Hydraulic fluid power - Calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids

ISO 11171:2010 specifies procedures for: a) primary particle-sizing calibration, sensor resolution and counting performance of automatic particle counters (APCs) for liquids capable of analysing bottle samples; b) secondary particle-sizing calibration using suspensions verified with a primary calibrated APC; c) establishing acceptable operation and performance limits; d) verifying particle sensor performance using a truncated test dust; e) determining coincidence and flow rate limits.

Transmissions hydrauliques - Étalonnage des compteurs automatiques de particules en suspension dans les liquides

L'ISO 11171:2010 spécifie des modes opératoires portant sur les aspects suivants: a) l'étalonnage dimensionnel primaire, la résolution des capteurs et les performances de comptage des compteurs automatiques de particules (CAP) en suspension dans les liquides capables d'analyser des échantillons en flacon; b) l'étalonnage dimensionnel secondaire avec des suspensions vérifiées au moyen d'un CAP ayant fait l'objet d'un étalonnage primaire; c) l'établissement de limites acceptables de fonctionnement et de performances; d) la vérification des performances du détecteur de particules en utilisant de la poudre d'essai tronquée; e) la détermination des limites de coïncidence et de débit.

Fluidna tehnika - Hidravlika - Umerjanje naprav za avtomatsko štetje delcev v tekočinah

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Public Enquiry End Date
31-Jan-2014
Publication Date
13-Feb-2014
Withdrawal Date
01-Jun-2021
Current Stage
9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
Start Date
01-Jun-2021
Due Date
24-Jun-2021
Completion Date
02-Jun-2021

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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11171
Second edition
2010-11-01
Hydraulic fluid power — Calibration of
automatic particle counters for liquids
Transmissions hydrauliques — Étalonnage des compteurs
automatiques de particules en suspension dans les liquides

Reference number
©
ISO 2010
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2010
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Materials and equipment .3
5 Sequence of APC calibration procedures.4
6 Sizing calibration procedure .7
7 Data presentation .14
8 Identification statement .14
Annex A (normative) Preliminary APC check .15
Annex B (normative) Coincidence error procedure .18
Annex C (normative) Flow rate limit determination .23
Annex D (normative) Resolution determination .27
Annex E (normative) Verification of particle-counting accuracy.32
Annex F (normative) Preparation and verification of bottles of secondary calibration suspensions.34
Annex G (informative) APC calibration round robin .37
Annex H (informative) Sample calculations .42
Annex I (informative) Verification of particle size distribution of calibration samples.48
Bibliography.50

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 11171 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC 6,
Contamination control.
This second edition of ISO 11171 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11171:1999), of which it
constitutes a technical revision, including the following modifications to clarify the steps to be performed when
using this International Standard and to minimize several potential sources of variability. Specifically:
a) A definition of an automatic particle counter (APC) has been added as 3.1.
b) In 5.1, the specific sequence of steps to be followed in calibration is not longer mandated.
c) In 5.1, Note 2 has been added to provide guidance on how to detect a change in the calibration of an
APC.
d) 6.3 now explicitly requires that at least 5 000 particles be counted in order to have statistically valid data
for a particular channel setting.
e) B.4 no longer requires that a 0 % sample be prepared and analysed; instead, the regression equation for
coincidence error determined in B.7 is forced through the origin.
f) Annex C now distinguishes between fixed flow rate and adjustable flow rate bottle samplers. Fixed flow
rate instruments simply require verification of their ability to consistently deliver a constant flow rate within
3 %. For adjustable flow rate instruments, this International Standard requires that their working flow rate
and flow rate limits be determined, in addition to verification of their ability to consistently deliver a
constant flow rate within 3 %.
g) D.12 increases the acceptable resolution of an APC from 10 % to 15 %.
h) E.3 requires that NIST RM 8632 dust be used for verification of counting accuracy. Use of ISO UFTD is
no longer acceptable.
i) Annex H now includes an example of how to construct a calibration curve.
It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 11171:1999/Cor.1:2001.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

