ISEL - Mechanical elements

This document specifies requirements for the most important metrological and design characteristics of plain limit gauges of linear size.
This document defines the different types of plain limit gauges used to verify linear dimensional specifications associated with linear size.
This document also defines the design characteristics and the metrological characteristics for these limit gauges as well as the new or wear limits state maximum permissible limits (MPLs) for the new state or wear limits state for these metrological characteristics.
In addition, this document describes the use of limit gauges. It covers linear sizes of up to 500 mm.

This document specifies the characteristics of grooved pins with half-length centre oval grooves (with closed ends), in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameter 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following functions:
relative rotation of the assembled parts, and
positioning or guiding,
with an easy installation (due to its symmetrical shape) and a high level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies the calibration and adjustment of the metrological characteristics of contact (stylus) instruments for the measurement of surface texture by the profile method as defined in ISO 25178-601. The calibration and adjustment specified within this document is intended to be carried out with the aid of measurement standards.
NOTE            Annex B specifies the calibration and adjustment of metrological characteristics of simplified operator contact (stylus) instruments which do not conform with ISO 25178-601.

This document specifies the design and characteristics of focus variation instruments for areal measurement of surface topography. Because surface profiles can be extracted from areal surface topography data, the methods described in this document are also applicable to profiling measurements as well.
This document applies to focus variation without pattern illumination or with fixed pattern illumination. This document does not cover methods using varying pattern illumination during the measurement.

This document specifies the characteristics of grooved pins with one-third-length centre oval grooves (with closed ends), in steel and stainless steel, and with a nominal diameter from 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following functions:
relative rotation of the assembled parts, and
positioning or guiding,
with an easy installation (due to its symmetrical shape) and a medium level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies linear spline filters for the filtration of surface profiles. It defines, in particular, how to separate large- and small-scale lateral components of surface profiles.
The concepts presented for closed profiles are applicable to the case of roundness filtration. Where appropriate, these concepts can be extended to generalized closed profiles, especially for surface profiles with re-entrant features.
Examples for the application of the spline filter are given in Annex A. The influence of the tension parameter  on the large-scale lateral component of the profile is shown in Annex B.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket countersunk head screws with reduced loadability due to head design, in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch threads M2 to M20, and with product grade A.
NOTE 1        Other dimensional options are given in ISO 888, ISO 965-1 and ISO 4753.
NOTE 2        The reduced loadability (related to the countersunk head dimensions in combination with penetration of the hexagon socket specified in this document) implies a limitation of ultimate tensile load shown by a specific marking (property class preceded by a zero). The loadability in the head is assumed to be 80 % of that in the thread for all sizes and all property classes; see Table 5.
NOTE 3        Particular attention is needed to ensure alignment of the countersunk head with the bearing surface of the countersink in the assembly.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket set screws with cup point, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M30 for steel and M1,6 to M24 for stainless steel, and with product grade A.
Set screws are not intended for use under tensile load.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies the grammar of symbols used in ISO 10360 series in order to identify metrological characteristics of coordinate measuring systems (CMSs) and their specifications.
This document does not provide the meaning of these symbols, neither of whole symbols nor of their components. These meanings are specified in the ISO 10360 documents introducing them.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket set screws with truncated cone point, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M30 for steel and M1,6 to M24 for stainless steel, and with product grade A.
Set screws are not intended for use under tensile load.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket set screws with dog point, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M30 for steel and M1,6 to M24 for stainless steel, and with product grade A.
Set screws are not intended for use under tensile load.
If, in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket set screws with flat point, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M30 for steel and M1,6 to M24 for stainless steel, and with product grade A.
Set screws are not intended for use under tensile load.
If, in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies grades and mechanical and physical properties of flat washers made of austenitic, ferritic and duplex steel
grades, designed to be used in bolted joints in combination with bolts, screws, studs and nuts with a specified property class in
accordance with ISO 3506-1 and ISO 3506-2. These types of washers may also be used with other fasteners such as screws forming
their own mating thread This part of ISO 3506 is applicable to the following flat captive and non captive washers made of corrosion resistant stainless steel: - plain washers (with or without knurls, ribs or chamfers); - square washers; - square hole washers; -
shaped plateS

