ASTM D2489/D2489M-16

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Designation: D2489/D2489M − 08 D2489/D2489M − 16
Standard Practice for Test Method for
Estimating Degree of Particle Coating of Bituminous-
AggregateAsphalt Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2489/D2489M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides an estimate of the degree of particle coating in a bituminous-aggregate mixture on the basis of the
percentage of coarse particles classified as being completely coated.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D979 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D995 Specification for Mixing Plants for Hot-Mixed, Hot-Laid Bituminous Paving Mixtures (Withdrawn 2009)
D3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials
D4215 Specification for Cold-Mixed, Cold-Laid Bituminous Paving Mixtures
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms, see Terminology D8.
3.2 For descriptions of mixing plant terms, see Mixing Plants, Specification D995.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The procedure in this practice for estimating the percentage of coated particles after varying mixing times is used to establish
the least mixing time required to produce satisfactory coating for a given set of conditions. This procedure can also be used to
sample cold mixtures from stockpiles to determine that satisfactory coating has been retained in the stockpile.
4.2 This procedure is used with hot-mixed, hot-laid bituminous paving mixtures or with cold-mixed, cold-laid bituminous
paving mixtures such as specified in Specification D4215.
NOTE 1—Even when a paving mixture complies with the “percent of coated particles” that may be specified, there is no assurance that the asphalt
cement is uniformly distributed throughout the mixture.
4.3 This practice should not be used for acceptance/rejection by owner agencies.
This practice test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.23 on
Plant-Mixed BituminousAsphalt Surfaces and Bases.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008Dec. 1, 2016. Published December 2008December 2016. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20022008
as D2489 – 02.D2489/D2489M – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D2489_D2489M-08.10.1520/D2489_D2489M-16.
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volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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D2489/D2489M − 16
5. Apparatus
5.1 Sieves, 9.5 mm [ ⁄8 in.] and 4.75 mm [No. 4]. The sieves shall conform to Specification E11.
5.2 Stopwatch, for checking actual mixing time of batch plants.
5.3 Thermometer, range at least from 10°C [50°F] to 204°C [400°F].
5.4 Sample Shovel.
5.5 Sample Trays.
6. Sampling
6.1 Batch Plant—Permit the plant to operate at an established mixing time per batch (timed by a stopwatch).
6.2 Continuous Mix Plant—Establish a mixing time by use of the following formula:
mixing time 5 pug mill contents, kg lb /pug mill output, kg/s lb/s (1)
@ # @ #
6.3 Drum Mix Plant—Operate the plant at a steady state condition for a period of time long enough to complete the sampling.
6.4 Samples should be taken at the site of the bituminous mixing plant immediately after discharge from the plant from three
truck loads selected at random in accordance with Practice D3665 and sampled in accordance with Practice D979. Approximately
2.5 to 4.0 kg [5 to 8 lb] is required to perform the procedure.
6.5 If sampling truck loads is impractical, sample from the roadway before compaction starts at three locations selected at
random in accordance with Practice D3665 and sampled in accordance with Practice D979.
6.6 If sampling from a cold mixed stockpile, sample at three locations selected at random in accordance with Practice D3665
and sampled in accordance with Practice D979.
7. Procedure
7.1 Sieve each sample immediately while it is still hot on a 9.5-mm [ ⁄8-in.] sieve, or a 4.75-mm [No. 4] sieve for material with
a maximum 9.5-mm [ ⁄8-in.] size. Take a sample large enough to yield between 200 and 500 coarse particles retained on the 9.5-mm
[ ⁄8-in.] or 4.75-mm [No. 4] sieve. Do not overload the sieves. If necessary, sieve the sample in two or three operations. Reduce
shaking to a minimum to prevent recoating of uncoated particles.
7.2 Place particles on a clean surface in a one-particle layer and start count immediately.
7.3 Very carefully examine each particle under direct sunlight, fluorescent light, or similar light conditions. If even a tiny speck
of uncoated stone is noted, classify the particle as “partially coated.” If completely coated, classify the particle as “completely
coated.”
8. Report
8.1 Report the estimated percentage of coated particles as follows:
estimated % of coated particles 5 100 (2)
~number of completely coated particles!/~total number of particles!
9. Keywords
9.1 bituminous-aggregate mixtures; bituminous paving mixtures; particle coating
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