloud base and visual range) (see ISO 28902-1[8]);
particle content and transport (e.g. volcanic dust);
weather forecasting and climate modelling (e.g. atmospheric boundary layer, cloud base, cloud microphysics);
satellite remote sensing (validation).  
Examples that illustrate these applications are discussed in Annex A.
The benefits of scanning systems for parameters mentioned above are also discussed in Clause A.7.
In addition, particle backscatter lidars that measure at least two carefully selected wavelengths can be used to determine atmospheric gas concentrations. This is known as the differential absorption lidar “DIAL” technique. This technique is not part of this document and has been described in VDI 4210-1[12].
This document does not specify extended lidar techniques that monitor the following parameters quantitatively: inelastic scattering effects such as, Raman scattering, Doppler broadening, Doppler shift, multiple scattering, modulation techniques, and spectral separation of molecular and particle backscattering [high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL)]. Some of these extended techniques are or will be described in other parts of the ISO 28902 series.  
This document does not address special features of airborne or satellite-borne systems.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the time-weighted average mass concentration of soluble particulate fluorides and hydrofluoric acid (HF) in workplace air by collection of the particulate fluorides on a pre-filter and HF on an alkali-impregnated filter and analysis by ion chromatography.
This method is only applicable to determination of particulate fluorides that are soluble using the sample preparation procedure specified.
For aerosol sampling, this method is applicable to the personal sampling of the inhalable fraction of airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, and to static (area) sampling.
The method is applicable to the determination of masses of 0,005 mg to at least 1,25 mg of particulate fluorides per sample and 0,015 mg to at least 1,2 mg of HF per sample.

This document gives guidelines for the measurements of respirable crystalline silica in air using direct on‑filter or indirect X‑ray diffraction and infrared analysis methods, including quality aspects of the measurements. The scope of this document includes the following crystalline silica polymorphs: quartz and cristobalite.
These guidelines are intended for use in conjunction with the following specific analytical methods under the jurisdiction of ISO TC 146 SC 2: ISO 16258-1, ISO 16258-2, and ISO 19087. When used with any of these documents, this guidance will help to ensure measurement procedures meet the uncertainty requirements stipulated in ISO 20581, to enable the results to be compared to occupational exposure limit values (OELV) in accordance with EN 689[40].
These guidelines are also relevant to the analysis of filters obtained from dustiness measurements in accordance with EN 15051[1] and EN 17289[35].

This document specifies a method for the determination of the time-weighted average mass concentration of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas and hydrochloric acid mist, hydrogen bromide (HBr) vapour and hydrobromic acid mist and nitric acid (HNO3) vapour and mist in workplace air by collection on an alkali-impregnated quartz fibre filter and analysis by ion chromatography.
For mist sampling, this method is applicable to the personal sampling of the inhalable fraction of airborne particles as defined in ISO 7708 and to static (area) sampling.

This document specifies a framework introducing the approaches that can be applied to assess the risks linked to dermal exposure to chemical substances in the workplace. This document provides guidance on the different steps to be taken when performing qualitative and quantitative dermal exposure assessments.
This document is not applicable to inhalation, oral, ocular and mucous membranes exposure, biological agents, wet work and mechanical stressors.

This document specifies procedures for quantification of asbestos mass fractions below approximately 5 %, and for quantitative determination of asbestos in vermiculite, other industrial minerals and commercial products that incorporate these minerals.
This document is applicable to the quantitative analysis of:
a) any material for which the estimate of asbestos mass fraction obtained using ISO 22262-1 is deemed to be of insufficient precision to reliably classify the regulatory status of the material (i.e. whether the material is subject to asbestos regulations in the particular jurisdiction) or for which it is considered necessary to obtain further evidence to demonstrate the absence of asbestos;
b) resilient floor tiles, asphaltic materials, roofing felts and any other materials in which asbestos is embedded in an organic matrix;
c) wall and ceiling plasters, with or without aggregate;
d) vermiculite and commercial products containing vermiculite;
e) mineral powders such as talc, wollastonite, sepiolite, attapulgite (palygorskite), calcite or dolomite, and commercial products containing these minerals.
This document primarily applies to samples in which asbestos has been identified at estimated mass fractions lower than approximately 5 % by sample mass. This document is also applicable to samples that can contain asbestos at low mass fractions incorporated into matrix material such that microscopical examination of the untreated sample is either not possible or unreliable.

