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71.080.80 - Aldehydes and ketones

ICS 71.080.80 Details

Aldehydes and ketones

Aldehyde. Ketone

Aldehydes et cetones

Aldehidi in ketoni

General Information

Parent
71.080 - Organic chemicals

Frequently Asked Questions

ICS 71.080.80 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Aldehydes and ketones". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.

There are 130 standards classified under ICS 71.080.80 (Aldehydes and ketones). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.

The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.

Standardization Organization
Technical Committee
Directive
Mandate
50
ASTM
ASTM E411-24(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Trace Quantities of Carbonyl Compounds with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of trace amounts of aldehydes and ketones in aqueous solutions and a wide variety of organic solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total carbonyl in the range from 0.5 μg to 50 μg calculated as CO.  
1.2 This test method is intended to be general and does not include steps for sample preparation.  
1.3 Acetals that hydrolyze under the conditions of the test are also determined.  
1.4 Carbonyl derivatives such as acetals and imines that are easily hydrolyzed may be determined by an alternative procedure.  
1.5 The developed color is not stable and must be measured within a specified period.  
Note 1: Other test methods for the determination of traces of carbonyl compounds are given in Test Methods D1089, D1612, D2119, and D2191.  
1.6 Review the current appropriate Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 and Section 8.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3329-03(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Purity of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of commonly found impurities in commercially available methyl isobutyl ketone. The measurement of these impurities and the results thereof can individually or when totaled and subtracted from 100 (assay) be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) by gas chromatography and in addition provides a means for measuring certain impurities such as methyl isobutyl carbinol which are of interest. Impurities such as water and acidity are measured by other appropriate ASTM procedures and the results are used to normalize the chromatographic value.  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the round-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for the materials listed in this test method.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D2379-09(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Acidity of Formaldehyde Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of acidity (as formic acid) in formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acidity of commercially available formaldehyde solutions.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D3893-03(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Purity of Methyl Amyl Ketone and Methyl Isoamyl Ketone by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This procedure is designed to determine the purity of the two ketones, methyl isoamyl ketone and methyl amyl ketone, and to obtain the concentration of their various impurities, several of which are critical in the application of these solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of methyl amyl ketone and methyl isoamyl ketone. In addition, the method determines total ketones and various impurities which may include acetone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl carbinol, mesityl oxide, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl butyl carbinol, methyl amyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone.  
1.2 Water and acid cannot be determined by this test method. They must be determined by other appropriate ASTM procedures, and the results used to normalize the chromatographic data.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded “off to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D2916-09(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Isophorone

ABSTRACT
This specification covers isophorone volatile solvents used in paints, varnishes, lacquers, and related products. Isoprophone should conform to the specified requirements on apparent specific gravity, color, distillation, purity, acidity as acetic acid, and water content.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers isophorone2 (98 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D1614-09(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Alkalinity in Acetone

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of alkalinity in acetone. The results of this measurement can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination in acetone of alkalinity calculated as ammonia (NH3).  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4423-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbonyls in C4 Hydrocarbons

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The determination of the carbonyl content of polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene is necessary, since in some polymerization reactions, the presence of carbonyls in excess over some specified amount can have a deleterious effect upon the polymer properties or the reaction itself, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of carbonyls (ketones and aldehydes) in C4 hydrocarbons. This test method was tested on polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.  
1.2 The applicable range for this test method is 0 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg carbonyls calculated as acetaldehyde.  
1.3 Other C4 hydrocarbons and their mixtures besides polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene could be tested using this same test method. However, the precision section of this test method covers only carbonyls in applicable range as listed in 1.2, as found in polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.  
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D1153-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