This document specifies the characteristics of parallel grooved pins with pilot point and full-length diamond grooves (with closed-end at the insertion side), in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameter 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following function: locking together two or more parts, with the easiest installation (due to the pilot point) and a highest level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies the characteristics of reverse-taper grooved pins with one quarter-length progressive grooves on both sides (with closed ends), in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameters 2 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following functions:
—     relative rotation of the assembled parts,
—     locking of two (or more) parts
with an easy installation (due to its symmetrical shape) and a medium level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies requirements for indicating linear sizes.
This document establishes the default specification operator (see ISO 17450-2) and defines a special specification operator for linear sizes.
This document is applicable to the following features of linear size (see ISO 17450-1):
—     cylinders;
—     spheres;
—     two parallel opposite planes.
This document provides a set of tools to express several types of linear size characteristics. It does not present any information on the relationship between a function or a use and a linear size characteristic.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque (all metal) hexagon regular nuts, in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch thread M5 to M39, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall height hmin = mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 4032 for style 1) plus the prevailing torque feature. hmax has been established in function of hmin; therefore, the tolerance (hmax – hmin) does not follow the ISO code system for tolerances (IT system).
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque hexagon high nuts (with non‑metallic insert), in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch thread M5 to M39, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall height equal to mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 4033 for style 2) plus the prevailing torque feature. The height of the prevailing torque feature (hmax – mmin) for the non-metallic insert is identical for regular, high and thin nuts for a given diameter.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the general characteristics of grooved pins, made of steel and stainless steel, with nominal diameters 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following functions, due to the elastic fit behaviour of the grooves:
—     locking of two (or more) parts,
—     positioning or guiding,
—     relative rotation of the assembled parts.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque hexagon thin nuts (with non‑metallic insert), in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch thread M3 to M39, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall height equal to mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 4035 for style 0) plus the prevailing torque feature. The height of the prevailing torque feature (hmax – mmin) for the non-metallic insert is identical for regular, high and thin nuts for a given diameter.
Nuts with sizes D < M5 and design principles in accordance with style 0 are specified in Annex A.
WARNING — Thin nuts (style 0) have a reduced loadability compared to regular or high nuts, they are not designed to provide resistance to thread stripping (see ISO 898-2).
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, stainless steel grades and property classes can be selected from ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque hexagon regular nuts (with non‑metallic insert), in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch thread M3 to M39, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall height equal to mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 4032 for style 1) plus the prevailing torque feature. The height of the prevailing torque feature (hmax – mmin) for the non-metallic insert is identical for regular, high and thin nuts for a given diameter.
Nuts with sizes D < M5 and design principles in accordance with style 1 are specified in Annex A.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque (all metal) hexagon high nuts, in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch thread M5 to M39, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall heigth hmin = mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 4033 for style 2) plus the prevailing torque feature. hmax has been established in function of hmin; therefore, the tolerance (hmax – hmin) does not follow the ISO code system for tolerances (IT system). The wrenching height mw,min corresponds to the values specified for style 1.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque (all metal) hexagon high nuts, in steel and stainless steel, with metric fine pitch thread 8 mm to 39 mm, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall height hmin = mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 8674 for style 2) plus the prevailing torque feature. hmax has been established in function of hmin; therefore, the tolerance (hmax – hmin) does not follow the ISO code system for tolerances (IT system). The wrenching height mw,min corresponds to the values specified for style 1.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque hexagon regular nuts (with non‑metallic insert), in steel and stainless steel, with metric fine pitch thread 8 mm to 39 mm, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall height equal to mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 8673 for style 1) plus the prevailing torque feature. The height of the prevailing torque feature (hmax – mmin) for the non-metallic insert is identical for regular, high and thin nuts for a given diameter.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque (all metal) hexagon high nuts with slot(s), in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch thread M5 to M39, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with mmin as specified ISO 4032 and with an overall height h greater than in ISO 7042, in order to accommodate the prevailing torque feature with slot(s); this height h contributes to the nut resistance due to the number of engaged threads. hmin values have been calculated as a function of hmax together with a ratio hmax/D that progresses regularly with increasing diameter; therefore, the tolerance (hmax – hmin) does not follow the ISO code system for tolerances (IT system).
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the most important design and metrological characteristics of two-point inside micrometers:
—    with a scale interval or digital step of 0,001 mm and 0,01 mm;
—    with analogue or digital indication.
This document is applicable to two-point inside micrometers with and without interchangeable extensions.
This document does not apply to micrometers fitted with a dial gauge, or to jaw micrometers.