This document gives guidance on the procedure for the bioaccumulation of substances liable to cause atmospheric pollution. This is done by using the grass species Lolium multiflorum ssp. italicum designated hereafter as Italian rye-grass. It is an active biomonitoring approach insofar as the plants used are first cultivated in set conditions before being exposed at the monitoring locations in the field. The plants then record any pollution events that occur while they are being exposed, allowing such events to be accurately dated.
The document specifies a method for identification and localization of one or more single pollution sources and the tracking of their "plume" on a local or regional scale. The method described also offers a tool to monitor sites in the long term by the repeated application of a clearly defined procedure and to describe the local or regional air pollution situation.
The method described in this document is applicable to solid and gaseous substances deposited on plants, where they can accumulate on their surface or in their tissues. These substances include sulphur, chloride, fluoride and especially metals as well as low volatile organic and halo-organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), polychlorinated dibenzo dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzo furans (PCDF). It is as well possible to verify pesticides which are used in plant protection products. The range of potential substances can be expanded according to the task at hand and the capabilities of conducting trace analyses and assessment.
The method described in this document allows spatial and temporal comparisons and allows for screening, thus providing a first indication of risk. The results of grass culture studies can suggest risks to biota (e.g. via the food chain) which require further investigation.
The method described in this document does not replace physico-chemical methods of direct measurement or modelling of air pollutants and cannot be replaced by them for its part; it complements them by indicating biological effects.
Potential areas of deployment are:
-   permit procedures related to air pollution legislation;
-   preservation of evidence related to the code for protection from pollution;
-   monitoring of emission sources and performance control;
-   assessment of local-scale emission transport;
-   evidence of causation, e.g. related to environmental liability;
-   air quality maintenance plans/strategies;
-   long-term monitoring of ecological effects of atmospheric depositions;
-   detection and assessment of local, regional, and countrywide effects of atmospheric depositions;
-   assessment of risks for humans and/or animals via the food chain.
This document is of interest to those involved in environmental monitoring.

This document describes the methodology for measuring and characterizing the dustiness of bulk materials that contain or release respirable NOAA or other respirable particles, under standard and reproducible conditions and specifies for that purpose the vortex shaker method.
This document specifies the selection of instruments and devices and the procedures for calculating and presenting the results. It also gives guidelines on the evaluation and reporting of the data.
The methodology described in this document enables:
a)   the measurement of the respirable dustiness mass fraction;
b)   the measurement of the number-based dustiness index of respirable particles in the particle size range from about 10 nm to about 1 µm;
c)   the measurement of the number-based emission rate of respirable particles in the particle size range from about 10 nm to about 1 µm;
d)   the measurement of the number-based particle size distribution of the released respirable aerosol in the particle size range from about 10 nm to 10 µm;
e)   the collection of released airborne particles in the respirable fraction for subsequent observations and analysis by electron microscopy.
This document is applicable to the testing of a wide range of bulk materials including nanomaterials in powder form.
NOTE 1   With slightly different configurations of the method specified in this document, dustiness of a series of carbon nanotubes has been investigated ([5] to [10]). On the basis of this published work, the vortex shaker method is also applicable to nanofibres and nanoplates.
This document is not applicable to millimetre-sized granules or pellets containing nano-objects in either unbound, bound uncoated and coated forms.
NOTE 2   The restrictions with regard to the application of the vortex shaker method on different kinds of nanomaterials result from the configuration of the vortex shaker apparatus as well as from the small size of the test sample required. Eventually, if future work will be able to provide accurate and repeatable data demonstrating that an extension of the method applicability is possible, the intention is to revise this document and to introduce further cases of method application.
NOTE 3   As observed in the pre-normative research project [4], the vortex shaker method specified in this document provides a more energetic aerosolization than the rotating drum, the continuous drop and the small rotating drum methods specified in EN 17199 2 [1], EN 17199 3 [2] and EN 17199 4 [3], respectively. The vortex shaker method can better simulate high energy dust dispersion operations or processes where vibration or shaking is applied or even describe a worst case scenario in a workplace, including the (non-recommended) practice of cleaning contaminated worker coveralls and dry work surfaces with compressed air.
NOTE 4   Currently no classification scheme in terms of dustiness indices or emission rates has been established according to the vortex shaker method. Eventually, when a large number of measurement data has been obtained, the intention is to revise the document and to introduce such a classification scheme, if applicable.

This document specifies the environmental conditions, the sample handling and analytical procedures and the method of calculating and presenting the results. Reasons are given for the need for more than one method and advice is given on the choice of method to be used.
This document establishes a categorization scheme for dustiness to provide a standardized way to express and communicate the results to users of the bulk materials. Details of the scheme for each method are given in EN 15051-2:2025 and EN 15051-3:2025.
This document is applicable to powdered, granular or pelletized bulk materials.
This document does not apply to test the dust released during mechanical reduction of solid bulk materials (e.g. cut, crushed) or to test application procedures for the bulk materials.

