ASTM F2803-09

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: F2803 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Evaluating Rim Slip Performance of Tires and Wheels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2803; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 candidate tire, n—test tire that is part of a test
program. F538
1.1 This test method is performed to determine the amount
of rotational slip occurring at the tire/wheel interface while 3.1.3 control tire, n—reference tire used in a specified
under heavy longitudinal load conditions. manner throughout a test program. F538
3.1.4 deflection, n—difference between the unloaded and
1.2 This test method is suitable for research and develop-
ment purposes where tires are compared during a single series loaded section heights. SAE J2013
of tests. They may not be suitable for regulatory statutes or
3.1.5 drawbar, n—device for coupling a hauling vehicle to a
specification acceptance because the values obtained may not
load.
necessarily agree or correlate either in rank order or absolute
3.1.6 dynamometer, n—machine used to measure torque and
performance level with those obtained under other environ-
rotational speed (rpm) from which power produced by an
mental conditions on other surfaces or the same surface after
engine, motor or other rotating prime mover can be calculated.
additional use.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—For the purpose of this test method, a
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
dynamometer can be any vehicle or trailer that can be towed
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
and produce longitudinal resistance.
only.
3.1.7 longitudinal force, n—of a tire, the component of the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tire force vector in the X direction. F538
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.8 longitudinal slip velocity [L/T], n—effective rolling
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
radius multiplied by the difference between the spin velocity
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
(in rad/unit time) of a driven or braked tire and that of a free
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
rolling tire when each is traveling in a straight line. F538
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.9 maximum load rating [M], n—of a passenger tire, the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
load rating at the maximum permissible cold inflation pressure
F538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Per-
for that tire. F538
formance of Tires
3.1.10 paved road, n—two or more lanes, all weather,
2.2 SAE Standards:
maintained, hard surface roads with good driving visibility
SAE J2013 Military Tire Glossary
used for heavy and high-density traffic, in accordance with the
SAE J670e Vehicle Dynamics Terminology
U.S. Federal Highway Administration. F538
3. Terminology
3.1.11 rim, n—specially shaped circular periphery to which
a tire may be mounted with appropriate bead fitment. F538
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 bead, n—of a tire, the part of a tire that comes in
3.1.12 rim slip, n—circumferential distance along the rim
contact with the rim and is shaped to secure the tire to the rim.
flange between the corresponding marks.
F538
3.1.13 section height, n—radial height of a tire section,
expressed as one half the difference between the outside
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires
diameteroftheunloadedtireandthenominalrim diameter; the
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.20 on Vehicular Testing.
outside diameter is measured on a tire-wheel assembly with the
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. DOI:
10.1520/F2803-09.
tire inflated to rated inflation pressure. F538
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.1.14 sidewall, n—of a tire, that portion of a tire between
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the tread and the bead. F538
the ASTM website.
3 3.1.15 test, n—technical procedure performed on an object
Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,
PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org. (or set of objects) using specified equipment, that produces
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2803 − 09
data,whichareusedtoevaluateormodelselectedpropertiesor 8. Reagents and Materials
characteristics of the object (or set of objects). F538
8.1 This test method requires a paint pen or equivalent
3.1.16 test tire, n—tire used in a test. F538
device capable of marking tires and rim surfaces.
3.1.17 torque [FL], n—of a wheel, the external torque
9. Hazards
applied to a tire from a vehicle about the wheel spin axis. F538
9.1 The towing vehicle shall be secured with a load cell and
3.1.18 tractive effort, n—total force output of the traction
a cable/drawbar that is suitable to provide safety for testing
device acting parallel to the surface of the ground and in the
personnel.
direction of travel of a driving wheel.
3.1.18.1 Discussion—Tractive effort is expressed as a ratio
10. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units
of load to vehicle weight. SAE J2013
10.1 The speed and drawbar load data shall be acquired at a
4. Summary of Test Method
minimum of 10 Hz. The speed data shall be accurate to 61
4.1 This test method is used to quantify the amount a driven km/h (0.6 mph). The drawbar load cell shall be accurate to
tire rotates relative to a rim under severe conditions. This within 2 % for the maximum reading.
method is designed to produce the greatest amount of rim slip
10.2 Priortotesting,thetiresandwheelsshallbemarkedon
in the shortest amount of time using a test vehicle that is
the side facing away from the test vehicle. Two lines shall be
capable of 60 % tractive effort. The 60 % tractive effort is a
made at the valve stem with a paint pen or suitable marker,
target from military requirements but can be adjusted to fit a
across the tire bead and rim a minimum of 6 cm (2.5 in.) on
commercial application. This test method can be modified to
each surface. A similar single mark shall be made 180 radial
accommodatedifferentobjectivesincludinglongerdistancesor
degreesonthesamefaceofthetire.RefertoFig.1forexample
various drawbar loads. Test tire results are compared to a
tire and rim markings.
control tire to evaluate the relative change in performance and
10.3 All units in this test method are listed in SI units; the
to negate affects from environmental conditions.
results of testing may be presented in the units chosen by test
5. Significance and Use
personnel.
5.1 This test method establishes a standard procedure of
11. Preparation of Apparatus
comparative testing, for driven wheel rim slip, between candi-
11.1 The test vehicle shall be loaded so that each wheel
date tire group(s) and a control tire group. This test method is
suitable for research and development purposes where tire and position shall be within 5 % of the maximum load rating for
each test tire at a minimum of two wheel positions.
rim specimens are compared during a brief testing time period.
They may not be suitable for regulatory or specification
11.2 The test vehicle shall be driven at an operating speed
acceptance purposes because the values obtained may not
less than 40 km/h (25 mph) for a minimum of 5 min to warm
necessarily agree or correlate, either in rank order or absolute
up the drive train components.
value,withthoseobtainedunderotherconditions(forexample,
11.3 After warm up, the test vehicle shall be attached to the
different locations or different seasonal time periods on the
dynamometer to begin test.
same test course).
6. Interferences
6.1 The absolute values of the parameters obtained with this
test method are dependent upon the characteristics of the
vehicle, the selected test
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