ISO/IEC 23090-33:2025

International
Standard
ISO/IEC 23090-33
First edition
Information technology — Coded
2025-11
representation of immersive media —
Part 33:
Conformance and reference
software for haptics coding
Technologies de l'information — Représentation codée de médias
immersifs —
Partie 33: Conformité et logiciel de référence pour le codage
haptique
Reference number
© ISO/IEC 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions .1
3.2 Abbreviated terms and symbols.2
4 Reference software . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Software location and license .2
4.3 Software installation .2
4.4 Software architecture .3
4.5 Software usage .3
4.5.1 General .3
4.5.2 Examples of encoding .3
4.5.3 Examples of decoding .3
4.5.4 Examples of synthesis .3
4.6 Input reference files and software evaluation .4
4.7 Reference software limitations .4
4.8 Recommended bitrates .5
5 Conformance testing . . 5
5.1 General .5
5.2 Conformance testing for interchange format .6
5.3 Conformance testing for MIHS stream .7
5.4 MIHS compatibility conformance .7
5.5 Conformance testing for decoder .8
5.6 Conformance testing and reference files .8
Annex A (informative) List of recommended bitrates with wavelet and vectorial encoding . 9
Annex B (informative) List of recommended bitrates with wavelet encoding only .13
Annex C (informative) List of recommended bitrates with vectorial encoding only . 17
Annex D (normative) List of HJIF schema constraints .18
Annex E (normative) List of HJIF semantic checks .20
Annex F (normative) List of MIHS constraints .22
Annex G (normative) List of HJIF constraints to ensure compatibility with MIHS .26
Annex H (informative) List of input reference files .28
Annex I (informative) List of schema conformance testing files .30
Annex J (informative) List of semantic conformance testing files.32
Annex K (informative) List of MIHS conformance testing files .33
Annex L (informative) List of MIHS compatibility testing files .34
Annex M (informative) List of MIHS conversion testing files .36

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.
ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/
IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
ISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the
use of (a) patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any
claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO and IEC had not
received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers
are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch. ISO and IEC shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 23090 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
www.iec.ch/national-committees.

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
iv
Introduction
This document describes the reference software and the conformance testing for ISO/IEC 23090-31, coding
representation for Haptics. The reference software includes both encoder and decoder functionality.
The reference software is useful in aiding users of a standard for coding Haptics to establish and test
conformance and interoperability, and to educate users and demonstrate the capabilities of the standard.
For these purposes, the accompanying software is provided as an aid for the study and implementation of
ISO/IEC 23090-31 compression of Haptics.

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
v
International Standard ISO/IEC 23090-33:2025(en)
Information technology — Coded representation of
immersive media —
Part 33:
Conformance and reference software for haptics coding
1 Scope
The document specifies a set of tests and procedures designed to indicate whether encoders or decoders
meet the requirements specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 23090-31:2025, Information technology — Coded representation of immersive media — Part 31:
Haptics coding
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 23090-31 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
bitstream
sequence of bits that conforms to the syntax requirements specified by ISO/IEC 23090-31 or sequence of
bits to be tested for conformance to those syntax requirements
3.1.2
decoder
embodiment of the decoding process specified by ISO/IEC 23090-31
3.1.3
encoder
embodiment of a process, not specified in this document (except in respect to identification of the reference
software encoder), that produces a bitstream
3.1.4
reference software decoder
particular decoder (3.1.2) provided as a software package for use as an example available for study,
as a potential starting basis for the development of other decoders, as a way of testing bitstreams for
conformance, and as a reference for comparison with the behaviour of other decoders