Introduction
In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a liquid under pressure within an
enclosed circuit. The fluid is both a lubricant and a power-transmitting medium. Reliable system performance
requires control of the contaminants in the fluid. Qualitative and quantitative determination of the particulate
contaminants in the fluid medium requires precision in obtaining the sample and in determining the
contaminant particle size distribution and concentration. Liquid automatic particle counters (APCs) are an
accepted means of determining the concentration and size distribution of the contaminant particles. Individual
APC accuracy is established through calibration.
This International Standard establishes a recommended standard calibration procedure for determining
particle sizing and counting accuracy. The primary particle-sizing calibration is conducted using
NIST SRM 2806 suspensions with particle size distribution certified by the United States' National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST). A secondary calibration method with traceability to NIST uses suspensions
of ISO MTD which are independently analysed using an APC calibrated by the primary method. Concentration
limits are determined through the use of serial dilutions of a concentrated suspension. Operation and
performance limits are also established using this International Standard.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11171:2010(E)

Hydraulic fluid power — Calibration of automatic particle
counters for liquids
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies procedures for:
a) primary particle-sizing calibration, sensor resolution and counting performance of automatic particle
counters (APCs) for liquids capable of analysing bottle samples;
b) secondary particle-sizing calibration using suspensions verified with a primary calibrated APC;
c) establishing acceptable operation and performance limits;
d) verifying particle sensor performance using a truncated test dust;
e) determining coincidence and flow rate limits.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3722, Hydraulic fluid power — Fluid sample containers — Qualifying and controlling cleaning methods
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
ISO 12103-1, Road vehicles — Test dust for filter evaluation — Part 1: Arizona test dust
ISO 16889, Hydraulic fluid power — Filters — Multi-pass method for evaluating filtration performance of a filter
element
ISO 21501-3, Determination of particle size distribution — Single particle light interaction methods — Part 3:
Light extinction liquid-borne particle counter
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5598 and the following apply.
3.1
automatic particle counter
APC
instrument that automatically counts and sizes individual particles suspended in a fluid, typically relying on
optical light scattering or light extinction principles of particle sizing
NOTE An APC consists of, at a minimum, a particle sensor, a means for delivering a known volume of sample to the
sensor at a controlled rate, a signal processor, an analyser that compiles the sensor output for the sizes of individual
particles into particle size distribution, and a means for outputting particle size distribution results for the sample.
3.2
threshold noise level
minimum voltage setting of an automatic particle counter at which the observed pulse-counting frequency
does not exceed 60 counts/min due to electrical noise in the absence of flow in the sensing volume
3.3
sensing volume
portion of the illuminated region of the sensor through which the fluid stream passes and from which the light
is collected by the optical system
3.4
resolution
measure of the ability of an automatic particle counter to distinguish between particles of similar, but different,
sizes
3.5
coincidence error limit
highest concentration of NIST RM 8632 that can be counted with an automatic particle counter with an error of
less than 5 % resulting from the presence of more than one particle in the sensing volume at one time
3.6
working flow rate
flow rate through the sensor used for sizing calibration and sample analysis
3.7
particle size
projected area equivalent diameter of particles as determined using scanning electron microscopy or as
determined using a calibrated liquid optical single particle automatic particle counter
NOTE 1 Unless otherwise stated, an APC used for particle size determination is calibrated in accordance with this
International Standard.
NOTE 2 NIST uses scanning electron microscopy to determine the projected area equivalent diameter of particles in its
reference materials.
3.8
particle size distribution
number concentration of particles, expressed as a function of particle size
3.9
primary calibration
sizing calibration conducted using NIST standard reference material 2806
NOTE 1 The procedure is specified in Clause 6.
NOTE 2 For details of NIST standard reference material 2806, see 4.4.
3.10
secondary calibration
sizing calibration conducted using calibration suspensions
NOTE The procedure is specified in Clause 6 and the calibration suspensions are prepared in accordance with
Annex F.
2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

4 Materials and equipment
4.1 Polystyrene latex spheres, nearly monodispersed in aqueous suspension. Polystyrene latex spheres
with a nominal diameter of 10 µm are required in Annex D for resolution determination, and polystyrene latex
spheres with other nominal diameters larger than 50 µm are required in Clause 6 if size calibration for particle
sizes of 50 µm and larger is performed. In certain situations, it may also be useful to use additional sphere
sizes. Regardless, the coefficient of variation of each polystyrene latex sphere size shall be less than 5 %.
The supplier of the polystyrene latex spheres shall provide a certificate of analysis with each batch, which
indicates that the sphere particle size has been determined using techniques with traceability to national or
international standards.
Once opened, suspensions of polystyrene latex spheres shall be used within t
...


