EN 16990:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2020
Lahka motorna vozila za prevoz oseb in blaga ter pripadajoča oprema, za katera ni
potrebna homologacija za uporabo na cesti - Zunajcestna vozila - Varnostne
zahteve in preskusne metode
Light motorized vehicles for the transportation of persons and goods and related facilities
and not subject to type-approval for on-road use - Side by Side Vehicles - Safety
requirements and test methods
Motorisierte (ride-on) Fahrzeuge ohne Zulassung für den öffentlichen Straßenverkehr,
bestimmt für den Transport von Personen und Gütern - Side-by-Side-Fahrzeuge -
Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Véhicules motorisés légers non soumis à la réception par type pour le transport de
personnes, de marchandises ainsi que d’autres équipements - Véhicules tout terrain
(VTT - Quads) et véhicules côte à côte - Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d’essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16990:2020
ICS:
43.080.99 Druga tovorna vozila Other commercial vehicles
43.140 Motorna kolesa in mopedi Motorcycles and mopeds
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16990
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 43.080.99; 43.140
English Version
Light motorized vehicles for the transportation of persons
and goods and related facilities and not subject to type-
approval for on-road use - Side by Side Vehicles - Safety
requirements and test methods
Véhicules motorisés légers non soumis à la réception Motorisierte (ride-on) Fahrzeuge ohne Zulassung für
par type pour le transport de personnes, de den öffentlichen Straßenverkehr, bestimmt für den
marchandises ainsi que d'autres équipements - Transport von Personen und Gütern - Side-by-Side-
Véhicules côte à côte - Exigences de sécurité et Fahrzeuge - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und
méthodes d'essai Prüfverfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 March 2020.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16990:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
European foreword . 6
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 List of hazards . 14
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 14
5.1 General Requirements . 14
5.2 Mechanical hazards . 14
5.2.1 Speed control pedal . 14
5.2.2 Braking devices . 15
5.2.3 Steering system . 17
5.2.4 Moving parts . 18
5.2.5 Sharp edges . 19
5.2.6 Safety Belts and their anchorages . 19
5.2.7 Roll Over Protective Structures (ROPS) . 23
5.2.8 Fuel and hydraulic systems . 23
5.2.9 Operator’s seat . 24
5.2.10 Passenger seat and handhold(s). 24
5.2.11 Suspension . 24
5.2.12 Drive Train controls . 24
5.2.13 Electric starter interlock . 25
5.2.14 Reversing indicator and warning . 25
5.2.15 Access systems to the operator’s station, passenger accommodation and
maintenance points . 25
5.2.16 Foot controls . 25
5.2.17 Lighting Equipment (headlamps, tail lamps and stop lamps) . 26
5.2.18 Tilt Table Stability Tests (Lateral and Longitudinal) . 26
5.2.19 Tyres . 26
5.2.20 Maximum design speed . 27
5.2.21 Engine stop switch . 27
5.2.22 Manual clutch control . 27
5.2.23 Unauthorised use . 28
5.2.24 Acoustic/audible warning. 28
5.3 Electrical Hazards – General . 28
5.3.1 Grounding . 28
5.3.2 Capacity and over-current protective devices . 28
5.3.3 Routing and Installation . 28
5.3.4 Electrical Energy Storage Systems . 29
5.3.5 Protection against accidental by-passing of the starter security . 29
5.4 Hot surfaces . 29
5.4.1 General . 29
5.4.2 Temperature limits for touchable surfaces . 30
5.5 Noise control . 30
5.5.1 Noise control at source by design . 30
5.5.2 Noise control by protective measures . 31
5.5.3 Noise reduction by information . 31
5.6 Vibration hazards. 31
5.7 Material/substance hazards . 31
5.8 Storage provisions . 31
5.9 Ergonomics . 32
5.10 Errors of fitting . 32
5.11 Additional Requirements for Electric-Powered Vehicles . 32
5.11.1 Grounding . 32
5.11.2 Electrical Heat-generating . 32
5.11.3 Heat test acceptance . 32
5.11.4 Movement Modes (Safety Requirements) . 32
5.11.5 Charging Requirements . 33
5.11.6 High Voltage Requirements . 33
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 34
6.1 Verification methods . 34
6.2 Verification of final assembly . 35
7 Information for use . 36
7.1 General . 36
7.2 Signs (pictograms), written warnings . 36
7.3 Accompanying documents (in particular the instructions handbook) . 36
