ASTM F2050-19

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2050 − 16 F2050 − 19
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Hand-Held Infant Carriers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2050; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification is intended to mitigate potential safety hazards associated with
a child’s use of a hand-held infant carrier and thereby minimize the risk of injury or death. The specific
hazards addressed by this standard are carrier handle strength to support the occupant, product tip over,
and falls from elevated surfaces.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes performance requirements, test methods, and marking requirements to
promote safe use of a hand-held infant carrier by an occupant and caregiver.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize the risk of incidents to an occupant resulting from normal use
and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of a hand-held infant carrier.
1.3 No hand-held infant carrier produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification, either by label or other
means, shall indicate compliance with this specification, unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.4 This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of other
persons with the child occupant in a hand-held infant carrier or the accidents resulting from abuse and misuse by children able to
walk.
1.5 This consumer safety specification is not intended to address incidents or injuries resulting from use of the product in a
motor vehicle, nor is it intended to address any issues that may arise from the manufacturer meeting the certification requirements
of 49 CFR 571.213 or other applicable add-on child restraint standards.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety specification:
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
F963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
2.2 Federal Regulations:
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations including sections:
This consumer safety performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F15.21 on Infant Carriers, Bouncers and Baby Swings.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016Dec. 15, 2019. Published February 2016January 2020. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20132016
as F2050 – 13a.F2050 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/F2050-16.10.1520/F2050-19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2050 − 19
16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
Under Eight Years of Age
16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended for
Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age
16 CFR 1500.50–51 Test Methods for Simulating Use and Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of Age Which
Present Choking, Aspiration or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts
49 CFR 571.213 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 213
2.3 Other References:
CAMI Infant Dummy, Mark II (see Fig. 1)
CAMI Newborn Dummy (see Fig. 2)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 conspicuous, adj—a label that is visible, when the infant carrier is in a manufacturer’s recommended use position, to a
person standing near the infant carrier at any one position around the infant carrier but not necessarily visible from all positions.
3.1.2 hand-held bassinet/cradle, n—a freestanding product, with a rest/support surface to facilitate sleep (intended to be flat or
up to 10° from horizontal), that sits directly on the floor, without legs or a stand, and has hand-holds or handle(s) intended to allow
carrying an occupant whose torso is completely supported by the product.
3.1.3 hand-held infant carrier, n—a freestanding, rigid-sided or semi-rigid-sided product intended to carry an occupant whose
torso is completely supported by the product to facilitate transportation by a caregiver by means of hand-holds or handles.
3.1.4 hand-held infant carrier seat, n—a hand-held infant carrier having a seat back that is intended to be in a reclined position
(more than 10° from horizontal).
3.1.5 manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), n—any position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptable
configuration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature. This specifically excludes
positions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe or not recommended.
3.1.6 non-paper label, n—any label material, such as plastic or metal, which either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears
leaving a sharply defined edge.
3.1.7 occupant, n—that individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
3.1.8 paper label, n—any label material which tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.
FIG. 1 CAMI Infant Dummy, Mark II
Department of Transportation Memorandum Report AAC-119-74-14, Revision II, Drawing No. SA-1001 by Richard Chandler, July 2, 1974, Federal Aviation
Administration, Civil Aeromedical Institute, Protection and Survival Laboratory, Aeromedical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73125.
Drawing Numbers 126-0000 through 126-0015 (Sheets 1 through 3), 126-0017 through 126-0027, a parts list entitled “Parts List for CAMI Newborn Dummy”, and a
construction manual entitled, “Construction of the Newborn Infant Dummy” (July 1992). Copies of the materials may be inspected at NHTSA’s Docket Section, 400 Seventh
Street, SW, Room 5109, Washington, DC, or at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 700, Washington, DC.
F2050 − 19
FIG. 2 CAMI Newborn Dummy
4. Calibration and Standardization
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor, which may be covered with ⁄8-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring covering,
unless test instructs differently.
4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h 48 h of manufacturing.
4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambient temperature of 73°73 °F 6 9°F (23°9 °F (23 °C 6 5°C)5 °C) for
at least one hour 1 h prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature range.
4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be conducted on the same unit.
5. General Requirements
5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp edges or points as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before and after
testing to this consumer safety specification.
5.2 There shall be no small parts as defined by 16 CFR 1501 before testing or liberated as a result of testing to this specification.
