25.040 - Industrial automation systems
ICS 25.040 Details
Industrial automation systems
Industrielle Automatisierungssysteme
Systemes d'automatisation industrielle
Sistemi za avtomatizacijo v industriji
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 25.040 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Industrial automation systems". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 3476 standards classified under ICS 25.040 (Industrial automation systems). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This part of EN 61326 is a product family standard specifying requirements for immunity and emissions regarding electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) for electrical equipment, operating from a supply or battery of less than 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC or from the circuit being measured. Equipment intended for professional, industrial-process, industrial-manufacturing and educational use is covered by this part. It includes equipment and computing devices for - measurement and test; - control; - LABORATORY use; - accessories intended for use with the above (such as sample handling equipment), intended to be used in industrial and non-industrial locations.
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IEC 62264-2:2026 specifies interface content exchanged between manufacturing control functions and other enterprise functions as interrelated information models. The information models are represented as an interrelated collection of conceptual object models which can be used for the implementation of applications with logical data and physical data models. The data exchanges in interfaces are scoped as between Level 3 manufacturing operations and Level 4 business systems in the hierarchical model defined in IEC 62264-1. The purpose of this document is to reduce the risk, cost, and errors associated with interface implementation. Since this document covers many manufacturing operations and enterprise domains and there are many different standards for those domains, the semantics of this data exchange standard are described at a conceptual level intended to enable the other standards to be mapped to these semantics. To this end, this document defines a set of elements contained in the generic interface, together with a mechanism for extending the interface content for implementations. The scope is limited to the definition of object models and attributes of the exchanged information defined in the IEC 62264-1. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2013. It is published as a double logo standard. This edition constitutes a technical revision. Due to the extent of the changes and updates, this document cannot ensure backward compatibility to implementations based on older editions. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition and ANSI/ISA 95.00.02-2018 (ED3): a) object models are added for the use of interactive communications to notify subscribers about the occurrence of events and to provide context information about the event, making the information exchange more efficient and consistent. The added object models were the operations event model and operations record model. b) operations location model and spatial definition attribute added to allow the description of operation locations. c) operations test model added to define how test specifications and test results are related to testable objects, operations test requirements, actual resource, and work definitions. d) definition of possible measurement uncertainty sub-attributes for all value, quantity and duration attributes defined in this document. e) updated hierarchy scope model. f) removed as separate models in this edition were the models for product definition, production schedule, production performance, and production capability. Their content is covered for all manufacturing operations management categories under operations models. g) object model was added for the operations segment capability as a collection of resources related to other operations models. h) updated relationship name and role name conventions established in 3.3.4 and implemented across all models and associated tables. i) updated all objects’ relationship role table with explicit source and target names. j) updated common header attributes for objects and property objects established in 4.5 and implemented across all models and associated tables. k) updated explanation of the ‘relationships between resource reference objects in operations management information models and resource models. These additional resource relationships are added to all operations management models. l) added an annex explanation for implementation options for specifying values in unit of measurement a
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IEC 62541-9:2026 specifies the representation of Alarms and Conditions in the OPC Unified Architecture. Included is the Information Model representation of Alarms and Conditions in the OPC UA address space. Other aspects of alarm systems like alarm philosophy, life cycle, alarm response times, alarm types and many other details are captured in standards such as IEC 62682 and ISA 18.2. The Alarms and Conditions Information Model in this document, is designed in accordance with IEC 62682 and ISA 18.2. Annex C specifies a recommended mapping between OPC Classic Alarm & Events (A&E) servers to the model described in this document. Annex A describes recommended localized names for Alarm states. Annex B describes examples (e.g. Event sequences, Alarm areas in AddressSpace). This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of "Comment" parameter to Alarm shelving methods;
b) addition of method that allows a client to get the members of a group, since it is possible that the AddressSpace does not expose instances of alarms;
c) addition of deadband properties for all limits in the limit AlarmType (from which all other types described in this issue are derived);
d) addition of text explaining the disabling of alarms is no longer supported in ISA 18.2 and that it is maintained in this document for backward compatibility, but that it is recommended that Alarm not be disabled;
e) addition of optional severities for limit alarms;
f) addition of new AlarmState variable type that can be used to collect alarm information for displays on graphics;
g) addition of SupportsFilterRetain property to improve Client filtering;
h) removal of ConditionSubClassId and ConditionSubClassNames from the conditiontype definition since they are now defined in BaseEventType.
