ASTM C1265-94(1999)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:C1265–94 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Tensile Properties of an Insulating Glass
Edge Seal for Structural Glazing Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1265; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for 4.1 Five specimens are fabricated to duplicate the edge seal
quantitatively measuring the tensile strength, stiffness, and design of an IG unit for structural glazing applications. After
adhesion properties of insulating glass edge seals that are used the secondary structural sealant is cured the specimens are
in structural sealant glazing applications. Edge seals for these tested to failure in tension. Testing is conducted at 23 6 2°C
applicationsuseastructuralsealanttobondbothglasslitesand (74 6 3.6°F) at a rate of 5 6 0.5 mm (0.2 6 0.02 in.) per
the edge spacer into a monolithic sealed insulating glass unit. minute. Strength, load-displacement response, failure mode,
In typical applications, the structural sealant acts to hold the and primary IG edge seal behavior are recorded.
outside lite in place under wind and gravity load and to
5. Significance and Use
maintain the edge spacer in its proper position. Hereafter, the
5.1 Frequently IG units are adhered with a structural sealant
term “insulating glass” will be abbreviated as “IG.”
1.2 The characterization of the IG secondary sealant prop- to a metal framing system. In such applications, only the
inward lite of glass is usually adhered to the frame.As a result,
erties,asdefinedbythistestmethod,arestronglydependenton
glass and edge spacer cleaning procedures, IG spacer profile, a significant portion of any outward-acting or negative wind
load must be carried in tension by the joint seal between the
locationofspacer,and primary IG sealant application.Usersof
this test method must recognize that the IG edge seal assembly two lites of the IG unit. This test will not provide information
on the integrity of the IG unit primary seal; however, it may
influences the secondary sealant properties.
1.3 The values determined by this test method will be providedataonloadsharingbetweentheprimaryIGvaporseal
and the secondary structural sealant.
characteristicoftheparticularedgesealassemblythatistested.
5.2 Although this test method prescribes one environmental
NOTE 1—Presently, only elastomeric, chemically curing silicone seal-
condition, other environmental conditions and exposure cycles
ants specifically formulated for use as the secondary seal of IG units are
can be employed for specific project evaluation. Such devia-
recognized as having the necessary durability for use in structural sealant
tions should be described when reporting the data.
glazing applications.
1.4 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regarded
6. Apparatus and Accessory Materials
asthestandard.Theinch-poundvaluesgiveninparenthesesare
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, capable of producing a tensile
approximate equivalents, provided for information purposes.
load on the specimen at a rate of 5.06 0.5 mm (0.20 6 0.02
in.) per minute.The machine shall be capable of measuring the
2. Referenced Documents
load to 64N(61 lb). See Fig. 1.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary
C 717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
member carrying a grip.
6.1.2 Movable Member—A movable member carrying a
3. Terminology
second grip.
3.1 Definitions—RefertoTerminologyC 717fordefinitions
6.1.3 Grips—The grips should be suitable to firmly grasp
of the following terms used in this test method: adhesive
the test fixture that holds the test specimen and should be
failure, cohesive failure, elastomeric, glazing, lite, primer, seal,
designed to minimize eccentric specimen loading. Specimen
sealant, silicone sealant, structural sealant, substrate.
loading should be perpendicular to both glass substrates. A
swivel or universal joint near one or both ends of the test
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee of C-24 on specimen may be helpful for alignment purposes.
Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.35
6.1.4 Grip Fixture—A fixture capable of being held by the
on Structural Sealants.
grips and furnishing a tensile force to the joint specimen.
Current edition approved April 15, 1994. Published June 1994.
6.2 Spatulas, for use in applying sealant.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C1265–94 (1999)
6.7 Assembly Spacer(s)—Spacer(s) or end blocks, or both,
made from TFE-fluorocarbon or other suitable non-bonding
material are used to maintain the proper specimen dimensions
duringspecimenassembly.Becausedetailsofspecimenstested
bythistestmethodwillvary,itisnotpossibletodefineasingle
spacer or end block shape.
6.8 Glass Substrate Cleaning Materials:
6.8.1 Primary—Materials common to industry practice for
the IG unit being evaluated.
6.8.2 Alternate—Clean, dry, lint-free cloths. A0.1 % solu-
tion of clear hand dishwashing detergent. The solution should
be made up in distilled or deionized water.
