ASTM C1265-94(2005)e1

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:C1265–94 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Tensile Properties of an Insulating Glass
Edge Seal for Structural Glazing Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1265; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in July 2005.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for 3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology C717 for definitions
quantitatively measuring the tensile strength, stiffness, and of the following terms used in this test method: adhesive
adhesion properties of insulating glass edge seals that are used failure, cohesive failure, elastomeric, glazing, lite, primer, seal,
in structural sealant glazing applications. Edge seals for these sealant, silicone sealant, structural sealant, substrate.
applicationsuseastructuralsealanttobondbothglasslitesand
4. Summary of Test Method
the edge spacer into a monolithic sealed insulating glass unit.
In typical applications, the structural sealant acts to hold the 4.1 Five specimens are fabricated to duplicate the edge seal
design of an IG unit for structural glazing applications. After
outside lite in place under wind and gravity load and to
maintain the edge spacer in its proper position. Hereafter, the the secondary structural sealant is cured the specimens are
tested to failure in tension. Testing is conducted at 23 6 2°C
term “insulating glass” will be abbreviated as “IG.”
1.2 The characterization of the IG secondary sealant prop- (74 6 3.6°F) at a rate of 5 6 0.5 mm (0.2 6 0.02 in.) per
minute. Strength, load-displacement response, failure mode,
erties,asdefinedbythistestmethod,arestronglydependenton
glass and edge spacer cleaning procedures, IG spacer profile, and primary IG edge seal behavior are recorded.
locationofspacer,andprimaryIGsealantapplication.Usersof
5. Significance and Use
this test method must recognize that the IG edge seal assembly
5.1 Frequently IG units are adhered with a structural sealant
influences the secondary sealant properties.
to a metal framing system. In such applications, only the
1.3 The values determined by this test method will be
inward lite of glass is usually adhered to the frame.As a result,
characteristicoftheparticularedgesealassemblythatistested.
a significant portion of any outward-acting or negative wind
NOTE 1—Presently, only elastomeric, chemically curing silicone seal-
load must be carried in tension by the joint seal between the
ants specifically formulated for use as the secondary seal of IG units are
two lites of the IG unit. This test will not provide information
recognized as having the necessary durability for use in structural sealant
on the integrity of the IG unit primary seal; however, it may
glazing applications.
providedataonloadsharingbetweentheprimaryIGvaporseal
1.4 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regarded
and the secondary structural sealant.
asthestandard.Theinch-poundvaluesgiveninparenthesesare
5.2 Although this test method prescribes one environmental
approximate equivalents, provided for information purposes.
condition, other environmental conditions and exposure cycles
can be employed for specific project evaluation. Such devia-
2. Referenced Documents
tions should be described when reporting the data.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
6. Apparatus and Accessory Materials
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, capable of producing a tensile
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee of C24 on
load on the specimen at a rate of 5.06 0.5 mm (0.20 6 0.02
Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30
in.) per minute.The machine shall be capable of measuring the
on Adhesion.
load to 64N(61 lb). See Fig. 1.
Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published August 2005. Originally
6.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary
approvedin1994.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin1999asC1265-94(1999).DOI:
10.1520/C1265-94R05E01.
member carrying a grip.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1.2 Movable Member—A movable member carrying a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
second grip.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
´1
C1265–94 (2005)
6.5 Edge Spacer—The spacer should be identical in mate-
rial, cross section, and surface finish to the spacer to be used in
the IG edge seal design being evaluated.
6.6 Primary Sealant—This sealant or sealant tape, that is
non-structural, provides a vapor seal for the IG unit. Its
presence and configuration affects the geometry and behavior
of many structural IG edge seal designs; therefore, it should be
included as part of the specimen.
6.7 Assembly Spacer(s)—Spacer(s) or end blocks, or both,
made from TFE-fluorocarbon or other suitable non-bonding
material are used to maintain the proper specimen dimensions
duringspecimenassembly.Becausedetailsofspecimenstested
bythistestmethodwillvary,itisnotpossibletodefineasingle
spacer or end block shape.
6.8 Glass Substrate Cleaning Materials:
6.8.1 Primary—Materials common to industry practice for
the IG unit being evaluated.
6.8.2 Alternate—Clean, dry, lint-free cloths. A 0.1 % solu-
tion of clear hand dishwashing detergent. The solution should
be made up in distilled or deionized water.