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This part of IEC 62541 is part of the overall OPC Unified Architecture specification series and defines the information model associated with Aggregates.
Programmatically produced aggregate examples are listed in Annex A.
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IEC 62541-1:2025 presents the concepts and overview of the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA). Reading this document is helpful to understand the remaining parts of the IEC 62541 series. Each of the other parts is briefly explained along with a suggested reading order. This first edition cancels and replaces IEC TR 62541-1 published in 2020
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IEC 62541-21:2026 defines the life cycle of Devices and Composites and mechanisms to verify their authenticity, set up their security and maintain their configuration.
The NodeIds of all Nodes described in this standard are only symbolic names. Annex A defines the NamespaceUri for all NodeIds and the actual NodeIds.
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IEC 62541-19: 2025 defines an Information Model of the OPC Unified Architecture. The Information Model describes the basic infrastructure to reference from an OPC UA Information Model to external dictionaries like IEC Common Data Dictionary or ECLASS.
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IEC 62541-7: 2025 specifies value and structure of Profiles in the OPC Unified Architecture.
OPC UA Profiles are used to segregate features with regard to testing of OPC UA products and the nature of the testing. The scope of this document includes defining functionality that can only be tested. The definition of actual TestCases is not within the scope of this document, but the general categories of TestCases are covered by this document.
Most OPC UA applications will conform to several, but not all of the Profiles.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Profiles and ConformanceUnits are not part of this document, but are solely managed in a public database as described in Clause 1.
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This part of IEC 62541 defines the Information Model associated with Programs in OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA). This includes the description of the NodeClasses, standard Properties, Methods and Events and associated behaviour and information for Programs.
The complete AddressSpace model including all NodeClasses and Attributes is specified in IEC 62541-3. The Services such as those used to invoke the Methods used to manage
Programs are specified in IEC 62541-4.
An example for a DomainDownload Program is defined in Annex A.
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IEC 62541-5:2026 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Annex B has been removed and used to create IEC 62451-16;
b) Annex C has been removed and used to create IEC 62451-20;
c) currency information model has been added;
d) information model for Interfaces and AddIns has been added;
e) information model for Method Metadata has been added;
f) MaxSessions, MaxSubscriptions, and MaxMonitoredItems have been added to capabilities;
g) information model for ordered list of objects has been added;
h) PortableQualifiedName and PortableNodeId DataTypes have been added;
i) UriString DataType has been added;
j) SemanticVersionString DataType has been added;
k) AssociatedWith Reference Type has been added;
l) ConfigurationVersion Property has been added to NamespaceMetadataType;
m) AuditClientEventType and AuditClientUpdateMethodResultEventType have been added;
n) ModelVersion has been added to NamespaceMetadataType;
o) NoTransparentBackupRedundancyType has been added to support a Primary/Standby use case;
p) BitFieldType and BitFieldDefinitionType have been added.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
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IEC 62541-100:2025 defines the information model associated with Devices. This document describes three models which build upon each other as follows:
• The (base) Device Model is intended to provide a unified view of devices and their hardware and software parts irrespective of the underlying device protocols.
• The Device Communication Model adds Network and Connection information elements so that communication topologies can be created.
• The Device Integration Host Model finally adds additional elements and rules required for host systems to manage integration for a complete system. It enables reflecting the topology of the automation system with the devices as well as the connecting communication networks.
This document also defines AddIns that can be used for the models in this document but also for models in other information models. They are:
• Locking model – a generic AddIn to control concurrent access,
• Software update model – an AddIn to manage software in a Device.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a a ComponentType that can be used to model any HW or SW element of a device has been defined and a SoftwareType has been added as subtype of ComponentType;
b the new OPC UA interface concept and defined interfaces for Nameplate, DeviceHealth, and SupportInfo has been added.
c) a new model for Software Update (Firmware Update) has been added;
d) a new entry point for documents where each document is represented by a FileType instance has been specified;
e) a model that provides information about the lifetime, related limits and semantic of the lifetime of things like tools, material or machines has been added.
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This part of IEC 62541 is part of the overall OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) standard series and defines the information model associated with Data Access (DA). It particularly includes additional VariableTypes and complementary descriptions of the NodeClasses and Attributes needed for Data Access, additional Properties, and other information and behaviour.
The complete address space model, including all NodeClasses and Attributes is specified in IEC 62541-3. The services to detect and access data are specified in IEC 62541-4.
