71.080.40 - Organic acids
ICS 71.080.40 Details
Organic acids
Organische Sauren
Acides organiques
Organske kisline
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 71.080.40 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Organic acids". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 131 standards classified under ICS 71.080.40 (Organic acids). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can affect the PET quality (such as contribute to fiber breaks), the polymerization process, and 4-CBA imparts coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
4.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced or are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-Toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method is applicable for 4-CBA and p- TOL with an upper limit of 500 mg/kg, respectively, but may be applicable to a wider range.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This is a revision of the method for measuring rosin acids content combines the three major ways of determining the rosin acids content of pine chemicals products into a single method.
4.1.1 For materials containing less than 15 % rosin, the modified Glidden procedure has gained acceptance. For materials containing more than 15 % rosin the modified Wolfe Method is preferred. The modified Wolfe and modified Glidden procedures differ only in their details. They have been combined here into a single procedure. This procedure can be run using either a potentiometer or an internal indicator to determine the end point of the titration. Use of a potentiometer is preferred and is the referee method. Use of an internal indicator is the principal alternative method. They will be referred to as the Potentiometric Method and the Internal Indicator Method.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of rosin acids in tall oil, tall oil fatty acid, tall oil rosin, and other pine chemicals products.
1.2 These test methods may not be applicable to adducts or derivatives of rosin, fatty acid, or other pine chemicals products.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of the acidity as free fatty acids in the absence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps in sulfonated and sulfated oils for the purpose of quality assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acidity as free fatty acids existing in a sample of sulfonated or sulfated oil, or both, by titrating the sample dissolved in a solvent. It is not applicable in the presence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps or salts or other compounds that do not react neutral to phenolphthalein when dissolved in alcohol.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers glacial acrylic acid (99.0% grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer and related products. The properties of the material shall be determined in accordance with the following test methods: purity; water; color; inhibitor; and dimer.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glacial acrylic acid2 (99.0 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer and related products.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers glacial acetic acid for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products. Glacial acetic acid shall be tested for purity, freezing point, color, water content, iron content, acetaldehyde content, and formic acid content, and shall conform to the requirements of the specification. Test methods, sampling, and packaging shall be in accordance with ASTM standard methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glacial (99.8 %) acetic acid for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is suitable for the general quantitative analysis of commercial tar acid mixtures. It may be used as a tool for quality control and specification purposes by producers and users.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of phenol and certain homologues of phenol in tar acid and cresylic acid mixtures using capillary gas chromatography. It is a normalization test method that determines homolog distribution but is not an absolute assay since it does not account for water or other compounds not detected by a flame ionization detector.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for use in the production of polyesters for superfine denier fiber.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures acidity quantitatively. Very dilute aqueous solutions of low molecular mass organic acids, such as acetic acid, are highly corrosive to many metals.
5.2 Acceptable levels of acidity in ethanol can vary with different specifications, but in general, it is below 200 mg/kg (ppm). Knowledge of the acidity can be required to establish whether the product quality meets specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of acidity as acetic acid in ethanol and ethanol solutions. This test method may be applied to ethanol samples containing very little water (dehydrated alcohols) to solutions with significant water (low proof ethanol samples). The solutions include denatured alcohols such as the U.S. denatured ethanol formulas defined in 27.CFR.Part 21. This test method is used for determining low levels of acidity, below 200 m⁄kg (ppm mass), with the exclusion of carbon dioxide.
1.1.1 Procedure A—Developed specifically for measurement of acidity by potentiometric titration. This is the referee method.
1.1.2 Procedure B—Developed specifically for measurement of acidity by color end point titration.
1.2 The ethanol may be analyzed directly by this test method with minimal sample preparation.
1.3 Review the current and appropriate Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions and proper personal protective equipment.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process; and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
5.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control where these products are produced or used.
5.3 This test method is intended as an alternative to the HPLC method for the determination of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA. The major benefits of CE are speed, simplicity, reduced reagent consumption, and operating costs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with reverse voltage mode and UV detection. It is applicable for 4-CBA from 3 to 400 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 8 to 400 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process, and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
4.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and could be used as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced or are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of the 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-Toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by weak anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method is applicable for 4-CBA from 2 to 500 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 500 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process; and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
5.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control where these products are produced or used.
