ASTM D6801-07(2015)

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Designation: D6801 − 07 D6801 − 07 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Maximum Spontaneous Heating Temperature of
Art and Other Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6801; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a small-scale laboratory procedure to determine the self heating tendency of oil-based materials by
exposure to elevated temperatures in air in a controlled semi-adiabatic system.
1.2 This test method has been developed to address an urgent need to identify oil-based materials that may require labeling for
spontaneous heating tendency. Studies based on this test method may allow the development of a practice to identify such oil-based
materials.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For safety concerns specific to disposal of solvent-soaked rags, see Appendix X1.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E633 Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Creep and Stress-Rupture Testing to 1800°F (1000°C) in Air
E771 Test Method for Spontaneous Heating Tendency of Materials (Withdrawn 2001)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 maximum spontaneous heating temperature, n—maximum temperature reached during spontaneous heating under the
specified test conditions.
3.1.2 oil-based materials, n—seed and nut oils or materials that contain such oils.
3.1.3 spontaneous heating, n—exothermic reaction of a material due to slow or incomplete reaction that results in a temperature
rise above that of its surroundings (see Test Method E771); also called self heating.
3.2 Symbols:
3.2.1 T —difference between maximum spontaneous heating temperature and control temperature.
D
3.2.2 T —maximum spontaneous heating temperature.
S
3.2.3 T —control temperature or maximum spontaneous temperature measured over 1 h immediately preceding the beginning
C
of an experiment.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A non-woven paper cloth is covered uniformly in 9.0 mL of test material mixed with 0.25 mL of 6 to 10 % manganese drier.
This covered pad is then put in a small stainless steel holder with air holes in the sides. This holder is placed in a larger chamber,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.
Current edition approved June 1, 2007Dec. 1, 2015. Published July 2007December 2015. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 as
D6801 – 02a.– 07. DOI: 10.1520/D6801-07.10.1520/D6801-07R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
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D6801 − 07 (2015)
FIG. 1 Spontaneous Combustion Apparatus
which is opened to the air from the top and heated until peak temperature is reached. The maximum spontaneous heating
temperature inside the soaked paper cloth is recorded with a K thermocouple and maximum temperature recorder with the base
temperature adjusted to 70 6 2°C.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a means of accelerating the tendency of a material toward spontaneous heating that may
eventually lead to a fire. It is applicable to liquids and pastes.
5.2 The spontaneous heating behavior of an oil-based material is affected by such factors as the availability of oxygen, the
amount of driers present, the degree of polymerization of oils, the surface area of the cellulose material, measures to prevent heat
dissipation, and the amount of oil in contact with cellulose material. The degree of spontaneous heating bears little relationship
to the type of cellulose material to which an oil-based material comes in contact or whether or not oil soaked materials are first
air dried. Small amounts of contaminants, such as oil paint, quartz dust, dirt or drier (for example, materials that might be found
on a dirty, oil-soaked rag), can act as catalysts for this reaction.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Constant Temperature Water Bath—set so that the base internal temperature of the test materials is 70 6 2°C, see Fig. 1.
6.2 K Thermocouple, as described in Guide E633.
6.3 Maximum Temperature Recorder, which records maximum spontaneous heating temperature during a specified interval and
is accurate to at least 60.3°C and calibrated against NIST traceable standards.
6.4 Stainless Steel Chamber for Water Bath—See Fig. 1 for dimensions.
1 1
6.5 Stainless Steel Holder (for paper cloth)—Ten equally spaced 3-mm ( ⁄8-in.) holes are drilled at 13 mm ( ⁄2 in.) above the
1 3
base. The holder is made with 2 mm ( ⁄16 in.) stainless steel sheeting to form an open-topped box having a size of 70 mm (2 ⁄4
1 2
in.) wide by 80 mm (3 ⁄8 in.) high by 30 mm (1 ⁄8 in.) thick (see Fig. 1). Close seams with spot welding.
7. Materials
7.1 Non-woven Paper Cloth in rolls, 6.5 to 7.5 g/sheet. Sheet size is 20 by 30 cm (8 by 12 in.) and sheet density is 0.12 gm/cm .
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