5.3 Product must comply with 16 CFR 1303.
5.4 Wood Parts—Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free from splinters.
5.5 Openings—Holes or slots that exist in the product in any manufacturer’s recommended use position, that are accessible to
the toes and fingers of the occupant, and that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in.
(9.53-mm) thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod, shall also admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots
that are between 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) (9.53 mm)
but are limited in depth to 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) (9.53 mm) maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 3).
5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, Pinching—A product, when in a manufacturer’s recommended use position, shall be designed and
constructed so as to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or components rotate
about a common axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or
pinching that may cause injury shall not be permissible when the edges of any rigid parts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33
mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) in diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.
5.7 Exposed Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring that is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a space
between coils of 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) or greater during testing in any manufacturer’s recommended use position(s) and tested in
accordance with 7.2.2 and 7.2.3 shall be covered or otherwise designed to prevent injury from entrapment.
5.8 Labeling:
5.8.1 Warning Labels, whether paper or non-paper, shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.5.1 – 7.5.3.
5.8.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood burning,
etc., shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.5.4.
5.8.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 7.5.5.
5.9 Toys—Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with an infant carrier, as well as their means of attachment, must
meet applicable requirements of Consumer Safety Specification F963.
F2050 − 19
FIG. 3 Opening Example
5.10 Protective Components—If a child can grasp components between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, such as caps, sleeves
or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or toes or if there is at least a 0.040-in. (1.00-mm)
gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when tested in accordance
with 7.4.
6. Performance Requirements
NOTE 1—The forces that are to be applied to the sample in the tests described in Section 7 of this specification are readily applied by means of a
calibrated force gage.gauge.
6.1 Carry Handle Auto-locking—This requirement applies only to products having a rigid, adjustable carry handle that rotates
about a singular axis and locks in the manufacturer’s designated carry position. The carry handle shall comply with 6.1.1, 6.1.2,
or 6.1.3 when tested in accordance with 7.1.
6.1.1 The carry handle shall move unaided and lock into the manufacturer’s designated carry position or move unaided into a
position that is obvious to the caregiver that the carry handle is not in the manufacturer’s designated carry position. The unaided
movement shall occur within 5 s 5 s of the carry handle being placed into an unlocked position in 7.1.2 and 7.1.4, before attempting
to lift the carrier in 7.1.3. The manufacturer’s designated carry position shall be clearly depicted in the instructional literature. A
position obvious to the caregiver that is not the manufacturer’s designated carry position is defined as any position that is not
suitable for carrying the occupant. For example, the carry handle comes to rest at the position adjacent to the top of the occupants
head.
6.1.2 The carry handle shall lock in the manufacturer’s designated carry position when tested in accordance with 7.1.2 – 7.1.4.
6.1.3 The carry handle shall lock or be prevented from further movement by means of a mechanical stop in a position forward
or rearward of the manufacturer’s designated carry position such that an unrestrained dummy does not fall out of the carrier when
tested in accordance with 7.1.2 – 7.1.4.
F2050 − 19
6.2 Carrying Handle Integrity—All tests of 7.2 are to be performed on the same product, sequentially and without refurbishing
or repositioning of adjustment. The carrier handle shall not break or unlatch on either one or both sides of the carrier when tested
in accordance to 7.2.2 and 7.2.3. This requirement applies only to products having a rigid carry handle that rotates in head-to-foot
and foot-to-head directions, and is capable of being adjusted from the manufacturer’s recommended carry position to any
additional adjustment position.
6.3 Restraint System—A restraint system shall be provided to secure a child in the seated positions in any of the manufacturer’s
recommended use positions except as outlined in 6.3.3.
6.3.1 For infant carriers that are not for use in motor vehicles, the restraint system shall include a waist restraint and crotch
restraint. The crotch restraint’s use shall be mandatory when the waist restraint is in use.
6.3.2 The system and its closing means shall not slip more than 1 in. (25 mm), 1 in. (25 mm), break, separate, or permit the
removal of the test dummy when tested in accordance with 7.6.
6.3.3 Hand held bassinets/cradles that are not for use in motor vehicles shall meet either 6.3.3.1 or 6.3.3.2.
6.3.3.1 Hand-held bassinets/cradles shall not contain a restraint system.
6.3.3.2 Hand-held infant carrier seats that can be converted to a hand-held bassinet/cradle shall not be capable of being
converted to a hand-held bassinet/cradle without the harness first being made inaccessible to the occupant when in the
bassinet/cradle mode.
