35.040 - Information coding
ICS 35.040 Details
Information coding
Zeichensatze. Codes
Jeux de caracteres et codage de l'information
Kodiranje informacij
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 35.040 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Information coding". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 2589 standards classified under ICS 35.040 (Information coding). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies container file formats for JPEG AI codestreams as specified in Rec. ITU-T T.840.1 | ISO/IEC 6048-1 and Rec. ITU-T T.840.2 | ISO/IEC 6048-2. It defines file formats for working with image and motion sequence files on computer platforms, allowing Internet-based and other communications. This document uses already existing specifications for file formats and extends them for the embedding of JPEG AI codestreams.
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This document specifies the structure of ISO/IEC 11179-3:2013 representation in W3C XML Schema suitable for communication of content between compliant registries. The schema described in this document will implement a class and attribute vocabulary that matches the conceptual model presented in ISO/IEC 11179-3:2013 in W3C XML Schema format. The purpose of the schema is for the exchange of compliant metadata, and to support the validation of messages exchanged between registries. It is not intended for the communication of data element metadata alongside the data to which the metadata refers. The document specifes the schema and the principles and conventions that were followed to map classes, attributes, and associations of the conceptual model into an acyclic, directed graph suitable for an unambiguous document-based representation.
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This document specifies the ISO base media file format, which is a general format forming the basis for a number of other more specific file formats. This format contains the timing, structure, and media information for timed sequences of media data, such as audio-visual presentations.
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This document specifies the transport and container formats for JPEG XL codestreams as specified in ISO/IEC 18181-1. This document specifies how to add metadata and extensions to JPEG XL codestreams. A file as described by this document is called a JPEG XL file.
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This document specifies the crypto suite for SPECK for the ISO/IEC 18000 air interface standards for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices. SPECK is a symmetric block cipher that is parameterized in both its block length and key length. The block/key length options supported in this crypto suite (in bits) are 64/96, 96/96, 64/128, 128/128 and 128/256. In this document, a Tag and an Interrogator can support one, a subset or all of the specified options, clearly stating what is supported.
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This document specifies the crypto suite for AES-128 for the ISO/IEC 18000 air interface standards for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices. This document specifies the security services of an AES-128 crypto suite. AES has a fixed block size of 128 bits and a key size of 128 bits, 192 bits or 256 bits. This document uses AES with a fixed key size of 128 bits and is referred to as AES-128. This document specifies procedures for the authentication of a Tag and or an Interrogator using AES-128 and provides the following features: Tag authentication; Tag authentication allowing authenticated and encrypted reading of part of the Tag’s memory; Interrogator authentication; Interrogator authentication allowing authenticated and encrypted writing of part of the Tag’s memory; Mutual authentication. In this document, a Tag and an Interrogator can support one, a subset, or all of the specified options, clearly stating what is supported.
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This document specifies the crypto suite for Grain-128A for the ISO/IEC 18000 air interface standards for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices. This document specifies various authentication methods and methods of use for the cipher. In this document, a Tag and an Interrogator can support one, a subset or all of the specified options, clearly stating what is supported.
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This document specifies the crypto suite for SIMON for the ISO/IEC 18000 air interface standards for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices. SIMON is a symmetric block cipher that is parameterized in both its block length and key length. The block/key length options supported in this crypto suite (in bits) are 64/96, 96/96, 64/128, 128/128 and 128/256. In this document, a Tag and an Interrogator can support one, a subset or all of the specified options, clearly stating what is supported.
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This document specifies an architecture and data model for interchange of scene-based media for use in systems and applications that employ renderers for the presentation of immersive media, including audio, visual, tactile and other representations of media types. The architecture and data model specified in this document applies to use cases where there is a need for interchange of scene-based media for presentation by systems with 3D render-based technologies. One specific application of this document is immersive display technologies that utilize a real-time renderer of 3D media to create their visual presentations, as opposed to a video decoder and renderer of 2D raster-based media. Another application of this document is for the distribution of media assets for use across a large variety of applications comprising the Metaverse.
