ASTM D847-23

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Designation: D847 − 16 D847 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Acidity of Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Solvent Naphthas,
and Similar Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D847; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method is intended for the detection of acidity of benzene, toluene, xylenes, solvent naphthas, and similar industrial
aromatic hydrocarbons.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements see Section 9.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
2.2 Other Documents:
OSHA Regulations, 29CFR29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and 1910.1200
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 acidity, n—for purposes of this standard, acidity is defined as producing a persistent pink phenolphthalein end point with the
addition of two (2) drops or more (0.1 mL) of 0.1 N 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution.
3.1.2 acid reaction, n—a characteristic of materials producing the acid-color of the indicator used under the conditions prescribed
in this test method.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic Hydrocarbons Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016April 1, 2023. Published July 2016April 2023. Originally approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 as
D847 – 15.D847 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D0847-16.10.1520/D0847-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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D847 − 23
3.1.3 alkaline or basic reaction, n—a characteristic of the materials producing the alkali-color of the indicator used under the
conditions prescribed in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The acidity of aromatic hydrocarbons is detected using a sodium hydroxide titration and a color change using a
phenolphthalein indicator.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is suitable for setting specifications, for use as an internal quality control tool, and for use in development
or research work on industrial aromatic hydrocarbons and related materials. This test method gives an indication of residual acidity
and is a measure of the quality of the finished product. It is an indication of the tendency of the product to corrode equipment.
6. Interferences
6.1 Tests for acidity are not applicable in the presence of contaminating acidic or alkaline gases, soaps, salts, or other compounds
derived from the atmosphere or apparatus. The container holding the specimen, and the apparatus, water, indicator, and other
materials used in the test shall be chosen so that they themselves shall not appreciably affect the results. Since new corks used in
specimen bottles often are bleached with oxalic acid, it is advisable to rinse them thoroughly and check them for neutrality with
the indicator used in the test. Glassware shall be of acid-resistant and alkali-resistant glass and shall be rinsed with neutral distilled
water before use. The room in which the test is performed shall be chosen so as to prevent undue contamination by carbon dioxide,
ammonia, or other interfering substances that may be present in the atmosphere.
6.2 The distilled water used in the test shall not alter the composition of the specimen nor otherwise interfere with the purpose
of the work. Although inert impurities often may be neglected, care must be exercised to correct for impurities or to eliminate them
entirely if they are likely to interfere. When the distilled water does not show an acid or alkaline reaction, it may be used without
further adjustment to neutrality. However, if the water shows an acid or alkaline reaction, it shall be brought to a persistent pink
end point before use by titration with standard 0.01 0.01 N NaOH solution (see 8.4) or standard 0.01 0.01 N H SO , respectively
2 4
(see 8.5).
7. Apparatus
7.1 Graduate, 100-mL.100 mL.
7.2 Bottle, 500-mL500 mL, glass-stoppered.
8. Reagents
8.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first a
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