2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.WHNRþLQDKTransmissions hydrauliques - Étalonnage des compteurs automatiques de particules en suspension dans les liquidesHydraulic fluid power - Calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids23.100.01Fluid power systems in general17.120.01VSORãQRMeasurement of fluid flow in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:ISO 11171:2010oSIST ISO 11171:2014en,fr01-januar-2014oSIST ISO 11171:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
oSIST ISO 11171:2014
Reference numberISO 11171:2010(E)© ISO 2010
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO11171Second edition2010-11-01Hydraulic fluid power — Calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids Transmissions hydrauliques — Étalonnage des compteurs automatiques de particules en suspension dans les liquides
oSIST ISO 11171:2014
©
ISO 2010 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel.
+ 41 22 749 01 11 Fax
+ 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail
copyright@iso.org Web
www.iso.org Published in Switzerland
ii
oSIST ISO 11171:2014
iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope.1 2 Normative references.1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Materials and equipment.3 5 Sequence of APC calibration procedures.4 6 Sizing calibration procedure.7 7 Data presentation.14 8 Identification statement.14 Annex A (normative)
Preliminary APC check.15 Annex B (normative)
Coincidence error procedure.18 Annex C (normative)
Flow rate limit determination.23 Annex D (normative)
Resolution determination.27 Annex E (normative)
Verification of particle-counting accuracy.32 Annex F (normative)
Preparation and verification of bottles of secondary calibration suspensions.34 Annex G (informative)
APC calibration round robin.37 Annex H (informative)
Sample calculations.42 Annex I (informative)
Verification of particle size distribution of calibration samples.48 Bibliography.50
oSIST ISO 11171:2014
v Introduction In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a liquid under pressure within an enclosed circuit. The fluid is both a lubricant and a power-transmitting medium. Reliable system performance requires control of the contaminants in the fluid. Qualitative and quantitative determination of the particulate contaminants in the fluid medium requires precision in obtaining the sample and in determining the contaminant particle size distribution and concentration. Liquid automatic particle counters (APCs) are an accepted means of determining the concentration and size distribution of the contaminant particles. Individual APC accuracy is established through calibration. This International Standard establishes a recommended standard calibration procedure for determining particle sizing and counting accuracy. The primary particle-sizing calibration is conducted using NIST SRM 2806 suspensions with particle size distribution certified by the United States' National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). A secondary calibration method with traceability to NIST uses suspensions of ISO MTD which are independently analysed using an APC calibrated by the primary method. Concentration limits are determined through the use of serial dilutions of a concentrated suspension. Operation and performance limits are also established using this International Standard.
oSIST ISO 11171:2014
oSIST ISO 11171:2014
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11171:2010(E) © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
1 Hydraulic fluid power — Calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids 1 Scope This International Standard specifies procedures for: a) primary particle-sizing calibration, sensor resolution and counting performance of automatic particle counters (APCs) for liquids capable of analysing bottle samples; b) secondary particle-sizing calibration using suspensions verified with a primary calibrated APC; c) establishing acceptable operation and performance limits; d) verifying particle sensor performance using a truncated test dust; e) determining coincidence and flow rate limits. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3722, Hydraulic fluid power — Fluid sample containers — Qualifying and controlling cleaning methods ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary ISO 12103-1, Road vehicles — Test dust for filter evaluation — Part 1: Arizona test dust ISO 16889, Hydraulic fluid power — Filters — Multi-pass method for evaluating filtration performance of a filter element ISO 21501-3, Determination of particle size distribution — Single particle light interaction methods — Part 3: Light extinction liquid-borne particle counter 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5598 and the following apply. 3.1 automatic particle counter APC instrument that automatically counts and sizes individual particles suspended in a fluid, typically relying on optical light scattering or light extinction principles of particle sizing oSIST ISO 11171:2014