5.3 This test method is intended as an alternative to the HPLC method for determination of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA. The major benefits of CE are speed, simplicity, reduced reagent consumption and operating costs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with normal voltage mode and UV detection. It is applicable for 4-CBA from 5 to 400 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 400 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Chlorinated phenoxyacid herbicides, and other organic acids are used extensively for weed control. Esters and salts of 2,4-D and silvex have been used as aquatic herbicides in lakes, streams, and irrigation canals. Phenoxy acid herbicides can be toxic even at low concentrations. For example, the 96 h, TLm for silvex is 2.4 mg/L for bluegills (1).8 These reasons make apparent the need for a standard test method for such compounds in water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a gas chromatographic procedure for the quantitative determination of selected chlorinated acids and other acidic herbicides in water. Similar chemicals may also be determined by this test method, but it is the user’s responsibility to verify the applicability of this test method to any compounds not listed in this scope. The acid form of the following compounds were interlaboratory tested using this test method, and the results were found acceptable:2
Analyte
Chemical Abstract Services
Registry Number
Bentazon
25057-89-0
2,4-D
94-75-7
2,4-DB
94-82-6
DCPA acid metabolites 2
Dicamba
1918-00-9
3,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid
51-36-5
Dichlorprop
120-36-5
5-Hydroxydicamba
7600-50-2
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
87-86-5
Picloram
1918-02-1
2,4,5-T
93-76-5
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
93-72-1
1.2 This test method may be applicable to the determination of salts and esters of analyte compounds. The form of each acid is not distinguished by this test method. Results are calculated and reported for each listed analyte as the total free acid.
1.3 This test method has been validated in an interlaboratory test for reagent water and finished tap water. The analyst should recognize that precision and bias reported in Section 18 may not be applicable to other waters.
1.4 This test method is restricted to use by or under the supervision of analysts experienced in the use of gas chromatography (GC) and in the interpretation of gas chromatograms. Each analyst must demonstrate the ability to generate acceptable results with this test method using the procedure described in 19.3. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.
1.5 Analytes that are not separated chromatographically, that is, which have very similar retention times, cannot be individually identified and measured in the same calibration mixture or water sample unless an alternate technique for identification and quantitation exists (16.6, 16.7, and 16.8).
1.6 When this test method is used to analyze unfamiliar samples for any or all of the analytes given in 1.1, analyte identifications must be confirmed by at least one additional qualitative technique.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 6, 8, 9, and 10.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 An estimate of TA purity can be determined by titrating with KOH. As an index of TA purity, the acid number can be used as a guide in the quality control of TA production.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of acid number of terephthalic acid (TA) by color-indicator titration. Acid number of TA product is usually within 674 to 676 mg KOH/g.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice is issued to provide information useful in establishing sampling and handling procedures. It is expected that this information will only be utilized in conjunction with an existing health and safety program and consultation with an appropriate SDS. The information provided cannot be used as a substitute for expert safety and medical advice as provided in an appropriate SDS, but rather as a supplement to such advice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling and handling phenol, cresols and cresylic acid in solid and liquid forms, including liquids at elevated temperatures, in a safe manner that represents and preserves quality. In general, this practice also applies to xylenols, and some other alkylated phenolic materials; however, specific information regarding these materials should be sought and used if available.
1.2 Any person sampling or handling these products should consult the applicable Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for specific first aid instructions and information on the proper equipment to have available for use in the event of personal contact or exposure.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and an appropriate SDS.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes requirements for purified terephthalic acid (PTA) used in the manufacturing of polymers, including the production of polyesters for fiber, filament, yarn, film, coating, bottle and resin applications. For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit. This specification covers properties and sampling of the material.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for use in the manufacturing of polymers. Some examples include the production of polyesters for fiber, filament, yarn, film, coating, bottle and resin applications.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is useful for determining the formic acid content of glacial acetic acid by chemical means.
4.2 Low molecular weight organic acids (such as acetic and propionic), aldehydes (including formaldehyde and acetaldehyde), ketones, and alcohols (including methyl alcohol) do not interfere with the test.
4.3 Formic acid (and other reducing substances) may be present as a result of contamination during storage, distribution, and manufacture. This test method may be used in assessing compliance with a specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the formic acid (and other reducing substances) content of glacial acetic acid by oxidation with lead tetraacetate.2
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of the acid number of sulfonated and sulfated oils for the purpose of quality assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the acidity as free fatty acids in the presence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps, or both, existing in a sample of sulfonated or sulfated oil, or both, by calculation from the total alkalinity and free-and-alkali combined fatty acids.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is intended for the determination of the neutral fatty matter contained in fats and oils by means of ether extraction.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers all degraded glycerides, since they are neutral fats. However, this procedure does not necessarily determine all the mono and diglycerides that may be present in the sample. This is due to the water soluble characteristics of some mono and diglycerides.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of metals in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they may speed up or slow down the reaction and be impurities in the final product.