ABSTRACT
This specification covers methyl isobutyl ketone (99.0 % grade). The properties specified for methyl isobutyl ketone shall be determined in accordance with the following test methods: apparent specific gravity; color; distillation range; nonvolatile matter; odor; water; acidity; and alcohol and purity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers methyl isobutyl ketone (99.0 % grade).  
1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.  
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D2087-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Iron in Formaldehyde Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of iron content of formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total iron content of formaldehyde solutions.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D2804-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Purity of Methyl Ethyl Ketone By Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of commonly found impurities in commercially available methyl ethyl ketone. The measurement of these impurities and the results thereof can individually or when totaled and subtracted from 100 (assay) be used for specification purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of methyl ethyl ketone by gas chromatography. Impurities including water, acidity, and nonvolatile matter are measured by appropriate ASTM procedures and the results are used to normalize the chromatographic value.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D2378-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Formaldehyde 50 % Grade Uninhibited and 37 % Grade Inhibited and Uninhibited

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the properties and requirements for 50 % uninhibited formaldehyde and 37 % uninhibited and inhibited formaldehyde. Specimens shall be suitably sampled and tested, and shall meet the specified values of the following properties: apparent specific gravity; formaldehyde content; acidity; color (Pt-Co scale); iron content; methanol content; and appearance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers 50 % uninhibited formaldehyde and 37 % uninhibited and inhibited formaldehyde.  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D2086-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Acidity in Vinyl Acetate and Acetaldehyde

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of total acidity in vinyl acetate and acetaldehyde. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total acidity as acetic acid in refined vinyl acetate and acetaldehyde.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D2194-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Concentration of Formaldehyde Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of formaldehyde content (assay) of formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the formaldehyde content of commercially available formaldehyde solutions ranging in concentration from 36 to 55 weight %.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5197-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides an analytical procedure for measuring formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor, workplace, ambient air or for emission testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method presents a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in air. Other carbonyl compounds that have been successfully quantified by this method include acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal (propionaldehyde), 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone), butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde, p-tolualdehyde, hexanal, and 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde.  
1.2 This test method involves drawing air through a cartridge containing silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) reagent. Carbonyl compounds readily form stable derivatives with the acidified DNPH reagent. The DNPH derivatives are analyzed for parent aldehydes and ketones using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). UHPLC systems use higher pressures and smaller particle sizes in columns compared to HPLC systems. The sampling procedure is a modification of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A (see 2.2).  
1.3 This test method is based on the reaction of carbonyl compounds with DNPH in the presence of an acid to form stable derivatives according to the reaction shown in Fig. 1, (where: both R and R1 are alkyl or aromatic groups (ketones), or either, or both R or R1 is a hydrogen atom (aldehydes)). The determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds, as DNPH derivatives, is similar to that of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A in that it uses HPLC or UHPLC for separation of carbonyl compounds followed by UV adsorption or photodiode array detection. This test method exceeds the stated applicability of TO-11A to include other carbonyl compounds that can be determined as stated in 10.2.4. This test method is suitable for determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the airborne concentration range from approximately 10 ppbv/v (12 μg/m3), requires sampling for 1 h at 1 L/min) to 1 ppmv/v (1.2 mg/m3). Lower concentrations in air may be determined using higher sampling volume and with control of contamination, appropriate selection of flow rate and sampling duration.
FIG. 1 Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds  
1.4 The sampling method gives a time-weighted average (TWA) sample. It can be used for long-term (1 to 24 h) or short-term (5 to 60 min) sampling of air for formaldehyde. Shorter sampling times or low flow rates will result in higher detection limits and may result in greater variation in co-located sampler results. Tests should be performed over a duration and a flow rate that allows the data quality objective of the project to be achieved. Sample times for other carbonyls, such as acetaldehyde, may be limited to short term (1).2 The data provides total concentrations of carbonyl compounds from which time weighted average concentrations can be calculated.  
1.5 This test method instructs the user on how to prepare sampling cartridges from commercially available chromatographic grade silica gel cartridges3 by the application of acidified DNPH to each cartridge.  
1.6 The sampling flow rate, as described in this test method, has been validated for sampling rates up to 1.5 L/min for formaldehyde. This flow rate limitation is principally due to the high pressure drop (>8 kPa at 1.0 L/min) across user prepared silica gel cartridges which have a particle size of 55 to 105 µm. These cartridges are not generally compatible with battery-powered pumps used in personal sampling equipment (for example, those used by industrial hygienists).  
1.7 Alternatively, pre-coated DNPH silica gel cartridges are commercially available and may be substituted provided they can be demonstrated to meet blank and analyte trapping acceptance criteria (2). Some of these use silica gel of a larger parti...