6.9 Edge Spacer Cleaning Materials:
6.9.1 Primary—Materials common to industry practice of
the IG unit being evaluated.
6.9.2 Alternate—Clean, dry, lint-free cloths. Isopropyl alco-
hol (99 %).
7. Test Specimen Assembly
7.1 Assembly:
7.1.1 Glass Cleaning Procedure:
7.1.1.1 Prior to assembly, clean the glass using the methods
recommended by the manufacturer of the IG unit being
evaluated.
7.1.1.2 When no manufacturer’s cleaning guidelines are
available, wipe substrates with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth, then
thoroughly clean with a second clean, lint-free cloth and 0.1 %
solutionofaclearhanddishwashingdetergent, asdescribedin
6.8. Rinse the surfaces (without touching them) in distilled or
deionized water and allow to air dry.
7.1.2 Edge Spacer Cleaning Procedure:
7.1.2.1 Prior to assembly, clean the edge spacer using the
methods used by the manufacturer of the IG unit being
evaluated.
7.1.2.2 When no manufacturer’s cleaning guidelines are
available, wipe substrates with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth, then
FIG. 1 Suggested Assembly Method
thoroughly clean with a second clean, lint-free cloth and
diisopropyl alcohol (99 %) and allow to air dry.
7.1.3 Construct the test specimen assemblies by forming a
sealant cavity 50 mm (2.0 in.) long, with a cavity width and
6.3 Caulking Gun, for extruding sealant from cartridges
when applicable. depth as dictated by the joint design being evaluated. (See Fig.
2). Care should be taken to ensure that assembly of the
6.4 Glass Substrates, of the same type(s) as used in the joint
design being evaluated. substrate panels, IG joint spacer, and primary IG joint seal are
representative of the actual joint design.
NOTE 2—This test method is based on glass substrates of 6.3 by 25 by
7.2 Sample Preparation:
76 mm (0.25 by 1.0 by 3.0 in.) in size. Other thicknesses may be tested;
7.2.1 Prepareaminimumoffivespecimensforeachsealant,
however, consideration should be given to preventing breakage or
substrate, and geometry combination being tested, as shown in
excessive bending of the glass during testing.
NOTE 3—The sample tested should reflect the actual IG unit edge Fig. 2.
construction; that is, glass with sensitive coatings should be tested as they
NOTE 4—Five test specimen assemblies should be prepared for each
are used. If a coating is edge-deleted in practice, it should be edge-deleted
additional environmental condition being evaluated.
for the test.
7.2.2 Each specimen in each set should be individually
6.5 Edge Spacer—The spacer should be identical in mate-
identified.
rial, cross section, and surface finish to the spacer to be used in
7.2.3 Fig. 1 shows a suggested approach to assembly of the
the IG edge seal design being evaluated.
twopiecesofglass,theIGedgespacer,andthetwoprimaryIG
6.6 Primary Sealant—This sealant or sealant tape, that is
non-structural, provides a vapor seal for the IG unit. Its
presence and configuration affects the geometry and behavior
Dawn, made by Proctor and Gamble Co., P.O. Box 599, Cincinnati, OH 54201,
of many structural IG edge seal designs; therefore, it should be
and Palmolive Green, made by Colgate Palmolive Co., 300-T Park Avenue, New
included as part of the specimen. York, NY 10022, have been found suitable for this purpose.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C1265–94 (1999)
FIG. 2 Test Specimen
edge seals prior to application of the secondary structural
sealant. Special care must be given to accurate placement of all
assembly components. Also, it is important that the final
configuration(thickness,width,andposition)oftheprimaryIG
edge seal match that seen in the actual joint design being
evaluated. See Appendix X1 for a discussion of assembly
procedures that have been found suitable.
7.2.4 Fill each assembly with the secondary structural
sealant that is to be tested. Immediately tool the sealant surface
to ensure complete filling of the cavity and wetting of the
substrate surfaces. Take special care to strike off the sealant
flush with the glass edges.
7.3 Conditioning:
FIG. 3 Typical Load Versus Elongation Plot
7.3.1 The structural sealant manufacturer’s recommended
curing conditions and time should be followed. In the absence
of specific manufacturer’s recommendations, cure the speci-
mens for 21 days (one part sealants) or seven days (two part
elongation when maximum load is first reached and the highest
sealants) at 23 6 2°C (73 6 4°F) and 50 6 6 % relative
value of elongation achieved at maximum load, if some
humidity. List any deviations in curing conditions in the report.
yielding of the maximum load is evident.
