59.100 - Materials for the reinforcement of composites

ICS 59.100 Details

Materials for the reinforcement of composites

Materialien fur die Verstarkung von Schichtstoffen

Materiaux pour le renforcement des composites

Materiali za ojačitev kompozitov

General Information

Parent

59 - TEXTILE AND LEATHER TECHNOLOGY

Sub-Items

59.100.01 - Materials for the reinforcement of composites in general

59.100.10 - Textile glass materials

59.100.20 - Carbon materials

59.100.30 - Aramide materials

59.100.99 - Other materials for the reinforcement of composites

Frequently Asked Questions

What is ICS 59.100?

ICS 59.100 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Materials for the reinforcement of composites". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.

How many standards are in ICS 59.100 - Materials for the reinforcement of composites?

There are 298 standards classified under ICS 59.100 (Materials for the reinforcement of composites). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.

What is the International Classification for Standards (ICS)?

The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.

e-Library Subscription

Create subscription and get permanent access to documents within 59.100 - Materials for the reinforcement of composites

Type

Monthly Subscription

for

seat

×

$ 249.99

$ 249.99

Currently subscription includes documents marked with .We are working on making all documents available within the subscription.

Search Term

Standardization Organization

Technical Committee

Technical Committee Code

Directive

Mandate

Project Code

Project Reference

Project Title

Project Scope

Publication Date

Withdrawal Date

Public Enquiry End Date

Page Size:

50

ISO 21023:2025(Main)

Textiles — Determination of surface chemical properties of carbon fibres using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

This document specifies a method for determining oxygen to carbon ratio of carbon fibre surfaces using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This method is applicable to all kinds of carbon fibres and their fibre forms.

Standard
9 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
10 pages
French language
sale 15% off

10-Dec-2025
59.100.20
ISO/TC 38

ISO 19350:2025(Main)

Recycled carbon fibre — Determination of tensile strength distribution and interfacial shear strength of single filament embedded in matrix polymer

This document specifies methods for the simultaneous measurement of the fibre tensile strength distribution, and the fibre resin interfacial shear strength of recycled carbon fibres using the modified fragmentation test.

Standard
10 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ASTM D580/D580M-24(Practice)

Standard Practice for Greige Woven Glass Tapes and Webbings

ABSTRACT
This specification primarily covers greige tapes and webbings woven from "E" electrical classification glass fiber yarns. This specification can also be applied to tapes and webbings made of other glass fiber grades upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. Greige glass fiber tapes and webbings are produced in two types: type A - medium texture, and type B - open texture. The fabric count, yarn number, filament diameter, strand construction, twist direction, twist level, weave type, length per unit mass, thickness, breaking force, width, length, ignition loss, and visual appearance shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice primarily covers greige tapes and webbings woven from “E” electrical classification glass fiber yarns. This practice can also be applied to tapes and webbings made of other glass fiber grades upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.2 This practice is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the types of these products that are typical in the industry. This practice permits the application of organic materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. When used as permitted in this practice, such materials will not interfere with the intended end use requirements.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
7 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
7 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Dec-2023
59.100.10
D13

ASTM E2098/E2098M-13(2023)(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Breaking Strength of Glass Fiber Reinforcing Mesh for Use in Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS), after Exposure to a Sodium Hydroxide Solution

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Glass fiber reinforcing meshes are used to strengthen EIFS. The reinforcing meshes are embedded into base coats that contain portland cement, which potentially exposes the glass fibers in the reinforcing meshes to weakening by the action of alkali. The breaking force following alkali exposure as determined by this method, is a factor used to comparatively evaluate the alkali resistance of EIFS glass fiber reinforcing meshes in the laboratory.
5.2 This test method does not purport to simulate the conditions that may be encountered in service. The performance of an EIFS is a function of many factors, such as proper installation, rigidity of supporting construction and resistance of the EIFS to deterioration by other causes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the breaking force of glass fiber mesh following their conditioning in an alkali solution. The method is applicable to glass fiber mesh used in Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) with base coats that contain portland cement as an ingredient.
1.2 Breaking force is expressed both as force per unit width of mesh and as a percentage of the breaking force of the mesh that has not been exposed to alkali conditioning.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
3 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Sep-2023
59.100.10
E06

ASTM D7248/D7248M-23(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for High Bearing - Low Bypass Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates Using 2-Fastener Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the uniaxial bearing/bypass interaction response of multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers by either double-shear tensile loading (Procedure A) or single-shear tensile or compressive loading (Procedure B) of a two-fastener specimen. The scope of this test method is limited to net section (bypass) failure modes. Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for each procedure. A number of test parameters may be varied within the scope of the standard, provided that the parameters are fully documented in the test report. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1. Test methods for high bypass - low bearing response of polymer matrix composite materials, previously published under Procedure C of this test method, are now published in Test Method D8387/D8387M.
1.2 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of Composite Materials Handbook, CMH-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a bearing/bypass interaction response test method.
1.3 The two-fastener test configurations described in this test method are similar to those in Test Method D5961/D5961M as well as those used by industry to investigate the bearing portion of the bearing/bypass interaction response for bolted joints, where the specimen may produce either a bearing failure mode or a bypass failure mode. Should the test specimen fail in a bearing failure mode rather than the desired bypass mode, then the test should be considered to be a bearing dominated bearing/bypass test, and the data reduction and reporting procedures of Test Method D5961/D5961M should be used instead of those given in this test method.
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
20 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
20 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Aug-2023
59.100.01
D30

ASTM D4018-23(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Properties of Continuous Filament Carbon and Graphite Fiber Tows

