ASTM D1234-85(1995)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 1234 – 85 (Reapproved 1995)
Standard Test Method of
Sampling and Testing Staple Length of Grease Wool
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1234; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope disturbing the crimp of the fibers.
3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,
1.1 This test method covers procedures for sampling and
refer to Terminology D 123.
measuring the unstretched staple length, and variability in
length, of grease or pulled wool staples. The test method is also
4. Summary of Test Method
applicable to mohair and other animal fibers in staple form. The
4.1 By hand or by means of a sampling tool, staples
procedure is not recommended for individual fibers or groups
(subsampling units) are withdrawn from randomly selected
of straightened fibers.
sampling units (bags, bales, or packages) from a lot of wool or
NOTE 1—The determination of fiber length in wool top is covered in
other animal fibers. The unstretched lengths of the staples are
Test Method D 519, the determination of fiber length of wool is covered
measured and the average staple length, standard deviation,
in Test Method D 1575.
and coefficient of variation calculated.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
5. Significance and Use
as the standard. The values stated in SI units are provided for
information purposes only.
5.1 The testing procedure in this test method for the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety
determination of staple length is considered satisfactory for
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
acceptance testing of commercial shipments of grease wool
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
since the method has been used in the trade for acceptance
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
testing.
limitations prior to use.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
reported test results when using this test method for acceptance
2. Referenced Documents
testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the sup-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statis-
D 519 Test Method for Length of Fiber in Wool Top
tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.
D 1575 Test Method for Fiber Length of Wool in Scoured
As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
Wool and Card Sliver
specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are
D 4271 Practice for Writing Statements on Sampling in Test
from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
Methods for Textiles
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers
to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two
3. Terminology
laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for
3.1 Definitions:
unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the
3.1.1 grease wool, n—wool taken from the living sheep and
two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either
which has not been commercially scoured.
its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the
3.1.2 staple, n—in grease wool, a tuft or lock of fibers
supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of
which naturally cling together, as found in a fleece.
the known bias.
3.1.3 staple length, n—in grease wool, the length of a staple
5.2 The test method is used for the determination of the
obtained by measuring the natural staple without stretching or
average unstretched staple length and the staple length distri-
bution of a lot of wool in order to assign length classes when
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on Textiles determining the conformance of lots and shipments to length
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Wool Felt.
specifications.
Current edition approved Oct. 21, 1985. Published December 1985. Originally
5.3 In this test method, the size of a lot covered by the test
published as D 1234 – 52 T. Last previous edition D 1234 – 80.
Further information covering the procedures and techniques described in this procedure is limited to not more than 200 packages per test.
method appears in D. D. Johnston, H. Dean Ray, W. J. Manning, and E. M. Pohle,
Any shipment exceeding the above limits is divided into lots
“Relationships of Staple Length in Grease Wool and Resultant Top,” Textile
within the prescribed limits.
Research Journal, Vol 21, October 1951, pp. 757–762.
5.4 The nature of the sampling procedure is such that grease
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1234
1 3 1 3 1 3 1 5
in. ⁄8 ⁄16 ⁄4 ⁄8 ⁄2 3 ⁄8 4 4 ⁄2 4 ⁄8 24
mm 3.0 5.0 6.0 10.0 13.0 86.0 102.0 114.0 118.0 610.0
FIG. 1 Wool Staple Sampling Tool
wool staples as originally drawn from the wool of the lot 7.3 Test Specimens—From each package in the laboratory
require only a slight amount of preparation before measure- sample, take ten staples, with five staples being taken at equally
ment. The bulk and laboratory samples are synonymous in this spaced intervals from each of two opposite sides of the
method. package. Each staple should be about 0.25 in. (5 mm) in
5.5 Compression of wool in the bale makes it difficult to diameter. If larger, reduce the staple to the correct size by
penetrate the interior of the bale with the sampling tool. gently withdrawing the excess fibers from one side of the
However, staples can be drawn from the surface of the bale staple. Take the staples as follows:
with the sampling tool or by hand. 7.3.1 Sampling by Tool:
5.6 Practice D 4271 contains information on how to write a 7.3.1.1 Depth of Draw—Gage the depth for inserting the
section on sampling in test methods. sampling tool so that different levels of the package are
sampled. For example, draw the first specimen from the center
NOTE 2—An extensive discussion of grease wool staple sampling can
5 of the package, the next about two thirds of the distance from
be found in the literature.
the outside to the center, and the third specimen about one third
6. Apparatus
the distance from the outside to the center. Repeat this order at
random locations along each side of the bag for drawing each
6.1 Sampling Tool—A spear-shaped tool with a hook or
successive test specimen.
barb at one end for use in extracting a small quantity of wool
7.3.1.2 Taking a Draw—Insert the point of the tool th
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