SIST CR 1187:2002

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2002
Preskusne metode za strehe, izpostavljene požaru z zunanje strani
Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs
Prüfverfahren zur Beanspruchung von Bedachungen durch Feuer von außen
Méthodes d'essai pour l'exposition des toitures a un feu extérieur
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CR 1187:2001
ICS:
13.220.50 Požarna odpornost Fire-resistance of building
gradbenih materialov in materials and elements
elementov
91.060.20 Strehe Roofs
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

CEN REPORT
CR 1187
RAPPORT CEN
CEN BERICHT
May 2001
ICS 13.220.50
English version
Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs
Méthodes d'essai pour l'exposition des toitures à un feu Prüfverfahren zur Beanspruchung von Bedachungen durch
extérieur Feuer von außen
This CEN Report was approved by CEN on 19 April 2001. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 127.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CR 1187:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Page 2
Contents Page
Foreword 3
Introduction 4
1 Scope 5
2 Normative references 5
3 Terms and definitions 5
4 Test 1: Method with burning brands 7
4.1 Test equipment 7
4.2 Calibration 8
4.3 Test conditions (pitch) 8
4.4 Test specimen 8
4.5 Conditioning 10
4.6 Test environment 11
4.7 Test procedure 11
4.8 Observations and measurement 12
4.9 Test report 13
4.10 Direct field of application of test results
5 Test 2 : Method with burning brands and wind 15
5.1 Test equipment 15
5.2 Calibration 16
5.3 Test conditions 18
5.4 Test specimen 18
5.5 Conditioning
5.6 Test environment 19
5.7 Test procedure 19
5.8 Observations and measurements 20
5.9 Test report 20
5.10 Direct field of application of test results 21
6. Test 3 : Method with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat. 21
6.1 Test equipment 21
6.2 Calibration 23
6.3 Test conditions 24
6.4 Test specimen 24
6.5 Conditioning 25
6.6 Test environment 26
6.7 Test procedure 26
6.8 Observations and measurements 27
6.9 Test report 27
6.10 Direct field of application of test results 29

Page 3
Foreword
This CEN Report has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 "Fire safety in buildings",
the secretariat of which is held by BSI.

Page 4
Introduction
The first mandate given to CEN/TC127 on fire resistance testing in support of the Construction
Products Directive required two test methods for external fire exposure to roofs. One test method
was to include the effect of a burning brand, the other was to include the effect of a burning brand
together with wind and supplementary radiant heat. These two draft methods were circulated for the
CEN 6 month enquiry, but many countries did not support the two and several countries requested
that only one method should be prepared by CEN.
The topic was referred to the EC Fire Regulators’ Group. Discussions took place in both the Fire
Regulators’ Group and the Standing Committee on Construction, and in April 1997 CEN/TC 127 was
requested to produce a standard incorporating the two existing draft methods and the Nordtest
method.
The Standing Committee accepted this as a short-term solution and strongly expressed the view that
a truly harmonised test procedure should be developed in the long term i.e. a single test procedure
for these characteristics.
Caution
The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out these tests is drawn to the
fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke
and gases may be evolved during the test.
An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions
should be identified and provided. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training
should be given to all relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow
written safety instructions at all times.

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1 Scope
This CEN Report specifies three methods for determining the performance of roofs to external fire
exposure. The three methods assess the performance of roofs under the following conditions:
test 1 - with burning brands
test 2 - with burning brands and wind
test 3 - with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat.
The tests assess the fire spread across the external surface of the roof, the fire spread within the
roof, the fire penetration (tests 1 and 3) and the production of flaming droplets or debris falling from
the underside of the roof or from the exposed surface (tests 1 and 3).
Tests 2 and 3 are not applicable to geometrically irregular roofs or roof mounted appliances e.g.
ventilators and roof lights.
NOTE  The three tests listed above do not imply any ranking order. Each test stands on its own
without the possibility to substitute or exchange one for another.
2 Normative references
This CEN Report incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are
listed below. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these
publications apply to this CEN Report only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For
undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN ISO 13943:2000 Fire safety – Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this CEN Report, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2000,
together with the following apply:
3.1
roof
covering and sealing systems including any insulating layers or vapour barriers normally provided
together with their supporting elements including attachment (glued, mechanically fastened etc.),
and roof lights or other closures for roof apertures that are intended to provide a weatherproof
surface
3.2
material
basic single substance or a uniformly dispersed mixture of substances (e.g. metal, stone, wood,
bitumen, concrete, mineral wool)
3.3
damaged material
material that has been burnt, melted or otherwise visually changed by heat. Discolouration and soot
deposits are not to be regarded as damaged material

