ASTM D130-19

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
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of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D130 − 18 D130 − 19 Federation of Societies for
Paint Technology Standard No. Dt-28-65
British Standard 4351
Standard Test Method for
Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by
Copper Strip Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D130; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corrosiveness to copper of aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel,
automotive gasoline, cleaners (Stoddard) solvent, kerosine, diesel fuel, distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil, and natural gasoline or
other hydrocarbons having a vapor pressure no greater than 124 kPa (18 psi) at 37.8 °C. (Warning—Some products, particularly
natural gasoline, may have a much higher vapor pressure than would normally be characteristic of automotive or aviation
gasolines. For this reason, exercise extreme caution to ensure that the pressure vessel used in this test method and containing
natural gasoline or other products of high vapor pressure is not placed in the 100 °C (212 °F) bath. Samples having vapor pressures
in excess of 124 kPa (18 psi) may develop sufficient pressures at 100 °C to rupture the pressure vessel. For any sample having a
vapor pressure above 124 kPa (18 psi), use Test Method D1838.)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 1.1, 7.1, and Annex A2.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018May 1, 2019. Published April 2018June 2019. Originally approved in 1922, replacing former D89. Last previous edition approved
in 20122018 as D130 – 12.D130 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D0130-18.10.1520/D0130-19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD0130. Names of suppliers in the United Kingdom can be obtained from Energy Institute,
61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K. Two master standards are held by the IP for reference.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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3. Terminology
3.1 Acronyms:
3.1.1 CAMI—Coated Abrasives Manufacturers Institute
3.1.2 FEPA—Federation of European Producers Association
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A polished copper strip is immersed in a specific volume of the sample being tested and heated under conditions of
temperature and time that are specific to the class of material being tested. At the end of the heating period, the copper strip is
removed, washed and the color and tarnish level assessed against the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds, most of which are removed during refining. However, of the sulfur compounds
remaining in the petroleum product, some can have a corroding action on various metals and this corrosivity is not necessarily
related directly to the total sulfur content. The effect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfur compounds present. The
copper strip corrosion test is designed to assess the relative degree of corrosivity of a petroleum product.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Copper Strip Corrosion Pressure Vessel, constructed from stainless steel according to the dimensions as given in Fig. 1. The
vessel shall be capable of withstanding a test pressure of 700 kPa gage (100 psi). Alternative designs for the vessel’s cap and
synthetic rubber gasket may be used provided that the internal dimensions of the vessel are the same as those shown in Fig. 1. The
internal dimensions of the pressure vessel are such that a nominal 25 mm by 150 mm test tube can be placed inside the pressure
vessel.
6.2 Test Tubes, of borosilicate glass of nominal 25 mm by 150 mm dimensions. The internal dimensions shall be checked as
acceptable by use of a copper strip (see 7.3). When 30 mL of liquid is added to the test tube with the copper strip in it, a minimum
of 5 mm of liquid shall be above the top surface of the strip.
6.3 Test Baths:
6.3.1 General—All test baths shall be able to maintain the test temperature to within 61 °C (2 °F) of the required test
temperature.
6.3.2 Liquid Bath Used for Submerging Pressure Vessel(s)—The bath shall be deep enough to submerge one or more pressure
vessels (see 6.1) completely during the test. As the bath medium, use water or any liquid that can be satisfactorily controlled to
the sample test temperature. The bath shall be fitted with suitable supports to hold each pressure vessel in a vertical position when
submerged.
6.3.3 Bath(s) Used for Test Tubes—Liquid baths shall be fitted with suitable supports to hold each test tube (see 6.2) in a vertical
position to a depth of about 100 mm (4 in.) as measured from the bottom of the test tube to the bath surface. As a liquid bath
medium, water and oil have been found satisfactory and controllable at the specified test temperature. Solid block baths shall meet
the same temperature control and immersion conditions and shall be checked for temperature measurement (heat transfer) for each
product class by running tests on tubes filled with 30 mL of product plus a metal strip of the nominal dimensions given, plus a
temperature sensor.
