ASTM C867-94(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C867 − 94 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Method for
Soluble Sulfate in Ceramic Whiteware Clays (Photometric
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C867; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 American Chemical Society Document:
Specification for Reagent Chemicals
1.1 This test method covers the determination of soluble
sulfate ions present in water or a filtrate by means of a
3. Apparatus
photometer measuring the turbidity of precipitated barium
3.1 Balance, accurate to 0.0001 g.
sulfate. A method of standardizing the photometer for this test
method is also given. 3.2 High-Speed Mixer.
1.2 Soluble sulfate ions may be removed from clays or 3.3 Filter Press, capable of operating at 690 kPa (100 psi).
clay-water slurries by leaching with water during mixing and
3.4 Glass Beakers, Erlenmeyer Flasks.
subsequent filter pressing.To remove all the sulfate ions would
3.5 Transfer Pipets.
require an impractical number of washings; therefore, this test
method should be considered a control test and not a quanti- 3.6 Spectrophotometer and accessories.
tative analysis for SO ions.
3.7 Measuring Spoon, to hold approximately 0.2 g of BaCl
or THQ Cup.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.8 Other usual laboratory equipment, including timers, etc.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. Reagents
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
used, provided it is first ascertained that the regent is of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
accuracy of the determination.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to water shall be understood to mean Type IV Grade reagent
C324 Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware
water as defined in Specification D1193.
Clays
4.3 Barium Chloride (BaCl ·H O) crystals, 20 to 30 mesh.
2 2
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4.4 Salt-Acid Reagent—However, it can be prepared from:
23.6 mL HCl, 253.0 gm NaCl, 976.4 mL distilled water. This
solution should be stored in an automatic pipettor for accurate
measurement.
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC21onCeramic
Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C21.04 on Raw Materials. Available from American Chemical Society, 1155 16th Street, NW,
Current edition approved May 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally Washington, DC 20036.
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C867 – 94 (2014). ACS Reagent Chemicals, Specifications and Procedures for Reagents and
DOI: 10.1520/C0867-94R22. Standard-Grade Reference Materials, American Chemical Society, Washington,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by theAmerican Chemical
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, U.S. Pharma-
the ASTM website. copeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C867 − 94 (2022)
4.5 Glycerine Reagent—a mixture of equal volumes of c. p. 6.2 A150-gportionofthegrounddriedclayisthenweighed
glycerine and reagent grade water or it may be purchased from to the nearest 0.1 g.
a laboratory supply house. This solution should be stored in an
6.3 Blunge the clay in 350 mLof reagent grade water for 30
automatic pipettor for accurate measurement.
min at high speed using the Hamilton Beach drink mixer.
4.6 Standard Sulfate Solution—a solution of c. p. sodium
6.4 Place a fresh piece of Baroid filter paper in the cylinder
sulfateinreagentgradewaterataconcentrationwhichcontains
of a Baroid Filter Press. Pour the slurry into the cylinder and
exactly 100 ppm of sulfate ion.
tighten the screw on the lid of the cylinder.
6.5 Pressure is applied gradually until 100 psi is obtained.
5. Standardization of Apparatus
Filtrate is caught in an Erlenmeyer flask. To eliminate errors
5.1 It should be noted that the instrument requires about 30
from initial turbidity, the first 5 mL of filtrate is discarded
...