ISO 12103-1:2016

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 12103-1
ISO/TC 22/SC 34 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2015-06-22 2015-09-22
Road vehicles — Test contaminants for filter evaluation —
Part 1:
Arizona test dust
Véhicules routiers — Poussière pour l’essai des filtres —
Partie 1: Poussière d’essai d’Arizona
ICS: 43.060.40; 43.060.20
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ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
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PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2015

ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
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ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Test dust description . 1
3 Test dust designation . 1
4 Particle size distribution . 1
5 Chemical composition . 2
5.1 Typical chemical content of ISO specified Arizona test dusts . 2
5.2 Chemical analysis methodology — X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) . 2
Annex A (normative) Analysis equipment and operating procedure . 3
Annex B (informative) History of Arizona test dust . 7
Annex C (informative) Handling and preparation . 9
Bibliography .14
ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
Foreword
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The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 34, Vehicle
propulsion and powertrain and fluids.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12103-1:1997), which has been
technically revised.
ISO 12103 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles — Test contaminants for
filter evaluation:
— Part 1: Arizona test dust
— Part 2: Aluminium oxide test dust
— Part 3: Soot aerosol [To be published]
— Part 4: Salt aerosol [To be published]
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
Introduction
ISO 12103-1 specifies four grades of test dusts made from Arizona desert sand composed of naturally
occurring compounds which motor vehicles are commonly subjected to. These test dusts are used to
determine performance of filtration systems. Due to the abrasive characteristics of these materials, they
have also been used in wear studies involving bearings, internal combustion engines and fuel injection
systems, seals, fan blades, windshield wipers, etc.
This part of ISO 12103 specifies particle size distribution of four grades of test dust by volume percent
as opposed to number characterization.
Dusts complying with volume distribution specified in this part of ISO 12103 are not appropriate for
calibration of particle counters. For this purpose refer to ISO 11171, Hydraulic fluid power — Calibration
of automatic particle counters for liquids.
This is an Arizona Test Dust standard, not other region document. Other dusts and documents can be
brought forward to the committee to develop into a standard.
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
Road vehicles — Test contaminants for filter evaluation —
Part 1:
Arizona test dust
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12103 defines particle size distribution and chemical content limits involving four
grades of test dust made from Arizona desert sand.
2 Test dust description
ISO test dusts according to this part of ISO 12103 are manufactured from Arizona desert sand. Arizona
desert sand is a naturally occurring contaminant consisting primarily of silicon dioxide with smaller
amounts of other compounds. It is collected from the Salt River area of Arizona desert and sized to
specific particle size.
Arizona desert sand has also been referred to as Arizona road dust, Arizona test dust, Arizona silica, AC
fine or coarse test dust, and SAE fine or coarse test dust.
Bulk density of ISO test dusts made from Arizona sand varies with particle size (see Table 1).
Table 1 — Bulk density
Approximate bulk density
Category
(kg/m )
ISO ultrafine 500
ISO fine 900
ISO medium 1 025
ISO coarse 1 200
3 Test dust designation
Arizona test dusts are available in four standard grades designated as follows:
— ISO 12103-1, A1 ultrafine test dust
— ISO 12103-1, A2 fine test dust
— ISO 12103-1, A3 medium test dust
— ISO 12103-1, A4 coarse test dust
4 Particle size distribution
Particle size distribution is determined using a light scattering particle size analyser, as referenced in
ISO 13320, Particle size analysis — Laser defraction methods.
ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
Table 2 specifies cumulative volume particle size limits for ISO test dusts made from Arizona desert
1)
sand, when determined using a Microtrac S3500 particle size analyser™.
When the different type analyser is employed by a test laboratory, the laboratory should generate suitable
1)
correlation data between the analyser by which these powders are supplied to conform (Microtrac
analyser) and by the analyser adopted by the test laboratory.