6.9 Edge Spacer Cleaning Materials:
6.9.1 Primary—Materials common to industry practice of
the IG unit being evaluated.
6.9.2 Alternate—Clean, dry, lint-free cloths. Isopropyl alco-
hol (99 %).
7. Test Specimen Assembly
7.1 Assembly:
7.1.1 Glass Cleaning Procedure:
7.1.1.1 Prior to assembly, clean the glass using the methods
recommended by the manufacturer of the IG unit being
evaluated.
7.1.1.2 When no manufacturer’s cleaning guidelines are
available, wipe substrates with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth, then
thoroughly clean with a second clean, lint-free cloth and 0.1 %
solutionofaclearhanddishwashingdetergent, asdescribedin
FIG. 1 Suggested Assembly Method
6.8. Rinse the surfaces (without touching them) in distilled or
deionized water and allow to air dry.
6.1.3 Grips—The grips should be suitable to firmly grasp
7.1.2 Edge Spacer Cleaning Procedure:
the test fixture that holds the test specimen and should be
7.1.2.1 Prior to assembly, clean the edge spacer using the
designed to minimize eccentric specimen loading. Specimen
methods used by the manufacturer of the IG unit being
loading should be perpendicular to both glass substrates. A
evaluated.
swivel or universal joint near one or both ends of the test
7.1.2.2 When no manufacturer’s cleaning guidelines are
specimen may be helpful for alignment purposes.
available, wipe substrates with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth, then
6.1.4 Grip Fixture—A fixture capable of being held by the
thoroughly clean with a second clean, lint-free cloth and
grips and furnishing a tensile force to the joint specimen.
diisopropyl alcohol (99 %) and allow to air dry.
6.2 Spatulas, for use in applying sealant.
7.1.3 Construct the test specimen assemblies by forming a
6.3 Caulking Gun, for extruding sealant from cartridges
sealant cavity 50 mm (2.0 in.) long, with a cavity width and
when applicable.
depth as dictated by the joint design being evaluated. (See Fig.
6.4 Glass Substrates, of the same type(s) as used in the joint
2). Care should be taken to ensure that assembly of the
design being evaluated.
substrate panels, IG joint spacer, and primary IG joint seal are
representative of the actual joint design.
NOTE 2—This test method is based on glass substrates of 6.3 by 25 by
76 mm (0.25 by 1.0 by 3.0 in.) in size. Other thicknesses may be tested;
7.2 Sample Preparation:
however, consideration should be given to preventing breakage or
excessive bending of the glass during testing.
NOTE 3—The sample tested should reflect the actual IG unit edge
construction; that is, glass with sensitive coatings should be tested as they
Dawn, made by Proctor and Gamble Co., P.O. Box 599, Cincinnati, OH 54201,
are used. If a coating is edge-deleted in practice, it should be edge-deleted
and Palmolive Green, made by Colgate Palmolive Co., 300-T Park Avenue, New
for the test. York, NY 10022, have been found suitable for this purpose.
´1
C1265–94 (2005)
FIG. 2 Test Specimen
7.2.1 Prepareaminimumoffivespecimensforeachsealant, 8.1.2 All specimens are pulled on the tensile test machine at
substrate, and geometry combination being tested, as shown in 23 6 2°C (73 6 4°F) and 50 6 6 % relative humidity. Test
Fig. 2. speed shall be 5 6 0.5 mm (0.2 6 0.02 in.) per minute. The
orientation of the specimen in the test grips is shown in Fig. 3.
NOTE 4—Five test specimen assemblies should be prepared for each
8.1.3 Record tensile load, in Newtons (lbs) versus elonga-
additional environmental condition being evaluated.
tion percent by a continuous plot or at 0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
7.2.2 Each specimen in each set should be individually
intervals to an elongation of 10 %. Also record the load at
identified.
elongations of 25, 50, and 100 %. Record the initial load peak
7.2.3 Fig. 1 shows a suggested approach to assembly of the
at failure of the primary IG seal (see Fig. 3). Record the
twopiecesofglass,theIGedgespacer,andthetwoprimaryIG
elongation when maximum load is first reached and the highest
edge seals prior to application of the secondary structural
value of elongation achieved at maximum load, if some
sealant. Special care must be given to accurate placement of all
yielding of the maximum load is evident.
assembly components. Also, it is important that the final
8.1.4 Record the nature of the failure, whether cohesive or
configuration(thickness,width,andposition)oftheprimaryIG
adhesive, or what percentage is cohesive.