This document specifies the continuous drop test apparatus and associated test method for the reproducible production of dust from a bulk material under standard conditions, and the measurement of the inhalable and respirable dustiness mass fractions, with reference to existing documents, where relevant (see Clause 6).
The continuous drop method intends to simulate dust generation processes where there are continuous falling operations (conveying, discharging, filling, refilling, weighing, sacking, metering, loading, unloading etc.) and where dust is liberated by winnowing during falling. It can be modified to measure the thoracic fraction as well, but this modification is not specified in this document. It differs from the rotating drum method presented in EN 15051-2 [4] in that in this document, the bulk material is dropped only once, but continuously, while in EN 15051-2, the same bulk material is repeatedly dropped.
Furthermore, this document specifies the environmental conditions, the sample handling and analytical procedures and the method of calculating and presenting the results. A categorization scheme for dustiness is specified, to provide a standardized way to express and communicate the results to users of the bulk materials.
This document is applicable to powdered, granular or pelletised bulk materials.
This document does not apply to test the dust released when solid bulk materials are mechanically treated (e.g. cut, crushed).

This document specifies the rotating drum test apparatus and associated test method for the
reproducible production of dust from a bulk material under standard conditions, and the measurement
of the inhalable, thoracic and respirable dustiness mass fractions, with reference to existing European
standards, where relevant (see Clause 6).
This method is suitable for general bulk material handling processes, including all those processes where
the bulk material is dropped, or can be dropped. It differs from the continuous drop method presented in EN 15051-3:2025 [4]. In EN 15051-2:2025 the same bulk material is repeatedly dropped, whilst in EN 15051-3:2025, the bulk material is dropped only once, but continuously.
Furthermore, this document specifies the environmental conditions, the sample handling and analytical procedures, and the method of calculating and presenting the results. A categorization scheme for dustiness is specified, to provide a standardized way to express and communicate the results to users of the bulk materials.
This document is applicable to powdered, granular or pelletized bulk materials. A standard sample volume is used.
This document does not apply to test the dust released when solid bulk materials are mechanically reduced (e.g. cut, crushed).

The method described in this document quantifies the absolute exposure to mineral oil vapours and droplets, within a concentration range from 0,5 mg/m3 to 125 mg/m3, in the inhalable fraction of the workplace air.
This document contains comprehensive information and instructions on the equipment and chemicals to be used.
This method is applicable for water soluble oils and metal working fluids.

This document describes a method for the sampling and determining mercury species in flue gas passing through ducts or chimney stacks. Mercury generally exists in gaseous elemental form, gaseous oxidized form and particulate-bound form. This method applies to the sampling and determination of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0), gaseous oxidized mercury (Hg2+), particulate-bound mercury (HgP) and total mercury (HgT) in the flue gas from stationary sources.
This method is suitable at locations with high dust content, including locations upstream of the dust removal device with high particulate loadings in flue gas up to 120 g/m3.
This method is applicable to locations with sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration up to 0,25 % when the sampling volume is 0,5 m3 (on a dry basis as corrected to standard conditions).
The limit of detection and the limit of determination depend on the instrumental limit of detection, reagent blank, field blank, measurement technique and volume of sampled gas. When the sampling volume is 1,5 m3 (on a dry basis as corrected to standard conditions), the expected limits of detection for Hg0, HgP, Hg2+ and HgT are 0,103 μg/m3, 0,011 μg/m3, 0,035 μg/m3 and 0,127 μg/m3, respectively. The expected limits of determination for Hg0, HgP, Hg2+ and HgT are 0,229 μg/m3, 0,025 μg/m3, 0,082 μg/m3 and 0,263 μg/m3, respectively.

This document provides a methodology for calculating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the semiconductor and display industry. This document includes the manufacture of semiconductor devices, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), photovoltaic (PV) devices and displays. This document allows to report GHG emissions for various purposes and on different bases, such as a per-plant basis, per-company basis (by country or by region) or an international group basis. This document addresses all of the following direct and indirect sources of GHG:
— direct GHG emissions [as defined in ISO 14064-1:2018, 5.2.4 a)] from sources that are owned or controlled by the company, such as emissions resulting from the following sources:
— process: fluorinated compound (FC) gases and nitrous oxide (N2O) used in etching and wafer cleaning (EWC), remote plasma cleaning (RPC), in situ plasma cleansing (IPC), in situ thermal cleaning (ITC), N2O thin film deposition (TFD), and other N2O using process;
— fuel combustion related to equipment and on-site vehicles, room heating/cooling;
— fuel combustion of fuels for on-site power generation;
— indirect GHG emissions [as defined in ISO 14064-1:2018, 5.2.4 b)] from the generation of imported electricity, heat or steam consumed by the organization.
Other indirect GHG emissions [as defined in ISO 14064-1:2018, 5.2.4 c) to f)], which are the consequence of an organization’s activities, but arise from GHG sources that are owned or controlled by other organizations, are excluded from this document.

