EN IEC 63281-3-2:2024

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2024
E-prevozniki - 3-2. del: Preskusne metode delovanja mobilnosti tovornih e-
prevoznikov (IEC 63281-3-2:2024)
E-Transporters - Part 3-2: Performance test methods for mobility of cargo e-Transporters
(IEC 63281-3-2:2024)
Elektrokleinstfahrzeuge - Teil 3-2: Leistungsprüfverfahren für die Beweglichkeit von
Lasten-Elektrokleinstfahrzeugen (IEC 63281-3-2:2024)
E-transporteurs - Partie 3-2: Méthodes d’essai de performances pour la mobilité des e-
transporteurs de marchandises (IEC 63281-3-2:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 63281-3-2:2024
ICS:
43.120 Električna cestna vozila Electric road vehicles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 63281-3-2

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM June 2024
ICS 43.120
English Version
E-Transporters - Part 3-2: Performance test methods for mobility
of cargo e-Transporters
(IEC 63281-3-2:2024)
e-Transporteurs - Partie 3-2: Méthodes d'essai de Elektrokleinstfahrzeuge - Teil 3-2: Leistungsprüfverfahren
performances pour la mobilité des e-Transporteurs de für die Beweglichkeit von Lasten-Elektrokleinstfahrzeugen
marchandises (IEC 63281-3-2:2024)
(IEC 63281-3-2:2024)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2024-06-12. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
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Türkiye and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 63281-3-2:2024 E

European foreword
The text of document 125/95/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 63281-3-2, prepared by IEC/TC 125 "e-
Transporters " was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2025-03-12
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2027-06-12
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 63281-3-2:2024 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cencenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 63281-1 2023 E-Transporters - Part 1: Terminology and EN IEC 63281-1 2023
classification
IEC 63281-3-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2024-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
E-Transporters –
Part 3-2: Performance test methods for mobility of cargo e-Transporters

e-Transporteurs –
Partie 3-2: Méthodes d’essai de performances pour la mobilité des e-

Transporteurs de marchandises
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 43.120  ISBN 978-2-8322-8832-0

– 2 – IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Test conditions . 8
4.1 Overview. 8
4.2 Environmental conditions . 8
4.3 Testing surface condition . 8
4.4 Test equipment . 9
5 Preparation of CeT for testing . 9
6 Maximum speed . 9
6.1 Test purposes . 9
6.2 Test facility . 9
6.3 Test procedure . 10
6.4 Result record . 11
7 Maximum climbing angle . 11
7.1 Test purposes . 11
7.2 Test facility . 11
7.3 Test procedure . 12
7.4 Result record . 13
8 Maximum climbing speed . 14
8.1 Test purposes . 14
8.2 Test facility . 14
8.3 Test procedure . 14
8.4 Result record . 14
9 Turning characteristics . 15
9.1 Test purposes . 15
9.2 Test facility . 15
9.3 Test procedure . 16
9.4 Result record . 17
10 Gap detection . 17
10.1 Test purposes . 17
10.2 Test facility . 18
10.3 Test procedure . 19
10.4 Result record . 19
11 Narrowest passing width . 20
11.1 Test purposes . 20
11.2 Test facility . 20
11.3 Test procedure . 20
11.4 Result record . 21
12 Specific object detection . 22
12.1 Test purposes . 22
12.2 Test facility . 22
12.3 Test procedure . 23

IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024 – 3 –
12.4 Result record . 25
13 Typical object-detection distance . 25
13.1 Test purposes . 25
13.2 Test facility . 25
13.3 Test procedure . 26
13.4 Result record . 26
Bibliography . 28

Figure 1 – Maximum speed test . 10
Figure 2 – Maximum climbing angle test . 12
Figure 3 –U-turn test . 15
Figure 4 – Three-point navigation test . 16
Figure 5 – L-turn test . 16
Figure 6 – Gap detection test . 18
Figure 7 –The narrowest passing width test . 20
Figure 8 –Specific object detection test . 23
Figure 9 – Typical object detecting distance test . 26

Table 1 – Maximum speed test record table . 11
Table 2 – Maximum climbing angle test configuration . 13
Table 3 – Maximum climbing angle test record table . 13
Table 4 – Maximum climbing speed test record table . 14
Table 5 – Turning characteristics test record table . 17
Table 6 – Gap detection test record table . 19
Table 7 – Narrowest passing width test record table . 21
Table 8 – Specific objects . 22
Table 9 – Object detection test configuration . 24
Table 10 – Specific object detection test record table . 25
Table 11 – Typical object detecting distance test record table . 27

– 4 – IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
E-TRANSPORTERS –
Part 3-2: Performance test methods for mobility of cargo e-Transporters

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent
the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 63281-3-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 125: e-Transporters. It is an
International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
125/95/FDIS 125/100/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.

IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024 – 5 –
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 63281 series, published under the general title e-Transporters, can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

– 6 – IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024
INTRODUCTION
At the time of writing of this document, the global market scale of cargo e-Transporters is about
US $ 30 billion, with a wide range of application scenarios, which can meet the needs for
short-distance distribution, low-carbon and environmental protection.
However, there is currently no international standard for this kind of product. The mobility of
cargo e-Transporters is the key index of their performance, including their maximum speed,
maximum climbing angle, maximum climbing speed, turning characteristics, gap detection,
narrowest passing width, specific object detection, and typical object detecting distance.
This document specifies the performance criteria and related test methods for cargo
e-Transporters.
IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024 – 7 –
E-TRANSPORTERS –
Part 3-2: Performance test methods for mobility of cargo e-Transporters

1 Scope
This document is applicable to electrically powered transport devices for use on public roads or
in public spaces and which are primarily designed for transporting cargo ("cargo
e-Transporters"). The typical application environment of cargo e-Transporters includes the
following: for the purposes of hotels, restaurants, office buildings, hospitals,
industrial/recreational parks, public roads, etc.
This document specifies performance criteria and evaluation methods for the mobility of cargo
e-Transporters.
This document does not include safety and performance requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 63281-1:2023, E-Transporters – Part 1: Terminology and classification
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 63281-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
cargo e-Transporter
CeT
e-Transporter that is primarily designed for transporting cargo or goods, or both
[SOURCE: IEC 63281-1:2023, 3.4]
3.2
rated speed
speed that the CeT can achieve in normal operating conditions with rated load without any
degradation of performance according to the specification

– 8 – IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024
3.3
rated load
maximum allowed weight of cargo(s) transported by the CeT, as defined by the manufacturer
[SOURCE: IEC 63281-1:2023, 3.14, modified – Replaced the term "e-Transporter" with "CeT"
and deleted the content about the person.]
3.4
localization
process of identifying or distinguishing the position of the CeT on the environment map
[SOURCE: IEC 63281-1:2023, 3.21, modified – Replaced the term "e-Transporter" with "CeT".]
3.5
trial
single instance of a performance measurement that can be carried out under identical
conditions and be repeated multiple times
4 Test conditions
4.1 Overview
Before testing, the CeT shall be set up and properly warmed up.
The CeT shall be in normal working condition to ensure intended operation during the whole
test process.
Unless otherwise specified, the CeT shall be tested at rated speed under rated load.
NOTE "Normal working condition" means the operating condition intended by the manufacturer.
4.2 Environmental conditions
Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, all tests shall be performed under the following
environmental conditions:
– Relative humidity: (20 to 60) %;
– Temperature: (10 to 30) °C;
– Atmospheric pressure: (86 to 106) kPa;
– Illumination: > 200 lx;
– Wind speed: The average wind speed measured 0,7 m above the ground shall be less than
3 m/s, and the maximum speed of gusts shall be less than 5 m/s.
For the repeatability and reproducibility of tests, avoid changing the environmental conditions
during the test and record them in the test results.
4.3 Testing surface condition
In principle, select the severest test ground or slope surface according to the expected use
scenario so that it can reflect the most unfavourable condition (such as wooden, ceramic tile
floor, concrete or asphalt surface, etc.), and usually the kinetic friction coefficient should be
0,75 to 1,0, unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer.
NOTE The kinetic friction coefficient is in accordance with ISO 7176-13.

IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024 – 9 –
4.4 Test equipment
Relative to the specified value or actual value, the accuracy of all control values or measured
values should be within the following tolerance range:
a) Voltage: ±0,2 %;
b) Current: ±1 %;
c) Temperature: ±2 °C;
d) Position resolution ≤ 1 cm;
e) Position accuracy ≤ 1 cm;
f) Angle resolution ≤ 3°;
g) Angle accuracy ≤ 5°;
h) Data sampling frequency ≥ 30 Hz;
i) Time resolution ≤ 0,01 s;
j) Time accuracy ≤ 0,02 s.
5 Preparation of CeT for testing
The testing of the CeT shall be as follows:
a) Adjust CeT to the typical configuration specified by the manufacturer;
b) Function inspection of the CeT shall be carried out before testing to ensure normal
operation;
c) Before testing the CeT, the battery shall complete at least one charge-discharge cycle. The
operation of discharge limit defined by the manufacturer shall be carried out under normal
operation according to the manufacturer's instructions;
d) Before the test of the CeT, the battery shall be fully charged as specified by the
manufacturer;
e) The rated load shall be reasonably and evenly distributed when tested under rated load
conditions.
6 Maximum speed
6.1 Test purposes
This test evaluates the maximum allowable driving speed of the CeT under the rated load.
6.2 Test facility
The test shall be conducted on a long straight flat concrete or asphalt surface.
The demonstration of maximum speed test is shown in Figure 1. The length of the measurement
section is not less than 5 m, and the width of the measurement section should ensure that the
CeT can pass normally. Sufficient space should be reserved at each end of the measurement
section for acceleration and deceleration of the CeT.

– 10 – IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024

Key:
A: initial start point (+)
B: initial start point (−)
1: measurement start line (+)/measurement stop line (−)
2: measurement stop line (−)/measurement start line (+)
3: central line
a: acceleration section (+)/deceleration section (−)
b: measurement section
c: deceleration section (+)/acceleration section (−)
Figure 1 – Maximum speed test
6.3 Test procedure
The test steps are as follows:
1) select an initial point in the positive direction and record the length of the measurement
section;
2) place the CeT with rated load at the initial point;
3) the CeT moves from the initial point and shall accelerate to stable speed before reaching
the start line;
4) the CeT moves along the central line from the start line to the stop line. Record the time of
the CeT passing through the measurement section;
5) after passing through the stop line, the CeT decelerates to stop. The average speed is
calculated according to Formula (1) and is then recorded:
S
V=
(1)
t
where
V is the average speed for each trial, in metres per second (m/s);
S is the length of the measurement section, in metres (m);
t is the passing time for each trial, in seconds (s).
6) repeat steps 2) to 5) for three trials. A trial is regarded as a failure and is terminated in
advance if the CeT does not reach the stop line or if it deviates from the central line by more
than 10 % of the length of the measurement section;

IEC 63281-3-2:2024 © IEC 2024 – 11 –
7) after three successful trials, select an initial point in the negative direction and repeat the
test procedure in steps 2) to 6).
8) after three successful trials, the test is terminated. Take the minimum value of average
speed in both positive and negative directions as the maximum speed.
6.4 Result record
After the test, fill in the test result in Table 1. The test results shall include information such as
the conditions of the concrete or asphalt surface (surface material, kinetic friction coefficient,
etc.), and the loading weight of the CeT.
Table 1 – Maximum speed test record table
Length of the
Loading weight
measurement section
(kg)
(m)
 Operated by the human pilot
Operating condition
 Autonomous driving without human intervention
Conditions of the
concrete or surface
T t t t t t
Passing time
1+ 2+ 3+ 1- 2- 3-
(s)
V V V V V V
Average speed
1+ 2+ 3+ 1- 2- 3-
(m/s)
Maximum speed
(m/s)
7 Maximum climbing angle
7.1 Test purposes
This test evaluates the maximum climbing angle of a CeT in a specific direction of movement
under no load and at rated load.
7.2 Test facility
The test shall be conducted on a slope with adjustable slope angles.
The demonstration of maximum climbing angle test is shown in Figure 2. A straight flat concrete
or asphalt surface shall be set before and after the slope. The accuracy of angle adjustment
shall be within ±0,5°. The length of the slope is usually not less than 5 times the length of the
CeT to ensure its normal travelling. The width of the slope shall be wide enough such that the
CeT can travel laterally on the slope for more than 1 m. Safety guardrails or barriers shall be
added on both sides of the slope to prevent th
...