edge seal match that seen in the actual joint design being
8.2 Observations:
evaluated. See Appendix X1 for a discussion of assembly
8.2.1 If possible, observe and record the elongation causing
procedures that have been found suitable.
failure of the IG primary seal. This may be taken as the
7.2.4 Fill each assembly with the secondary structural
elongation corresponding to the initial load peak due to the
sealant that is to be tested. Immediately tool the sealant surface
primary IG seal failure if such a peak is evident.
to ensure complete filling of the cavity and wetting of the
8.2.2 Observe the specimens and record any obvious air
substrate surfaces. Take special care to strike off the sealant
bubbles trapped in the sealant during the preparation of the test
flush with the glass edges.
specimens.
7.3 Conditioning:
7.3.1 The structural sealant manufacturer’s recommended
curing conditions and time should be followed. In the absence
of specific manufacturer’s recommendations, cure the speci-
mens for 21 days (one part sealants) or seven days (two part
sealants) at 23 6 2°C (73 6 4°F) and 50 6 6 % relative
humidity. List any deviations in curing conditions in the report.
7.3.2 Remove all assembly spacer sections, but not the IG
edge spacer. If assembly spacers are removed prior to the cure
time given in 7.3.1, note this in the report.
8. Procedure
8.1 Testing
8.1.1 Measure and record to the nearest 0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
the actual minimum length (dimension L), minimum bond
width (dimension W) and minimum IG spacer setback (dimen-
sion S), as shown in Fig. 2. FIG. 3 Typical Load Versus Elongation Plot
´1
C1265–94 (2005)
9. Calculation 10.1.4 Report tensile force per unit length in N/mm (lbs/in.)
at 10, 25, 50, 100 % and at maximum elongation, as calculated
9.1 Calculate the force per unit length or joint (R), in N/mm
in 9.1.
(lbs/in.):
10.1.5 Report percent elongation at maximum tensile load.
Rs 5 T/Ls 5 setback (1)
10.1.6 Report nominal elastic stiffness at 10 % elongation,
as calculated in 9.2.
where:
10.1.7 Report mode of failure in percent cohesive failure.
T = the applied tensile force and L is the dimension L in
10.1.8 Ifevident,reporttheloadandelongationattheinitial
Fig. 2.
load peak due to the primary IG sealant failure.
9.2 Calculate the nominal elastic stiffness of the joint per
10.1.9 Report any observations from 8.2.
unit length in N/mm/mm (lbs/in./in.) at the 10 % elongation
level by the approximation (see Fig. 3):
11. Precision and Bias
K T
10 % 5 10 %/~0.1*L*W! (2) 1
11.1 Test Method for Edge Seal Strength ⁄4 in. (6 mm)
Setback, 10 % Elongation at Test Load:
where:
T 11.1.1 I(r)—The repeatability (within a given laboratory)
10 % = the measured or estimated force at 10 % elonga-
interval for 1 material tested by five laboratories is 17.630 psi.
tion,
In future use of this test method, the difference between two
L = length of bond, and
test results obtained in the same laboratory on the same
W = the width between inside faces of the substrate
material will be expected to exceed 17.630 psi only about 5 %
panels.
of the time.
11.1.2 I(R)—The reproducibility (between given laborato-
10. Report
ries) interval for one material tested by five laboratories is
10.1 Report the following information:
40.562 psi. In future use of this test method, the difference
10.1.1 The test data and observations are to be reported on
between two test results obtained in a different laboratory on
the form shown in Fig. 4 or similar.
the same material will be expected to exceed 40.562 psi only
10.1.2 Provide a scale sketch of the specimen cross section,
about 5 % of the time.
showing details of IG edge spacer and primary seal placement 1
11.2 Test Method for Edge Seal Strength ⁄4 in. (6 mm)
and the setback of the spacer.
Setback, 25 % Elongation at Test Load:
10.1.3 Report the substrate cleaning procedure.Also, report
11.2.1 I(r)—The repeatability (within a given laboratory)
if the spacers were removed prior to the end of the cure period,
interval for one material tested by five laboratories is 23.308
if the curing conditions deviated from those listed, and any
psi. In future use of this test method, the difference between
other deviation from the method.
two test results obtained in the same laboratory on the same
material will be expected to exceed 23.308 psi only about 5 %
of the time.
Specimen Name: Date Made: 11.2.2 I(R)—The reproducibility (between given laborato-
Structural Sealant: Date Tested:
ries)
...