This document specifies a method for the sampling of NO2 in ambient air using diffusive sampling followed by extraction and analysis by colourimetry or ion chromatography (IC). It can be used for the NO2 measurement in a concentration range of approximately 3 µg/m3 to 130 µg/m3 [12]. A sample is typically collected for a period of 1 to 4 weeks [14], with exposure periods depending on the design of the samplers and the concentration levels of NO2.
Several sorbents can be used for trapping NO2 in ambient air using a diffusive sampler [15]. This document specifies the application of triethanolamine as the reagent.
This document describes the application of a tube-type sampler (with either a cylindrical or a slightly conical tube), a badge-type sampler and a radial-type sampler.
The relative expanded uncertainty of NO2 measurements performed using these tube-type diffusive samplers can potentially be lower than 25 % for individual measurements. When aggregating results to form annual average values, the relative expanded uncertainty can be further reduced to levels below 15 % due to the reduction of random effects on uncertainty [9].
NOTE   NO2 passive samplers are also employed to measure NOx with the addition of an oxidant to convert ambient NO into NO2. A second NO2 sampler is also deployed without the oxidant and the concentration of NO is determined from the difference of the two samplers [16].

This document specifies a manual reference method for the determination of the mass concentration of specific elements in stationary source emissions. The method is applicable to each of the specific elements in the concentration range of 0,005 mg/m3 to 5 mg/m3.
This document has been validated for the determination of the mass concentration of metals in incineration exhaust gases - applying the performance criteria stated in Clause 9 - for the following elements:
-   arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), thallium (Tl), and vanadium (V) and their compounds.
The document can be used to determine metals other than those listed above (for example, selenium (Se) (ISO 17211), tellurium (Te), beryllium (Be), tin (Sn) and zinc (Zn)).
NOTE 1   These other metals mentioned above are commonly required by National Regulations, but this document currently has not yet been validated for these metals.
The document was validated for waste incinerators, but it is also applicable to other industrial processes, the practical experience shows that it can be applied over wide concentration ranges and various emission sources.
If mercury is intended to be determined as well, this can be sampled in a side stream arrangement of the sampling train (EN 13211) [5].
NOTE 2   This document has been validated with the described materials, equipment, sampling, and digestion performances etc., followed by analyses with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES,) or inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This does not exclude the use of other types of equipment or analyses that meet the requirements and have been proven to be equivalent to the described European Standard.

This document provides rules for workplace sampling and the sample analysis for the determination and characterization of airborne NOAA for electron microscopy and includes:
-   the choice of appropriate samplers and their use for the determination and characterization (e.g. classification of structures and morphology) of airborne NOAA using electron microscopic methods (SEM and (S)TEM);
-   counting rules and criteria for the determination and characterization (e.g. classification of structures, chemical composition and morphology) of airborne NOAA using electron microscopic methods (SEM and (S)TEM), especially for nanofibres and platelets.
This document is based on extensive laboratory tests for airborne NOAA, in particular those released during the handling of engineered nanomaterials.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the mass concentration of particulate cadmium and cadmium compounds in workplace air, using either flame or electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
The sample digestion procedure specified in 10.2.2 has been validated for a selection of cadmium compounds and pigments and glass enamels containing cadmium.
The analytical method has been validated for the determination of masses of 10 ng to 600 ng of cadmium per sample using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, and 0,15 µg to 96 µg of cadmium per sample using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentration range for cadmium in air for which this procedure is applicable is determined in part by the sampling procedure selected by the user.
The method is applicable to personal sampling of the inhalable or respirable fraction of airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, and to stationary sampling.

This European Standard specifies a continuous measurement method for the determination of the concentration of carbon monoxide present in ambient air based on the non-dispersive infrared spectroscopic measuring principle.
This standard describes the performance characteristics and sets the relevant minimum criteria required to select an appropriate non-dispersive infrared spectroscopic analyser by means of type approval tests. It also includes the evaluation of the suitability of an analyser for use in a specific fixed site so as to meet the data quality requirements as specified in Annex I of Directive 2008/50/EC [1] and requirements during sampling, calibration and quality assurance for use.
The method is applicable to the determination of the mass concentration of carbon monoxide present in ambient air up to 100 mg/m3 carbon monoxide. This concentration range represents the certification range for the type approval test.
NOTE 1 Other ranges may be used depending on the levels present in ambient air.
NOTE 2 When the standard is used for other purposes than for measurements required by Directive 2008/50/EC, the ranges and uncertainty requirements may not apply.
The method covers the determination of ambient air concentrations of carbon monoxide in zones classified as rural areas, urban-background areas and traffic-orientated locations and locations influenced by industrial sources.
The results are expressed in mg/m3 (at 20 °C and 101,3 kPa).
NOTE 3 100 mg/m3 of CO corresponds to 86 μmol/mol of CO.
This standard contains information for different groups of users.
Clauses 5 to 7 and Annexes B, C and D contain general information about the principles of carbon monoxide measurement by non-dispersive infrared spectroscopic analyser and sampling equipment.
Clause 8 and Annex E are specifically directed towards test houses and laboratories that perform type-approval testing of carbon monoxide analysers. These sections contain information about:
− type-approval test conditions, test procedures and test requirements;
− analyser performance requirements;
− evaluation of the type-approval test results;
− evaluation of the uncertainty of the measurement results of the carbon monoxide analyser based on the type approval test results.
Clauses 9 to 11 and Annex F are directed towards monitoring networks performing the practical measurements of carbon monoxide in ambient air. These sections contain information about:
− initial installation of the analyser in the monitoring network and acceptance testing;
− ongoing quality assurance/quality control;
− calculation and reporting of measurement results;
− evaluation of the uncertainty of measurement results under practical monitoring conditions.