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This document establishes the air interface based on ISO/IEC 18000-63 for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices operating in the 860 MHz to 930 MHz range used in sensing as well as item management applications. This document specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter Interrogator-Talks-First (ITF) system. This document specifies: logical and physical procedures between the interrogator and tags to allocate a dedicated subcarrier channel to each of the tags to produce continuous data streaming; logical and physical procedure between the interrogator and the tags to start and stop the continuous data streaming; logical interface between the interrogator and the tag to configure a digital sensor and to receive data from the digital sensor through the tag.
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This document specifies a subjective image quality assessment methodology that covers a range from good quality up to mathematically lossless. This document is applicable to the assessment of distortions due to image coding (i.e. lossy compression) and not necessarily other kinds of distortions (e.g. capture, sensor or rendering artefacts).
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This document specifies technology that supports the efficient transmission of immersive audio signals and flexible rendering for the playback of immersive audio in a wide variety of listening scenarios. These include home theatre setups with 3D loudspeaker configurations, 22.2 loudspeaker systems, automotive entertainment systems and playback over headphones connected to a tablet or smartphone.
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This document specifies omnidirectional/360-degree image and motion contents using Rec. ITU-T T.81 | ISO/IEC 10918‑1, Rec. ITU-T T.800 (11/2015) | ISO/IEC 15444‑1, and ISO/IEC 18477-3.
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This document specifies a set of tests and procedures designed to indicate whether encoders or decoders meet the requirements specified in ISO/IEC 23090-12.
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The present document specifies general policy requirements relating to Trust Service Providers (TSPs) that are independent of the type of TSP. It defines policy requirements on the operation and management practices of TSPs.
Other specifications refine and extend these requirements as applicable to particular forms of TSP. The present document does not specify how the requirements identified can be assessed by an independent party, including requirements for information to be made available to such independent assessors, or requirements on such assessors.
The present document aims to support the requirements on NIS2 Directive [i.13] and addresses the general requirements for security management and cybersecurity of trust services (qualified and non-qualified).
NOTE: See ETSI EN 319 403-1 [i.2] for details about requirements for conformity assessment bodies assessing Trust Service Providers.
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This document specifies the abstract class of a media thing (MThing), a basic component to construct the Internet of media things. The MThing class contains the basic APIs to: — discover other MThing(s) in the network; — connect/disconnect MThing(s); and, — support transactions (e.g. payments) using media tokens between MThings.
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This document provides reference software for Rec. ITU-T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3. The reference software includes both encoder and decoder functionality. Reference software is useful in aiding users of a video coding standard to establish and test conformance and interoperability, and to educate users and demonstrate the capabilities of the standard. For these purposes, the accompanying software is provided as an aid for the study and implementation of Rec. ITU-T H.266 | ISO/IEC 23090-3.
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This document specifies the requirements for the bar code symbology known as EAN/UPC. This document specifies EAN/UPC symbology characteristics, data character encodation, dimensions, tolerances, decoding algorithms and parameters to be defined by applications. It specifies the symbology identifier prefix strings for EAN/UPC symbols. Data content and the rules governing the use of this symbology are outside the scope of this document; they are defined in GS1 General Specifications.
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This document describes the architecture of systems for the internet of media things. It also includes a comprehensive set of use cases that can be deployed on such an architecture.
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This document specifies test methods for determining the conformance of radio frequency identification (RFID) devices (tags and interrogators) for item management with the specifications given in ISO/IEC 18000-61, ISO/IEC 18000-62 and ISO/IEC 18000-64. However, this document does not apply to the testing of conformance with regulatory or similar requirements. The test methods require only that the mandatory functions, and any optional functions which are implemented, are verified. This can, in appropriate circumstances, be supplemented by further, application-specific functionality criteria that are not available in the general case. The interrogator and tag conformance parameters in this document are the following: — type-specific conformance parameters including nominal values and tolerances; — parameters that apply directly affecting system functionality and inter-operability. Parameters that are already included in regulatory test requirements are not included in this document. Unless otherwise specified, the tests in this document are intended to be applied exclusively to RFID tags and interrogators defined in ISO/IEC 18000-61, ISO/IEC 18000-62 and ISO/IEC 18000-64.