6.4 Temperature Sensing Device (TSD), capable of monitoring the desired test temperature in the bath to within an accuracy of
61 °C or better. The ASTM 12C (12F) (see Specification E1) or IP 64C (64F) total immersion thermometers have been found
suitable to use in the test. If used, no more than 10 mm (0.4 in.) of the mercury should extend above the surface of the bath at the
test temperature.
6.5 Polishing Vise, for holding the copper strip firmly without marring the edges while polishing. Any convenient type of holder
(see Appendix X1) may be used provided that the strip is held tightly and that the surface of the strip being polished is supported
above the surface of the holder.
6.6 Viewing Test Tubes, flat glass test tubes, are convenient for protecting corroded copper strips for close inspection or storage
(see Appendix X1 for the description of a flat-glass viewing tube). The viewing test tube shall be of such dimensions as to allow
the introduction of a copper strip (see 7.3) and made of glass free of striae or similar defects.
6.7 Forceps, with either stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tips, for use in handling the copper strips, have been
found suitable to use.
6.8 Timing Device, electronic or manual, capable of accurately measuring the test duration within the allowable tolerance.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Wash Solvent—Any volatile, less than 5 mg ⁄kg sulfur hydrocarbon solvent may be used provided that it shows no tarnish
at all when tested for 3 h at 50 °C (122 °F). 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane) of minimum 99.75 % purity is the referee solvent
and should be used in case of dispute. (Warning—extremely flammable, see A2.1.)
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Key:
1 Lifting eye
2 Wide groove for pressure relief
3 Knurled cap
4 Twelve threads per inch NF thread or equivalent
5 Camber inside cap to protect “O” ring when closing pressure vessel
6 Synthetic rubber “O” ring without free sulfur
7 Seamless tube
Material: stainless steel
Welded construction
Maximum test gage pressure: 700 kPa
NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.
NOTE 2—All dimensions without tolerance limits are nominal values.
FIG. 1 Pressure Vessel for Copper Strip Corrosion Test
7.2 Surface Preparation/Polishing Materials, 00 grade or finer steel wool or silicon carbide grit paper or cloth of varying
degrees of fineness including 65 μm grade (220 grit CAMI-grade or P220 FEPA-grade); also a supply of 105 μm (120 grit to
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150 grit CAMI-grade or P120 to P150 FEPA-grade) size silicon carbide grain or powder and absorbent cotton (cotton wool). A
commercial grade is suitable, but pharmaceutical grade is most commonly available and is acceptable.
1 1 1
7.3 Copper Strips Specification—Use strips that are 12.5 mm 6 2 mm ( ⁄2 in.) wide, 1.5 mm to 3.2 mm ( ⁄16 in. to ⁄8 in.) thick,
and cut 75 mm 6 5 mm (3 in.) long from smooth-surfaced, hard-temper, cold-finished copper of 99.9 + % purity; electrical bus
bar stock is generally suitable (see Annex A1). The strips may be used repeatedly but shall be discarded when the strip’s surface
shows pitting or deep scratches that cannot be removed by the specified polishing procedure, or when the surface becomes
deformed, or the dimensions for the copper strip fall outside the specified limits.
7.4 Ashless Filter Paper or Disposable Gloves, for use in protecting the copper strip from coming in contact with the individual
during final polishing.
8. ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards
8.1 These consist of reproductions in color of typical test strips representing increasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion, the
reproductions being encased for protection in plastic and made up in the form of a plaque.
8.1.1 Keep the plastic-encased ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards protected from light to avoid the possibility of fading.
Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques, one of which has been carefully protected from light (for example, new
plaque). Observe both sets in diffused daylight (or equivalent) first from a point directly above and then from an angle of 45°. If
any evidence of fading is observed, particularly at the left-hand end of the plaque, it is suggested that the one that is the more faded
with respect to the other be discarded.
8.1.1.1 Alternatively, place a suitably sized opaque strip (for example, 20 mm ( ⁄4 in.) black electrical tape) across the top of the
colored portion of the plaque when initially purchased. At intervals remove the opaque strip and observe. When there is any
evidence of fading of the exposed portion, the standards shall be replaced.