This document specifies the characteristics of parallel grooved pins with half-length diamond grooves (with closed ends), in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameters 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following functions:
—     positioning or guiding, and
—     relative rotation of the assembled parts,
with a more significant insertion force (due to its shape) and a high level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies the characteristics of taper grooved pins with half-length progressive grooves (with close-end at the insertion side), in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameter 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following functions:
—     positioning or guiding, and
—     relative rotation of the assembled parts,
with an easy installation (due to its shape) and a medium level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document defines the terminology and develops concepts for profile morphological segmentation. In particular it specifies the watershed segmentation method, the Wolf pruning method and the crossing-the-line method. This document assumes a continuous surface.

This document specifies the characteristics of reverse-taper grooved pins with half-length progressive grooves (with closed ends), in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameter 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following functions:
—     positioning or guiding, and
—     relative rotation of the assembled parts,
with an easy installation (due to its shape) and a medium level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies the characteristics of parallel grooved pins with chamfer point and full-length diamond grooves (with open ends), in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameter 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following function: locking together two or more parts, with an easy installation (due to the chamfer point) and a highest level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies the characteristics of taper grooved pins with full-length progressive grooves (with closed end at the insertion side), in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameter 1 mm to 25 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following function: locking together two or more parts, with an easy installation (due to its shape) and a high level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies the characteristics of grooved pins with countersunk head and full-length diamond grooves and pilot or chamfer point, in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameter 2 mm to 20 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following function: locking together two or more parts, with the easiest installation (due to the pilot or chamfer point) and a highest level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies the characteristics of grooved pins with round head, full-length diamond grooves and pilot point or chamfered point, in steel and stainless steel, and with nominal diameter 2 mm to 20 mm.
These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following function: locking together two or more parts, with the easiest installation (due to the pilot or chamfer point) and a highest level of pull-out resistance (due to the elastic fit behaviour of the pin).
The general requirements (including functional principles for grooved pins and assembly) are specified in ISO 13669.

This document specifies the design, metrological characteristics and nominal characteristics of contact stylus instruments for the areal measurement of surface topography. Because surface profiles can be extracted from areal surface topography data, the methods described in this document are also applicable to profiling measurements.

This document specifies the design and metrological characteristics of point autofocus probe (PAP) instruments for the areal measurement of surface topography. Because surface profiles can be extracted from areal surface topography data, the methods described in this document are also applicable to profiling measurements.

This document specifies the design and metrological characteristics of phase shifting interferometry (PSI) instruments for the areal measurement of surface topography. Because surface profiles can be extracted from areal surface topography data, the methods described in this document are also applicable to profiling measurements.

This document specifies the design and metrological characteristics of a particular non-contact instrument for measuring surface texture using a confocal chromatic probe based on axial chromatic aberration of white light. Additional metrological characteristics can be found in ISO 25178-600. Because surface profiles can be extracted from areal surface topography data, the methods described in this document are also applicable to profiling measurements.

This document specifies the design and metrological characteristics of coherence scanning interferometry (CSI) instruments for the areal measurement of surface topography. Because surface profiles can be extracted from surface topography data, the methods described in this document are also applicable to profiling measurements.