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This document specifies extensions to existing scene description formats in order to support MPEG media, in particular immersive media. MPEG media includes but is not limited to media encoded with MPEG codecs, media stored in MPEG containers, MPEG media and application formats as well as media provided through MPEG delivery mechanisms. Extensions include scene description format syntax and semantics and the processing model when using these extensions by a Presentation Engine. It also defines a media access function (MAF) API for communication between the Presentation Engine and the media access function for these extensions. While the extensions defined in this document can be applicable to other scene description formats, they are provided for ISO/IEC 12113.
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The document specifies a set of tests and procedures designed to indicate whether encoders or decoders meet the requirements specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31.
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This document contains simulation software for the MPEG-Immersive Audio standard as defined in ISO/IEC 23090-4.
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This document specifies technology that supports the real-time interactive rendering of an immersive virtual or augmented reality audio presentation while permitting the user to have 6DoF movement in the audio scene. It defines metadata to support this rendering and a bitstream syntax that enables efficient storage and streaming of immersive audio content.
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This document specifies the air interface for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices operating in the 860 MHz to 930 MHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band used in item management applications. This document is intended to allow for compatibility and to encourage inter-operability of products for the growing RFID market in the international marketplace. This document defines the forward and return link parameters for technical attributes including, but not limited to, operating frequency, operating channel accuracy, occupied channel bandwidth, maximum effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), spurious emissions, modulation, duty cycle, data coding, bit rate, bit rate accuracy, bit transmission order, and, where appropriate, operating channels, frequency hop rate, hop sequence, spreading sequence and chip rate. It further defines the communications protocol used in the air interface. This document specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter, Interrogator-Talks-First (ITF) or tag-only-talks-after-listening (TOTAL) RFID system. This document, together with ISO/IEC 18000-61, ISO/IEC 18000-62, ISO/IEC 18000-63 and ISO/IEC 18000-64 specifies the following for the 860 MHz to 930 MHz range: — physical interactions (the signalling layer of the communication link) between interrogators and tags; — interrogator and tag operating procedures and commands; — the collision-arbitration scheme used to identify a specific tag in a multiple-tag environment.
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This document contains simulation software for the MPEG-H 3D audio standard as defined in ISO/IEC 23008-3.
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This document specifies an interface within the software system infrastructure (SSI) that provides radio frequency identification (RFID) system control components with low-level access to RFID interrogators for the purpose of optimizing RFID data access and control operations. This interface is designed to be modular with the ability to support multiple RFID air protocols. However, in this document, the only RFID air protocol supported is ISO/IEC 18000-63:2021.
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This document contains the reference software of the ISO/IEC 21122 series. It acts as guidance for implementation of the ISO/IEC 21122 series and as a reference for conformance testing.
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This document defines the crypto suite for PRESENT-80 for the ISO/IEC 18000 series of air interfaces standards for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices. This document provides a common crypto suite for security for RFID devices for air interface standards and application standards. The crypto suite is defined in alignment with existing air interfaces. This document specifies basic security services that are use the lightweight block cipher PRESENT-80. The variant of PRESENT that takes 128-bit keys is also considered in this document. This document defines various methods of use for the cipher.
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This document specifies the procedure for registration of organization identification schemes, and the requirements for the administration of International Code Designator values, to designate these organization identification schemes.
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This document specifies the syntax, semantics and decoding processes for MPEG immersive video (MIV), as an extension of ISO/IEC 23090-5. It provides support for playback of a three-dimensional (3D) scene within a limited range of viewing positions and orientations, with 6 Degrees of Freedom (6DoF).