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
3.1.5
reference software encoder
particular encoder (3.1.3) provided as a software package for use as an example available for study, as a
potential starting basis for the development of other encoders, and as a reference for comparison with the
behaviour of other encoders
3.2 Abbreviated terms and symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviated terms given in ISO/IEC 23090-31 apply.
4 Reference software
4.1 General
The purpose of this clause is to provide the following:
— Reference decoder software capable of decoding bitstreams that shall conform to ISO/IEC 23090-31 in a
manner that shall conform to the decoding process specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31.
— Reference encoder software capable of producing bitstreams that shall conform to ISO/IEC 23090-31.
Some examples of uses that can be appropriate for the reference decoder software are as follows:
— as an illustration of how to perform the decoding process specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31;
— as the starting basis for the implementation of a decoder that conforms to ISO/IEC 23090-31;
— for testing the conformance of a decoder implementation with the decoding process specified in
ISO/IEC 23090-31;
— for testing the conformance of a bitstream to the constraints specified for bitstream conformance in
ISO/IEC 23090-31, as the software can detect and report many bitstream conformance violations.
However, the lack of the detection of any conformance violation by the reference decoder software should
not be considered as definitive proof that the bitstream conforms to all constraints specified for bitstream
conformance in ISO/IEC 23090-31.
Some examples of uses that can be appropriate for the reference encoder software are as follows:
— as an illustration of how to perform an encoding process that produces bitstreams that conform to the
constraints specified for bitstream conformance in ISO/IEC 23090-31;
— as the starting basis for the implementation of an encoder that conforms to ISO/IEC 23090-31;
— as a means of generating bitstreams for testing the conformance of a decoder implementation with the
decoding process specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31;
— as a means of evaluating and demonstrating examples of the quality that can be achieved by an encoding
process that conforms to ISO/IEC 23090-31.
4.2 Software location and license
The reference software is available at https:// standards .iso .org/ iso -iec/ 23090/ -33/ ed -1/ en/
The software license is provided in the file LICENSE included with the software.
4.3 Software installation
Installation instructions are provided in the file Readme.md included with the software.

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
4.4 Software architecture
Figure 1 illustrates the overall architecture of the codec. The codec can process both waveform PCM
signals (WAV) and descriptive haptic files such as AHAP, IVS or HJIF, the interchange format published
in ISO/IEC 23090-31. Metadata information is provided to the codec through OHM input files. The
encoder can output two types of formats: an interchange file format (.hjif) encoded in JSON, and a binary
encoded streaming format (MIHS) that can also be stored as a binary file (.hmpg). The two formats have
complementary purposes, and a lossy one-to-one conversion can be operated between them.
The decoder takes as input a binary .hmpg file (the MIHS bitstream) or a .hjif file and either outputs a .hjif
file or directly synthesizes the haptic data. The synthesizer allows to render haptic data directly from a .hjif
input file or a decoded MIHS stream into a PCM output file if it does not contain wavelet encoded data. If the
input file or stream contains wavelet data, it first goes through a wavelet decoder before synthesis.
Figure 1 — Overview of the codec architecture
4.5 Software usage
4.5.1 General
The usage of the encoder, decoder and synthesizer is detailed in a dedicated section of the Readme.md file
included with the reference software.
4.5.2 Examples of encoding
With an interchange output file:

./Encoder -f MyInputFile.wav -o MyInterchangeFile.hjif
With a binary output file for a desired bitrate of 16 kb/s:

./Encoder -f MyInputFile.wav -o MyEncodedFile.hmpg --binary -kb 16
4.5.3 Examples of decoding
./Decoder -f MyEncodedFile.hmpg -o MyInterchangeFile.hjif
4.5.4 Examples of synthesis
From an HJIF file:
./Synthesizer -f MyInterchangeFile.hjif -o MyOutputFile.wav