7.3.2 Remove all assembly spacer sections, but not the IG
8.1.4 Record the nature of the failure, whether cohesive or
edge spacer. If assembly spacers are removed prior to the cure
adhesive, or what percentage is cohesive. Fig. 4
time given in 7.3.1, note this in the report.
8.2 Observations:
8. Procedure
8.2.1 If possible, observe and record the elongation causing
failure of the IG primary seal. This may be taken as the
8.1 Testing
8.1.1 Measure and record to the nearest 0.5 mm (0.02 in.) elongation corresponding to the initial load peak due to the
the actual minimum length (dimension L), minimum bond primary IG seal failure if such a peak is evident.
width (dimension W) and minimum IG spacer setback (dimen-
8.2.2 Observe the specimens and record any obvious air
sion S), as shown in Fig. 2.
bubbles trapped in the sealant during the preparation of the test
8.1.2 All specimens are pulled on the tensile test machine at
specimens.
23 6 2°C (73 6 4°F) and 50 6 6 % relative humidity. Test
speed shall be 5 6 0.5 mm (0.2 6 0.02 in.) per minute. The
9. Calculation
orientation of the specimen in the test grips is shown in Fig. 3.
9.1 Calculate the force per unit length or joint (R), in N/mm
8.1.3 Record tensile load, in Newtons (lbs) versus elonga-
(lbs/in.):
tion percent by a continuous plot or at 0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
intervals to an elongation of 10 %. Also record the load at
R 5 T/L
s
elongations of 25, 50, and 100 %. Record the initial load peak
s
at failure of the primary IG seal (see Fig. 3). Record the 5 setback (1)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C1265–94 (1999)
10.1.7 Report mode of failure in percent cohesive failure.
Specimen Name: Date Made:
Structural Sealant: Date Tested:
10.1.8 Ifevident,reporttheloadandelongationattheinitial
Primary Sealant:
load peak due to the primary IG sealant failure.
Glass Type: Curing Conditions:
10.1.9 Report any observations from 8.2.
IG Spacer—Type:
Width, W: Test Conditions:
Setback, S; 11. Precision and Bias
Specimen 1 2 3 4 5
11.1 Test Method for Edge Seal Strength ⁄4 in. (6 mm)
Actual Width, W
Setback, 10 % Elongation at Test Load:
11.1.1 I(r)—The repeatability (within a given laboratory)
Actual Setback, S
interval for 1 material tested by five laboratories is 17.630 psi.
Actual Length, L
In future use of this test method, the difference between two
Test Load 10%
at Various 25% test results obtained in the same laboratory on the same
Elongations: 50%
material will be expected to exceed 17.630 psi only about 5 %
100%
of the time.
Max. Test Load:
11.1.2 I(R)—The reproducibility (between given laborato-
Elongation at Max. Load:
ries) interval for one material tested by five laboratories is
Primary Seal Load:
40.562 psi. In future use of this test method, the difference
Failure,
between two test results obtained in a different laboratory on
Elongation:
the same material will be expected to exceed 40.562 psi only
Sketch of Specimen Cross-Section: Substrate Cleaning Procedure:
about 5 % of the time.
(Include a detailed sketch,
11.2 Test Method for Edge Seal Strength ⁄4 in. (6 mm)
tracing, or ink pad impression of
the spacer cross-section.)
Setback, 25 % Elongation at Test Load:
Observations:
11.2.1 I(r)—The repeatability (within a given laboratory)
interval for one material tested by five laboratories is 23.308
psi. In future use of this test method, the difference between
FIG. 4 Suggested Format for Test Data
two test results obtained in the same laboratory on the same
material will be expected to exceed 23.308 psi only about 5 %
of the time.
where:
T = the applied tensile force and L is the dimension L in
11.2.2 I(R)—The reproducibility (between given laborato-
Fig. 1. ries) interval for one material tested by five laboratories is
9.2 Calculate the nominal elastic stiffness of the joint per
72.665 psi. In future use of this test method, the difference
unit length in N/mm/mm (lbs/in./in.) at the 10 % elongation between two test results obtained in a different laboratory on
level by the approximation (see Fig. 3):
the same material will be expected to exceed 72.665 psi only
about 5 % of the time.
K T
10 % 5 10 %/~0.1*L*W! (2)
11.3 Test Method for Edge Seal St
...