This document specifies robust Gaussian regression filters for the filtration of surface profiles. It defines, in particular, how to separate large- and small-scale lateral components of surface profiles with protruding dales and hills.
The concept presented for closed profiles are applicable to the case of roundness filtering. Where appropriate, these concept can be extended to generalized closed profiles, especially for surface profiles with re-entrant features.

This document specifies linear Gaussian filters for the filtration of surface profiles. It defines, in particular, how to separate large- and small-scale lateral components of surface profiles.
The concept presented for closed profiles are applicable to the case of roundness filtration. Where appropriate, these concept can be extended to generalized closed profiles, especially for surface profiles with re-entrant features.
Implementation details are given in Annex A for open profiles and Annex B for closed profiles.

This document specifies the mechanical and physical properties of set screws and similar fasteners not under tensile stress, made of corrosion resistant austenitic and duplex stainless steels, with specified grades and hardness classes.
ISO 3506-6 provides general rules and additional technical information on suitable stainless steels and their properties (detailed properties of stainless steel grades, corrosion behaviour with regards to pitting, crevice and intergranular corrosion, magnetic properties, etc.).
WARNING — Set screws conforming to the requirements of this document are tested at the ambient temperature range of 10 °C to 35 °C and are used in application ranging from –20 °C to +150 °C. It is possible that they do not retain the specified mechanical and physical properties at lower and/or elevated temperatures. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the user to determine the appropriate choices based on service environment conditions of the assembly (see also Clauses 5 and 6).
This document applies to set screws and similar fasteners not under tensile stress
—     with ISO metric thread in accordance with ISO 68-1,
—     with diameter/pitch combinations in accordance with ISO 261 and ISO 262,
—     with nominal thread diameter 1,6 mm to 24 mm,
—     with thread tolerances in accordance with ISO 965-1 and ISO 965-2,
—     with specified hardness classes, and
—     of any shape.
NOTE            The term set screw is used in the following for all screws and similar fasteners not under tensile stress within the scope of this document.
This document does not apply to screws under tensile stress (see ISO 3506-1). It does not specify requirements for functional properties such as shear strength or weldability.

This document specifies the mechanical and physical properties of tapping screws made of corrosion resistant austenitic, martensitic, ferritic and duplex stainless steels, with specified grades and hardness classes.
ISO 3506-6 provides general rules and additional technical information on suitable stainless steels and their properties (detailed properties of stainless steel grades, corrosion behaviour with regards to pitting, crevice and intergranular corrosion, magnetic properties, etc.).
WARNING — Tapping screws conforming to the requirements of this document are tested at the ambient temperature range of 10 °C to 35 °C and are used in applications ranging from –20 °C to +150 °C. It is possible that they do not retain the specified mechanical and physical properties at lower and/or elevated temperatures. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the user to determine the appropriate choices based on service environment conditions of the assembly (see also Clauses 5 and 6).
This document applies to tapping screws with threads ST2,2 to ST8, in accordance with ISO 1478.
This document does not apply to tapping screws with special properties, such as weldability.

This document specifies terminology, rules and methodology for the indication and understanding of datums and datum systems in technical product documentation. This document also provides explanations to assist the user in understanding the concepts involved.
This document defines the specification operator (see ISO 17450-2) used to establish a datum or datum system. The verification operator (see ISO 17450-2) can take different forms (physically or mathematically) and is not the subject of this document.
NOTE            The detailed rules for maximum and least material requirements for datums are given in ISO 2692.

This document specifies the most important design and metrological characteristics of rotary axis form-measuring instruments.
It is not applicable to coordinate measurement systems as defined by the ISO 10360 series, whether the systems are fitted with a rotary axis or not, except by special agreement.

This document specifies the characteristics of slotted set screws with cup point, in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M12 and with product grade A.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5, or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies the characteristics of slotted set screws with long dog point for regular standard lengths and with short dog point for short standard lengths, in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M12 and with product grade A.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies the characteristics of slotted set screws with cone point, in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,2 to M12, and with product grade A.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies the characteristics of slotted set screws with flat point, in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,2 to M12, and with product grade A.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.