4.2 Determination of the metals in PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control where these products are produced or used.
4.3 This test method covers the determination of sodium, chromium, cobalt, aluminum, titanium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, nickel, molybdenum and calcium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of metal elements in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).This method is applicable to PTA samples containing sodium, chromium, cobalt, aluminum, titanium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, nickel, molybdenum and calcium over 0.055 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Alkylbenzene sulfonic acids are important intermediates in the synthetic detergent industry and are defined under “alkyl benzene sulfonate” in Terminology D459. This test method is suitable for the rapid monitoring of the sulfonic and sulfuric acid levels, both of which have a vital bearing on final product performance and appearance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of sulfonic and sulfuric acids in branched and linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acids used as intermediates in synthetic detergents.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 An estimate of TA purity can be determined by titrating with KOH. As an index of TA purity, the acid number can be used as a guide in the quality control of TA production.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of acid number in terephthalic acid (TA) by automatic potentiometric titration. As the index of TA purity, acid number is usually within 674 to 676 mg KOH/g.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can affect the PET quality (such as contribute to fiber breaks), the polymerization process, and 4-CBA imparts coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
4.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced or are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-Toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method is applicable for 4-CBA and p- TOL with an upper limit of 500 mg/kg, respectively, but may be applicable to a wider range.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for use in the production of polyesters for superfine denier fiber.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for use in the production of polyesters for superfine denier fiber.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process and 4-CBA imparts coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
4.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced or are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-Toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method is applicable for 4-CBA from 2 to 500 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 500 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process; and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
5.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control where these products are produced or used.
5.3 This test method is intended as an alternative to the HPLC method for the determination of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA. The major benefits of CE are speed, simplicity, reduced reagent consumption, and operating costs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with reverse voltage mode and UV detection. It is applicable for 4-CBA from 3 to 400 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 8 to 400 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process; and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
5.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control where these products are produced or used.
5.3 This test method is intended as an alternative to the HPLC method for the determination of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA. The major benefits of CE are speed, simplicity, reduced reagent consumption, and operating costs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with reverse voltage mode and UV detection. It is applicable for 4-CBA from 3 to 400 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 8 to 400 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process, and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
4.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and could be used as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced or are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of the 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-Toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by weak anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method is applicable for 4-CBA from 2 to 500 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 500 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process and 4-CBA imparts coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
4.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced or are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-Toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method is applicable for 4-CBA from 2 to 500 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 500 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process; and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
5.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control where these products are produced or used.
5.3 This test method is intended as an alternative to the HPLC method for determination of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA. The major benefits of CE are speed, simplicity, reduced reagent consumption and operating costs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with normal voltage mode and UV detection. It is applicable for 4-CBA from 5 to 400 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 400 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for use in the production of polyesters for superfine denier fiber.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is suitable for the general quantitative analysis of commercial tar acid mixtures. It may be used as a tool for quality control and specification purposes by producers and users.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of phenol and certain homologues of phenol in tar acid and cresylic acid mixtures using capillary gas chromatography. It is a normalization test method that determines homolog distribution but is not an absolute assay since it does not account for water or other compounds not detected by a flame ionization detector.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This is a revision of the method for measuring rosin acids content combines the three major ways of determining the rosin acids content of pine chemicals products into a single method.
4.1.1 For materials containing less than 15 % rosin, the modified Glidden procedure has gained acceptance. For materials containing more than 15 % rosin the modified Wolfe Method is preferred. The modified Wolfe and modified Glidden procedures differ only in their details. They have been combined here into a single procedure. This procedure can be run using either a potentiometer or an internal indicator to determine the end point of the titration. Use of a potentiometer is preferred and is the referee method. Use of an internal indicator is the principal alternative method. They will be referred to as the Potentiometric Method and the Internal Indicator Method.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of rosin acids in tall oil, tall oil fatty acid, tall oil rosin, and other pine chemicals products.