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This document specifies an image coding technology known as JPEG AI learning-based image coding (JPEG AI) comprising an image coding technology that facilitates the compression and processing of images for both human and machine vision. The scope of the JPEG AI document is the creation of a learning-based image coding standard offering a single-stream, compact compressed domain representation, targeting both human visualization, with significant compression efficiency improvement over image coding standards in common use at equivalent subjective quality, and effective performance for image processing and computer vision tasks. The core coding system describes JPEG AI standard for the human vision reconstruction task and thus specifies the JPEG AI specifies the parsing coded stream and the image reconstruction process. Only the syntax format, semantics, and associated decoding process requirements are specified, while other matters such as pre-processing, the encoding process, system signalling and multiplexing, data loss recovery, post-processing, and video display are considered to be outside the scope of this document. This document is designed to be generic in the sense that it serves a wide range of applications, bit rates, resolutions, qualities and services. In the course of creating this document, several requirements from typical applications have been considered, necessary algorithmic elements have been developed, and these have been integrated into a single syntax. Hence, this document is designed to facilitate image data interchange among different applications and services.
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This document specifies carriage of haptic media in ISO base media files.
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The present document specifies policy and security requirements relating to the operation and management practices of TSPs issuing time-stamps. These policy requirements are applicable to TSPs issuing time-stamps. Such time-stamps can be used in support of digital signatures or for any application requiring to prove that a datum existed before a particular time. The present document can be used by independent bodies as the basis for confirming that a TSP can be trusted for issuing time-stamps. The present document does not specify protocols used to access the TSUs.
NOTE 1: A time-stamping protocol is defined in IETF RFC 3161 [i.2] including optional update in IETF RFC 5816 [i.3] and profiled in ETSI EN 319 422 [5].
The present document does not specify how the requirements identified can be assessed by an independent party, including requirements for information to be made available to such independent assessors, or requirements on such assessors.
NOTE 2: See ETSI EN 319 403-1 [i.9] for guidance on assessment of TSP's processes and services.
NOTE 3: The present document references ETSI EN 319 401 [4] for general policy requirements common to all classes of TSP's services.
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This document specifies the system layer of the coding. It was developed principally to support the combination of the video and audio coding methods defined in Parts 2 and 3 of ISO/IEC 13818. The system layer supports six basic functions: 1) the synchronization of multiple compressed streams on decoding; 2) the interleaving of multiple compressed streams into a single stream; 3) the initialization of buffering for decoding start up; 4) continuous buffer management; 5) time identification; 6) multiplexing and signalling of various components in a system stream. A Rec. ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream is either a transport stream or a program stream. Both streams are constructed from PES packets and packets containing other necessary information. Both stream types support multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from one program with a common time base. The transport stream additionally supports the multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from multiple programs with independent time bases. For almost error-free environments the program stream is generally more appropriate, supporting software processing of program information. The transport stream is more suitable for use in environments where errors are likely. A Rec. ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream, whether a transport stream or a program stream, is constructed in two layers: the outermost layer is the system layer, and the innermost is the compression layer. The system layer provides the functions necessary for using one or more compressed data streams in a system. The video and audio parts of this Specification define the compression coding layer for audio and video data. Coding of other types of data is not defined by this Specification, but is supported by the system layer provided that the other types of data adhere to the constraints defined in 2.7.
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This document specifies: — How to uniquely identify Digital Items (and parts thereof); — How to uniquely identify IP related to the Digital Items (and parts thereof), for example abstractions; — How to express the relationship between the two above identifiers; — How to deal with varying levels of functional granularity for Digital Item identifiers; — How to uniquely identify description schemes; — The relationship between Digital Items (and parts thereof) and existing identification systems. Annex C contains a list of relevant identification systems. This is not an exhaustive list and is subject to change over time; — How to express the relationship between two Digital Items. This document does not specify: — New identification systems for the content elements for which identification and description schemes already exist and are in use (e.g. this document does not attempt to replace the ISRC, as defined in ISO 3901, for sound recordings); — Normative description schemes for describing content.