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
From a HMPG file:
./Synthesizer -f MyEncodedFile.hmpg -o MyOutputFile.wav
4.6 Input reference files and software evaluation
For encoder and decoder testing, the set of reference files that were used for the implementation of the
reference software is provided. This set of files contains three subsets: a training set, a test set, and an
evaluation set. Each of these subsets contains data for short vibrotactile files of typically a few milliseconds
each (subset 1_1), long vibrotactile files of typically a few seconds (subset 1_2) and kinesthetic test files
(subset 1_3).
This set of files was generated using different input file types, including AHAP or WAV files, and for part of
them, an additional metadata OHM files (the OHM format is detailed in ISO/IEC 23090-31:2025, Annex B) is
provided. The complete list of files is detailed in Annex H.
The reference software is provided with the Python script “submission_process.py” that is used to evaluate
the reference software. The script encodes (at different bitrates), decodes, and synthetizes every reference
file and outputs a detailed report of the performance of the evaluated codec. The usage of the script is
detailed in Table 1. It is parameterized with the companion “config.json” file. This configuration file is setup
to run the script with the reference software, but it can be modified to use any other codec that has the same
arguments.
Table 1 — Usage for the Python script used to evaluate the reference software
usage: submission_process.py [-h] [--cutoff CUTOFF] [-o OUTPUT] [-b BITRATES [BITRATES .]] [--padding PAD-
DING]
[--filter_by_type FILTER_BY_TYPE] [--disable_wavelet DISABLE_WAVELET]
[--disable_vectorial DISABLE_VECTORIAL] [--bjontegaard BJONTEGAARD]
config_file CRM_version
positional arguments:
config_file input config file in JSON format
CRM_version version of the reference software

options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--cutoff CUTOFF Cutoff frequency. Default is 72.5
-o OUTPUT, --output OUTPUT output folder (default is `./out`)
-b BITRATES [BITRATES .], --bitrates bitrates used for the encoding (default is `[2, 8, 16, 64]`)
BITRATES [BITRATES .]
--padding PADDING pad in seconds used for the synthesizer
--filter_by_type FILTER_BY_TYPE Process input files matching with this type (if not set every file will be
proceed)
--disable_wavelet DISABLE_WAVELET Disables wavelet encoding
--disable_vectorial DISABLE_VECTORIAL Disables vectorial encoding
--bjontegaard BJONTEGAARD Calculates Bjontegaard's metrics and visually display the difference
4.7 Reference software limitations
As illustrated in Figure 1, the reference software is composed of three blocks: the encoder, the decoder and the
synthesizer. The reference decoder is capable of decoding any bitstreams that conform to ISO/IEC 23090-31
in a manner that conforms to the decoding process specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31. The reference encoder is
not normative and provide one possible implementation capable of producing bitstreams that conform to
ISO/IEC 23090-31. The reference synthesizer is also not normative and provide one possible implementation

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
capable of outputting Waveform PCM signal from the data decoded with the reference synthesizer. Both the
encoder and synthesizer provide a reference implementation that is not meant to be exhaustive nor fully
optimized. As such these two pieces of software present some limitations:
1) Encoder:
— The ISO/IEC 23090-31 specification allows overlapping effects on a single band, but the encoder does
not. It automatically adds a new band to prevent effects to overlap.
— The encoder does not provide any means to create new synch packets. For instance, when encoding an
input PCM file (typically a wave file), the current encoder splits the signal into low and high frequency
bands. The low frequencies are encoded using a curve band while the high frequencies are encoded using
wavelet band. During packetization, all MIHSPacket for the wavelet band are sync while the MIHSPacket
of the curve band are non-sync resulting in non-sync MIHSUnits. While this behaviour is conformant
with the specification, it is not intuitive. Another encoder can ensure that all MIHSPackets are sync.
2) Synthesizer:
— The current implementation of cubic interpolation for curve band is an approximation, it is not an exact
interpolation. The solution works with curves defined using extremum but can produce artefacts if
intermediate control points are added. The proposed solution is fast and work without artefacts when
rendering signals encoded with the reference encoder.
4.8 Recommended bitrates
Annex A, Annex B and Annex C provide guidelines for selecting encoder settings to achieve specific output
bitrates. Three different setups for wave files were used:
— Wavelet and Vectorial encoding with a cutoff frequency of 72.5 Hz (Annex A). The bit budget was varied
in the whole available range of 1 to 135 bits with the default block length of 1024.
— Wavelet encoding only (Annex B) The bit budget was varied in the whole available range of 1 to 135 bits
with the default block length of 1024.
— Vectorial encoding only with a cutoff frequency of 72.5 Hz (Annex C). Vectorial encoding has no parameter
to control the bitrate. A single setup was evaluated.
The tables were generated by finding the file with the highest bitrate for the given setting.
5 Conformance testing
5.1 General
Subclauses 5.2 to 5.5 specify tests for verifying the conformance of bitstreams as well as decoders. Two levels
of conformance have been defined as described in Figure 2. One for the HJIF format, one for the MIHS format.