1.2 These test methods may not be applicable to adducts or derivatives of rosin, fatty acid, or other pine chemicals products.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Chlorinated phenoxyacid herbicides, and other organic acids are used extensively for weed control. Esters and salts of 2,4-D and silvex have been used as aquatic herbicides in lakes, streams, and irrigation canals. Phenoxy acid herbicides can be toxic even at low concentrations. For example, the 96 h, TLm for silvex is 2.4 mg/L for bluegills (1).8 These reasons make apparent the need for a standard test method for such compounds in water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a gas chromatographic procedure for the quantitative determination of selected chlorinated acids and other acidic herbicides in water. Similar chemicals may also be determined by this test method, but it is the user's responsibility to verify the applicability of this test method to any compounds not listed in this scope. The acid form of the following compounds were interlaboratory tested using this test method, and the results were found acceptable:2
Analyte
Chemical Abstract Services
Registry Number
Bentazon
25057-89-0
2,4-D
94-75-7
2,4-DB
94-82-6
DCPA acid metabolites 2
Dicamba
1918-00-9
3,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid
51-36-5
Dichlorprop
120-36-5
5-Hydroxydicamba
7600-50-2
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
87-86-5
Picloram
1918-02-1
2,4,5-T
93-76-5
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
93-72-1
1.2 This test method may be applicable to the determination of salts and esters of analyte compounds. The form of each acid is not distinguished by this test method. Results are calculated and reported for each listed analyte as the total free acid.
1.3 This test method has been validated in an interlaboratory test for reagent water and finished tap water. The analyst should recognize that precision and bias reported in Section 18 may not be applicable to other waters.
1.4 This test method is restricted to use by or under the supervision of analysts experienced in the use of gas chromatography (GC) and in the interpretation of gas chromatograms. Each analyst must demonstrate the ability to generate acceptable results with this test method using the procedure described in 19.3. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.
1.5 Analytes that are not separated chromatographically, that is, which have very similar retention times, cannot be individually identified and measured in the same calibration mixture or water sample unless an alternate technique for identification and quantitation exists (16.6, 16.7, and 16.8).
1.6 When this test method is used to analyze unfamiliar samples for any or all of the analytes given in 1.1, analyte identifications must be confirmed by at least one additional qualitative technique.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 6, 8, 9, and 10.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers glacial acetic acid for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products. Glacial acetic acid shall be tested for purity, freezing point, color, water content, iron content, acetaldehyde content, and formic acid content, and shall conform to the requirements of the specification. Test methods, sampling, and packaging shall be in accordance with ASTM standard methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glacial (99.8 %) acetic acid for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers glacial acrylic acid (99.0% grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer and related products. The properties of the material shall be determined in accordance with the following test methods: purity; water; color; inhibitor; and dimer.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glacial acrylic acid2 (99.0 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer and related products.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of the acidity as free fatty acids in the absence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps in sulfonated and sulfated oils for the purpose of quality assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acidity as free fatty acids existing in a sample of sulfonated or sulfated oil, or both, by titrating the sample dissolved in a solvent. It is not applicable in the presence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps or salts or other compounds that do not react neutral to phenolphthalein when dissolved in alcohol.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice is issued to provide information useful in establishing sampling and handling procedures. It is expected that this information will only be utilized in conjunction with an existing health and safety program and consultation with an appropriate SDS. The information provided cannot be used as a substitute for expert safety and medical advice as provided in an appropriate SDS, but rather as a supplement to such advice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling and handling phenol, cresols and cresylic acid in solid and liquid forms, including liquids at elevated temperatures, in a safe manner that represents and preserves quality. In general, this practice also applies to xylenols, and some other alkylated phenolic materials; however, specific information regarding these materials should be sought and used if available.
1.2 Any person sampling or handling these products should consult the applicable Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for specific first aid instructions and information on the proper equipment to have available for use in the event of personal contact or exposure.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and an appropriate SDS.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 An estimate of TA purity can be determined by titrating with KOH. As an index of TA purity, the acid number can be used as a guide in the quality control of TA production.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of acid number of terephthalic acid (TA) by color-indicator titration. Acid number of TA product is usually within 674 to 676 mg KOH/g.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes requirements for purified terephthalic acid (PTA) used in the manufacturing of polymers, including the production of polyesters for fiber, filament, yarn, film, coating, bottle and resin applications. For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit. This specification covers properties and sampling of the material.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for use in the manufacturing of polymers. Some examples include the production of polyesters for fiber, filament, yarn, film, coating, bottle and resin applications.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This is a revision of the method for measuring rosin acids content combines the three major ways of determining the rosin acids content of pine chemicals products into a single method.
4.1.1 For materials containing less than 15 % rosin, the modified Glidden procedure has gained acceptance. For materials containing more than 15 % rosin the modified Wolfe Method is preferred. The modified Wolfe and modified Glidden procedures differ only in their details. They have been combined here into a single procedure. This procedure can be run using either a potentiometer or an internal indicator to determine the end point of the titration. Use of a potentiometer is preferred and is the referee method. Use of an internal indicator is the principal alternative method. They will be referred to as the Potentiometric Method and the Internal Indicator Method.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of rosin acids in tall oil, tall oil fatty acid, tall oil rosin, and other pine chemicals products.
