ASTM D3986-07

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Designation: D3986 – 07
Standard Test Method for
Barium in Brines, Seawater, and Brackish Water by Direct-
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Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3986; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 total recoverable barium—recoverable forms of
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved
barium that are determinable by the digestion method which is
and total recoverable barium in brines, seawater, and brackish
included in the procedure.
waters by direct-current argon plasma atomic emission spec-
3.2.2 laboratory control sample, n—a solution with a cer-
troscopy (DCP–AES).
tified concentration of barium.
1.2 This test method has been tested in the range from 10
mg/L to 20 mg/L. Samples shall be diluted to contain concen-
4. Summary of Test Method
trationswithinthecalibrationrange(see11.1and12.5).Higher
4.1 This test method is dependent upon excitation of the
concentrations can also be determined by changing to a less
barium atom by a direct-current plasma source. When the
sensitive emission line.
excited barium atom decays to a lower energy state it emits
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
energy of a wavelength characteristic to the barium atom. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
intensity of this emitted radiation will increase in direct
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
proportion to the concentration of barium in the sample, when
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
working in the linear response range.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Since the variable and often high concentration of
2. Referenced Documents matrix materials in brines, seawater, and brackish water affect
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emission differently, it is a difficult task to prepare standards
2.1 ASTM Standards:
sufficiently similar to the samples. To overcome this problem,
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
the standards are buffered with lithium ion and the samples are
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
diluted and buffered in the same manner. The standards are
D3352 Test Method for Strontium Ion in Brackish Water,
used to construct a calibration curve and the concentration of
Seawater, and Brines
the samples are calculated from this curve. Alternatively, the
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
instrument may be calibrated using a blank and a standard or
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
bracketing standards. The sample concentration can then be
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
read out directly from the instrument.
E1097 Guide for Direct Current Plasma-Atomic Emission
4.3 The 455.4-nm line has been found to be the most
Spectrometry Analysis
satisfactory for analysis.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—The barium lines at 230.4 nm, 233.5 nm, and 553.6 nm have
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
been checked and found to be unsatisfactory for this analysis.
method refer to Terminology D1129.
4.4 Dissolved barium is determined by filtering the sample
through a 0.45-µm pore size membrane filter (Note 2)atthe
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water time of sampling. This definition of “dissolved” barium is
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
arbitrary since very fine crystals of barium sulfate may pass
in Water.
through the membrane filter.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D3986 – 02. DOI:
NOTE 2—These filters have been found to be contaminated to various
10.1520/D3986-07.
degrees with heavy metals depending on the manufacturer. Care should be
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
exercised in selecting a source for these filters. It has been found to be a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
good practice to wash the filters with nitric acid and then reagent water
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
before filtering a sample.
the ASTM website.
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D3986 – 07
4.5 If there are no visible suspended solids in the sample, add 2 mL of nitric acid (sp gr 1.42) and dilute to
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