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The properties determined by these test methods are of value in material specifications, qualifications, data base generation, certification, research, and development.
5.2 These test methods are intended for the testing of fibers that have been specifically developed for use as reinforcing agents in advanced composite structures. The test results of an impregnated and consolidated fiber should be representative of the strength and modulus that are available in the material when used as intended. The performance of fibers in different resin systems can vary significantly so that correlations between results using these test methods and composite testing may not always be obtained.
5.3 The reproducibility of test results is dependent upon precise control over all test conditions. Resin type, content and distribution, curing process, filament alignment, gripping in the testing machine, and alignment in the testing machine are of special importance.
5.4 The measured strengths of fibers are not unique quantities and test results are strongly dependent on the test methods used. Therefore the test method described here will not necessarily give the same mean strengths or standard deviations as those obtained from single filaments, dry fibers, composite laminas, or composite laminates.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the preparation and tensile testing of resin-impregnated and consolidated test specimens made from continuous filament carbon and graphite yarns, rovings, and tows to determine their tensile properties.
1.2 These test methods also cover the determination of the density and mass per unit length of the yarn, roving, or tow to provide supplementary data for tensile property calculation.
1.3 These test methods include a procedure for sizing removal to provide the preferred desized fiber samples for density measurement. This procedure may also be used to determine the weight percent sizing.
1.4 These test methods include a procedure for determining the weight percent moisture adsorption of carbon or graphite fiber.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
8 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
8 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Aug-2023
59.100.20
D30

ASTM D2343-17(2023)(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tensile properties determined by this test method are of value for identifying and characterizing materials for control and specification purposes as well as for providing data for research and development studies.
5.2 This test method is intended for use in testing resin-compatible sized glass fiber materials that have been designed specifically for use with certain generic types of plastics. The use of a resin system that is compatible with the reinforcement material under test produces results that are most representative of the actual strength that is available in the material when used as intended in an end item. Premature reinforcement failures occur if the elongation of the resin system is less than that of the reinforcement being tested. It is critical to select a resin system that does not lead to premature reinforcement failure. Use of compatible resin system and complete resin impregnation is recommended to avoid invalid failures and misleading results.
5.3 This test method is useful for testing pretreated specimens for which comparative results are desired. Gage length, gripping system, testing speed, and the resin impregnation ratio of the specimen affects the values obtained by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative tensile properties of glass fiber strands, yarns, and rovings in the form of impregnated rod test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and tension testing machine speed. This test method is applicable to continuous filament, glass fiber materials that have been coated with a resin compatible sizing. This method is intended for use in quality control and R & D, and is not intended to be used to develop composites design data.
Note 1: This method is technically equivalent to the short method described in ISO 9163.
Note 2: Prime consideration should be given to the use of a polymeric binder that produces specimens that yield the highest consistent values for the glass fiber material under test. Tensile properties vary with specimen preparation, resin impregnation system, and speed and environment of testing. Consider these factors where precise comparative results are desired.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
6 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Jul-2023
59.100.10
D20

ASTM D578/D578M-23(Specification)

Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Strands

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. It is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates. The nominal twist in S and Z directions and breaking strength of the continuous filament yarns shall conform to the specified requirements. The fibers shall be free of any free alkali metal oxides, such as soda or potash, and from foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities. The direction of twist, twist level, filament diameter, breaking strength, and ignition loss (organic content) of the fiber shall be tested.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the general nomenclature for the strand products that are generally manufactured in the glass fiber industry.
1.2 Glass fibers are produced having various compositions. General applications are identified by means of a letter designation. The letter designation represents a family of glasses that have provided acceptable performance to the end-user in the intended application. For example, the composition limits stated for E-Glass in this specification representing the glass fiber family for general and most electrical applications is designated by the letter E. Military specifications, such as, MIL-R-60346, recognize the composition limits described in this specification as meeting the respective requirements for E-Glass strands used in reinforced plastic structure applications.
1.3 Glass fiber strands have a variety of general uses under specific conditions, such as high physical or chemical stress, high moisture, high temperature, or electrical environments. Property requirements under specific conditions are agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. Electrical property requirements vary with specific end-use applications. For printed circuit board applications, other requirements may be needed such as the use of Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits (IPC) Specification EG 4412 A for finished fabric woven from E-Glass for printed circuit boards, or Specification MIL-P-13949 for printed wiring boards applicable to glass fabric base.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.
1.6 Additional ASTM specifications in this series have been drafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. These include finished glass fabrics, unfinished glass fabrics, glass tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords, glass sewing threads, and finished laminates made from finished glass fabrics.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the ...

Technical specification
20 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Technical specification
20 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-May-2023
59.100.10
D13

ASTM D4030/D4030M-23(Specification)

Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Cord and Sewing Thread

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for continuous glass filament sewing thread and untreated and neoprene treated, continuous filament cord; intended to assist ultimate users by designing the types of these products that are typical in the industry. The fiber shall be electrical grade, free of any free alkali metal oxides, such as soda or potash, and foreign particle, dirt, and other impurities. The glass fiber cord or sewing thread shall be wound on tubes, spools, or cones and shall conform to the following requirements: filament diameter; yarn number; strand construction; twist direction; twist level; breaking strength; yarn diameter; twist balance; and ignition loss. The cord and the sewing thread shall also undergo visual examination to check for defects such as cut, spot or stain, and embedded foreign matter.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for continuous glass filament sewing thread; and continuous filament cord, untreated and neoprene treated.
1.2 This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the types of these products that are typical in the industry.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Technical specification
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-May-2023
59.100.10
D13

ASTM D4029/D4029M-23(Specification)

Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics

ABSTRACT
This specification covers finished fabrics woven from "E" electrical glass fiber yarns that are intended as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use. This specification can also be applied to fabrics made of other glass types. This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. These organic materials are typically removed from the greige gabric and replaced with a finish that is compatible with a specified resin matrix. The materials shall meet the required fabric count, yarn designations, yarn number, filament diameter, strand construction, twist direction, twist level, fabric weave type, mass per unit area, thickness, breaking strength, width, length, ignition loss, finish level, and appearance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers finished fabrics woven from “E” electrical glass fiber yarns that are intended as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use. This specification can also be applied to fabrics made of other glass types as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions, general requirements, and physical requirements for finished woven glass fabrics This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. These organic materials are typically removed from the greige fabric and replaced with a finish that is compatible with the resin matrix specified in the contracting document.
Note 1: Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, are removed by various cleaning procedures as a first stage in preparing a finished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during a cleaning procedure they need not be compatible with the subsequent resin matrix.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.
1.5 Additional ASTM specifications in this series have been drafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. These include greige glass fabrics, glass tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords, glass sewing threads, and finished laminates made from finished glass fabrics.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
16 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Technical specification
16 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-May-2023
59.100.10
D13

ASTM D4389/D4389M-23(Specification)

Standard Specification for Finished Glass Fabrics Woven From Rovings

ABSTRACT
This specification primarily covers glass fabrics woven from "E" electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that are intended primarily as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use. The basic designation for glass woven roving fabric is by mass per unit area and is given in grams per square metre. The roving shall be continuous filament fiber, free of any free alkali, such as sodium or potassium metal salts and foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities. For the given woven roving fabrics, the average fabric count, average size-free yarn numbers, filament diameter, average mass per unit area, and fabric length shall conform to the requirements specified. For woven roving fabrics, the roving designations, strand construction, and fabric width shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. For the given woven roving fabrics, the weave type shall be plain weave. The woven roving fabric shall be generally uniform in quality and condition, clean, smooth, and free of foreign particles and defects detrimental to fabrication, appearance, or performance. Woven roving fabric shall be furnished in rolls and shall be wound on spiral tubes.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification primarily covers glass fabrics woven from “E” electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that are intended primarily as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use.
1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions, general requirements, and physical requirements for woven roving glass fiber fabrics. This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber roving during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. When used as permitted in this specification, such materials are compatible with the resin matrix as specified in the contracting instrument.
Note 1: Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, are removed by various cleaning procedures as a first stage in preparing a finished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during a cleaning procedure, they need not be compatible with the subsequent resin matrix.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in nonconformance with the standard.
Note 2: This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for the following Military Specifications:
MIL-Y-1140H Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-Glass
MIL-C-9084C Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates
MIL-C-19663C Cloth, Glass, Woven Roving for Plastic Laminates
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Technical specification
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-May-2023
59.100.10
D13

ISO 2113:2023(Main)

Reinforcement fibres — Woven fabrics — Requirements and specifications

This document provides characteristics and requirements to create specifications of fabrics woven from yarns (including single yarns, multiple-wound yarns, plied yarns, cabled yarns and rovings) made from textile glass, carbon or aramid and generally used for plastics reinforcements. This document does not cover all requirements for some specialized applications.

Standard
8 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ASTM D8395-23(Specification)

Standard Specification for Aramid Fiber for Asphalt Mixtures

SCOPE
1.1 This standard specification covers a standardized method whereby an aromatic polyamide fiber can be evaluated prior to modification where the finished product (formulation of aramid fiber plus some form of treatment) is to be used in asphalt mixtures. The aromatic, polyamide fiber (shortened to “aramid” in non-treated form) can be specified by physical and mechanical properties whereby the aramid fiber is treated and the final product form is used in asphalt mixtures. The purpose of adding aramid fiber is to improve the asphalt mixture’s mechanical performance. Aramid fiber may provide structural properties to the mixture and thus is different than fibers such as cellulose fibers that are used to prevent drain down. The aramid fiber may be coated (that is, “treated”) with a binder such as wax, emulsion, or similar. The fiber can also be blended with a polyolefin fiber or other additive to reduce loss of fibers into the airstream during mixing due to the lightweight nature of aramid fiber. The mechanical properties listed in the standard specification are for the non-treated aramid fiber since it is difficult to test shortened fibers for properties such as linear density, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus.
1.2 This standard specification does not address the performance of asphalt binder blends with aramid fiber or that of the asphalt mixture containing aramid fiber, but rather specifies the aramid fiber properties for use in formulating the finished product which is then used in asphalt mixtures.
1.3 Units—The values stated in International System of Units (SI) are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
2 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Apr-2023
59.100.30
D04

ISO 3616:2022(Main)

Textile glass — Chopped-strand and continuous-filament mats — Determination of average thickness, thickness under load and recovery after compression

This document specifies a method for the determination of the average thickness, the thickness under load and the recovery after compression of chopped-strand and continuous-filament textile-glass mats.