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ASTM
ASTM D329-07(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Acetone

ABSTRACT
This specification covers acetone (99.5 % grade). Acetone shall be subjected to the following tests: acidity test, aldehyde test, alkalinity test, apparent specific gravity test, assay test, color test, distillation range test, nonvolatile matter test, odor test, permanganate time test, water test, and water miscibility test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers acetone (99.5 % grade).  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 1.5 and 4.1.  
1.5 This specification specifies the use of a U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-designated hazardous chemical, acetone. For hazard information and guidance see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D1363-06(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Permanganate Time of Acetone and Methanol

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The permanganate time can be used to judge the presence of oxidizable materials that may be associated with manufacture or contamination during distribution and to assess compliance with a specification.  
4.2 Many chemical processes that use acetone or methanol, or both, involve catalyst, metals, or ligand complexes that are sensitive to oxidation. Since oxidizable contaminants may affect the efficiency of these processes, this test method provides a comparative test for manufacturing control and assessing compliance with a specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the detection in acetone and methanol of the presence of impurities that reduce potassium permanganate.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D740-11(2019)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Methyl Ethyl Ketone,

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of methyl ethyl ketone (or 2-butanone), namely: Type I (regular grade) and Type II (urethane grade), that are used primarily as solvents in lacquers and industrial coatings, but also in adhesives, printing inks, lube oil dewaxing, and as chemical intermediates. The physical and chemical properties of methyl ethyl ketone shall conform to the requirements specified for the following: (1) acidity, (2) weight percentage of alcohol, (3) color (Pt-Co scale), (4) distillation range defined by the initial boiling point and dry point, (5) nonvolatile matter content, (6) purity, (7) apparent specific gravity, and (8) weight percentage of water. The sampling and test methods for determining conformance to the specified physical and chemical properties are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of methyl ethyl ketone that are used primarily as solvents in lacquers and industrial coatings, but also in adhesives, printing inks, lube oil dewaxing, and as chemical intermediates.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4360-11(2019)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Methyl n-Amyl Ketone

ABSTRACT
This certification of coating conformance form provides procurement information concerning products being furnished in accordance with a specific coating specification and additional requirements contained in the purchase order. The certification form is divided into four headings: General Type and Description(I), Buyer Information(II), Seller Information (III), and Certification (IV). The first heading consists of the following information: generic type, manufacturer's designation, specification number, formula number, component number, component identification, and color. The second heading consists purchase order number, release number, part number, item number, and stock number. The third heading consists of seller's representative, batch number, lot number, date of manufacture, and date of certification expiration. The last heading is a paragraph describing the certification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers methyl n-amyl ketone (98 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.  
1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.  
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2380-04(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Methanol Content of Formaldehyde Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method provides a measurement of methanol content of formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.  
3.2 This test method is applicable to 37 % formaldehyde solutions containing 0 to 2 %, 6 to 8 %, or 12 to 15 % methanol.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides for the calculation of the methanol content of commercially available 37 % formaldehyde solutions and is based on the relationship of specific gravity to formaldehyde and methanol content.2 Separate equations are given for three ranges of methanol: 0 to 2 %, 6 to 8 %, and 12 to 15 %.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 4.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ISO
ISO 2227:1972(Main)
Formaldehyde solutions for industrial use — Determination of formaldehyde content

The specified method is applicable to HCHO contents between 25 5 and 45 %. The field of application may be extended by siutably modifying the mass of the test portion. The principle consists in the reaction of the test solution with a neutral sodium sulphite solution, and acidimetric titration of the liberated sodium hydroxide in presence of thymolphthalein as indicator.

