SIST ISO 12219-3:2013

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12219-3
First edition
2012-06-15
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 3:
Screening method for the determination
of the emissions of volatile organic
compounds from vehicle interior parts and
materials — Micro-scale chamber method
Air intérieur des véhicules routiers —
Partie 3: Méthode de criblage pour la détermination des émissions de
composés organiques volatils des parties et matériaux intérieurs des
véhicules — Méthode de la micro-chambre
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Test conditions . 3
6.1 Temperature . 4
6.2 Air or gas flow rate through the micro-scale chamber . 4
6.3 Quality of supplied air or gas and background concentration of organic vapours . 4
6.4 Control measures . 4
7 Test specimens . 4
7.1 General . 4
7.2 Preparation of the test specimen . 5
8 Cleaning micro-scale chamber components . 5
9 Test method . 5
9.1 Sampling media . 5
9.2 Measuring background concentrations . 6
9.3 Vapour sampling . 6
9.4 Sealing the vapour sampling devices after gas sample collection . 6
9.5 Analysis of vapour sampling devices . 6
9.6 Storage of the test specimen between emissions tests (if required) . 6
9.7 Cleaning the micro-scale chamber after use . 6
10 Calculation of vapour concentrations and specific emission rates . 7
11 Test report . 8
12 Quality assurance/quality control . 9
Annex A (informative) Micro-scale chamber principles .10
Annex B (informative) Micro-scale chamber — Example 1 .12
Annex C (informative) Micro-scale chamber — Example 2 .14
Annex D (informative) Micro-scale chamber — Example 3 .16
Annex E (informative) Assessment of VOC recoveries .18
Annex F (informative) Calculation of specific emission rates from micro-scale chamber
air concentration .19
Bibliography .21
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12219-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air, in
collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles.
ISO 12219 consists of the following parts, under the general title Interior air of road vehicles:
— Part 1: Whole vehicle test chamber — Specification and method for the determination of volatile organic
compounds in cabin interiors
— Part 2: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from
vehicle interior parts and materials — Bag method
— Part 3: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from
vehicle interior parts and materials — Micro-scale chamber method
— Part 4: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from
vehicle interior parts and materials — Small chamber method
The following part is under preparation:
— Part 5: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from
vehicle interior parts and materials — Static chamber method
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are widely used in industry and may be emitted by many everyday products
and materials. They have attracted attention in recent years because of their impact on indoor air quality. After
homes and workplaces, people spend a lot of time in their vehicles. It is important to determine the material
emissions of interior parts and to reduce them to an acceptable level, if required. Therefore it is necessary
to obtain comprehensive and reliable information about the types of organic compounds in the interior air of
vehicles and also their concentrations.
Monitoring emissions from vehicle trim components can be performed in several ways and the approach selected
depends upon the desired outcome and the material type. For example, to obtain emissions data from complete
assemblies (e.g. a dashboard or seat), it is necessary to employ emissions chambers or bags that have sufficient
volume to house the complete assembly (typically >1 m ). Such tests may take several hours or even days to
perform, depending on specified equilibration times and the requirements of the relevant test protocol.
This part of ISO 12219 outlines a method of measuring the types and levels of VOCs emitted using micro-scale
chambers (References [2]–[4]). These allow qualitative and semiquantitative screening of product emissions
after only minutes, rather than hours or days, of equilibration. Their capacity is limited so they are best suited to
small assemblies or representative samples of homogeneous vehicle interior parts and materials. Multiple test
specimens can also be readily evaluated from the same sample if required. Micro-scale chambers can provide
an ideal quick screening tool for quality control of production and other in-house tests by manufacturers. They
offer a complementary approach to large chamber or sampling bag approaches.
[5] [6] [7] [8] [9]
ISO 16000-3, ISO 16000-5, ISO 16000-6, ISO 16000-9, ISO 16000-10, ISO 16000-11, ISO 16000-24,
[10] [11] [12]
ISO 16000-25, as well as ISO 16017-1 and ISO 16017-2, also focus on VOC measurements.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12219-3:2012(E)
Interior air of road vehicles —
Part 3:
Screening method for the determination of the emissions of
volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and
materials — Micro-scale chamber method
WARNING — It is the responsibility of the user of this part of ISO 12219 to establish appropriate safety
and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. National
regulations for precautions shall be followed.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12219 specifies a fast, qualitative and semiquantitative screening method for vapour-phase
organic compounds (volatile and some semi-volatile) released from vehicle trim materials under simulated real-
use conditions using micro-scale test chambers. This method is intended for evaluating new car interior trim
components but can, in principle, also be applied to used car components.
Target analytes include VOCs (conventionally defined as organic compounds in the volatility range of n-hexane
to n-hexadecane) and volatile carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde. The specified analytical procedure
for VOCs is ISO 16000-6 and for formaldehyde and some other light carbonyl compounds is ISO 16000-3.
NOTE 1 Some compounds more volatile than n-hexane and less volatile than n-hexadecane can also be analysed (for
[11]
more information, see: ISO 16000-6:2011, Annex D; ISO 16017-1; and Annex E).
NOTE 2 For dry, homogeneous materials, results from tests of volatile organic emissions carried out using micro-
scale chambers on newly manufactured products have been found to correlate well with data obtained using standard
[1] [6]
(reference) methods and conventional emission test chambers (ISO 12219-4, VDA 276 and ISO 16000-9 ) or test cells
[7]
(ISO 16000-10 ). Correlation with emission data obtained using bags (ISO 12219-2) has also been reported. The practice
specified in this part of ISO 12219 is therefore complementary to existing standards.
This part of ISO 12219 provides third party test laboratories and manufacturing industry with a cost-effective
approach for:
a) monitoring and screening VOC emissions as part of routine quality control;
b) monitoring product uniformity or conformity between formal certification tests;
c) comparing emissions from products within a range (e.g. different colours or patterns);
d) evaluating prototype, “low-emission” materials or products during development.
NOTE 3 All volatile carbonyl compounds except formaldehyde can be analysed according to ISO 16000-6.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12219-1, Interior air of road vehicles — Part 1: Whole vehicle test chamber — Specification and method
for the determination of volatile organic compounds in cabin interiors
ISO 16000-3:2011, Indoor air — Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds —
Active sampling method
ISO 16000-6:2011, Indoor air — Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber ®
air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas-chromatography using MS or MS–FID
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document,
...