7.4 Marking . 39
Annex A (informative) Examples of Side by Side Vehicles (SbSs) . 41
Annex B (normative) Service braking system and service brake performance . 45
B.1 Measuring maximum speed . 45
B.1.1 Test operator . 45
B.1.2 Test conditions . 45
B.1.3 Test procedure . 45
B.2 Measuring service brake performance . 46
B.2.1 Test conditions . 46
B.2.2 Test procedure . 46
B.2.3 Service brake fade performance . 47
B.2.3.1 Test conditions . 47
B.2.3.2 Test procedure . 47
B.2.3.3 Alternative Test Procedure (Repeated braking) . 47
B.2.3.4 Hot Performance . 48
B.2.4 Service brake fade recovery performance . 48
B.2.4.1 Test conditions . 48
B.2.4.2 Test procedure . 48
Annex C (normative) Parking Brake/Mechanism Performance . 49
C.1 Test conditions . 49
C.2 Test Procedure . 49
Annex D (normative) Test conditions stability . 50
D.1 Tilt table lateral stability tests . 50
D.1.1 Test conditions . 50
D.1.2 Test vehicle configuration . 50
D.1.3 Tilt table test platform requirements . 50
D.1.4 Test procedure . 50
D.2 Tilt table longitudinal stability tests . 51
D.2.1 Test conditions . 51
D.2.2 Test procedure . 52
Annex E (normative) Determination of hot surfaces . 53
E.1 General . 53
E.2 Temperature measuring equipment. 53
E.3 Determination of temperature of areas to be assessed . 53
E.4 Determination of inadvertent accessibility of hot surfaces. 54
E.4.1 For distance between the identified hot area and the nearest control in excess
of 100 mm . 54
E.4.2 For distance between the identified hot area and the nearest control less than or
equal to 100 mm . 54
E.4.3 Recording of determined inadvertent accessible hot areas . 55
Annex F (normative) Noise test code . 57
F.1 General . 57
F.2 Determination of the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the operator’s
station and passenger(s) positions. 57
F.2.1 Basic standards and measurement procedure . 57
F.2.2 Measurement uncertainty . 58
F.3 A-weighted sound power level determination . 58
F.3.1 Basic standards and measurement procedure . 58
F.3.2 Measurement uncertainty . 59
F.4 Test Environment. 59
F.5 Operating conditions . 60
F.6 Information to be recorded and reported . 60
F.6.1 Vehicle under test . 60
F.6.2 Acoustic environment . 61
F.6.3 Instrumentation . 61
F.6.4 Acoustical data . 61
F.7 Noise Declaration . 61
Annex G (normative) Vibration test method . 63
G.1 Background . 63
G.2 Coupling the hand and body to the vibration source . 64
G.3 Positioning and operating the vehicle during the test . 65
G.4 Parameters to be measured . 65
G.5 Determination of the vibration values . 65
G.6 Information to be recorded . 65
G.6.1 General . 65
G.6.2 Vehicle under test . 65
G.6.3 Measuring equipment . 66
G.6.4 Vibration data . 66
G.7 Information to be reported . 66
Annex H (normative) Test methods applying to safety belt anchorages and safety belts . 67
H.1 General . 67
H.2 Location of the upper effective safety belt anchorages . 67
H.3 Testing provisions . 69
Annex I (normative) Heat Generating Components – Heat Test for Electric Powered
Vehicles . 73
I.1 Test Conditions for Electric Powered Vehicles . 73
I.2 Test Procedure . 73
Annex J (informative) Pre-delivery form . 74
J.1 General . 74
J.2 Dealer's declaration . 74
J.3 Purchaser’s declaration . 75
Annex K (informative) Warnings and Pictograms . 76
Annex L (informative) Instructions for tyres to be included in the instructions handbook . 79
L.1 General . 79
L.2 Instructions on use . 79
L.2.1 Fitting and removal of tyres . 79
L.2.2 Inflation pressure . 79
L.3 Tyre and wheel maintenance . 79
L.4 Tyre replacement . 79
L.5 Tyre ageing. 79
Annex M (normative) List of hazards . 80
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered. 85
Bibliography . 88

European foreword
This document (EN 16990:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 354 “Non-type
approved light motorized vehicles for the transportation of persons and goods and related facilities -”,
the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2020, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive 2006/42/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.)
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
The vehicles concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B
standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards, for vehicles that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C
standard.