Table 2 — Particle size distributions (volume % less than)
Size (µm) A1 ultrafine A2 fine A3 medium A4 coarse
352,00 — — — 100,0
248,90 — — 100,0 99,0 – 100,0
176,00 — 100,0 99,0 – 100,0 97,2 – 98,2
124,50 — 99,0 – 100,0 97,2 – 98,6 93,0 – 94,0
88,00 — 97,9 – 98,9 94,7 – 96,0 85,0 – 86,5
44,00 — 89,5 – 91,5 82,0 – 83,5 58,0 – 60,0
22,00 100,0 73,5 – 76,0 62,5 – 64,5 36,0 – 38,5
11,00 95,5 – 97,5 57,0 – 59,5 42,3 – 43,6 21,0 – 23,0
5,50 65,0 – 69,0 39,5 – 42,5 22,1 – 23,2 11,5 – 12,5
2,75 23,0 – 27,0 21,3 – 23,3 10,3 – 11,1 5,5 – 6,3
1,38 7,0 – 10,0 8,0 – 9,5 3,8 – 4,4 1,8 – 2,1
0,97 3,0 – 5,0 4,5 – 5,5 2,0 – 2,4 0,74 – 0,83
NOTE  Data shown per Table 2 was determined using the particle size analysis instrument indicated in normative Annex A.
Use of any other particle size analysis equipment will obtain different results.
5 Chemical composition
5.1 Typical chemical content of ISO specified Arizona test dusts
See Table 3.
Table 3 — Chemical content
Element Percentage of mass
Silicon 69,0 – 77,0
Aluminium 8,0 – 14,0
Iron 4,0 – 7,0
Potassium 2,0 – 5,0
Calcium 2,5 – 5,5
Sodium 1,0 – 4,0
Magnesium 1,0 – 2,0
Titanium 0,0 – 1,0
5.2 Chemical analysis methodology — X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF)
Chemical analysis is performed using an X-ray fluorescence analyser per ASTM C-114-13.
1) Microtrac and Microtrac S3500 are trade names. This information is given for the convenience of the users of
this part of ISO 12103 and do not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this company or its products.
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
Annex A
(normative)
Analysis equipment and operating procedure
A.1 Particle size analyser
A.1.1 General
Particle size data of ISO specified Arizona test dusts as shown in Table 2, were determined using a
TM
Microtrac Model S3500 light scattering type analyser. Use of any other particle size analysis equipment
will obtain different results. Other particle size analysis instruments may be acceptable for analysis of
test dust products specified in ISO 12103-1, if suitability and correlation is determined between the
TM
Microtrac S3500 and the other analyser. Use of particle size analysis instruments other than the
TM
Microtrac S3500 will require a modified particle size analysis procedure.
TM
The Microtrac Model S3500 employs use of three light scattering lasers that are combined to produce
the resulting particle size distribution data. A tri-laser system uses precise angular measurement of
scattered light through a full 180 degree angular range with three lasers and two detector arrays.
Analysis of scattered light to determine particle size employs a Mie based unified angular scattering
theory with a dynamic range of 0,02 to 2 800 microns (see Table A.1).
Normally it is not acceptable to publish a manufacturer’s name or equipment identification. However
due to the close tolerance of the specified particle size limits and variation between instruments by
multiple manufacturers, one particle size analysis instrument was defined for this specification.
Particle size distribution specified limits shown in Table 2 of ISO 12103-1 were derived from sample
analysis of PTI manufactured test dust produced prior to May 1994 using three separate Microtrac
TM
Model S3500 light scattering analysers.
TM
Table A.1 — Microtrac Model S3500 specifications
Item Specification
Measuring range 0,02 to 2 800 micron
Basic range Wet 0,7 to 1 000 micron
High range Wet 2,75 to 2 800 micron
Standard range Wet 0,24 to 1 400 micron
Special range Wet 0,086 to 1 400 micron
Extended range Wet 0,021 to 2 000 micron
Enhanced range Wet 0,021 to 2 800 micron
Precision Spherical Glass Beads D50 = 642 micron, Precision as CV = 0,7 %
Spherical Glass Beads D50 = 56 micron, Precision as CV = 1,0 %
Spherical Latex Beads D50 = 0,4 micron, Precision as CV = 0,6 %
Lasers Wavelength 780nm
Power 3mW nominal
Detection system Two fixed photo-electric detectors with logarithmically spaced segments placed at
correct angles for optimal scattered light detection. 0,02 to 163 degrees using 151
detector segments.
ISO/DIS 12103-1:2015(E)
Table A.1 (continued)
Item Specification
Data handling Volume, Number and Area distributions as well as percentile and other summary
data. Data are stored in ODBC format in encrypted Microsoft Access Databases to
ensure compatibility with external statistical software applications. Data integrity
may be ensured using FDA 21 CFR Part 11 compliant security features including
password protection, electronic signatures and assignable permissions.
TM
A.1.2 Microtrac S3500 particle size analys
...