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
Figure 2 — Overview of the conformance points
The conformance tests are performed using a dedicated Conformance software. This conformance software
can be used to test the conformance of a HJIF file, to test the conformance of a MIHS stream or to check the
conformance and compare two input files (HJIF or MIHS). The usage is provided in Table 2.
Table 2 — Usage for the conformance software used to check the conformance of a HJIF file, a MIHS
stream and compare two input files.
This piece of software checks the conformance of an input file based on ISO/IEC 23090-31
positional arguments:
-f, --file         file to convert

optional arguments:
-h, --help           show this help message and exit

-c, --comparison     the input file will be compared to the file provided for comparison.
5.2 Conformance testing for interchange format
The process for checking the conformance of HJIF files is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 — HJIF conformance tool

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
As shown in Figure 3, an HJIF input document conformance can be verified in two steps:
— Step 1. Schema verification: Using a relevant schema, its schema is verified.
— Step 2. Semantic verification: Using a set of rule tables, the semantic is verified.
Each step produces a report outlining which item in the document has failed if any.
The following information is provided for the verifiers:
1) For step 1, the schema for the HJIF file is provided to the schema verifier. The list of all requirements and
rules verified by the schema verifier shall be in accordance with Annex D.
2) For step 2, the rule tables reflect the “shalls” of the haptics specification such as the range of the
parameters or the uniqueness of IDs. The complete list of requirements and rules shall be in accordance
with Annex E. The decoder conformance is specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31:2025, Clause 6.
5.3 Conformance testing for MIHS stream
Figure 4 demonstrates the process for checking the conformance of MIHS streams.
Figure 4 — MIHS conformance tool
As shown in Figure 2, a MIHS input stream’s conformance is verified in a single step: The haptics MIHS
bitstream verifier decodes the MIHS streams, decodes each MIHS unit and packets, and checks whether the
syntax and conditions of the bitstream are valid according to the haptics specification. The complete list
of requirements and rules shall be in accordance with Annex F. The output of the verifier is a report. The
report can be in the form of HJIF format. However, there is additional information that may be provided by
extending the HJIF format, including the silent MIHS units, independent effects, etc.
The bitstream conformance is specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31:2025, Clause 7.
5.4 MIHS compatibility conformance
As depicted in Figure 5, HJIF input files can be compressed and packetized into MIHS streams. This
conversion however may not be lossless due to the limited number of bits allocated for each property in the
binary format. This typically limits the number of elements that may be contained in an array or the ranges
of integer or decimal values.
The complete list of required properties with their relative limitations shall be in accordance with Annex G.
Figure 5 — MIHS compatibility checking tool
The output of the verifier is a report with the list of all the constraints that have to be addressed to perform
a binary encoding of the HJIF file.

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
5.5 Conformance testing for decoder
Figure 6 demonstrates the conformance-checking process for a haptic decoder.
Figure 6 — Haptic decoder conformance
As shown in Figure 6, the haptic decoder under the conformance test is checked as the following:
1) A HJIF reference file is encoded into a MIHS stream.
2) The MIHS stream is fed to the decoder.
3) The output of the decoder is provided to the HJIF comparator along with the HJIF reference file
corresponding to the MIHS reference stream.
4) The conformance comparator compares the items in the two HJIF files. The comparator supposes that
the order of items in two HJIF files is the same. For each item, the conformance software check if the
properties are the same. For numbers, the comparator accounts for a margin based on the number of
bits allocated to this property in the MIHS format. If the files are different the conformance comparator
outputs an error.
Note that two conforming decoders may produce two different HJIF files, and while they convey the same
information, they might not be byte-to-byte identical. Besides the different conventions of using white
spaces, the decoders can produce the arrays in a different order when the standard does not require a
certain order of array elements.
The decoder conformance is specified in ISO/IEC 23090-31:2025, Clause 7.
5.6 Conformance testing and reference files
A set of reference files are provided for conformance testing. Annex I and Annex J detail the list of non-
conformant test files used to test the implementation of the conformance checks for the HJIF format described
in 5.2. It also lists the features tested for each file. Annex K details the list of non-conformant MIHS streams
used to test the implementation of the conformance checks for the MIHS format described in 5.3. Annex L
details the list of conformant HJIF files used to test the implementation of the MIHS compatibility checks
described in 5.4. Finally, Annex M details the list of HJIF conformant files used to test the conformance of the
encoding process described in 5.5.
A dedicated script testing all non-conformant files with expected output is available with the reference
software. It ensures that the decoder identifies all conformance issues defined in the previous clauses. The
usage of this script is detailed in Table 3.
Table 3 — Usage for the Python script used to check the conformance
usage: conformance_check.py [-h] config_file