3 4 Materials and equipment 4.1 Polystyrene latex spheres, nearly monodispersed in aqueous suspension. Polystyrene latex spheres with a nominal diameter of 10 µm are required in Annex D for resolution determination, and polystyrene latex spheres with other nominal diameters larger than 50 µm are required in Clause 6 if size calibration for particle sizes of 50 µm and larger is performed. In certain situations, it may also be useful to use additional sphere sizes. Regardless, the coefficient of variation of each polystyrene latex sphere size shall be less than 5 %. The supplier of the polystyrene latex spheres shall provide a certificate of analysis with each batch, which indicates that the sphere particle size has been determined using techniques with t
...


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ISO 11171:2001
SIST ISO 11171:2001/TC 1:2002
)OXLGQDWHKQLND+LGUDYOLND8PHUMDQMHQDSUDY]DDYWRPDWVNRãWHWMHGHOFHYY
WHNRþLQDK
Hydraulic fluid power - Calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids
Transmissions hydrauliques - Étalonnage des compteurs automatiques de particules en
suspension dans les liquides
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 11171:2010
ICS:
17.120.01 0HUMHQMHSUHWRNDWHNRþLQQD Measurement of fluid flow in
VSORãQR general
23.100.01 +LGUDYOLþQLVLVWHPLQDVSORãQR Fluid power systems in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11171
Second edition
2010-11-01
Hydraulic fluid power — Calibration of
automatic particle counters for liquids
Transmissions hydrauliques — Étalonnage des compteurs
automatiques de particules en suspension dans les liquides

Reference number
©
ISO 2010
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2010
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Materials and equipment .3
5 Sequence of APC calibration procedures.4
6 Sizing calibration procedure .7
7 Data presentation .14
8 Identification statement .14
Annex A (normative) Preliminary APC check .15
Annex B (normative) Coincidence error procedure .18
Annex C (normative) Flow rate limit determination .23
Annex D (normative) Resolution determination .27
Annex E (normative) Verification of particle-counting accuracy.32
Annex F (normative) Preparation and verification of bottles of secondary calibration suspensions.34
Annex G (informative) APC calibration round robin .37
Annex H (informative) Sample calculations .42
Annex I (informative) Verification of particle size distribution of calibration samples.48
Bibliography.50

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 11171 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC 6,
Contamination control.
This second edition of ISO 11171 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11171:1999), of which it
constitutes a technical revision, including the following modifications to clarify the steps to be performed when
using this International Standard and to minimize several potential sources of variability. Specifically:
a) A definition of an automatic particle counter (APC) has been added as 3.1.
b) In 5.1, the specific sequence of steps to be followed in calibration is not longer mandated.
c) In 5.1, Note 2 has been added to provide guidance on how to detect a change in the calibration of an
APC.
d) 6.3 now explicitly requires that at least 5 000 particles be counted in order to have statistically valid data
for a particular channel setting.
e) B.4 no longer requires that a 0 % sample be prepared and analysed; instead, the regression equation for
coincidence error determined in B.7 is forced through the origin.
f) Annex C now distinguishes between fixed flow rate and adjustable flow rate bottle samplers. Fixed flow
rate instruments simply require verification of their ability to consistently deliver a constant flow rate within
3 %. For adjustable flow rate instruments, this International Standard requires that their working flow rate
and flow rate limits be determined, in addition to verification of their ability to consistently deliver a
constant flow rate within 3 %.
g) D.12 increases the acceptable resolution of an APC from 10 % to 15 %.
h) E.3 requires that NIST RM 8632 dust be used for verification of counting accuracy. Use of ISO UFTD is
no longer acceptable.
i) Annex H now includes an example of how to construct a calibration curve.
It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 11171:1999/Cor.1:2001.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