1 Scope
This document applies to Side by Side vehicles propelled by internal combustion engines using liquid
fuels (petrol, diesel, bio-fuels, lpg) and/or electric drive, intended to be used primarily on unpaved
1)
surfaces and not intended to be used on public roads .
This document defines safety requirements relating to the elements of design, operation, and
maintenance of Side by Side vehicles and deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to Side by Side vehicles, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse
which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex M). It deals with the significant
hazards during the whole lifecycle of the product as defined in 5.3 of EN ISO 12100:2010,
This document is not dealing with:
2)
— Side by Side Vehicles exclusively intended for competition ;
— Side by Side Vehicles fitted with side facing seats
— Side by Side Vehicles intended to be operated by persons under the age of 14 years;
— agricultural and forestry tractors coming under Regulation (EU)167/2013;
— 3 or 4 wheeled vehicles coming under Regulation (EU)168/2013;
3)
— accessories for additional functions ;
— the additional hazards due to the use of the Side by Side Vehicle on public roads;
— the additional hazards due to the use of remote control.
This document is not intended to cover all terrain vehicles (ATVs - Quads) as defined by
EN 15997:2011.
This document is not applicable to Side by Side vehicles which are manufactured before the date of its
publication as EN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CEN/TR 15172-1, Whole-body vibration - Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction - Part 1: Engineering
methods by design of machinery
CR 1030-1, Hand-arm vibration — Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction — Part 1: Engineering
methods by design of machinery

1)
In general, vehicles intended for use on public roads have to fulfil specific requirements and/or require official
“type-approval”.
2)
The main criterion to be applied to judge whether vehicles are to be considered as exclusively intended for competition is
whether they are designed according to the technical specifications laid down by one of the officially recognised racing
associations.
3)
Towing hook and load carrying provisions remaining within the vertical projection onto the ground of the vehicle are not
considered as accessories.
EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009, Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles - Part 1: Terminology and
general principles
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN 14930:2007+A1:2009, Agricultural and forestry machinery and gardening equipment - Pedestrian
controlled and hand-held machines - Determination of accessibility of hot surfaces
EN 60335-2-29:2004, Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-29: Particular
requirements for battery chargers
EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 1: Requirements for
visual, acoustic and tactile signals
EN ISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery - Roll-over protective structures - Laboratory tests and
performance requirements (ISO 3471:2008)
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure - Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
(ISO 3744:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics - Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 5349-1:2001, Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-
transmitted vibration - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 5349-1:2001)
EN ISO 8041:2005, Human response to vibration - Measuring instrumentation (ISO 8041:2005)
EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment – Planning (ISO/TR 11688-2:1995)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)
EN ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction
of fixed and movable guards (ISO 14120:2015)
ISO 3463:2006, Tractors for agriculture and forestry — Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) —
Dynamic test method and acceptance conditions
ISO 5006:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Operator’s field of view — Test method and performance
criteria
ISO 5348:1998, Mechanical vibration and shock — Mechanical mounting of accelerometers
ISO 5700:2013, Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) (cab or frame) of wheeled or tracked tractors for
agriculture and forestry - Static test method and acceptance conditions
ISO 12003-1:2008, Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Front Mounted on narrow-track wheeled
agricultural and forestry tractors - Procedures for both static and dynamic testing
ISO 12003-2:2008, Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Rear Mounted on narrow-track wheeled
agricultural and forestry tractors - Procedures for both static and dynamic testing
OECD test code 3, OECD standard code for the official testing of protective structures on agricultural
and forestry tractors (dynamic test) (Edition 2015 – July 2014)
OECD test code 4, OECD standard code for the official testing of protective structures on agricultural
and forestry tractors (static test) (Edition 2015 – July 2014)
OECD test code 6, OECD standard code for the official testing of front mounted roll-over protective
structures on narrow-track wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors (Edition 2015 – July 2014)
OECD test code 7, OECD standard code for the official testing of rear mounted roll-over protective
structure on narrow-track wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors (Edition 2015 – July 2014)
SAE J 141 (JUN 95), Seat Belt Hardware – Performance Requirements
SAE J 383 (201303), Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Anchorages – Design Recommendations
SAE J 384 (JUN 94), Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Anchorages – Test Procedures
SAE J 386 (201208), Operator Restraint System for Off-Road Work Machines
SAE J 2292 (200612 or JAN 2016), Combination Pelvic/Upper Torso (Type 2) Operator Restraint Systems
for Off-Road Work Machines
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
Side by Side vehicle
SbS
self-propelled, operator-controlled, non-articulated vehicle operable on four or more wheels, with a
gross vehicle mass of 2000 kg or less, a minimum mass in running order of 300 kg and a maximum
design speed of > 32 km/h, designed to transport persons and/or cargo and pull and push equipment
where the operator and at least one passenger are sitting side by side on non-straddle seats
Note 1 to entry: A Side by Side vehicle is steered by a control other than a handlebar and is designed for
recreational or utility purposes and carry no more than 6 occupants.