This document specifies a continuous measurement method for the determination of the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen monoxide present in ambient air based on the chemiluminescence measuring principle. This document describes the performance characteristics and sets the relevant minimum criteria required to select an appropriate chemiluminescence analyser by means of type testing. It also includes the evaluation of the suitability of an analyser for use in a specific fixed site so as to meet the data quality requirements as specified in Annex I of Directive 2008/50/EC [1] and requirements during sampling, calibration and quality assurance for use.
The method is applicable to the determination of the concentration of nitrogen dioxide present in ambient air up to 500 µg/m3. This concentration range represents the certification range for nitrogen dioxide for type testing.
The method is applicable to the determination of the concentration of nitrogen monoxide present in ambient air up to 1 200 µg/m3. This concentration range represents the certification range for nitrogen monoxide for the type testing.
NOTE 1   It is possible to use other ranges depending on the levels present in ambient air.
NOTE 2   When this document is used for purposes other than for measurements required by Directive2008/50/EC, the ranges and uncertainty requirements possibly do not apply.
The method covers the determination of ambient air concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen monoxide in zones classified as rural areas, urban-background areas, traffic-orientated locations and locations influenced by industrial sources.
The results are expressed in µg/m3 (at 20 °C and 101,3 kPa).
NOTE 3   500 µg/m3 of nitrogen dioxide corresponds to 261 nmol/mol of nitrogen dioxide at 20 °C and 101,3 kPa. 1 200 µg/m3 of nitrogen monoxide corresponds to 962 nmol/mol of nitrogen monoxide at 20 °C and 101,3 kPa.
This document contains information for different groups of users.
Clause 5 to Clause 7 and Annex B and Annex C contain general information about the principles of NOx measurement by chemiluminescence analyser and sampling equipment.
Clause 8 and Annex E are specifically directed towards test houses and laboratories that perform type testing of NOx analysers. These sections contain information about:
—   type testing conditions, test procedures and test requirements;
—   analyser performance requirements;
—   evaluation of the type testing results;
—   evaluation of the uncertainty of the measurement results of the NOx analyser based on the type testing results.
Clause 9 to Clause 11 and Annex F and Annex G are directed towards monitoring networks performing the practical measurements of NOx in ambient air. These sections contain information about:
—   initial installation of the analyser in the monitoring network and acceptance testing;
—   ongoing quality assurance/quality control;
—   calculation and reporting of measurement results;
—   evaluation of the uncertainty of measurement results under practical monitoring conditions.
This document represents an evolution of earlier editions (EN 14211:2005 and EN 14211:2012). It is advisable that when equipment is procured it complies fully with this document.
NOTE 4   Type testing performed prior to the publication of this document for the purpose of demonstrating equivalence are still valid.
NOTE 5   Analysers type tested prior to the publication of this document remain valid for use for regulated monitoring purposes.

This European Standard specifies a continuous measurement method for the determination of the concentrations of ozone present in ambient air based on the ultraviolet photometric measuring principle. This standard describes the performance characteristics and sets the relevant minimum criteria required to select an appropriate ultraviolet photometric analyser by means of type approval tests. It also includes the evaluation of the suitability of an analyser for use in a specific fixed site so as to meet the data quality requirements as specified in Annex I of Directive 2008/50/EC [1] and requirements during sampling, calibration and quality assurance for use.
The method is applicable to the determination of the concentration of ozone present in ambient air up to 500 μg/m3.
This concentration range represents the certification range for ozone for the type approval test.
NOTE 1 Other ranges may be used for measurement systems applied at rural locations monitoring ecosystems.
NOTE 2 When the standard is used for other purposes than Directive 2008/50/EC, the ranges and uncertainty requirements may not apply.
The method covers the determination of ambient air concentrations of ozone in zones classified as rural areas, urban and urban-background areas.
The results are expressed in μg/m3 (at 20 °C and 101,3 kPa).
NOTE 3 500 μg/m3 of O3 corresponds to 250 nmol/mol of O3 at 20 °C and 101,3 kPa.
This standard contains information for different groups of users.
Clauses 5 to 7 and Annexes B and C contain general information about the principles of ozone measurement by ultraviolet photometric analyser and sampling equipment.
Clause 8 and Annex E are specifically directed towards test houses and laboratories that perform type-approval testing of ozone analysers. These sections contain information about:
− type-approval test conditions, test procedures and test requirements;
− analyser performance requirements;
− evaluation of the type-approval test results;
− evaluation of the uncertainty of the measurement results of the ozone analyser based on the type-approval test results.
Clauses 9 to 11 and Annexes F and G are directed towards monitoring networks performing the practical
measurements of ozone in ambient air. These sections contain information about:
− initial installation of the analyser in the monitoring network and acceptance testing;
− ongoing quality assurance/quality control;
− calculation and reporting of measurement results;
− evaluation of the uncertainty of measurement results under practical monitoring conditions.

