oSIST prEN ISO 14451-2:2026

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2026
Pirotehnični izdelki - Pirotehnični izdelki za vozila - 2. del: Preskusne metode
(ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026)
Pyrotechnic articles - Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles - Part 2: Test methods (ISO/DIS
14451-2:2026)
Pyrotechnische Gegenstände - Pyrotechnische Gegenstände für Fahrzeuge - Teil 2:
Prüfverfahren (ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026)
Articles pyrotechniques - Articles pyrotechniques pour véhicules - Partie 2: Méthodes
d'essai (ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 14451-2
ICS:
43.040.99 Drugi sistemi za cestna vozila Other road vehicle systems
71.100.30 Eksplozivi. Pirotehnika in Explosives. Pyrotechnics and
ognjemeti fireworks
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 14451-2
ISO/TC 22/SC 36
Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic
Secretariat: AFNOR
articles for vehicles —
Voting begins on:
Part 2: 2026-01-12
Test methods
Voting terminates on:
2026-04-06
Articles pyrotechniques — Articles pyrotechniques pour
véhicules —
Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai
ICS: 43.040.80; 71.100.30
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Reference number
ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
DRAFT
ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 14451-2
ISO/TC 22/SC 36
Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic
Secretariat: AFNOR
articles for vehicles —
Voting begins on:
Part 2:
2026-01-12
Test methods
Voting terminates on:
2026-04-06
Articles pyrotechniques — Articles pyrotechniques pour
véhicules —
Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai
ICS: 43.040.80; 71.100.30
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
© ISO 2026
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
ii
ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test methods . 1
4.1 Verification of design and documentation .1
4.2 Drop test .2
4.2.1 Purpose .2
4.2.2 Equipment .2
4.2.3 Test conditions .2
4.2.4 Test procedure.2
4.3 Vibration and temperature test .3
4.3.1 Purpose .3
4.3.2 Equipment .3
4.3.3 Test conditions .3
4.3.4 Test procedure.3
4.4 Thermal humidity cycling test .4
4.4.1 Purpose .4
4.4.2 Equipment .4
4.4.3 Test condition .4
4.4.4 Test procedure.4
4.5 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) test .5
4.5.1 Purpose .5
4.5.2 Equipment .5
4.5.3 Test conditions .7
4.5.4 Test procedure.7
4.6 Fire test .9
4.6.1 Purpose .9
4.6.2 Equipment .9
4.6.3 Test conditions .10
4.6.4 Test procedure.11
4.7 Igniter test .11
4.7.1 Purpose .11
4.7.2 Test procedure.11
4.8 Tank test .11
4.8.1 Purpose .11
4.8.2 Equipment .11
4.8.3 Test conditions . 12
4.8.4 Test procedure. 12
4.9 Functioning test (regular) . 12
4.9.1 Purpose . 12
4.9.2 Equipment . 12
4.9.3 Test conditions . 12
4.9.4 Test procedure. 12
4.10 Functioning test with height measurement . 13
4.10.1 Purpose . 13
4.10.2 Equipment . 13
4.10.3 Test procedure. 13
4.11 Sensitivity test . 15
4.11.1 Purpose . 15
4.11.2 Equipment . 15
4.11.3 Test procedure. 15
Annex A (normative) Definition of temperature build-up time, t . 17
e
iii
ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
Annex B (normative) Probit test (PBBS test) . . 19
Annex C (normative) Bruceton method.25
Annex D (informative) Guideline for the vibration test .29
Bibliography .30

iv
ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 36, Safety
and impact testing.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14451-2:2013), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— The new test method 4.10 “Functioning test with height measurement” was added.
— Wording and equipment were homogenised between 4.9 “Functioning test” and 4.10 “Functioning test
with height measurement”.
— The new test method 4.11 “Sensitivity test” was added.
— The vibration spectra and its specifications were moved as an informative annex.
A list of all parts in the ISO 14451 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

v
DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles —
Part 2:
Test methods
1 Scope
This document establishes uniform test methods for pyrotechnic articles for vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
ISO/DIS 14451-1:2025 , Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 1: Vocabulary
1)
ISO/DIS 14451-3:2025 , Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 3: Labelling
1)
ISO/DIS 14451-5:2025 , Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 5: Requirements and
categorization for airbag gas generators
1)
ISO/DIS 14451-6:2025 , Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 6: Requirements and
categorization for airbag modules
1)
ISO/DIS 14451-7:2025 , Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 7: Requirements and
categorization for seatbelt pretensioners
1)
ISO/DIS 14451-9:2025 , Pyrotechnic articles — Pyrotechnic articles for vehicles — Part 9: Requirements and
categorization for actuators
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/DIS 14451-1:2025 apply.
NOTE Wherever reference is made to pyrotechnic article(s) only pyrotechnic articles for vehicles are meant.
4 Test methods
4.1 Verification of design and documentation
The manufacturer shall supply a document which describes the pyrotechnic article. The typical content of
the document shall include the following information:
— description of the purpose of the pyrotechnic article;
— sketch with external dimensions;
— total mass of the pyrotechnic article;
1) Under Preparation at DIS stage

ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
— cross section and part list;
— mass and pyrotechnic composition(s) contained in the article;
— description of intended behaviour;
— description of foreseeable behaviour during fire test if applicable;
— proposed labelling in accordance with ISO/DIS 14451-3:2025;
— safety data sheet/handling instructions, including electrical characteristics (e.g. all-fire current, no-fire
current, resistance, etc.) which shall be provided with the pyrotechnic article.
This shall be verified by visual inspection by the naked eye.
4.2 Drop test
4.2.1 Purpose
The purpose of this test is to determine whether the pyrotechnic article experiences any detrimental effect
when dropped from a specified height and at specified orientations.
4.2.2 Equipment
A steel impact plate of a minimum of 1 m x 1 m with at least 10 mm thickness, resting on a solid floor, with a
fixture that supports the pyrotechnic article at the specified height, shall be used.
4.2.3 Test conditions
+02,
The drop height shall be 1 m.
The test shall be done with the pyrotechnic article at ambient temperature.
4.2.4 Test procedure
Mount one pyrotechnic article into the support fixture at the specified height above the impact plate and
oriented such that it will fall in one of the six directions indicated in Figure 1. Disarm the trigger device, if
included in the pyrotechnic article.
Release the pyrotechnic article, allowing it to free fall onto the impact plate. Repeat the test using the same
pyrotechnic article oriented to fall in the opposite direction.
Repeat the test twice more, once using a second pyrotechnic article and once using a third pyrotechnic
article, each time along one of the remaining directions indicated in Figure 1.

ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
Figure 1 — Definition of main axes
4.3 Vibration and temperature test
4.3.1 Purpose
The purpose of this test is to determine the ability of the pyrotechnic article to withstand vibration and
temperature conditions. The test may be performed simultaneously or sequentially.
4.3.2 Equipment
The equipment shall consist of a vibration table capable of producing the vibration loads as characterized in
Figure D.1 and a climatic chamber capable of controlling the temperature during the test in accordance with
Figure 2. In case the test is being performed simultaneously the vibration table shall be mounted within the
climatic chamber.
4.3.3 Test conditions
The temperature tolerance shall be ±2,5 °C.
4.3.4 Test procedure
Fix the pyrotechnic article to the vibration table by an appropriate method insuring correct transmission
of the vibration load. Apply random vibration (refer to Annex D for typical specifications) along each of the
three main axes (see Figure 1) of each pyrotechnic article for 24 h.
Place the pyrotechnic article in the climatic chamber. The temperature shall be changed in accordance with
Figure 2. It may be changed simultaneously with application of the vibration load.

ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
Key
X time, expressed in hours
Y temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius
a
Duration of one cycle: 24 h.
Figure 2 — Temperature cycle
4.4 Thermal humidity cycling test
4.4.1 Purpose
The purpose of this test is to determine the ability of the pyrotechnic article to withstand high humidity and
temperature variations.
4.4.2 Equipment
A climatic chamber with recirculating air shall be used.
4.4.3 Test condition
The temperature tolerance shall be ±2,5 °C.
4.4.4 Test procedure
Place the pyrotechnic article in the climatic chamber and subject it to 30 thermal humidity cycles in
accordance with Figure 3.
NOTE 1 The temperature reference point is within the propelling media.

ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
Key
X time, expressed in hours
Y relative air humidity, expressed as a percentage
Y temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius
a
Lead time.
b
Duration of one cycle: 24 h, or less using t .
e
c
Or: reference temperature build-up time, t .
e
NOTE 2 The relevant temperature build-up times, t , may be used instead of the given hours; if t is used, it shall be
e e
determined prior to the test according to the procedure in Annex A.
Figure 3 — Thermal humidity cycle
4.5 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) test
4.5.1 Purpose
The purpose of this test is to prove the ability of the pyrotechnic article to withstand electrostatic discharges
without unintended ignition.
4.5.2 Equipment
An ESD generator capable of producing the test pulse, adjustable within the limits given in 4.5.3, shall be
used consisting in its main parts of the following and meeting the respective requirements:
— charging resistor: resistance, R , between 50 MΩ and 100 MΩ;
ch
ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
— energy-storage capacitor: capacitance, C ; (C + C ) 150 pF ± 10 %;
s s d
— distributed capacitance, C ;
d
— hand capacitor: capacitance, C of 10 pF ± 10 %;
h
— discharge resistor: resistance, R , of 330 Ω ± 10 %;
d
— voltage indicator: tolerance of the output voltage indication, ±5 %;
— output voltage (see Note 1 of Figure 4), up to 8 kV (nominal) for contact discharge;
— polarity of the output voltage: positive and negative;
— discharge switch;
— discharge return cable;
— holding time: at least 5 s;
— discharge, mode of operation: single discharge; the generator should be able to generate at a rate of at
least 20 discharges per second for exploratory purposes only;
— time between successive discharges: at least 1 s;
— power supply unit.
NOTE Open circuit voltage is measured at the energy storage capacitor.
The generator shall be provided with a means of preventing unintended radiated or conducted emissions,
of either pulse or continuous type, so that the pyrotechnic article and auxiliary test equipment are not
disturbed by these effects.
The discharge return cable of the test generator shall be constructed to allow the generator to meet the
waveform specification. It shall be sufficiently insulated to prevent the flow, during the ESD test, of the
discharge current to personnel or conducting surfaces other than via its termination.
Figure 4 presents a simplified diagram of the ESD generator. Construction details are not given.

ISO/DIS 14451-2:2026(en)
Key
1 DC HV supply
2 charging resistor (R )
ch
3 discharge resistor (R )
d
4 discharge switch
5 discharge contact
6 energy-storage capacitor (C )
s
7 hand capacitor (C )
h
8 discharge return connection
NOTE 1 C , omitted from Figure 4, is a distributed capacitance existing between generator and the pyrotechnic
d
article, ground reference planes and coupling planes.
NOTE 2 Because the capaci
...