6.3.3.3 Rationale for 6.3.3—Hand-held bassinets/cradles as defined in 3.1.2 have been added to this standard because
bassinet/cradle products that do not have legs and sit directly on the floor are excluded from the ASTM bassinet/cradle standard.
The restraint system requirements were added to extend the nonallowance of restraints from the bassinet/cradle standard to
hand-held bassinet/cradles, while at the same time allowing restraints for hand-held bassinet/cradle products that also have
adjustment positions to hand-held infant carrier seats as defined in 3.1.4 that have a semi-reclined seating position. The
subcommittee determined that the risk associated with strangulation in products configured for use in a bassinet mode (where the
occupant is horizontal) far exceeded the potential for children falling out of the product during transportation.
6.4 Slip Resistance—An infant carrier shall not slip more than 0.12 in. (3.0 mm) within one minute 0.12 in. (3.0 mm) within
1 min when tested in accordance with 7.3.
7. Test Methods
7.1 Carry Handle Auto-Locking Test:
7.1.1 Without a dummy in the carrier, secure the harness and adjust the soft goods to accommodate an infant weighing 17 lb
17 lb (development stage corresponding to the CAMI infant dummy Mark II) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Adjust
the harness such that it contacts the seating surface along its entire exposed length. Place the CAMI Infant dummy Mark II in the
carrier on top of the buckled harness. Ensure that the dummy is firmly seated in the carrier against the harness with the rump in
the seat bight and body fully seated against the seat back and bottom. Position the hands of the CAMI Infant dummy Mark II in
front of the dummy at the head-to-toe centerline and attach the dummy’s hands together using duct tape or a similar means, such
that the dummy’s arms are prevented from interfering with the carrier soft goods during the test.
NOTE 2—Positioning of the CAMI Infant dummy in the carrier is critical to ensure testing consistency and to eliminate test result variability that might
be associated with the age/stiffness of the dummy. The dummy’s crotch should be pressed back against the buckled harness. The dummy’s taped hands
should rest on its lap. The carrier padding should not prevent the dummy from movement during rotation of the seat during the test.
7.1.2 Starting with the carry handle locked in the manufacturer’s designated carry position, unlock the carry handle, and rotate
the carry handle slightly rearward (toward the occupant’s head end of the carrier) into a position that is as close to the designated
carry position as possible without the carry handle being locked in the designated carry position.
7.1.3 If the carry handle remains in the unlocked position, conduct the test in this section.
7.1.3.1 A test fixture having a vertically sliding, rigidly mounted support (Fig. 4) shall be used to apply the vertical lifting force
in this test. The vertical lifting force shall be applied using a pneumatically powered cylinder. The pneumatic cylinder shall be
capable of producing a gradual lifting speed within the range of 1.51.5 s to 2.0 s over 12 in. (30.5 cm).2.0 s over 12 in. (30.5 cm).
7.1.3.2 The vertical lifting force shall be applied using an 18 6 0.25 in. (46 6 0.6 cm) 18 in. 6 0.25 in. (46 cm 6 0.6 cm) length
of child restraint webbing having a width of 1.5 6 0.06 in. (38 6 1.5 mm) 1.5 in. 6 0.06 in. (38 mm 6 1.5 mm) (Fig. 5). The
fixture shall be fitted with a suitable clamping device that will prevent slippage of the webbing during the lift test. The webbing
length shall allow a 44 in. to 6 in. 6 in. distance between the top of the carrier handle and the clamping device when the webbing
is in contact with the underside of the handle grip surface (Fig. 4).
7.1.3.3 Align the lengthwise centerline of the webbing at the horizontal mid-point of the carrier hand grip. Clamp the ends of
the webbing in the fixture.
7.1.3.4 Raise the sliding support until the webbing contacts the underside of the grip surface and is taut. Apply a vertical force
gradually over 1.51.5 s to 2 s 2 s to lift the carrier 12 in. (30.5 cm) (30.5 cm) from the at rest position. If the carry handle remains
in the unlocked position after completion of lifting process, gradually apply a downward force to the occupant’s feet end of the
carrier at the side-to-side midpoint. The force shall be manually applied and
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