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ASTM
ASTM D3329-03(2017)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Purity of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of commonly found impurities in commercially available methyl isobutyl ketone. The measurement of these impurities and the results thereof can individually or when totaled and subtracted from 100 (assay) be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) by gas chromatography and in addition provides a means for measuring certain impurities such as methyl isobutyl carbinol which are of interest. Impurities such as water and acidity are measured by other appropriate ASTM procedures and the results are used to normalize the chromatographic value.  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the round-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for the materials listed in this test method.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1614-09(2017)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Alkalinity in Acetone

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of alkalinity in acetone. The results of this measurement can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination in acetone of alkalinity calculated as ammonia (NH3).  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3893-03(2017)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Purity of Methyl Amyl Ketone and Methyl Isoamyl Ketone by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This procedure is designed to determine the purity of the two ketones, methyl isoamyl ketone and methyl amyl ketone, and to obtain the concentration of their various impurities, several of which are critical in the application of these solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of methyl amyl ketone and methyl isoamyl ketone. In addition, the method determines total ketones and various impurities which may include acetone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl carbinol, mesityl oxide, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl butyl carbinol, methyl amyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone.  
1.2 Water and acid cannot be determined by this test method. They must be determined by other appropriate ASTM procedures, and the results used to normalize the chromatographic data.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded “off to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2916-09(2017)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Isophorone

ABSTRACT
This specification covers isophorone volatile solvents used in paints, varnishes, lacquers, and related products. Isoprophone should conform to the specified requirements on apparent specific gravity, color, distillation, purity, acidity as acetic acid, and water content.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers isophorone2 (98 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2379-09(2017)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Acidity of Formaldehyde Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of acidity (as formic acid) in formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acidity of commercially available formaldehyde solutions.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E411-17a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Trace Quantities of Carbonyl Compounds with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of trace amounts of aldehydes and ketones in aqueous solutions and a wide variety of organic solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total carbonyl in the range from 0.5 to 50 μg calculated as CO.  
1.2 This test method is intended to be general and does not include steps for sample preparation.  
1.3 Acetals that hydrolyze under the conditions of the test are also determined.  
1.4 Carbonyl derivatives such as acetals and imines that are easily hydrolyzed may be determined by an alternative procedure.  
1.5 The developed color is not stable and must be measured within a specified period.  
Note 1: Other test methods for the determination of traces of carbonyl compounds are given in Test Methods D1089, D1612, D2119, and D2191.  
1.6 Review the current appropriate Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 and Section 8.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E411-17(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Trace Quantities of Carbonyl Compounds with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of trace amounts of aldehydes and ketones in aqueous solutions and a wide variety of organic solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total carbonyl in the range from 0.5 to 50 μg calculated as CO.  
1.2 This test method is intended to be general and does not include steps for sample preparation.  
1.3 Acetals that hydrolyze under the conditions of the test are also determined.  
1.4 Carbonyl derivatives such as acetals and imines that are easily hydrolyzed may be determined by an alternative procedure.  
1.5 The developed color is not stable and must be measured within a specified period.  
Note 1: Other test methods for the determination of traces of carbonyl compounds are given in Test Methods D1089, D1612, D2119, and D2191.  
1.6 Review the current appropriate Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 and Section 8.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5197-16(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides an analytical procedure for measuring formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor, workplace, outdoor air or for emission testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method presents a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in air. Other carbonyl compounds that have been successfully quantified by this method include acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal (propionaldehyde), 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone), butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde, p-tolualdehyde, hexanal, and 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde.  
1.2 This test method involves drawing air through a cartridge containing silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) reagent. Carbonyl compounds readily form stable derivatives with the DNPH reagent. The DNPH derivatives are analyzed for parent aldehydes and ketones utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sampling procedure is a modification of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A (see 2.2).  
1.3 This test method is based on the specific reaction of carbonyl compounds with DNPH in the presence of an acid to form stable derivatives according to the reaction shown in Fig. 1, (where: both R and R1 are alkyl or aromatic groups (ketones), or either, or both R or R1 is a hydrogen atom (aldehydes)). The determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds, as DNPH derivatives, is similar to that of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A in that it utilizes HPLC with UV detection as the analytical finish. The applicability of this test method is extended beyond the stated applicability of TO-11A to include other carbonyl compounds that can be determined as stated in 10.2.4. This test method is suitable for determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the concentration range from approximately 10 ppb to 1 ppm (v/v). Lower concentrations may be determined with careful control of contamination, appropriate selection of flow rate and sampling duration.  
1.4 The sampling method gives a time-weighted average (TWA) sample. It can be used for long-term (1 to 24 h) or short-term (5 to 60 min) sampling of air for formaldehyde. Shorter sampling times or low flow rates will result in higher detection limits and may result in greater variation in co-located sampler results. Tests should be performed over a duration and a flow rate that allows the data quality objective of the project to be achieved. Sample times for other carbonyls, such as acetaldehyde, may be limited to short term (1).2 The data provides total concentrations of carbonyl compounds from which time weighted average concentrations can be calculated.  
1.5 This test method instructs the user on how to prepare sampling cartridges from commercially available chromatographic grade silica gel cartridges3 by the application of acidified DNPH to each cartridge.  
1.6 The sampling flow rate, as described in this test method, has been validated for sampling rates up to 1.5 L/min for formaldehyde. This flow rate limitation is principally due to the high pressure drop (>8 kPa at 1.0 L/min) across the user prepared silica gel cartridges which have a particle size of 55 to 105 µm. These cartridges are not generally compatible with battery-powered pumps used in personal sampling equipment (for example, those used by industrial hygienists).  
1.7 Alternatively, pre-coated DNPH silica gel cartridges are also commercially available and may be substituted provided they can be demonstrated to perform equivalently (2). Some of these use silica gel of a larger particle size that results in a lower pressure drop across the cartridge. These low pressure drop cartridges may be more suitable for sampling air using battery-powered personal sampling pumps.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard ...