Standard
7 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ASTM E2478-11(2022)(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining Damage-Based Design Stress for Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) Materials Using Acoustic Emission

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The damage-based design approach will permit an additional method of design for GFRP materials. This is a very useful technique to determine the performance of different types of resins and composition of GFRP materials in order to develop a damage tolerant and reliable design. This AE-based method is not unique, other damage-sensitive evaluation methods can also be used.
5.2 This practice involves the use of acoustic emission instrumentation and examination techniques as a means of damage detection to support a destructive test, in order to derive the damage-based design stress.
5.3 This practice is not intended as a definitive predictor of long-term performance of GFRP materials (such as those used in vessels). For this reason, codes and standards require cyclic proof testing of prototypes (for example, vessels) which are not a part of this practice.
5.4 Other design methods exist and are permitted.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice details procedures for establishing the direct stress and shear stress damage-based design values for use in the damage-based design criterion for materials to be used in GFRP vessels and other GFRP structures. The practice uses data derived from acoustic emission examination of four-point beam bending tests and in-plane shear tests (see ASME Section X, Article RT-8).
1.2 The onset of lamina damage is indicated by the presence of significant acoustic emission during the reload portion of load/reload cycles. “Significant emission” is defined with historic index.
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
6 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Nov-2022
59.100.10
E07

ASTM D7812-22(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Testing of Aramid Paper

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The levels of tensile properties obtained when testing aramid paper are dependent on the age and history of the specimen and on the specific conditions used during the test. Among these conditions are rate of stretching, type of clamps, gauge length of specimen, temperature and humidity of the atmosphere, rate of airflow across the specimen, and temperature and moisture content of the specimen. Testing conditions accordingly are specified precisely to obtain reproducible test results on a specific sample.
5.2 Tensile strength is used in engineering calculations when designing various types of products.
5.3 Elongation of the paper is taken into consideration in the design and engineering of reinforced products because of its effect on uniformity of the finished product and its dimensional stability during service.
5.4 Stiffness is a measure of the resistance of the paper to extension as a force is applied.
5.5 Tensile Energy Absorption is dependent on the relationship of force to elongation. It is a measure of the ability of a textile structure to absorb mechanical energy. Tensile Energy Absorption is work-to-break per area.
5.6 It should be emphasized that, although the preceding parameters are related to the performance of the product, the actual configuration of the product is significant. Shape, size, and internal construction also can have appreciable effects on product performance. It is not possible, therefore, to evaluate the performance of the end product in terms of the reinforcing material alone.
5.7 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples should be used that are as homogeneous as possible, that are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and that are randomly assign...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the tensile testing of aramid paper with thickness less than 1 mm. This test method includes testing procedures only and includes no specifications or tolerances.
1.2 The procedures given in this test method are for use with computer-controlled constant-rate-of-elongation tensile testing equipment.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
8 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
8 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Oct-2022
59.100.30
D13

EN ISO 2078:2022(Main)

Textile glass - Yarns - Designation (ISO 2078:2022)

SIST EN ISO 2078:2022

This document specifies a system of designating textile glass yarns (including single, multiple-wound, folded (plied), cabled and textured yarns, strands, slivers and rovings) based on their linear density expressed in the tex system.

Standard
13 pages
English language
e-Library read for
AI-Chat
1 day

29-Mar-2022
29-Sep-2022
59.100.10
CEN/TC 249

ISO/TS 23483:2022(Main)

Carbon fibres — Determination of polyacrylonitrile-based (PAN-based) carbon fibre tow characteristics — Heat transfer parameter

This document specifies a method using a thermal imaging camera for measuring the heat transfer parameter of PAN-based 12 K carbon fibre tow with a filament diameter of 7 µm. This document is applicable to both sized and unsized carbon fibres. NOTE At the time of publication, the experience is on 12 K tow. Other tows will be included when the experience becomes available.

Technical specification
10 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ASTM D4963/D4963M-22(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Fiber Strands and Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable.
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing begins. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the view of the known bias.
5.2 Glass fiber textiles are provided with various sizings or coatings. These provide a protection for the individual fibers, yarns, or fabric that may compose the glass fiber textile as well as compatibility with further finishing requirements. The amount of sizing or coating on glass fiber textiles as determined by this procedure is used for process control.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers primarily the determination of ignition loss of glass fiber textiles. This method applies to glass fiber strands, twisted or untwisted, coated or uncoated; and fabrics, woven, nonwoven, knitted, coated, and uncoated, and chopped strand. This procedure may be applied to other glass textiles where the amount of organic content obtained by ignition loss is required.
Note 1: This test method may be used with other glass fiber classifications, such as C or D, but a different ignition temperature and exposure time may be required. In these cases the manufacturer should be consulted for the appropriate ignition conditions.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-May-2022
59.100.10
D13

ASTM D4102/D4102M-22(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidative Resistance of Carbon Fibers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test is used to determine the oxidative resistances of carbon fibers as a means of selecting the most stable fibers for incorporation in high-temperature fiber-reinforced composite systems. It can be used for quality control, material specification, and for research and development of improved carbon fibers. Factors that influence the oxidative resistance and should be reported are fiber identification, carbon fiber precursor type, fiber modulus, and any information on impurities, particularly metals. Also note that the presence of finish on the fiber can affect the oxidative resistance, and thus, alternative specimen preparations that enable the evaluation of finish effects are included.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the apparatus and procedure for the determination of the weight loss of carbon fibers, exposed to ambient hot air, as a means of characterizing their oxidative resistance.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard information, see Section 8.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Apr-2022
59.100.20
D30

SIST EN ISO 2078:2022(Main)

Textile glass - Yarns - Designation (ISO 2078:2022)

EN ISO 2078:2022

This document specifies a system of designating textile glass yarns (including single, multiple-wound, folded (plied), cabled and textured yarns, strands, slivers and rovings) based on their linear density expressed in the tex system.

Standard
13 pages
English language
e-Library read for
AI-Chat
1 day

31-Jul-2021
13-Apr-2022
59.100.10
IPMA

ISO 2078:2022(Main)

Textile glass — Yarns — Designation

This document specifies a system of designating textile glass yarns (including single, multiple-wound, folded (plied), cabled and textured yarns, strands, slivers and rovings) based on their linear density expressed in the tex system.

