ASTM D5309-22
(Specification)Standard Specification for Cyclohexane 999
Standard Specification for Cyclohexane 999
ABSTRACT
This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as "cyclohexane 999." The material shall conform to the required purity, benzene content, n-hexane content, methylcyclohexane content, methylcyclopentane content, sulfur content, appearance, color, and distillation range.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as “cyclohexane 999.”
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Aug-2022
- Technical Committee
- D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
- Drafting Committee
- D16.01 - Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2008
Overview
ASTM D5309-22: Standard Specification for Cyclohexane 999 establishes the requirements for a high-purity grade of cyclohexane, known as "cyclohexane 999." This international standard is maintained by ASTM International and ensures that cyclohexane 999 meets stringent criteria for purity and suitability in industrial and specialty chemical applications. The specification outlines specific limits for common impurities, color, appearance, sulfur content, and distillation characteristics, supporting quality and consistency in production and supply.
Key Topics
- Purity Requirements: The standard specifies a minimum purity of 99.90% by weight, ensuring cyclohexane 999 is suitable for sensitive applications.
- Impurity Content: Maximum allowable concentrations are set for:
- Benzene (50 mg/kg)
- n-Hexane (200 mg/kg)
- Methylcyclohexane (200 mg/kg)
- Methylcyclopentane (150 mg/kg)
- Sulfur (1 mg/kg)
- Physical Properties:
- Appearance must be free of haze and suspended particulates.
- Maximum Platinum/Cobalt color scale rating of 10.
- Controlled distillation range, ensuring consistent boiling behavior.
- Test Methods: Referenced analytical methods include gas chromatography and ultraviolet fluorescence for accurate measurement of purity, impurities, color, and sulfur content.
- Safety and Compliance: The standard directs users to consult OSHA regulations, supplier Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and local guidelines regarding safe handling and regulatory compliance.
Applications
Cyclohexane 999 is widely used where high chemical purity is critical:
- Chemical Synthesis: Serves as a precursor or solvent in the production of nylon intermediates (such as adipic acid and caprolactam) and other specialty chemicals.
- Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Supports processes that require highly pure solvents to avoid contamination and ensure product integrity.
- Analytical Laboratories: Essential as a reference material and high-purity solvent for chromatography and spectroscopy.
- Quality Control: Used in calibration, validation, and process control in manufacturing environments where trace impurities can affect outcomes.
This specification helps manufacturers, suppliers, and end-users to reliably select cyclohexane 999 that meets established benchmarks for quality and performance.
Related Standards
Several ASTM standards and practices are referenced within ASTM D5309-22 to support test methods and procedures:
- ASTM D850 - Test Method for Distillation of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
- ASTM D3437 - Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
- ASTM D5386 / D8005 - Test Methods for Color of Liquids
- ASTM D7183 - Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- ASTM D7266 / D7871 - Test Methods for Analysis of Cyclohexane by Gas Chromatography
- ASTM E29 - Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data
- ASTM E2680 - Test Method for Appearance of Clear, Transparent Liquids
OSHA regulations regarding safe handling and exposure limits for chemicals are also cited for ensuring workplace safety.
Practical Value
Implementing ASTM D5309-22 ensures:
- Consistent Quality: Buyers and suppliers have a clear benchmark for cyclohexane 999 purity and properties.
- Regulatory Compliance: Products conform to international safety and quality standards.
- Process Efficiency: Using high-purity cyclohexane minimizes risk in sensitive industrial, laboratory, and pharmaceutical processes.
- Traceability: Clearly defined analytical methods and stringent limits support traceability and quality assurance.
By referencing ASTM D5309-22, organizations can confidently specify cyclohexane 999 fit for use in applications demanding reliable chemical quality and safety.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D5309-22 is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Cyclohexane 999". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as "cyclohexane 999." The material shall conform to the required purity, benzene content, n-hexane content, methylcyclohexane content, methylcyclopentane content, sulfur content, appearance, color, and distillation range. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as “cyclohexane 999.” 1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29. 1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as "cyclohexane 999." The material shall conform to the required purity, benzene content, n-hexane content, methylcyclohexane content, methylcyclopentane content, sulfur content, appearance, color, and distillation range. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as “cyclohexane 999.” 1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29. 1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D5309-22 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 71.080.10 - Aliphatic hydrocarbons. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D5309-22 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM E2680-23, ASTM D7183-18a, ASTM D7871-18, ASTM D7183-15, ASTM E2680-09(2015)e1, ASTM D8005-15, ASTM D7871-13, ASTM D7266-13, ASTM D7266-13e1, ASTM D7183-12, ASTM D3437-11, ASTM D3437-10, ASTM D5386-10, ASTM E29-08, ASTM D3437-08. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D5309-22 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5309 −22
Standard Specification for
Cyclohexane 999
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5309; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D7266 Test Method for Analysis of Cyclohexane by Gas
Chromatography (External Standard)
1.1 This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane iden-
D7871 Test Method for Analysis of Cyclohexane by Gas
tified as “cyclohexane 999.”
Chromatography (Effective Carbon Number)
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this
D8005 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this
Cobalt Scale)
standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit
Determine Conformance with Specifications
used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with
E2680 Test Method for Appearance of Clear, Transparent
the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
Liquids (Visual Inspection Procedure)
1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety 2.2 Other Documents:
Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR Paragraphs 1910.1000 and
specification. 1910.1200
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Properties
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Cyclohexane 999 shall conform to the following re-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
quirements:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ASTM
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Property Specification
Test Method
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Purity, min, weight % 99.90 D7266 or D7871
Benzene, max, mg/kg 50 D7266 or D7871
2. Referenced Documents
n-Hexane, max, mg/kg 200 D7266 or D7871
Methylcyclohexane, max, mg/kg 200 D7266 or D7871
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Methylcyclopentane, max, mg/kg 150 D7266 or D7871
D850 Test Method for Distillation of Industrial Aromatic
Sulfur, max, mg/kg 1 D7183
Hydrocarbons and Related Materials Appearance, free of haze, particulates pass E2680
or suspended matter particles
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
A
Color, max, Platinum/Cobalt scale 10 D5386 or D8005
Products
Distillation range, 1.0 D850
D5386 Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus including the temperature 80.7 °C, at
101.3 KPa (760 mmHg) pressure,
Colorimetry
max, °C
D7183 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in
A
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals by
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5309 − 17 D5309 − 22
Standard Specification for
Cyclohexane 999
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5309; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as “cyclohexane 999.”
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an
observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the
specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this
specification.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D850 Test Method for Distillation of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
D5386 Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry
D7183 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals by Ultraviolet
Fluorescence
D7266 Test Method for Analysis of Cyclohexane by Gas Chromatography (External Standard)
D7871 Test Method for Analysis of Cyclohexane by Gas Chromatography (Effective Carbon Number)
D8005 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E2680 Test Method for Appearance of Clear, Transparent Liquids (Visual Inspection Procedure)
2.2 Other Documents:
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR Paragraphs 1910.1000 and 1910.1200
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017Sept. 1, 2022. Published June 2017September 2022. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20162017 as
D5309 – 16.D5309 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D5309-17.10.1520/D5309-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
...
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