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ASTM
ASTM D4423-10(2015)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbonyls in C4 Hydrocarbons

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The determination of the carbonyl content of polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene is necessary, since in some polymerization reactions, the presence of carbonyls in excess over some specified amount can have a deleterious effect upon the polymer properties or the reaction itself, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of carbonyls (ketones and aldehydes) in C4 hydrocarbons. This test method was tested on polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.  
1.2 The applicable range for this test method is 0 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg carbonyls calculated as acetaldehyde.  
1.3 Other C4 hydrocarbons and their mixtures besides polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene could be tested using this same test method. However, the precision section of this test method covers only carbonyls in applicable range as listed in 1.2, as found in polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.  
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM
ASTM D329-07(2013)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Acetone

ABSTRACT
This specification covers acetone (99.5 % grade). Acetone shall be subjected to the following tests: acidity test, aldehyde test, alkalinity test, apparent specific gravity test, assay test, color test, distillation range test, nonvolatile matter test, odor test, permanganate time test, water test, and water miscibility test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers acetone (99.5 % grade).  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 1.5 and 4.1.  
1.5 This specification specifies the use of a U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-designated hazardous chemical, acetone. For hazard information and guidance see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.

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ASTM
ASTM D1153-12(Specification)
Standard Specification for Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (Withdrawn 2021)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers methyl isobutyl ketone (99.0 % grade). The properties specified for methyl isobutyl ketone shall be determined in accordance with the following test methods: apparent specific gravity; color; distillation range; nonvolatile matter; odor; water; acidity; and alcohol and purity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers methyl isobutyl ketone (99.0 % grade).  
1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.  
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM
ASTM D2086-08(2012)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Acidity in Vinyl Acetate and Acetaldehyde (Withdrawn 2021)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of total acidity in vinyl acetate and acetaldehyde. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total acidity as acetic acid in refined vinyl acetate and acetaldehyde.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.

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ASTM
ASTM D2804-02(2012)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Purity of Methyl Ethyl Ketone By Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn 2021)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of commonly found impurities in commercially available methyl ethyl ketone. The measurement of these impurities and the results thereof can individually or when totaled and subtracted from 100 (assay) be used for specification purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of methyl ethyl ketone by gas chromatography. Impurities including water, acidity, and nonvolatile matter are measured by appropriate ASTM procedures and the results are used to normalize the chromatographic value.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.