positional arguments:
config_file input config file in JSON format

options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
Annex A
(informative)
List of recommended bitrates with wavelet and vectorial encoding
See Table A.1.
Table A.1 — List of recommended bitrates with wavelet and vectorial encoding
Allocated Bits Bitrate File PSNR
1 7.87 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 27.18
2 8.36 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 30.75
3 8.96 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 33.03
4 9.22 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 35.82
5 9.36 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 36.19
6 11.19 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 35.54
7 13.82 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 36.31
8 15.40 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 37.91
9 15.42 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 38.14
10 15.43 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 38.99
11 15.75 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 40.48
12 15.77 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 41.59
13 15.82 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 42.20
14 15.85 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 42.77
15 15.98 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 43.18
16 16.89 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 44.16
17 17.20 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 44.63
18 17.36 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 45.07
19 17.37 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 45.14
20 17.38 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 45.86
21 17.43 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 46.25
22 17.47 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 46.38
23 17.89 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 46.81
24 17.99 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 46.86
25 19.13 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 46.89
26 19.62 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 47.31
27 20.11 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 47.69
28 21.65 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 47.99
29 22.03 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 48.58
30 22.35 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 48.71
31 22.54 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 43.47
32 23.84 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 43.87
33 24.58 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 44.35
34 25.29 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 44.88
35 26.01 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 45.41

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
TTaabbllee AA.11 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Allocated Bits Bitrate File PSNR
36 26.62 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 45.90
37 28.56 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 46.18
38 29.05 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 46.34
39 29.68 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 46.63
40 30.98 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 47.14
41 32.20 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 47.85
42 33.05 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 48.49
43 33.68 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 49.42
44 34.21 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 49.78
45 34.61 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 49.82
46 36.97 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 50.13
47 37.63 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 50.18
48 38.64 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 50.37
49 39.81 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 50.73
50 40.72 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 51.07
51 41.57 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 51.47
52 42.10 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 51.86
53 42.28 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.04
54 42.59 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.20
55 44.98 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.22
56 45.98 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.25
57 47.03 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.36
58 48.31 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.51
59 49.10 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.64
60 49.78 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.80
61 50.09 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.85
62 50.29 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.91
63 50.83 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.95
64 53.24 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.96
65 54.44 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.96
66 55.37 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.98
67 56.45 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.00
68 57.33 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.05
69 57.73 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.08
70 58.14 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.12
71 58.31 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.14
72 58.60 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.14
73 61.76 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.15
74 62.79 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.15
75 64.42 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.16
76 65.20 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.17
77 65.74 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.18
78 66.12 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.19
79 66.31 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.20

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
TTaabbllee AA.11 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Allocated Bits Bitrate File PSNR
80 66.54 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.20
81 67.37 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.20
82 70.00 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.20
83 71.40 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.20
84 72.58 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
85 73.48 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
86 73.90 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
87 74.24 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
88 74.35 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
89 74.38 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
90 75.18 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
91 78.13 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
92 80.16 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
93 81.15 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.21
94 81.62 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
95 81.98 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
96 82.11 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
97 82.36 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
98 82.42 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
99 82.60 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
100 85.95 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
101 87.23 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
102 88.50 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
103 89.44 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
104 89.85 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
105 90.17 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
106 90.32 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
107 90.37 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
108 91.64 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
109 95.18 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
110 96.82 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
111 97.31 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
112 97.88 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
113 98.15 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
114 98.29 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
115 98.36 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
116 98.40 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
117 98.63 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
118 101.48 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
119 103.77 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
120 105.22 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
121 105.62 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
122 105.91 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
123 106.20 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
TTaabbllee AA.11 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Allocated Bits Bitrate File PSNR
124 106.40 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
125 106.46 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
126 106.68 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
127 110.40 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
128 112.32 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
129 113.04 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
130 113.87 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
131 114.07 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
132 114.27 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
133 114.38 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
134 114.40 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22
135 114.44 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.22