This document specifies a method for the determination of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in flue gases of stationary sources and describes the fundamental structure and the key performance characteristics of automated measuring systems.
The method allows continuous monitoring with permanently installed measuring systems of SO2 emissions.
This document describes extractive systems and in situ (non-extractive) systems in connection with a range of analysers that operate using, for example, the following principles:
— non-dispersive infrared absorption (NDIR);
— Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy;
— laser spectroscopic technique or tunable laser spectroscopy (TLS);
— non-dispersive ultraviolet absorption (NDUV);
— differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS).
Other equivalent instrumental methods can be used provided they meet the minimum performance requirements specified in this document. The measuring system can be validated with reference materials, according to this document, or comparable methods.
Automated measuring system (AMS) based on the principles listed above has been used successfully in this application for the measuring ranges as shown in Annex E.

This document specifies a continuous measurement method for the determination of the concentration of sulfur dioxide present in ambient air based on the ultraviolet fluorescence measuring principle. This document describes the performance characteristics and sets the relevant minimum criteria required to select an appropriate ultraviolet fluorescence analyser by means of type testing. It also includes the evaluation of the suitability of an analyser for use in a specific fixed site so as to meet the data quality requirements as specified in Annex I of Directive 2008/50/EC [1] and requirements during sampling, calibration and quality assurance for use.
The method is applicable to the determination of the mass concentration of sulphur dioxide present in ambient air up to 1000 µg/m3. This concentration range represents the certification range for sulfur dioxide for type testing.
NOTE 1   It is possible to use other ranges depending on the levels present in ambient air.
NOTE 2   When this document is used for purposes other than for measurements required by Directive 2008/50/EC, the ranges and uncertainty requirements possibly do not apply.
The method covers the determination of ambient air concentrations of sulfur dioxide in locations classified as rural areas, urban-background areas, and for sampling influenced by traffic or industrial sources.
The results are expressed in µg/m3 (at 20 °C and 101,3 kPa).
NOTE 3   1 000 µg/m3 of SO2 corresponds to 376 nmol/mol of SO2.
This document contains information for different groups of users.
Clause 5 to Clause 7 and Annex C and Annex D contain general information about the principles of sulfur dioxide measurement by ultraviolet fluorescence analyser and sampling equipment.
Clause 8 and Annex E are specifically directed towards test houses and laboratories that perform type testing of sulfur dioxide analysers. These sections contain information about:
—   type testing conditions, test procedures and test requirements;
—   analyser performance requirements;
—   evaluation of the type testing results;
—   evaluation of the uncertainty of the measurement results of the sulfur dioxide analyser based on the type testing results.
Clause 9 to Clause 11 and Annex F and Annex G are directed towards monitoring networks performing the practical measurements of sulfur dioxide in ambient air. These sections contain information about:
—   initial installation of the analyser in the monitoring network and acceptance testing;
—   ongoing quality assurance/quality control;
—   calculation and reporting of measurement results;
—   evaluation of the uncertainty of the measurement results under practical monitoring conditions.
This document represents an evolution of earlier editions (EN 14212:2005 and EN 14212:2012). It is advisable that when equipment is procured it complies fully with this document.
NOTE 4   Type testing performed prior to the publication of this document for the purpose of demonstrating equivalence are still valid.
NOTE 5   Analysers type tested prior to the publication of this document remain valid for use for regulated monitoring purposes.

This document specifies the sampling and analysis of phthalates in indoor air and describes the sampling and analysis of phthalates in house dust and in solvent wipe samples of surfaces by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Two alternative sampling, sample preparation and sample introduction methods, whose comparability has been proven in an interlaboratory test, are specified for indoor air[1]:
— sorbent tubes sampling with subsequent thermal desorption GC-MS, and
— sampling by adsorption and subsequent solvent extraction and injection to GC-MS.
Additional adsorbents that can be used are described in Annex B.
Depending on the sampling method, the compounds dimethyl phthalate to diisoundecylphthalate can be analysed in house dust as described in Annex D. The investigation of house dust samples is only appropriate as a screening method. This investigation only results in indicative values and is not acceptable for a final assessment of a potential need for action.
Dimethyl phthalate to diisoundecylphthalate can be analysed in solvent wipe samples as described in Annex C. Solvent wipe samples are suitable for non-quantitative source identification.
NOTE In principle, the method is also suitable for the analysis of other phthalates, adipates and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid esters, but this is confirmed by determination of the performance characteristics in each case.
General information on phthalates are given in Annex A.