Introduction
In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a liquid under pressure within an
enclosed circuit. The fluid is both a lubricant and a power-transmitting medium. Reliable system performance
requires control of the contaminants in the fluid. Qualitative and quantitative determination of the particulate
contaminants in the fluid medium requires precision in obtaining the sample and in determining the
contaminant particle size distribution and concentration. Liquid automatic particle counters (APCs) are an
accepted means of determining the concentration and size distribution of the contaminant particles. Individual
APC accuracy is established through calibration.
This International Standard establishes a recommended standard calibration procedure for determining
particle sizing and counting accuracy. The primary particle-sizing calibration is conducted using
NIST SRM 2806 suspensions with particle size distribution certified by the United States' National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST). A secondary calibration method with traceability to NIST uses suspensions
of ISO MTD which are independently analysed using an APC calibrated by the primary method. Concentration
limits are determined through the use of serial dilutions of a concentrated suspension. Operation and
performance limits are also established using this International Standard.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11171:2010(E)

Hydraulic fluid power — Calibration of automatic particle
counters for liquids
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies procedures for:
a) primary particle-sizing calibration, sensor resolution and counting performance of automatic particle
counters (APCs) for liquids capable of analysing bottle samples;
b) secondary particle-sizing calibration using suspensions verified with a primary calibrated APC;
c) establishing acceptable operation and performance limits;
d) verifying particle sensor performance using a truncated test dust;
e) determining coincidence and flow rate limits.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3722, Hydraulic fluid power — Fluid sample containers — Qualifying and controlling cleaning methods
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
ISO 12103-1, Road vehicles — Test dust for filter evaluation — Part 1: Arizona test dust
ISO 16889, Hydraulic fluid power — Filters — Multi-pass method for evaluating filtration performance of a filter
element
ISO 21501-3, Determination of particle size distribution — Single particle light interaction methods — Part 3:
Light extinction liquid-borne particle counter
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5598 and the following apply.
3.1
automatic particle counter
APC
instrument that automatically counts and sizes individual particles suspended in a fluid, typically relying on
optical light scattering or light extinction principles of particle sizing
NOTE An APC consists of, at a minimum, a particle sensor, a means for delivering a known volume of sample to the
sensor at a controlled rate, a signal processor, an analyser that compiles the sensor output for the sizes of individual
particles into particle size distribution, and a means for outputting particle size distribution results for the sample.
3.2
threshold noise level
minimum voltage setting of an automatic particle counter at which the observed pulse-counting frequency
does not exceed 60 counts/min due to electrical noise in the absence of flow in the sensing volume
3.3
sensing volume
portion of the illuminated region of the sensor through which the fluid stream passes and from which the light
is collected by the optical system
3.4
resolution
measure of the ability of an automatic particle counter to distinguish between particles of similar, but different,
sizes
3.5
coincidence error limit
highest concentration of NIST RM 8632 that can be counted with an automatic particle counter with an error of
less than 5 % resulting from the presence of more than one particle in the sensing volume at one time
3.6
working flow rate
flow rate through the sensor used for sizing calibration and sample analysis
3.7
particle size
projected area equivalent diameter of particles as determined using scanning electron microscopy or as
determined using a calibrated liquid optical single particle automatic particle counter
NOTE 1 Unless otherwise stated, an APC used for particle size determination is calibrated in accordance with this
International Standard.
NOTE 2 NIST uses scanning electron microscopy to determine the projected area equivalent diameter of particles in its
reference materials.
3.8
particle size distribution
number concentration of particles, expressed as a function of particle size
3.9
primary calibration
sizing calibration conducted using NIST standard reference material 2806
NOTE 1 The procedure is specified in Clause 6.
NOTE 2 For details of NIST standard reference material 2806, see 4.4.
3.10
secondary calibration
sizing calibration conducted using calibration suspensions
NOTE The pro
...


NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 11171
Deuxième édition
2010-11-01
Transmissions hydrauliques —
Étalonnage des compteurs automatiques
de particules en suspension dans les
liquides
Hydraulic fluid power — Calibration of automatic particle counters for
liquids
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2010
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Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2010 – Tous droits réservés

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
Introduction.v
1 Domaine d'application .1
2 Références normatives.1
3 Termes et définitions .2
4 Matériaux et équipement .3
5 Succession des opérations d'étalonnage des CAP.4
6 Mode opératoire d'étalonnage dimensionnel .8
7 Présentation des données.15
8 Phrase d'identification .15
Annexe A (normative) Contrôle préliminaire du CAP .16
Annexe B (normative) Mode opératoire de détermination de l'erreur de coïncidence.19
Annexe C (normative) Détermination des débits limites .24
Annexe D (normative) Détermination de la résolution.28
Annexe E (normative) Vérification de la précision du comptage de particules.33
Annexe F (normative) Préparation et vérification des flacons de suspensions d'étalonnage
secondaire.36
Annexe G (informative) Essai interlaboratoires d'étalonnage de CAP.39
Annexe H (informative) Exemples de calculs.44
Annexe I (informative) Vérification de la distribution granulométrique des suspensions
d'étalonnage.50
Bibliographie.52

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 11171 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 131, Transmissions hydrauliques et
pneumatiques, sous-comité SC 6, Contrôle de la contamination.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 11171:1999), qui a fait l'objet d'une
révision technique qui comporte les modifications suivantes visant à clarifier les étapes à suivre lors de
l'utilisation de la présente Norme internationale et à minimiser plusieurs sources de variabilité potentielles. En
particulier:
a) La définition d'un compteur automatique de particules (CAP) a été ajoutée en 3.1.
b) En 5.1, la séquence spécifique d'étapes à suivre lors de l'étalonnage n'est plus obligatoire.
c) En 5.1, la Note 2 a été ajoutée pour fournir un guide sur la méthode de détection d'un changement
d'étalonnage d'un CAP.
d) 6.3 exige désormais explicitement de compter au moins 5 000 particules pour obtenir des données
statistiquement valables pour un réglage de canal donné.
e) B.4 n'exige plus la préparation et l'analyse d'un échantillon de 0 %, mais permet l'extrapolation à l'origine
de l'équation de régression de l'erreur de coïncidence déterminée en B.7.
f) L'Annexe C fait désormais la distinction entre passeurs d'échantillon en flacon à débit fixe et à débit
réglable. Les instruments à débit fixe exigent simplement la vérification de leur aptitude à fournir en
permanence un débit constant à 3 % près. Pour les instruments à débit réglable, la présente Norme
internationale demande de déterminer le débit d'utilisation et les débits limites, en plus de la vérification
de leur aptitude à fournir en permanence un débit constant à 3 % près.
g) D.12 augmente de 10 % à 15 % la résolution acceptable d'un CAP.
h) E.3 exige l'emploi de poudre NIST RM 8632 pour vérifier la précision de comptage. L'utilisation
d'ISO UFTD n'est plus acceptée.
i) L'Annexe H donne désormais un exemple de tracé de courbe d'étalonnage.
Elle incorpore également le Rectificatif technique ISO 11171:1999/Cor.1:2001.
iv © ISO 2010 – Tous droits réservés

Introduction
Dans les systèmes de transmissions hydrauliques, l'énergie est transmise et commandée par l'intermédiaire
d'un liquide sous pression circulant en circuit fermé. Ce fluide est à la fois un lubrifiant et un milieu de
transmission de l'énergie. La fiabilité de fonctionnement d'un système exige un contrôle des contaminants
présents dans le fluide. La quantification et la qualification des contaminants particulaires d'un échantillon de
fluide requièrent que son prélèvement et la mesure de la distribution granulométrique et de la concentration
des contaminants soient réalisés avec soin et précision. Les compteurs automatiques de particules (CAP) en
suspension dans les liquides sont des moyens reconnus de détermination de la concentration et de la
distribution granulométrique des contaminants particulaires. La précision de chaque CAP est établie par
étalonnage.
La présente Norme internationale définit un mode opératoire d'étalonnage normalisé recommandé permettant
de déterminer la précision de l'analyse granulométrique et du comptage de particules. L'étalonnage
dimensionnel primaire est réalisé avec des suspensions NIST SRM 2806 ayant une distribution
granulométrique certifiée par le National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) des États-Unis. Une
méthode d'étalonnage secondaire, assurant la traçabilité au NIST, utilise des suspensions d'ISO MTD qui
sont soumises à une analyse séparée au moyen d'un CAP étalonné selon la méthode primaire. Les
concentrations limites sont déterminées en effectuant une série de dilutions d'une suspension concentrée.
Les limites de fonctionnement et de performances sont également établies à l'aide de la présente Norme
internationale.
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 11171:2010(F)