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3.4
burnt material
material that has been destroyed by combustion or pyrolysis
3.5
composite
combination of materials which is generally recognized in building construction as a discrete entity
(e.g. coated or laminated products such as roofing felts)
3.6
assembly
fabrication of materials and / or composites (e.g. sandwich panels)
3.7
product
material, composite or assembled about which information is required
3.8
specimen
representative section of the roof prepared for the purpose of the test
3.9
continuous deck
element with a continuous supporting function in which the nominal gap between adjacent elements
is not greater than 0,5 mm (5,0 mm in the case of wooden planks with plain edges)
3.10
exposed surface
external surface of the specimen which is subject to the heating conditions of the test
3.11
measuring zone
area of the specimen within which measurements are made
3.12
underside
bottom surface of the specimen
3.13
sustained flaming
flames arising from an observed location, which persist for 5 s or longer
3.14
external fire spread
progression and extent of sustained flaming across the exposed surface of the specimen
3.15
fire penetration
appearance on the underside of any sustained flaming or glowing due to combustion including the
occurrence of any flaming droplets falling from the underside. Charring and/or discolouration are not
to be regarded as fire penetration
3.16
opening
appearance during the test of any hole greater than 25 mm
 in area or any crack greater than 2 mm
wide, which penetrates completely through the specimen and which would allow burning materials to
fall through the roof
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3.17
internal damage
extent of damaged material in each layer inside the specimen, measured from the edges of the
projection of the ignition source in the upwards and downwards directions with respect to the pitch of
the roof
3.18
fire spread within the roof
maximum burnt length measured from the upper edge of the projection of the ignition source in the
upward direction of each layer for sloped roofs, and in any direction for horizontal roofs (see 4.8.1)
3.19
flaming droplets or debris
burning material falling from the specimen that continues to burn on the floor for at least 5 s
3.20
joint
any kind of connection or link within a layer in the roof such as overlap, seams etc.
3.21
roof covering
uppermost layer of a roof. This layer can comprise single layer or multiple layer coverings
3.22
damaged length
the length of damaged material of the roof covering and the substrate respectively, expressed in mm
as measured from the centre of the wood crib position (for test method 2)
3.23
substrate
product which is used immediately beneath the roof covering, about which information is required
(for test method 2)
3.24
pitch
inclination of the roof to the horizontal
4 Test 1: Method with burning brands
4.1 Test equipment
4.1.1 Basket
A basket as shown in figure 1 shall be used. The basket shall be made from 3 mm diameter mild
steel wire forming a mesh of approximately 50 mm x 50 mm. The basket shall be open at the top
and bottom and have four projecting feet 10 mm long, one at each corner. The outer dimensions of
the basket shall be 300 mm x 300 mm x 200 mm deep. The mass of the basket shall be
(650 ± 50) g.
4.1.2 Wood wool
Wood wool shall consist of fibres approximately 2 mm wide x 0,2 mm to 0,3 mm thick and be
manufactured from softwood e.g. spruce, pine or fir.

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4.1.3 Balance
The balance is used to weigh the wood wool. It shall have a nominal capacity of at least 2 kg and an
accuracy of ± 1 g.
4.1.4 Timing device
A timing device with an accuracy of ± 5 s over 1 h shall be used.
4.2 Calibration
Each new batch of wood wool shall be checked by carrying out a control test as follows. A sample of
calcium board as described in 4.4.2.2 c), measuring 1 m x 1 m shall be supported horizontally at a
height of about 1 m above the floor. A basket filled with conditioned wood wool as described in 4.5.1
and 4.7.2 shall be placed at the centre of the board and ignited as described in 4.7.5. The burning
time shall be measured from the commencement of ignition until the final flame extinguishes.
Three separate tests shall be carried out. The calcium board used shall be cooled down between the
tests. If the range of the burning times recorded is greater than 2 min, a further three tests shall be
conducted. The mean burning time for all performed tests shall be calculated and shall lie within the
range of 4 min to 5 min.
4.3 Test conditions (pitch)
Roofs intended to be installed with pitches up to 20° in practice shall be tested at a pitch of 15°.
Roofs intended to be installed with pitches greater than 20° shall be tested at a pitch of 45°.
In special cases (e.g. where proof for a specific type of roof is to be provided), by way of departure
from the specifications regarding pitches, verification of the resistance of a roof to burning brands
may also be carried out by testing at the actual intended pitch. The test results so obtained shall
then be valid only for the pitch tested.
4.4 Test specimen
4.4.1 General
Four specimens with minimum dimensions 0,8 m in width x 1,8 m in length shall be prepared under
appropriate supervision by the laboratory for each roof pitch to be tested.
Roof lights shall be tested in the original size, with a waterproofing system attached as in practice.
The specimens shall be representative, in all details of practical application (except for standard
supporting deck), with regard to both the support, and the type and number of layers of roofing
materials (including any insulation, vapour barriers, etc), and with regard to the joining of those
layers. An example specimen section is shown in figure 2.
Where appropriate (see table 1), at least one specimen shall incorporate a vertical joint in the top
layer and another specimen shall incorporate a horizontal joint in the top layer. The other two
specimens may be without any joint in the top layer.
In the case of a roof with jointed thermal insulation, a vertical joint in the insulation shall be included
in each of the specimens. This joint shall be located on the longitudinal axis of the test specimen.
Additional guidance on joints is given in 4.4.3.

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4.4.2 Selection of standard supporting decks
4.4.2.1 General
When the product being evaluated is a roof covering system intended for general application over a
variety of decks (see 4.10), the test deck shall be selected in accordance with either 4.4.2.2 b) or
4.4.2.2 c).
4.4.2.2 Roof coverings intended to be installed over continuous decks
a) In the case of roof coverings intended to be installed over a continuous deck which is not profiled,
a roof deck in accordance with either 4.4.2.2 b) or 4.4.2.2 c) shall be used. If the materials are to be
laid over a profiled steel deck, then a trapezoidal profiled steel deck, in accordance with 4.4.2.2 d)
shall be used.
b) If it is intended to simulate a wooden continuous deck with gaps not exceeding 0,5 mm, the wood
particle board deck shall be constructed from planks 250 mm wide x 16 mm thick running parallel to
the eaves with plain edges and tightly butt jointed so that the gaps between planks do not exceed
0,5 mm.
If it is intended to simulate a deck made of narrow solid wood planks, the gaps between the particle
board panels shall be (5,0
0,5) mm.
The wood particle board shall con
...