This document specifies the standard reference method (SRM) for the measurement of low dust concentration in ducted gaseous streams in the concentrations below 50 mg/m3 at standard conditions.
This document is primarily developed and validated for gaseous streams emitted by waste incinerators. More generally, it can be applied to gases emitted from other stationary sources, and to higher concentrations.
If the gases contain unstable, reactive or semi-volatile substances, the measurement depends on the sampling and filter treatment conditions.
This method has been validated in field tests with special emphasis to dust concentrations around 5 mg/m3. The results of the field tests are presented in Annex A.

This document gives guidelines on the use, calibration and evaluation of low-cost optical particulate matter sensor modules and systems for workplace exposure assessments.
This document is based on extensive laboratory and workplace tests for airborne NOAA.
This document is particularly aimed at engineered NOAA at workplaces and the sensors’ applicability for process control of NOAA-producing plants via airborne particle concentration measurements in workplace air.
NOTE   This document is also applicable to other airborne particles included in some of the tests during the prenormative research.

This document specifies a process for the electrical diffusion charging of aerosols with subsequent measurement of particle charge. With the aid of this method, it is possible to determine the lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) concentration of particles in ambient air. Depending on the design of the electrical diffusion charger, the LDSA of particles in the size range of approximately 20 nm to approximately 300 nm is measurable.
Furthermore, this document specifies design criteria for LDSA measuring aerosol monitors as well as performance criteria and the associated test procedures. The performance criteria depend on the application and they are more stringent when the instrument is operated in an air quality monitoring station.
In the determination of the LDSA concentration, the share of geometric particle surface area concentration is determined that can be deposited in the alveolar region of the human lung. Typical particle surface area concentrations with alveolar deposition measured in urban areas range from 5 µm2/cm3 to 50 µm2/cm3.
Instruments based on this measurement principle can be designed to be very compact with a low power consumption. This makes them ideally suited for handheld measurements, other forms of mobile application or to measure personal exposure. On the other hand, they can be easily adapted to serve as a stationary instrument in air quality monitoring stations.

This document specifies the general principles, including testing procedures and requirements, for the classification of performance of low-cost sensor systems for the monitoring of particulate matter in ambient air at fixed sites. The classification of sensor systems includes tests that are performed under prescribed conditions. It does not guarantee performance in locations that are different from the tests, variations in meteorological climate from the test programme or account for stability over time, which can only be assessed under ongoing quality control strategies.
The described procedure is applicable to the determination of the mass concentration of particulate matter. The pollutants that are considered in this document are PM10 and PM2,5 in the range of concentrations expected in ambient air.
This document provides a classification that is consistent with the requirements for indicative measurements and objective estimation defined in Directive 2008/50/EC. In addition, it provides a classification for applications (non-regulatory measurements) that require more relaxed performance criteria.
This document applies to sensor systems used as individual systems. It does not apply to sensor systems as part of a sensor network. However, for some applications (e.g. in cities) sensor systems are deployed as part of a sensor network. Annex A provides information on the use of sensor systems as nodes in a sensor network.

This document specifies a general laboratory test method for the determination of the area specific emission rate of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from samples of newly produced building products or furnishing under defined climate conditions. The method can also, in principle, be applied to samples of aged products. The emission data obtained can be used to calculate concentrations in a model room (see Table B.1).
This document is applicable to various emission test chambers used for the determination of the emission of VOCs from building products or furnishing.
This document is also applicable to samples of wood-based panels and other building products, in order to determine the emission rate of formaldehyde.
NOTE            In principle, this document can be applied to the study of any gas phase emissions from samples of building products and furnishing.

This document provides definitions of the quantities measured by various candidate methods, their basic principles, and their advantages and disadvantages.
Currently no traceable primary reference materials are available for EC and OC analyses. This document provides guidance to test the equivalence between candidate methods and EN 16909 for EC and/or OC determination(s), based on EN 16450.

This document specifies a standard method for determining the particle number concentration in ambient air in a range up to about 107 cm–3 for averaging times equal to or larger than 1 min. The standard method is based on a Condensation Particle Counter (CPC) operated in the counting mode and an appropriate dilution system for concentrations exceeding the counting mode range. It also defines the performance characteristics and the minimum requirements of the instruments to be used. The lower and upper sizes considered within this document are 10 nm and a few micrometres, respectively. This document gives guidance on sampling, operation, data processing and QA/QC procedures including calibration parameters.

This document specifies a measurement method based on an automatic method for determination of the mass concentration of formaldehyde in ducts and stacks emitting to the atmosphere. It specifies the sampling and gas conditioning system. Furthermore, it specifies the characteristics to be determined and the performance criteria to be fulfilled by portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) using appropriate techniques to measure formaldehyde.
This method is intended for intermittent monitoring of formaldehyde emissions as well as for the calibration and validation of automated formaldehyde measuring systems.
The analyser is calibrated using test gases produced by a test gas generator.