8.1.1.2 These plaques are full-color reproductions of typical strips. They have been printed on photo lithographed strips encased
in plastic and made up in the form of a plaque for protection. Directions for their use are given on the reverse side of each plaque.
8.1.2 If the surface of the plastic cover shows excessive scratching, it is suggested that the plaque be replaced.
9. Samples
9.1 In accordance with D4057 or D4177, or both, it is particularly important that all types of fuel samples, that pass a
low-tarnish strip classification, be collected in clean, dark glass bottles, plastic bottles, or other suitable containers that will not
affect the corrosive properties of the fuel. Avoid the use of tin plate containers for collection of samples, since experience has
shown that they may contribute to the corrosiveness of the sample.
9.2 Fill the containers as completely as possible and close them immediately after taking the sample. Adequate headspace in
the container is necessary to provide room for possible thermal expansion during transport. It is recommended that volatile samples
be filled between 70 % and 80 % of the container’s capacity. Take care during sampling to protect the samples from exposure to
direct sunlight or even diffused daylight. Carry out the test as soon as possible after receipt in the laboratory and immediately after
opening the container.
9.3 If suspended water (that is, haze) is observed in the sample, dry by filtering a sufficient volume of sample through a medium
rapid qualitative filter, into the prescribed clean, dry test tube. Carry out this operation in a darkened room or under a light-protected
shield.
9.3.1 Contact of the copper strip with water before, during or after completion of the test run will cause staining, making it
difficult to evaluate the strips.
10. Preparation of Test Strips
10.1 Surface Preparation—Remove all surface blemishes from all six sides of the strip obtained from a previous analysis (see
Note 1). One way to accomplish this is to use 00 grade or finer steel wool or silicon carbide paper or cloth of such degrees of
fineness as are needed to accomplish the desired results efficiently. Finish with 65 μm (220 grit CAMI-grade or P220 FEPA-grade)
silicon carbide paper or cloth, removing all marks that may have been made by other grades of paper used previously. Ensure the
prepared copper strip is protected from oxidation prior to final preparation, such as by immersing the strip in wash solvent from
which it can be withdrawn immediately for final preparation (polishing) or in which it can be stored for future use.
NOTE 1—Only final preparation (10.2) is necessary for commercially purchased pre-polished strips, although if gasoline samples are being analyzed,
pre-polished strips may be used “as is” (that is, without going through the final polishing procedure), based on the results of a 2008 interlaboratory study
versus manually prepared copper strips. No statistical evaluation involving pre-polished copper strips has been performed using sample types other than
gasoline at this time. See Section 14 for more details.
10.1.1 As a practical manual procedure for surface preparation, place a sheet of silicon carbide paper or cloth on a flat surface
and moisten it with kerosine or wash solvent. Rub the strip against the silicon carbide paper or cloth with a circular motion,
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1703. Contact ASTM Customer
Service at service@astm.org.
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protecting the strip from contact with the fingers by using ashless filter paper or wearing disposable gloves. Alternatively, the
surface of the strip can be prepared by use of motor-driven machines using appropriate grades of dry paper or cloth.
10.2 Final Preparation—For strips prepared in 10.1 or new strips being used for the first time, remove a strip from its protected
location, such as by removing it from the wash solvent. To prevent possible surface contamination during final preparation, do not
allow fingers to come in direct contact with the copper strips, such as by wearing disposable gloves or holding the strips in the
fingers protected with ashless filter paper. Polish first the ends and then the sides with the 105 μm (120 grit to 150 grit CAMI-grade
or P120 to P150 FEPA-grade) silicon carbide grains picked up with a pad of cotton (cotton wool) moistened with wash solvent.
Wipe vigorously with fresh pads of cotton (cotton wool) and subsequently handle without touching the surface of the strip with
the fingers. Forceps have been found suitable to use. Clamp in a vise and polish the main surfaces with silicon-carbide grains on
absorbent cotton. Do not polish in a circular motion. Rub in the direction of the long axis of the strip, carrying the stroke beyond
the end of the strip before reversing the direction. Clean all metal dust from the strip by rubbing vigorously with clean pads of
absorbent cotton until a fresh pad remains unsoiled. When t
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