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ASTM
ASTM D2378-07(2012)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Formaldehyde 50 % Grade Uninhibited and 37 % Grade Inhibited and Uninhibited (Withdrawn 2021)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the properties and requirements for 50 % uninhibited formaldehyde and 37 % uninhibited and inhibited formaldehyde. Specimens shall be suitably sampled and tested, and shall meet the specified values of the following properties: apparent specific gravity; formaldehyde content; acidity; color (Pt-Co scale); iron content; methanol content; and appearance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers 50 % uninhibited formaldehyde and 37 % uninhibited and inhibited formaldehyde.  
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.

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ASTM
ASTM D2194-02(2012)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Concentration of Formaldehyde Solutions (Withdrawn 2021)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of formaldehyde content (assay) of formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the formaldehyde content of commercially available formaldehyde solutions ranging in concentration from 36 to 55 weight %.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM
ASTM D2087-06(2012)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Iron in Formaldehyde Solutions (Withdrawn 2021)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of iron content of formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total iron content of formaldehyde solutions.  
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM
ASTM E411-12(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Trace Quantities of Carbonyl Compounds with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is applicable to the determination of trace amounts of aldehydes and ketones in aqueous solutions and a wide variety of organic solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total carbonyl in the range from 0.5 to 50 μg calculated as CO.
1.2 This test method is intended to be general and does not include steps for sample preparation.
1.3 Acetals that hydrolyze under the conditions of the test are also determined.
1.4 Carbonyl derivatives such as acetals and imines that are easily hydrolyzed may be determined by an alternative procedure.
1.5 The developed color is not stable and must be measured within a specified period.
Note 1—Other test methods for the determination of traces of carbonyl compounds are given in Test Methods D1089, D1612, D2119, and D2191.  
1.6 Review the current appropriate Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Note 4 and Section 8.

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ASTM D4360-11(Specification)
Standard Specification for Methyl n-Amyl Ketone

ABSTRACT
This certification of coating conformance form provides procurement information concerning products being furnished in accordance with a specific coating specification and additional requirements contained in the purchase order. The certification form is divided into four headings: General Type and Description(I), Buyer Information(II), Seller Information (III), and Certification (IV). The first heading consists of the following information: generic type, manufacturer's designation, specification number, formula number, component number, component identification, and color. The second heading consists purchase order number, release number, part number, item number, and stock number. The third heading consists of seller's representative, batch number, lot number, date of manufacture, and date of certification expiration. The last heading is a paragraph describing the certification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers methyl n-amyl ketone (98 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off "to the nearest unit" in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.

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ASTM
ASTM D740-11(Specification)
Standard Specification for Methyl Ethyl Ketone

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of methyl ethyl ketone (or 2-butanone), namely: Type I (regular grade) and Type II (urethane grade), that are used primarily as solvents in lacquers and industrial coatings, but also in adhesives, printing inks, lube oil dewaxing, and as chemical intermediates. The physical and chemical properties of methyl ethyl ketone shall conform to the requirements specified for the following: (1) acidity, (2) weight percentage of alcohol, (3) color (Pt-Co scale), (4) distillation range defined by the initial boiling point and dry point, (5) nonvolatile matter content, (6) purity, (7) apparent specific gravity, and (8) weight percentage of water. The sampling and test methods for determining conformance to the specified physical and chemical properties are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of methyl ethyl ketone that are used primarily as solvents in lacquers and industrial coatings, but also in adhesives, printing inks, lube oil dewaxing, and as chemical intermediates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off "to the nearest unit" in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.

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ASTM D1363-06(2011)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Permanganate Time of Acetone and Methanol

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The permanganate time can be used to judge the presence of oxidizable materials that may be associated with manufacture or contamination during distribution and to assess compliance with a specification.
Many chemical processes that use acetone or methanol, or both, involve catalyst, metals, or ligand complexes that are sensitive to oxidation. Since oxidizable contaminants may affect the efficiency of these processes, this test method provides a comparative test for manufacturing control and assessing compliance with a specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the detection in acetone and methanol of the presence of impurities that reduce potassium permanganate.
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM D2380-04(2011)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Methanol Content of Formaldehyde Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a measurement of methanol content of formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
This test method is applicable to 37 % formaldehyde solutions containing 0 to 2 %, 6 to 8 %, or 12 to 15 % methanol.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides for the calculation of the methanol content of commercially available 37 % formaldehyde solutions and is based on the relationship of specific gravity to formaldehyde and methanol content. Separate equations are given for three ranges of methanol: 0 to 2 %, 6 to 8 %, and 12 to 15 %.
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 4.