Standard
6 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
6 pages
French language
sale 15% off

ISO 1888:2022(Main)

Textile glass — Staple fibres or filaments — Determination of average diameter

This document specifies three test methods used for determining the average diameter (i.e. the average value of actual diameters) of staple fibres or filaments in a textile glass product.

Standard
6 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ASTM D7775-21(Guide)

Standard Guide for Measurements on Small Graphite Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this guide is to report considerations, which should be included in testing nonstandard specimens that lie outside the constraints imposed on size/volume in existing ASTM standards for graphite (noting that there are some generic ASTM standards with no such constraints). These constraints may be real or may be an artifact of the round-robin test program that supported the standard. It is the responsibility of the user to demonstrate that the application of a standard outside any specified constraints is valid and reasonably provides properties of the bulk material from which the nonstandard specimen was extracted.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers best practice for properties measurements on small (nonstandard) graphite specimens and requirements for representing properties of the bulk material. This guide is aimed specifically at measurements required on graphites, where there may be constraints on the geometry or volume of the test specimen, or both. The objective of this guide is to provide advice on how the application of selected standards under noncompliant conditions can be tested for suitability.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Guide
11 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Guide
11 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Oct-2021
59.100.20
D02

ASTM D3656/D3656M-13(2021)(Specification)

Standard Specification for Insect Screening and Louver Cloth Woven fromVinyl-Coated Glass Yarns

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for insect screening and louver cloth made from vinyl-coated glass yarns. Specifically covered here are: commercial standard vinyl-coated glass yarn insect screening designed and woven primarily for installation in or on any dwelling, patio, screening enclosure, building, or structure for the purpose of keeping out flies, mosquitoes, and most insects; and vinyl-coated glass yarn louver cloth used extensively in soffit and louver vents to keep out most large insects, birds, and airborne litter, while at the same time providing for adequate ventilation and air circulation. Products are produced in two basic classes (Classes 1 and 2) based on nominal thickness. Products shall be suitably tested and conform accordingly to specified requirements in tems of appearance, mesh, roll length, mass per unit area, flame resistance, fabric stability, bursting strength, stiffness index, and color stability to accelerated weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for vinyl-coated glass yarn insect screening and louver cloth.
1.2 This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the sizes and types of these products that are generally available in the industry.
1.3 This specification shows the terminology and requirements for:
1.3.1 Commercial standard vinyl-coated glass yarn insect screening designed and woven primarily for installation in or on any dwelling, patio, screening enclosure, building, or structure for the purpose of keeping out flies, mosquitoes, and most insects.
1.3.2 Vinyl-coated glass yarn louver cloth used extensively in soffit and louver vents to keep out most large insects, birds, and airborne litter, while at the same time providing for adequate ventilation and air circulation.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Sections 8 – 19, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
6 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Jun-2021
59.080.40
59.100.10
D13

ASTM D8337/D8337M-21(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Bond Properties of FRP Composite Applied to Concrete Substrate using Single-Lap Shear Test

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use in a laboratory setting.
5.2 This test method is used to evaluate the plateau force Ppl that an FRP composite can bear before complete debonding from a concrete prism.
5.3 The evaluation of the plateau force is intended to be made under consistent environmental conditioning and the tests conducted in ambient laboratory or otherwise consistent environmental conditions.
5.4 This test can be used to determine the effective bond length leff of the FRP composite if different bonded lengths are tested with constant bonded width. The effective bond length leff is defined as the minimum bonded length  necessary to achieve the bond capacity Ppl for the width of FRP tested.
5.5 This test can be used to determine the variation of the bond capacity with the bonded width bf if different bonded widths are tested while the bonded length  is constant and greater than the effective bond length leff.
5.6 This test is used to obtain the plot of the applied force versus loaded end (or global) slip of the composite with respect to the substrate. The loaded end slip is the average of two linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) readings, as described in 7.6. The plot obtained is used to determine the bond properties of the system.
5.7 This test method can also serve as a means for uniformly preparing and testing standard specimens suitable for being subject to environmental conditioning and subsequently used to evaluate FRP-bonded-to-concrete system performance, and evaluating and reporting the results. The comparison of results from this test method conducted on identical specimens subject to different environmental conditioning protocols can be used to evaluate the effects of environmental exposure on the bond performance of FRP systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the apparatus and procedure to evaluate the lap shear bond properties of wet lay-up or shop-fabricated (for example, pultruded) fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite systems adhesively applied to a flat concrete substrate. The test determines the plateau force that an FRP system can bear before complete debonding from a concrete prism tested using a direct single-lap shear test. This plateau force is reported as bond capacity and may be different from the maximum applied force. The plateau force is then used to determine the interfacial fracture energy and the cohesive material law.
1.2 This test method is not intended for job approval or for product qualification purposes unless an external agency adopts the test method for those purposes.
1.3 This test method is intended for use with adhesive-applied or wet lay-up FRP systems and is appropriate for use with FRP systems having any ﬁber orientation or combination of ply orientations comprising the FRP composite, although the test condition only considers forces in the direction parallel to the prism longitudinal axis.
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barrier...