This document specifies the sampling procedures, transport conditions, storage and substrate used that can affect emissions of volatile organic compounds for three types of building products or furnishing: solid, liquid and combined. For individual products, the preparation of a test specimen for each type is specified.

This document specifies a chromatographic method for the determination of levoglucosan in aqueous or organic extracts of filter samples collected in accordance with EN 12341:2023 [5]. The method has been tested for concentrations of ca. 10 ng/m3 up to ca. 3 000 ng/m3 with a sampling duration of 24 h. The procedure is also suitable for the determination of galactosan and mannosan.
Depending on the analysis instrumentation used, the carbohydrates inositol, glycerol, threitol/erythritol, xylitol, arabitol, sorbitol, mannitol, threalose, mannose, glucose, galactose and fructose can also be determined. However, no performance characteristics are given for these compounds in this document.

This document specifies the performance criteria and test procedures for the performance test of stationary automated measuring systems (AMS) that continuously measure gases and particulate matter in, and flow of, the waste gas from stationary sources.
This document supports the requirements of particular EU Directives. It provides the detailed procedures covering the QAL1 requirements of EN 14181 and, where required, input data used in QAL3.

This document gives general guidance for the sampling and analysis of benzene in air by pumped sampling, thermal desorption and capillary gas chromatography.
This document is in accordance with the generic methodology selected as the basis of the European Union reference method for the determination of benzene in ambient air [1] for the purpose of comparison of measurement results with limit values with a one-year reference period.
This document is valid for the measurement of benzene in a concentration range of approximately 0,5 μg/m3 to 50 μg/m3. Air samples are typically collected over periods ranging from a few hours to 7 days.
The upper limit of the useful range is set by the sorptive capacity (the safe sampling volume) of the sorbent and by the linear dynamic range of the gas chromatograph column and detector or by the sample splitting capacity of the analytical instrumentation used. The lower limit of the useful range depends on the noise level of the detector and on blank levels of benzene and/or interfering artefacts on the sorbent. Artefacts are typically sub ng for graphitised carbon sorbents, but higher levels of aromatic hydrocarbons have been noted in other sorbents - e.g. porous polymers. The detection limit will be approximately 1/10 of the lower concentration range.
This document provides general guidance for the sampling of benzene using either a single sampler, which is changed manually after every exposure period, or a multi-sampler capable of storing and exposing multiple samples without user intervention.

This document specifies the general performance criteria and test procedures for the performance test of portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) used for periodic measurements of stationary source emissions. It applies to the performance test of P-AMS based on measurement techniques specified by the standard reference method (SRM) or an alternative method (AM).
The performance test is based on the general performance criteria and test procedures specified in this document and on the specific requirements specified for the SRM or AM. This includes testing of the applicability and correct implementation of the QA/QC procedures specified for the SRM or AM.
This document supports the requirements of particular EU Directives.

Ta tehnična specifikacija določa zahteve za prve, občasne in izredne meritve emisije iz malih kurilnih
naprav na trdna goriva v skladu s predpisom, ki ureja emisijo snovi v zrak iz malih kurilnih naprav, ter s
predpisom, ki ureja preglede, čiščenje in meritve pri malih kurilnih napravah. Tehnična specifikacija se
uporablja za ugotavljanje emisije, vključno z meritvami prahu, iz navedenih naprav. Poleg tega so
opisane tudi kontrolne aktivnosti, povezane z napravo in obratovanjem, ki morajo biti predhodno
izvedene, da se zagotovi ustrezen postopek merjenja emisije.
Dodatek A obravnava posebnosti pri kurilnih napravah na trdna goriva za ogrevanje posameznega
prostora, imenovanih enosobne male kurilne naprave.
Dodatek B vsebuje vzorec zapisnika o meritvah emisije na enosobnih malih kurilnih napravah.
Merila za razvrščanje enosobnih malih kurilnih naprav na trdna goriva so navedena v dodatku C.

This document specifies a method for the determination of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in flue gas of stationary sources and describes the fundamental structure and the key performance characteristics of automated measuring systems.
The method allows continuous monitoring with permanently installed measuring systems of NOx emissions.
This document describes extractive systems and in situ (non-extractive) systems in connection with a range of analysers that operate using, for example, the following principles:
— chemiluminescence (CL);
— infrared absorption (NDIR);
— Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy;
— ultraviolet absorption (NDUV);
— differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS);
Other equivalent instrumental methods such as laser spectroscopic techniques can be used provided they meet the minimum performance requirements specified in this document. The measuring system can be validated with reference materials, in accordance with this document, or comparable methods.
Automated measuring system (AMS) based on the principles listed above has been used successfully in this application for the measuring ranges as shown in Annex F.