ASTM D3986-02

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Designation: D 3986 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Barium in Brines, Seawater, and Brackish Water by Direct-
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Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3986; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 total recoverable barium—recoverable forms of
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved
barium that are determinable by the digestion method which is
and total recoverable barium in brines, seawater, and brackish
included in the procedure.
waters by direct-current argon plasma atomic emission spec-
3.2.2 laboratory control sample, n—a solution with a cer-
troscopy (DCP–AES).
tified concentration of barium.
1.2 This test method has been tested in the range from 10
mg/L to 20 mg/L. Samples shall be diluted to contain concen-
4. Summary of Test Method
trationswithinthecalibrationrange(see11.1and12.5).Higher
4.1 This test method is dependent upon excitation of the
concentrations can also be determined by changing to a less
barium atom by a direct-current plasma source. When the
sensitive emission line.
excited barium atom decays to a lower energy state it emits
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
energy of a wavelength characteristic to the barium atom. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
intensity of this emitted radiation will increase in direct
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
proportion to the concentration of barium in the sample, when
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
working in the linear response range.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Since the variable and often high concentration of
2. Referenced Documents matrix materials in brines, seawater, and brackish water affect
emission differently, it is a difficult task to prepare standards
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
sufficiently similar to the samples. To overcome this problem,
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
the standards are buffered with lithium ion and the samples are
D 1192 Specification for Equipment for Sampling Water
2
diluted and buffered in the same manner. The standards are
and Steam in Closed Conduits
2 used to construct a calibration curve and the concentration of
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
the samples are calculated from this curve. Alternatively, the
D 3352 Test Method for Strontium Ion in Brackish Water,
3 instrument may be calibrated using a blank and a standard or
Seawater, and Brines
bracketing standards. The sample concentration can then be
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-
2 read out directly from the instrument.
duits
4.3 The 455.4-nm line has been found to be the most
D 5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
3 satisfactory for analysis.
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
E 1097 Guide for Direct Current Plasma Emission Spec-
NOTE 1—The barium lines at 230.4 nm, 233.5 nm, and 553.6 nm have
4
trometry Analysis
been checked and found to be unsatisfactory for this analysis.
4.4 Dissolved barium is determined by filtering the sample
3. Terminology
through a 0.45-µm pore size membrane filter (Note 2)atthe
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
time of sampling. This definition of “dissolved” barium is
method refer to Terminology D 1129.
arbitrary since very fine crystals of barium sulfate may pass
through the membrane filter.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
NOTE 2—These filters have been found to be contaminated to various
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
degrees with heavy metals depending on the manufacturer. Care should be
in Water.
exercised in selecting a source for these filters. It has been found to be a
Current edition approved May 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originally
good practice to wash the filters with nitric acid and then reagent water
published as D 3986 – 81. Last previous edition D 3986 – 95.
2 before filtering a sample.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
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D 3986 – 02
4.5 If there are no visible suspended solids in the sample, 8.3 Barium Solution, Stock (1g/LBa)—Dissolve1.7787gof
total recoverable barium may be determined on
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