Standard
14 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Dec-2020
59.100.01
D30

ASTM D7779-20(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Fracture Toughness of Graphite at Ambient Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method may be used for guidance for material development to improve toughness, material comparison, quality assessment, and characterization.
5.2 The fracture toughness value provides information on the initiation of fracture in graphite containing a straight-through notch; the information on stress intensity factor beyond fracture toughness as a function of crack extension provides information on the crack propagation resistance once a fracture crack has been initiated to propagate through the test specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and provides a measure of the resistance of a graphite to crack extension at ambient temperature and atmosphere expressed in terms of stress-intensity factor, K, and strain energy release rate, G. These crack growth resistance properties are determined using beam test specimens with a straight-through sharp machined V-notch.
1.2 This test method determines the stress intensity factor, K, from applied force and gross specimen deflection measured away from the crack tip. The stress intensity factor calculated at the maximum applied load is denoted as fracture toughness, KIc, and is known as the critical stress intensity factor. If the resolution of the deflection gauge is sensitive to fracture behavior in the test specimen and can provide a measure of the specimen compliance, strain energy release rate, G, can be determined as a function of crack extension.
1.3 This test method is applicable to a variety of grades of graphite which exhibit different types of resistance to crack growth, such as growth at constant stress intensity (strain energy release rate), or growth with increasing stress intensity (strain energy release rate), or growth with decreasing stress intensity (strain energy release rate). It is generally recognized that because of the inhomogeneous microstructure of graphite, the general behavior will exhibit a mixture of all three during the test. The crack resistance behavior exhibited in the test is usually referred to as an “R-curve.”
Note 1: One difference between the procedure in this test method and test methods such as Test Method E399, which measure fracture toughness, KIc, by one set of specific operational procedures, is that Test Method E399 focuses on the start of crack extension from a fatigue precrack for metallic materials. This test method for graphite makes use of a machined notch with sharp cracking at the root of the notch because of the nature of graphite. Therefore, fracture toughness values determined with this method may not be interchanged with KIc as defined in Test Method E399.
1.4 This test method gives fracture toughness values, KIc and critical strain energy release rate, GIc for specific conditions of environment, deformation rate, and temperature. Fracture toughness values for a graphite grade can be functions of environment, deformation rate, and temperature.
1.5 This test method is divided into two major parts. The first major part is the main body of the standard, which provides general information on the test method, the applicability to materials comparison and qualification, and requirements and recommendations for fracture toughness testing. The second major part is composed of annexes, which provide information related to test apparatus and test specimen geometry.
Main Body
Section
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Test Specimen
7
Procedure
8
Specimen Dryness
9
Calculation of Results
10
Report
11
Precision and Bias
12
Keywords
13
Annex
Annex A1
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6.1 Measurement units expressed in these test methods are in accordance with IEEE/ASTM SI 10.
1.7 This standard does no...

Standard
9 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
9 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Sep-2020
59.100.20
D02

ASTM D8356-20(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Manufactured Carbons and Graphite Materials for use in Obtaining Approximate Elastic Constants: Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sonic velocity measurements are useful for comparing materials with similar elastic properties, dimensions, and microstructure.
5.2 Eq 1 provides an accurate value of Young’s modulus only for isotropic, non-attenuative, non-dispersive materials of infinite dimensions. For non-isotropic graphite Eq 1 can be modified to take into account the Poisson’s ratios in all directions. As graphite is a strongly attenuative material, the value of Young’s modulus obtained with Eq 1 will be dependent on specimen length. If the specimen lateral dimensions are not large compared with the wavelength of the propagated pulse, then the value of Young’s modulus obtained with Eq 1 will be dependent on the specimen lateral dimensions. The accuracy of the Young’s modulus calculated from Eq 1 will also depend upon uncertainty in Poisson’s ratio and its impact on the evaluation of the Poisson’s factor in Eq 2. However, a value for Young’s modulus Eq 1 or Eq 7) can be obtained for many applications, which is often in good agreement with the value obtained by other more accurate methods, such as in Test Method C747. The technical issues and typical values of corresponding uncertainties are discussed in detail in STP 1578.6
5.3 If the grain size of the carbon or graphite is greater than or about equal to the wavelength of the sonic pulse, the method may not provide a value of the Young’s modulus representative of the bulk material. Therefore it would be desirable to test a lower frequency (longer wavelength) to demonstrate that the range of obtained velocity values are within acceptable levels of accuracy. Significant signal attenuation should be expected when grain size of the material is greater than or about equal to the wavelength of the transmitted sonic pulse or the material is more porous than would be expected for as-manufactured graphite.
Note 1: Due to frequency dependent attenuation in graphite, the wavelength of the sonic pulse through the test specimen is not necessaril...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the longitudinal and transverse (shear) sonic velocities in manufactured carbon and graphite which can be used to obtain approximate values for the elastic constants: Young’s modulus (E), the shear modulus (G), and Poisson’s ratio (v).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
8 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Sep-2020
59.100.20
71.100.99
D02

ASTM D3530-20(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Volatiles Content of Composite Material Prepreg

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to obtain the volatiles content of composite material prepreg. Knowledge of the volatiles content is useful in developing optimum manufacturing processes.
5.2 The volatiles content is determined after exposure to the nominal cure or consolidation temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the volatiles content, in mass percent of composite material prepregs. This standard focuses on composites with thermosetting resins, which tend to lose a few percent of the matrix mass when heated due to loss of both retained water and low molecular weight matrix constituents that volatilize during heating.
1.2 Use of this test method is limited to maximum temperature of circulating air ovens, approximately 300 °C (572 °F).
1.3 Use of this test method is limited to temperatures below which the matrix flows from the reinforcement.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
3 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
3 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Aug-2020
59.100.30
71.040.40
D30

ISO 10119:2020(Main)

Carbon fibre — Determination of density

This document specifies four methods for the determination of the density of carbon fibre tested as a yarn: — method A: liquid-displacement method; — method B: sink/float method; — method C: density-gradient column method; — method D: gas pycnometer method. Method C is the reference method in cases of dispute, etc.