Annex A specifies how the information received from OPC COM Data Access (DA) Servers is mapped to the Data Access model.
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IEC 62541-24:2026 specifies an OPC UA information model to expose information, at what dates and times specific actions are executed by the OPC UA Server. Those schedules can optionally also be manipulated via the information model.
The schedule defines on which dates they are active, and can also reference global calendars representing specific dates, for example public holidays. In addition, the schedule defines times and actions that will be executed at that time. The model defines writing Variables and calling Methods but can be extended to other actions as well.
The NamespaceUri for all NodeIds defined in this document is defined in Annex A.
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This part of IEC 62541, the IEC standards series dedicated to the OPC Unified Architecture, defines an Information Model. The Information Model describes the basic infrastructure to model file transfers.
NOTE In the previous version, File Transfer was in IEC 62541-5:2020, Annex C.
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This part of IEC 62541 defines the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) Services. The Services defined are the collection of abstract Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) that are implemented by OPC UA Servers and called by OPC UA Clients. All interactions between OPC UA Clients and Servers occur via these Services. The defined Services are considered abstract because no particular RPC mechanism for implementation is defined in this document. IEC 62541-6 specifies one or more concrete mappings supported for implementation. For example, one mapping in IEC 62541-6 is to UA-TCP UA-SC UA-Binary. In that case the Services described in this document appear as OPC UA Binary encoded payload, secured with OPC UA Secure Conversation and transported via OPC UA TCP.
Not all OPC UA Servers implement all of the defined Services. IEC 62541-7 defines the Profiles that dictate which Services must be implemented in order to be compliant with a particular Profile.
A BNF (Backus-Naur form) for browse path names is described in Annex A.
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IEC 62541-16:2025 defines an Information Model. The Information Model describes the basic infrastructure to model state machines.
NOTE State Machines were dealt with in IEC 62541‑5:2020, Annex B. In newer versions of IEC 62541‑5 this Annex B was removed and replaced by this document
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IEC 62541-14:2026 defines the PubSub communication model. It defines an OPC UA publish subscribe pattern which complements the client server pattern defined by the Services in IEC 62541-4. See IEC 62541-1 for an overview of the two models and their distinct uses.
PubSub allows the distribution of data and events from an OPC UA information source to interested observers inside a device network as well as in IT and analytics cloud systems.
This document consists of
• a general introduction of the PubSub concepts,
• a definition of the PubSub configuration parameters,
• mapping of PubSub concepts and configuration parameters to messages and transport protocols,
• and a PubSub configuration model.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Addition of a “Quantity Model” which can be referenced from EngineeringUnit Properties. The model defines quantities and assigned units. In addition it provides alternative units and the conversion to them.
b) Addion of rules for ValuePrecision Property:
• can also be used for other subtypes like Duration and Decimal.
• rules have been added when ValuePrecision has negative values.
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IEC 62541-3: 2025 describes the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) AddressSpace and its Objects. This specification is the OPC UA meta model on which OPC UA information models are based. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of the concept and modelling elements for Interfaces and AddIns;
b) addition of Currency;
c) addition of Method Meta Data to define additional attributes for Method Arguments;
d) addition of ApplyRestrictionToBrowse bit to AccessRestrictionType;
e) addition of a Non-Volatile Storage bit to AccessLevelExType;
f) addition of a Constant bit and ConfigurationConstant bit to AccessLevelExType;
g) the View NodeClass has been changed to define the EventNotifier as an EventNotifierType in the same way the Object NodeClass defines it;
h) correctition of HasNotifier, HasEventSource, and Organizes, to include ObjectType as valid source node;
i) NamingRules have become deprecated;
j) addition of AssociatedWith ReferenceType.
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IEC 62541-23:2025 defines ReferenceTypes commonly used in industrial Information Models. They are more specific than the ReferenceTypes in IEC 62541‑3 which are an inherent part of the OPC UA Address Space Model.
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This part of IEC 62541 belongs to the OPC Unified Architecture standards series and defines the Information Model associated with Historical Access (HA). It particularly includes additional and complementary descriptions of the NodeClasses and Attributes needed for Historical Access, additional standard Properties, and other information and behaviour.
The complete AddressSpace Model including all NodeClasses and Attributes is specified in IEC 62541-3. The predefined Information Model is defined in IEC 62541-5. The Services to detect and access historical data and events, and description of the ExtensibleParameter types are specified in IEC 62541-4.