Transmissions hydrauliques — Étalonnage des compteurs
automatiques de particules en suspension dans les liquides
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale spécifie des modes opératoires portant sur les aspects suivants:
a) l'étalonnage dimensionnel primaire, la résolution des capteurs et les performances de comptage des
compteurs automatiques de particules (CAP) en suspension dans les liquides capables d'analyser des
échantillons en flacon;
b) l'étalonnage dimensionnel secondaire avec des suspensions vérifiées au moyen d'un CAP ayant fait
l'objet d'un étalonnage primaire;
c) l'établissement de limites acceptables de fonctionnement et de performances;
d) la vérification des performances du détecteur de particules en utilisant de la poudre d'essai tronquée;
e) la détermination des limites de coïncidence et de débit.
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 3722, Transmissions hydrauliques — Flacons de prélèvement — Homologation et contrôle des méthodes
de nettoyage
ISO 5598, Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Vocabulaire
ISO 12103-1, Véhicules routiers — Poussière pour l'essai des filtres — Partie 1: Poussière d'essai d'Arizona
ISO 16889, Transmissions hydrauliques — Filtres — Évaluation des performances par la méthode de filtration
en circuit fermé
ISO 21501-3, Détermination de la distribution granulométrique — Méthodes d'interaction lumineuse de
particules uniques — Partie 3: Compteur de particules en suspension dans un liquide par extinction de la
lumière
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions donnés dans l'ISO 5598 ainsi que les
suivants s'appliquent.
3.1
compteur automatique de particules
CAP
instrument qui compte automatiquement et dimensionne les particules individuelles en suspension dans un
fluide, reposant généralement sur les principes de la diffusion ou de l'absorption de lumière
NOTE Un CAP est constitué, au minimum, d'un détecteur de particules, d'un dispositif permettant de fournir un
volume connu d'échantillon au capteur à un débit régulé, d'un processeur de signal, d'un analyseur qui transforme les
tailles des particules individuelles fournies par le capteur en une distribution granulométrique, et d'un afficheur des
résultats de distribution granulométrique de l'échantillon.
3.2
niveau de bruit de fond
réglage minimum de la tension du CAP pour lequel la fréquence observée de comptage des impulsions ne
dépasse pas 60 comptages/min du fait de parasites en l'absence de débit dans le volume de détection
3.3
volume de détection
partie de la zone éclairée du capteur traversée par le flux de fluide et d'où le système optique capte la lumière
3.4
résolution
mesure de l'aptitude d'un CAP à différencier des particules de tailles similaires mais différentes
3.5
limite d'erreur de coïncidence
concentration maximale en NIST RM 8632 qu'un CAP peut compter avec moins de 5 % d'erreur due à la
présence simultanée de plusieurs particules dans le volume de détection
3.6
débit d'utilisation
débit traversant le capteur pendant l'étalonnage dimensionnel et l'analyse des échantillons
3.7
taille des particules
diamètre des particules de surface projetée équivalente, déterminé par microscopie électronique à balayage
ou déterminé avec un compteur optique de particules en suspension dans les liquides étalonné
NOTE 1 Sauf indication différente, un CAP utilisé pour déterminer la taille des particules est étalonné conformément à
la présente Norme internationale.
NOTE 2 Le NIST utilise la microscopie électronique à balayage afin de déterminer le diamètre des particules de
surface projetée équivalente dans ses matériaux de référence.
3.8
distribution granulométrique
concentration en nombre de particules, exprimée
...

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