1.2 These test methods may not be applicable to adducts or derivatives of rosin, fatty acid, or other pine chemicals products.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is suitable for the general quantitative analysis of commercial tar acid mixtures. It may be used as a tool for quality control and specification purposes by producers and users.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of phenol and certain homologues of phenol in tar acid and cresylic acid mixtures using capillary gas chromatography. It is a normalization test method that determines homolog distribution but is not an absolute assay since it does not account for water or other compounds not detected by a flame ionization detector.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process; and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
5.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control where these products are produced or used.
5.3 This test method is intended as an alternative to the HPLC method for determination of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA. The major benefits of CE are speed, simplicity, reduced reagent consumption and operating costs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with normal voltage mode and UV detection. It is applicable for 4-CBA from 5 to 400 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 400 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process; and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
5.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control where these products are produced or used.
5.3 This test method is intended as an alternative to the HPLC method for the determination of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA. The major benefits of CE are speed, simplicity, reduced reagent consumption, and operating costs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with reverse voltage mode and UV detection. It is applicable for 4-CBA from 3 to 400 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 8 to 400 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process, and 4-CBA is also imparting coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
4.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and could be used as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced or are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of the 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-Toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by weak anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method is applicable for 4-CBA from 2 to 500 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 500 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of 4-CBA and p-TOL in PTA used for the production of polyester is undesirable because they can slow down the polymerization process and 4-CBA imparts coloration to the polymer due to thermal instability.
4.2 Determining the amount of 4-CBA and p-TOL remaining from the manufacture of PTA is often required. This test method is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced or are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and p-Toluic acid (p-TOL) in purified terephthalic acid (PTA) by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method is applicable for 4-CBA from 2 to 500 mg/kg and for p-TOL from 10 to 500 mg/kg, respectively.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specification, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This is revision of the method for measuring rosin acids content combines the three major ways of determining the rosin acids content of pine chemicals products into a single method.
4.1.1 For materials containing less than 15 % rosin, the modified Glidden procedure has gained acceptance. For materials containing more than 15 % rosin the modified Wolfe Method is preferred. The modified Wolfe and modified Glidden procedures differ only in their details. They have been combined here into a single procedure. This procedure can be run using either a potentiometer or an internal indicator to determine the end point of the titration. Use of a potentiometer is preferred and is the referee method. Use of an internal indicator is the principal alternative method. They will be referred to as the Potentiometric Method and the Internal Indicator Method.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of rosin acids in tall oil, tall oil fatty acid, tall oil rosin, and other pine chemicals products.
1.2 These test methods may not be applicable to adducts or derivatives of rosin, fatty acid, or other pine chemicals products.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice is issued to provide information useful in establishing sampling and handling procedures. It is expected that this information will only be utilized in conjunction with an existing health and safety program. The information provided cannot be used as a substitute for expert safety and medical advice, but rather as a supplement to such advice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is provided to ensure that phenol and cresylic acid are properly sampled to provide representative specimens for quality assurance analyses and that they are handled in a safe manner. In general, this practice also applies to cresols, xylenols, and some other alkylated phenolic materials; however, specific information regarding these materials should be sought and used if available.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Chlorinated phenoxyacid herbicides, and other organic acids are used extensively for weed control. Esters and salts of 2,4-D and silvex have been used as aquatic herbicides in lakes, streams, and irrigation canals. Phenoxy acid herbicides can be toxic even at low concentrations. For example, the 96 h, TLm for silvex is 2.4 mg/L for bluegills (1) . These reasons make apparent the need for a standard test method for such compounds in water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a gas chromatographic procedure for the quantitative determination of selected chlorinated acids and other acidic herbicides in water. Similar chemicals may also be determined by this test method, but it is the user's responsibility to verify the applicability of this test method to any compounds not listed in this scope. The acid form of the following compounds were interlaboratory tested using this test method, and the results were found acceptable:
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful for determining the formic acid content of glacial acetic acid by chemical means.
Low molecular weight organic acids (such as acetic and propionic), aldehydes (including formaldehyde and acetaldehyde), ketones, and alcohols (including methyl alcohol) do not interfere with the test.
Formic acid (and other reducing substances) may be present as a result of contamination during storage, distribution, and manufacture. This test method may be used in assessing compliance with a specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the formic acid (and other reducing substances) content of glacial acetic acid by oxidation with lead tetraacetate.
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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