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ASTM D4423-10(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbonyls In C4 Hydrocarbons

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The determination of the carbonyl content of polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene is necessary, since in some polymerization reactions, the presence of carbonyls in excess over some specified amount can have a deleterious effect upon the polymer properties or the reaction itself, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of carbonyls (ketones and aldehydes) in C4 hydrocarbons. This test method was tested on polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.
1.2 The applicable range for this test method is 0 to 50 mg/kg carbonyls calculated as acetaldehyde.
1.3 Other C4 hydrocarbons and their mixtures besides polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene could be tested using this same test method. However, the precision section of this test method covers only carbonyls in applicable range as listed in 1.2, as found in polymerization-grade 1,3-butadiene.
1.4 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM D3329-03(2009)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Purity of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a measurement of commonly found impurities in commercially available methyl isobutyl ketone. The measurement of these impurities and the results thereof can individually or when totaled and subtracted from 100 (assay) be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) by gas chromatography and in addition provides a means for measuring certain impurities such as methyl isobutyl carbinol which are of interest. Impurities such as water and acidity are measured by other appropriate ASTM procedures and the results are used to normalize the chromatographic value.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the round-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for the materials listed in this test method.

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ASTM D3893-03(2009)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Purity of Methyl Amyl Ketone and Methyl Isoamyl Ketone by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This procedure is designed to determine the purity of the two ketones, methyl isoamyl ketone and methyl amyl ketone, and to obtain the concentration of their various impurities, several of which are critical in the application of these solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of methyl amyl ketone and methyl isoamyl ketone. In addition, the method determines total ketones and various impurities which may include acetone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl carbinol, mesityl oxide, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl butyl carbinol, methyl amyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone.
1.2 Water and acid cannot be determined by this test method. They must be determined by other appropriate ASTM procedures, and the results used to normalize the chromatographic data.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded “off to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM D5197-09e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides an analytical procedure for measuring formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor or outdoor air.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in air. Other carbonyl compounds that have been validated for determination by this method include acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal (propionaldehyde), methacrolein, 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone), butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde, p-tolualdehyde, hexanal, and 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde. Acrolein and crotonaldehyde can not be determined quantitatively using the analytical procedure described in 10.2 due to the formation of multiple derivative peaks and the instability of the peak ratios . However, the procedure described in the Annex A has been used by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency to estimate acrolein and crotonaldehyde concentrations in standard atmospheres following special precautions.
1.2 This test method involves drawing air through a cartridge containing silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) reagent. Carbonyl compounds readily form stable derivatives with the DNPH reagent. The DNPH derivatives are analyzed for parent aldehydes and ketones utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sampling procedure is a modification of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A (see 2.2).
1.3 This test method is based on the specific reaction of carbonyl compounds with DNPH in the presence of an acid to form stable derivatives according to the reaction shown in Fig. 1, (where: both R  and R1 are alkyl or aromatic groups (ketones), or both, or either R  or R1 is a hydrogen atom (aldehydes)). The determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds, as DNPH derivatives, is similar to that of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A in that it utilizes HPLC with UV detection as the analytical finish. The detection limits have been extended to other carbonyl compounds that can be determined as outlined in Section 10.2.4. This test method is suitable for determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the concentration range from approximately 10 ppb to 1 ppm (v/v).
1.4 The sampling method gives a time-weighted average (TWA) sample. It can be used for long-term (1 to 24 h) or short-term (5 to 60 min) sampling of air for formaldehyde.
1.5 This test method instructs the user on how to prepare sampling cartridges from commercially available chromatographic grade silica gel cartridges by the application of acidified DNPH to each cartridge.
1.6 The sampling flow rate, as described in this test method, has been validated for sampling rates up to 1.5 L/min. This flow rate limitation is principally due to the high pressure drop (>8 kPa at 1.0 L/min) across the user prepared silica gel cartridges which have a particle size of 55 to 105 μm. These cartridges are not generally compatible with battery-powered pumps used in personal sampling equipment (for example, those used by industrial hygienists.
