ASTM D3203/D3203M-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Percent Air Voids in Compacted Asphalt Mixtures
Standard Test Method for Percent Air Voids in Compacted Asphalt Mixtures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The percent of air voids in an asphalt mixture is used as one of the criteria in the design methods and for evaluation of the compaction imparted in asphalt paving projects.
Note 1: The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the percent air voids in compacted asphalt mixtures.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D3203/D3203M − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Percent Air Voids in Compacted Asphalt Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3203/D3203M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Automatic
Vacuum Sealing Method
1.1 This test method covers determination of the percent air
D6857 Test Method for Maximum Specific Gravity and
voids in compacted asphalt mixtures.
Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures UsingAutomatic
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
Vacuum Sealing Method
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 air voids—the pockets of air between the bitumen-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
coated aggregate particles in a compacted asphalt mixture.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 dense asphalt mixtures—asphalt mixtures in which the
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
air voids are less than 10 % when compacted.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.3 open asphalt mixtures—asphalt mixtures in which the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
air voids are 10 % or more when compacted.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.3.1 Discussion—For borderline cases, an asphalt mix-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ture shall be designated an open asphalt mixture if the
calculated percent air voids, based on either 6.1 or 6.2,is10%
2. Referenced Documents
or more.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1188 TestMethodforBulkSpecificGravityandDensityof 4. Significance and Use
Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Coated Samples
4.1 The percent of air voids in an asphalt mixture is used as
D2041 Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific
one of the criteria in the design methods and for evaluation of
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
the compaction imparted in asphalt paving projects.
D2726 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
of Non-Absorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
NOTE 1—The text of this test method references notes and footnotes
D3549 Test Method for Thickness or Height of Compacted
which provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes (excluding
Bituminous Paving Mixture Specimens those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the
test method.
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
NOTE 2—The quality of the results produced by this standard are
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure
D4460 Practice for Calculating Precision Limits Where
and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used.
Values are Calculated from Other Test Methods
Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally
D6752 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/
inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with
Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results.
1 Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on
means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
Specific Gravity and Density of Asphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published April 2017. Originally
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3203/D3203M – 11.
5. Sampling
DOI: 10.1520/D3203_D3203M-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 Samples for testing shall consist of specimens from
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
laboratory-molded mixtures or cores from field-compacted
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. mixtures.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D3203/D3203M − 17
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3203/D3203M − 11 D3203/D3203M − 17
Standard Test Method for
Percent Air Voids in Compacted Dense and Open
1
Bituminous Paving Asphalt Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3203/D3203M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the percent air voids in compacted dense and open bituminous paving asphalt
mixtures.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1188 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Coated Samples
D2041 Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D2726 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Non-Absorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
D3549 Test Method for Thickness or Height of Compacted Bituminous Paving Mixture Specimens
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D4460 Practice for Calculating Precision Limits Where Values are Calculated from Other Test Methods
D6752 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum
Sealing Method
D6857 Test Method for Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum
Sealing Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 air voids—the pockets of air between the bitumen-coated aggregate particles in a compacted bituminous paving asphalt
mixture.
3.1.2 dense bituminous paving asphalt mixtures—bituminous paving asphalt mixtures in which the air voids are less than 10 %
when compacted.
3.1.3 open bituminous paving asphalt mixtures—bituminous paving asphalt mixtures in which the air voids are 10 % or more
when compacted.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on Specific
Gravity and Density of BituminousAsphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011April 1, 2017. Published December 2011April 2017. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
D3203 – 05.D3203/D3203M – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D3203_D3203M-11.10.1520/D3203_D3203M-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3203/D3203M − 17
For borderline cases, a bituminous paving an asphalt mixture shall be designated an open bituminous paving asphalt mixture if the
calculated percent air voids, based on either 6.1 or 6.2, is 10 % or more.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The percent of air voids in a bituminousan asphalt mixture is used as one of the criteria in the design methods and for
evaluation of the compaction imparted in bituminousasphalt paving projects.
NOTE 1—The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those
in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.
NOTE 2—The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the
capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the
...
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