Standard
13 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
13 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ASTM D8289-20(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength Estimate by Disc Compression of Manufactured Graphite

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 By definition, the tensile strength of manufactured graphite is obtained by the direct uniaxial tensile test (Test Method C749). The C749 tensile test specimen is relatively large and is frequently incompatible with available irradiation capsule volumes, or oxidation apparatus (Test Method D7542). The splitting tensile test provides an alternate means of testing tensile properties on specimens that have severe geometric constraints and otherwise cannot meet the prescribed testing geometries of Test Method C749. By loading a disc-shaped specimen, on edge, under a compressive load, the resulting tensile stresses transverse to the loading axis provide an indication of the tensile strength properties of graphite. To obtain consistent and meaningful values of a splitting tensile strength, it is vital that the fracture initiate in the center of the disk and not along an edge. This standard test helps to ensure that the disk specimens break diametrally along the loading diameter due to tensile stresses that are perpendicular to the loading axis and that the fracture initiates at the center of the disk.
4.2 The stress determined using the diametral compression test is the maximum tensile stress at the center of the disk when loaded under the prescribed conditions and the fracture initiates at the center of the disk. It should be understood that this tensile stress value is obtained with the specimen in a complex biaxial stress condition. When the test is performed carefully and consistently these tensile stress values are comparable to each other, but the performers of this test should validate the values obtained. Any bias when comparing values with this standard to the uniaxial tensile stress values obtained using Test Method C749 should be identified and reported. Validation shall be performed on the same material and may not be applicable to other states of the same material (for example, oxidized, irradiated). Guidance on small specimen testing can be found in G...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers testing apparatus, specimen preparation, and testing procedures for determining the splitting tensile strength of graphite by diametral line compression of a disk. This small specimen geometry (Test Method D7779) is specifically intended for irradiation capsule use. Users are cautioned to use Test Method C749 if possible for measuring tensile strength properties of graphite.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 All dimension and force measurements and stress calculations shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Apr-2020
59.100.20
D02

ASTM E3220-20(Guide)

Standard Guide for Characterization of Graphene Flakes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The remarkable structural, physical and chemical properties of graphene — particularly its mechanical strength, high electronic mobility, lightness, and transparency (single layer or a few layers) — have generated worldwide research and industrial production efforts aimed at developing practical applications. Various industrially scalable production methods have been developed, including bottom-up approaches that grow graphene from small molecules (with or without a substrate), and top-down methods that start with graphite and exfoliate it by mechanical, chemical or electrochemical methods to produce nanoscale product such as graphene flakes. Two common exfoliation methods are: (1) oxidation of graphite to graphene oxide (GO) followed by additional processing to form reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) (2) and, (2) liquid phase exfoliation of graphite (3). The exfoliation methods, as well as substrate-less bottom-up approaches, produce materials in the form of flakes that can be dispersed in various solvents, making them suitable for applications requiring solution processing. Although there are many commercial “graphene” materials available on the market, the quality of these products is highly variable (4). There are many challenges in assessing the physical properties of the materials. In this guide we discuss how Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to characterize materials consisting of flakes of graphene and related materials (that is, few layer graphene (FLG), GO, r-GO). Illustrative examples are provided showing how these methods can be used to identify the type of material present and to extract important parameters including lateral flake size, average flake thickness, ratio of intensities of the D and G modes (ID/IG) in the Raman spectrum and carbon to oxygen ratio. Specifically, when encountering an “unknown” material or product purporting to be “graphene,” it is essent...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard will provide guidance on the measurement approaches for assessment of lateral flake size, average flake thickness, Raman intensity ratio of the D to G bands, and carbon/oxygen ratio for graphene and related products. The techniques included here are atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Examples will be given for each type of measurement.
1.2 This guide is intended to serve as an example for manufacturers, producers, analysts, and others with an interest in graphene and related products such as graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. This Standard Guide is not intended to be a comprehensive overview of all possible characterization methods.
1.3 This guide does not include all sample preparation procedures for all possible materials and applications. The user must validate the appropriateness for their particular application.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Guide
13 pages
English language
sale 15% off

31-Mar-2020
59.100.20
E56

ISO 11567:2018(Main)

Carbon fibre — Determination of filament diameter and cross-sectional area

This document specifies five test methods used for the determination of the diameter and cross-sectional area of single carbon fibre filaments. The shape of the cross-section of the filaments from different suppliers can vary significantly. The term "diameter" used in this document applies to all cases, from a "true" diameter, where the filament is exactly circular in cross-section, to an "apparent" diameter where the filament is not circular. The methods proposed are not necessarily directly applicable to all types of filament. The product specification determines the method to be used. If there is no specification, the selection of the appropriate method is a matter of judgement. The details given here are considered to be sufficiently precise to enable this choice to be made.

Standard
11 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
11 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 30012:2016/Amd 1:2018(Amendment)

Carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics — Determination of the size and aspect ratio of crushed objects — Amendment 1

Standard
2 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 2797:2017(Main)

Textile glass — Rovings — Basis for a specification

ISO 2797:2017 establishes a basis for a specification for textile glass rovings, whether direct rovings or assembled rovings.

Standard
6 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
6 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 5025:2017(Main)

Reinforcement products — Woven fabrics — Determination of width and length

ISO 5025:2017 specifies a method for determining the width and length of a woven-fabric reinforcement in the form of a roll[1] . [1] Attention is drawn to ISO 22198 which is a related International Standard dealing with textiles.

Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 30012:2016(Main)

Carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics — Determination of the size and aspect ratio of crushed objects

ISO 30012:2016 specifies test methods for measurement of the size and aspect ratio of crushed carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP), especially for recycling purpose. In this International Standard the shape of crushed CFRP, the fragment, is treated as a rectangular shape, and the measurement of the long and short sides of the shape is described. It applies to fragments of the following average dimensions: - length of the long side: 5 mm to 50 mm; - width of the short side: 1 mm to 10 mm. ISO 30012:2016 provides three measuring methods, two methods are manual methods using microscope and scale and the third method is an automatic method using a measuring apparatus. Crushed CFRP obtained from thermosetting or thermoplastic resin matrices are covered by this International Standard. NOTE If the crushed CFRP contain a lot of small fragments and fine particle, it is intended to screen out by a sieve of 1 mm size before the measurement.

Standard
7 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 15039:2003/Amd 1:2015(Amendment)

Textile-glass rovings — Determination of solubility of size — Amendment 1

Standard
1 page
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
1 page
French language
sale 15% off

ISO 1887:2014(Main)

Textile glass — Determination of combustible-matter content

ISO 1887:2014 specifies a method for the determination of the combustible-matter content of products made from textile glass, such as continuous-filament yarns, staple-fibre yarns, rovings, chopped strands, milled fibres, fabrics, chopped-strand and continuous-filament mats, and other glass reinforcements.

Standard
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 10122:2014(Main)

Reinforcement materials — Tubular braided sleeves — Basis for a specification

ISO 10122:2014 provides a basis for specifications applicable to tubular braided sleeves used as reinforcements in plastics. It deals with tubular sleeves braided from all types of yarn or roving.

Standard
7 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 13931:2013(Main)

Carbon fibre — Determination of volume resistivity

ISO 13931:2013 specifies two methods (i.e. method A and method B) for the determination of the volume resistivity of carbon fibre.

Standard
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off

EN ISO 1043-2:2011(Main)

Plastics - Symbols and abbreviated terms - Part 2: Fillers and reinforcing materials (ISO 1043-2:2011)

SIST EN ISO 1043-2:2012

ISO 1043-2:2011 specifies uniform symbols for terms referring to fillers and reinforcing materials. It includes only those symbols that have come into established use, and its main aim is both to prevent the occurrence of more than one symbol for a given filler or reinforcing material and to prevent a given symbol being interpreted in more than one way.

Standard
10 pages
English language
e-Library read for
AI-Chat
1 day

14-Nov-2011
30-May-2012
59.100.01
83.040.30
83.080.01
CEN/TC 249

ISO 3342:2011(Main)

Textile glass — Mats — Determination of tensile breaking force

ISO 3342:2011 specifies a method for the determination of the tensile breaking force of textile glass mats. The method is intended for chopped-strand mat but is equally applicable to certain types of continuous-strand mat usually intended for pultrusion.

Standard
5 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 2559:2011(Main)

Textile glass — Mats (made from chopped or continuous strands) — Designation and basis for specifications

ISO 2559:2011 provides a basis for specifications which is applicable only to textile glass mats that are made from chopped or continuous strands bonded together by chemical or mechanical means and that are used for the reinforcement of plastics. It is not applicable to surfacing mats, staple-fibre mats or glass mats (or bats) of the type used for thermal and acoustic insulation.

Standard
7 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 4604:2011(Main)

Reinforcement fabrics — Determination of conventional flexural stiffness — Fixed-angle flexometer method

ISO 4604:2011 specifies a method of determining the conventional flexural stiffness of reinforcement fabrics by means of a fixed-angle flexometer. This method is not suitable for testing fabrics that are limp or that have a marked tendency to curl or twist or fray.

Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 4900:2011(Main)

Textile glass — Mats and fabrics — Determination of contact mouldability

ISO 4900:2011 specifies a method for the determination of the contact mouldability of textile glass mats and fabrics. NOTE The hand lay-up method of moulding is generally not regarded as lending itself to objective determinations. However, if the process is carried out by the same operator, useful comparisons can be drawn between results obtained with different mats or fabrics.

Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off

ISO 3598:2011(Main)

Textile glass — Yarns — Basis for a specification

ISO 3598:2011 provides a basis for a specification applicable to textile glass yarns (strands, slivers, single yarns, folded yarns and cable yarns). It does not apply to textured yarns, rovings, chopped strands, milled fibres, pre-impregnated yarns, etc. It does not cover all requirements for specialized applications. Where such other requirements are necessary, they are, or will be, given in other appropriate International Standards.

Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
4 pages
French language
sale 15% off

ISO 8516:2011(Main)

Textile glass — Textured yarns — Basis for a specification

ISO 8516:2011 provides a basis for a specification applicable to textured yarns made from single or folded yarns of textile glass. Textured glass yarns can be produced by several types of process. They can be made starting either from a single strand or from two or more strands in which one or more have been "opened" to give the "bulky" aspect of textured yarn. Textured glass yarn is used in various applications, for example insulation, filtration, the manufacture of decorative textiles, the reinforcement of plastics and the manufacture of packing materials.

Standard
4 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
4 pages
French language
sale 15% off

ISO 3343:2010(Main)

Reinforcement yarns — Determination of twist balance index

ISO 3343:2010 specifies a method for determining the twist balance index of folded yarn and cabled yarn made from textile glass, carbon, aramid or any other reinforcement fibre.

Standard
2 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
2 pages
French language
sale 15% off

ISO 4602:2010(Main)

Reinforcements — Woven fabrics — Determination of number of yarns per unit length of warp and weft

ISO 4602:2010 specifies two methods of determining the number of yarns per unit length of warp and weft of woven textile-reinforcement fabrics made of glass, carbon, aramid or any other (textile-diameter) reinforcement fibre.

Standard
3 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Standard
3 pages
French language
sale 15% off

Page Size:

50