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
Annex B
(informative)
List of recommended bitrates with wavelet encoding only
See Table B.1.
Table B.1 — List of recommended bitrates with wavelet encoding only
Allocated Bits Bitrate File PSNR
1 3.01 APPL-vib-sparkle-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 26.44
2 3.41 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 30.68
3 4.01 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 32.95
4 4.28 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 35.77
5 4.41 APPL-vib-inflate-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 35.99
6 6.01 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 33.63
7 8.65 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 35.76
8 12.42 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 37.05
9 14.70 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 37.80
10 14.71 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 38.37
11 14.73 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 38.56
12 14.76 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 39.63
13 14.77 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 40.25
14 14.77 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 40.48
15 14.77 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 41.30
16 14.96 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 41.99
17 16.20 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 42.74
18 16.50 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 43.44
19 16.64 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 43.84
20 16.66 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 44.51
21 16.71 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 45.08
22 16.73 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 45.42
23 16.75 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 45.79
24 16.76 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 47.23
25 16.93 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 47.97
26 19.49 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 48.08
27 20.40 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 48.56
28 20.97 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 49.14
29 23.87 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 50.22
30 24.77 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 50.83
31 25.35 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 51.20
32 25.39 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.22
33 25.42 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.74
34 25.47 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.57
35 25.50 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.92

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
TTaabbllee BB.11 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Allocated Bits Bitrate File PSNR
36 25.55 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 54.28
37 25.60 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 55.29
38 25.62 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 55.54
39 25.67 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 56.13
40 25.72 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 56.67
41 25.93 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 57.11
42 25.97 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 58.89
43 26.02 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 58.99
44 26.07 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 59.63
45 26.08 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 60.27
46 26.13 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 60.67
47 26.13 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 60.85
48 26.14 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 61.46
49 26.15 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 61.65
50 26.18 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 61.60
51 26.30 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 61.71
52 26.88 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 61.77
53 26.96 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 62.61
54 27.26 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 63.03
55 27.32 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 63.67
56 27.35 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 63.90
57 27.36 APPL-vib-heartbeats-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 64.08
58 28.34 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 50.12
59 29.37 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 51.32
60 30.27 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 52.78
61 30.69 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 53.69
62 31.09 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 54.49
63 31.33 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 54.66
64 33.64 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 54.80
65 35.32 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 55.51
66 36.62 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 56.24
67 37.43 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 57.00
68 38.38 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 58.35
69 38.81 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 59.31
70 39.10 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 60.32
71 39.32 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 60.62
72 39.66 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 60.68
73 41.08 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 60.78
74 43.24 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 61.18
75 44.65 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 61.96
76 45.65 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 62.99
77 46.40 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 64.03
78 47.09 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 65.93
79 47.21 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 66.36

© ISO/IEC 2025 – All rights reserved
TTaabbllee BB.11 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Allocated Bits Bitrate File PSNR
80 47.26 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 66.59
81 47.43 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 66.65
82 50.05 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 66.84
83 51.37 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 67.12
84 53.13 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 67.72
85 54.00 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 68.67
86 54.54 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 69.70
87 54.97 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 71.30
88 55.17 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 72.15
89 55.30 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 72.67
90 55.35 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 72.74
91 56.81 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 72.82
92 59.37 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 73.24
93 61.34 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 74.02
94 62.21 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 74.96
95 62.83 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 76.20
96 63.12 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 77.53
97 63.19 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 77.88
98 63.31 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 78.45
99 63.35 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 78.70
100 66.11 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-nopad.wav 78.80
101 68.48 IDCC-vib-Paper-8kHz-16-no
...