3.2
brake lever or
handle
hand-operated control which, when activated, causes the brake(s) to be applied
3.3
brake pedal
foot-operated control which, when activated, causes the brake(s) to be applied
3.4
steering system
includes the steering control, the column, the mechanism which links the column to the wheels and any
powered assistance
Note 1 to entry: A steering control is a part directly operated by the operator in order to steer the vehicle.
3.5
engine stop switch
device used to stop engine operation
3.6
transmission control
control for selecting gears, forward, neutral, reverse and overall transmission ranges
3.7
manual fuel shut-off control
manual device designed to turn the fuel flow from the fuel tank on and off
3.8
speed control pedal
vehicle speed control increases or decreases forward or rearward travel speed
3.9
cargo area
rack or other designated area intended by the manufacturer to carry cargo on the SbS
3.10
tongue mass
vertical mass on towing device coupling point
3.11
towing device
device used for the attachment of a trailer or other equipment
3.12
Mass in Running Order
MRO
total mass of an SbS, including a full load of fuel, oil, batteries and coolant, but without any operator,
passenger, accessories, attachments or cargo
3.13
wheelbase
L
longitudinal distance from the centre of the front axle to the centre of the rear axle
3.14
wheel travel
displacement of a reference point on the suspension (such as the wheel axle) from when the suspension
is fully extended (no force applied) to when it is fully compressed
3.15
brake stopping distance
S
distance travelled by a SbS from the start of a brake application to the point which the SbS reaches a
complete stop
3.16
braking deceleration
rate of change of SbS speed from the point of initial brake application to the point where the SbS stops
Note 1 to entry: Mean fully developed deceleration (MFDD) is defined as the average deceleration between
80 % of the vehicle test speed and 10 % of the vehicle test speed.
3.17
manual clutch
device activated by the operator to disengage the engine from the gearbox
3.18
mechanical suspension
system which permits vertical motion of a SbS wheel to the chassis and provides spring and damping
forces
3.19
neutral
designated transmission position where there is no continuity or direct mechanical connection between
transmission input and output
3.20
parking brake
brake system which, after actuation, holds one or more brakes continuously in an applied position using
purely mechanical means without further action
3.21
parking mechanism
drive train system that locks the drive train when the transmission control is placed in a designated
park position
3.22
service brake
main brake system consisting of the control, the transmission and the brake proper whose function is to
progressively reduce the speed of a moving vehicle or to bring it to a halt
3.23
secondary brake
brake system that makes it possible by application of the service brake control to halt the vehicle within
a reasonable distance in the event of failure of the service braking system
3.24
speed limiting device
device intended to limit the maximum speed of a vehicle
3.25
electric powered vehicle
SbS which is equipped with one or more electric traction motor(s) operated solely or in combination
with another power source
3.26
electric starter interlock
device that prevents the SbS engine from being started by electric cranking, or the electric motor from
being energised under certain conditions
3.27
ignition system
system in a spark-ignited internal combustion engine that ignites the mixture by producing a spark
3.28
instructions handbook
publication supplied by the manufacturer as part of the SbS, which provides information and
instruction regarding use, operation, care, and maintenance of the SbS
3.29
accelerator
device that controls the speed of the vehicle
3.30
accessory
SbS manufacturer supplied/approved optional and supplementary part to enhance the use of a SbS
Note 1 to entry: examples are tyre chains, canopy, lights, cab, etc. It does not include attachments.
3.31
attachment
SbS manufacturer supplied/approved components designed primarily to perform a specific task and for
mounting on a vehicle, utilising the vehicle’s power and/or control system
3.32
battery-electric vehicle
electric vehicle in which the power source is a storage battery(s)
3.33
body restraint
hand hold or combination hand hold/hip restraint, anchored securely to the body or seat platform of
the vehicle creating a barrier to help prevent an occupant from sliding out of the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: This does no
...