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This document describes the desired joint behaviour of MPEG-4 Systems (MPEG-4 File Format) and MPEG-4 Audio codecs. It is desired that MPEG-4 Audio encoders and decoders permit finite length signals to be encoded to a file (particularly MPEG-4 files) and decoded again to obtain the identical signal, subject to codec distortions. This enables the use of audio in systems implementations (particularly MPEG-4 Systems), perhaps with other media such as video, in a deterministic fashion. Most importantly, the decoded signal has nothing “extra” at the beginning or “missing” at the end. This permits: a) an exact "round trip" from raw audio to encoded file back to raw audio (excepting encoding artefacts); b) predictable synchronization between audio and other media such as video; c) correct behaviour when performing random access as well as when starting at the beginning of a stream; d) identical behaviour when edits are applied in the raw domain and the encoded domain (excepting encoding artefacts). It is also expected that there be predictable interoperability between encoders (as represented by files) and decoders. There are two kinds of audio "offsets" (or "delay" in the context of transmission): those that are result from the encoding process, and those that are result from the decoding process. This document is primarily concerned with the latter. These issues are resolved by the following: — The handling of composition time stamps for audio composition units is specified. Special care is taken in the case of compressed data, like HE-AAC coded audio, that can be decoded in a backward compatible fashion as well as in an enhanced fashion. — Examples are given that show how a finite length signals can be encoded to an MPEG-4 file and decoded again to obtain the identical signal, excepting codec distortions. Most importantly, the decoded signal has nothing “extra” at the beginning or “missing” at the end.
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This document specifies the format of the Session-Based Description document and the media presentation description's (MPD) extension to be used in session-based operations with ISO/IEC 23009-1 (MPEG DASH).
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This document specifies the encapsulation of codestreams specified in the JPEG 2000 family of Recommendations | International Standards into file formats derived from ISO/IEC 14496-12, including the file format specified in ISO/IEC 23008-12.
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This document provides the means of evaluating the performance of ISO 11784- and ISO 11785-conformant radiofrequency identification (RFID) transponders used in the individual identification of animals. It defines procedures of measuring technical parameters characterizing the performance of transponders. In Annex B an explanation is given how to interpret these parameters and how to link them to infield requirements.
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This document defines a reference comparison method. This method is applicable to two or more character strings to determine their collating order in a sorted list. The method can be applied to strings containing characters from the full repertoire of ISO/IEC 10646. This method is also applicable to subsets of that repertoire to produce ordering results valid (after tailoring) for a given set of languages for each script. This method uses collation tables derived either from the Common Template Tables (CTT) referenced by this document or from one of their tailoring. The format of the Common Template Table is described using the Backus-Naur Form (BNF). The format is used normatively within this document. This document also defines syntax elements to tailor these Common Template Tables used by the reference comparison method. Furthermore, it defines requirements for a declaration of the differences (delta) between a collation table and a given Common Template Table including the tailoring elements. These Common Template Tables describe an order for all characters encoded in the current and past ISO/IEC 10646 editions, including amendments. They allow for a specification of a fully deterministic ordering. These tables enable the specification of a string ordering adapted to local ordering rules, without requiring an implementer to have knowledge of all the different scripts already encoded in the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS). All these Common Template Tables have reference names which are related to a particular stage of development of the ISO/IEC 10646 Universal coded character set or a particular version of the Unicode Standard. These names and their relationship with ISO/IEC 10646 or the Unicode Standard repertoire are specified by an externally referenced document: Unicode Technical Standard, UTS #10, Unicode Collation Algorithm. This document does not: — mandate a specific comparison method; any equivalent method giving the same results is acceptable; — mandate a specific format for describing or tailoring tables in a given implementation; — mandate specific symbols to be used by implementations; — mandate any specific internal format for intermediate keys used when comparing, nor for the table used. The use of numeric keys is not mandated either; — mandate a context-dependent ordering; — mandate any particular preparation of character strings prior to comparison. NOTE 1 It is typical to do preparation of character strings prior to comparison even if it is not prescribed by this document (see Annex C). NOTE 2 Annex D describes problems that gave way to this document with their anticipated solutions.
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