1.7 Alternatively, pre-coated DNPH silica gel cartridges are also commercially available and may be substituted provided they can be demonstrated to perform equivalently. Some of these use silica gel of a larger particle size that results in a lower pressure drop across the cartridge. These low pressure drop cartridges may be more suitable for sampling air using battery-powered personal sampling pumps.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM D5197-09(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides an analytical procedure for measuring formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor or outdoor air.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in air. Other carbonyl compounds that have been validated for determination by this method include acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal (propionaldehyde), methacrolein, 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone), butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde, p-tolualdehyde, hexanal, and 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde. Acrolein and crotonaldehyde can not be determined quantitatively using the analytical procedure described in 10.2 due to the formation of multiple derivative peaks and the instability of the peak ratios . However, the procedure described in the Annex A has been used by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency to estimate acrolein and crotonaldehyde concentrations in standard atmospheres following special precautions.
1.2 This test method involves drawing air through a cartridge containing silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) reagent. Carbonyl compounds readily form stable derivatives with the DNPH reagent. The DNPH derivatives are analyzed for parent aldehydes and ketones utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sampling procedure is a modification of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A (see 2.2).
1.3 This test method is based on the specific reaction of carbonyl compounds with DNPH in the presence of an acid to form stable derivatives according to the reaction shown in Fig. 1, (where: both R  and R1 are alkyl or aromatic groups (ketones), or both, or either R  or R1 is a hydrogen atom (aldehydes)). The determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds, as DNPH derivatives, is similar to that of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A in that it utilizes HPLC with UV detection as the analytical finish. The detection limits have been extended to other carbonyl compounds that can be determined as outlined in Section 10.2.4. This test method is suitable for determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the concentration range from approximately 10 ppb to 1 ppm (v/v).
1.4 The sampling method gives a time-weighted average (TWA) sample. It can be used for long-term (1 to 24 h) or short-term (5 to 60 min) sampling of air for formaldehyde.
1.5 This test method instructs the user on how to prepare sampling cartridges from commercially available chromatographic grade silica gel cartridges by the application of acidified DNPH to each cartridge.
1.6 The sampling flow rate, as described in this test method, has been validated for sampling rates up to 1.5 L/min. This flow rate limitation is principally due to the high pressure drop (>8 kPa at 1.0 L/min) across the user prepared silica gel cartridges which have a particle size of 55 to 105 μm. These cartridges are not generally compatible with battery-powered pumps used in personal sampling equipment (for example, those used by industrial hygienists).
1.7 Alternatively, pre-coated DNPH silica gel cartridges are also commercially available and may be substituted provided they can be demonstrated to perform equivalently. Some of these use silica gel of a larger particle size that results in a lower pressure drop across the cartridge. These low pressure drop cartridges may be more suitable for sampling air using battery-powered personal sampling pumps.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
FIG. 1 Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds

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ASTM D2379-09(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Acidity of Formaldehyde Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a measurement of acidity (as formic acid) in formaldehyde solutions. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acidity of commercially available formaldehyde solutions.
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.

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ASTM D2916-09(Specification)
Standard Specification for Isophorone

ABSTRACT
This specification covers isophorone volatile solvents used in paints, varnishes, lacquers, and related products. Isoprophone should conform to the specified requirements on apparent specific gravity, color, distillation, purity, acidity as acetic acid, and water content.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers isophorone (98 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM D1614-09(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Alkalinity in Acetone

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a measurement of alkalinity in acetone. The results of this measurement can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination in acetone of alkalinity calculated as ammonia (NH3).
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.

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ASTM D2086-08(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Acidity in Vinyl Acetate and Acetaldehyde

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a measurement of total acidity in vinyl acetate and acetaldehyde. The results of these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total acidity as acetic acid in refined vinyl acetate and acetaldehyde.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.

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