This document includes functionality to compute and return Aggregates like minimum, maximum, average etc. The Information Model and the concrete working of Aggregates are defined in IEC 62541-13.
Conventions for Historical Access Clients are informatively provided in Annex A.
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IEC 62541-17:2025 provides a definition of AliasNames functionality. AliasNames provide a manner of configuring and exposing an alternate well-defined name for any Node in the system. This is analogous to the way domain names are used as an alias to IP addresses in IP networks. Like a DNS Server, an OPC UA Server that supports AliasNames provides a lookup Method that will translate an AliasName to a NodeId of the related Node on a Server. An aggregating Server can collect these AliasNames from multiple Servers and provide a lookup Method to allow Client applications to discover NodeIds on a system wide basis. An aggregating Server could also define AliasNames for Nodes in other Servers that do not support AliasNames. A GDS can be constructed that would automatically aggregate all AliasNames that are defined on any Server that has registered with the GDS. In this case, the GDS also provides the lookup mechanism for Clients at a well-known endpoint and address.
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IEC 62541-22:2025 specifies an OPC UA Information Model for a basic set of network related components used in other Information Models.
The initial version of this document defines parameter sets for TSN Talkers and Listeners as well as network interfaces and ports as shown in Figure 1. A future version of this document is expected to have a broader scope of other network technologies than Ethernet only.
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IEC 62541-6:2025 specifies the mapping between the security model described in IEC 62541‑2, the abstract service definitions specified in IEC 62541‑4, the data structures defined in IEC 62541‑5 and the physical network protocols that can be used to implement the OPC UA specification.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of support for ECC to UA Secure Conversation;
b) use of the AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension in Certificate Revocation Lists;
c) enhancement of JSON mapping of Unions;
d) addition of Decimal data type encoding.
e) description of ECC keyUsage rules;
f) addition of Media assigned by IANA to UANodeSet definition;
g) addition of requirements for user and issuer Certificates;
h) addition of rules which specify what happens when DateTime precision is lost;
i) addition of rules to allow for the truncation of strings containing embedded nulls.
J) definition of a normative string representation for NodeId, ExpandedNodeId and QualifiedName for JSON mapping.
k) requirement that TAI times be converted to UTC;
l) new possibility to omit Symbol if unknown in JSON encoding;
m) addition of fields needed to support RolePermissions to the UANodeSet
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IEC 62541-12:2025 specifies how OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) Clients and Servers interact with DiscoveryServers when used in different scenarios. It specifies the requirements for the LocalDiscoveryServer, LocalDiscoveryServer-ME and GlobalDiscoveryServer. It also defines information models for Certificate management, KeyCredential management and AuthorizationServices.
Annex A informatively discusses deployment and configuration aspects.
Annex B defines NodeSet and numeric NodeIds.
Annex F provides installation rules for the LDS.
Annex H compares the Certificate management defined in this document with IETF RFC 7030.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of a "Quantity Model" which can be referenced from EngineeringUnit Properties. The model defines quantities and assigned units. In addition it provides alternative units and the conversion to them;
b) addition of rules for ValuePrecision Property:
• can also be used for other subtypes like Duration and Decimal.
• additional rules when ValuePrecision has negative values.
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IEC 61512-1:2026 applies to systems, specifications, and their use for implementing batch and related procedure-oriented manufacturing controls in the process industries. This document establishes a reference model framework for procedure-oriented control, defines terms to help explain the model relationships and usage, and describes general criteria for evaluating conformance. This follows the principle of separation between recipe procedural elements and equipment procedural elements enabling operations to define recipes without the need of changes in equipment procedures. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Models and text are modified to provide more detail and clarity. Key clarifications are: 1) Two types of equipment modules are defined: generic and recipe-aware. All recipe-aware equipment modules contain procedural control and can be used as phases in the recipe. 2) Execution of all procedural control contained directly in units is part of the Unit Supervision activity. 3) The relationships between types of recipes, recipe components, and equipment control are more fully described and illustrated. 4) Entity relationship diagrams have been replaced with more intuitive UML instance diagrams, except for the equipment entity model. 5) The transition diagram for the procedural states example has been updated with a more intuitive and complete UML state diagram. 6) References to other standards in the series and to IEC 62264 are included to provide direction for further clarification of selected topics. 7) Activity names are capitalised to help prevent confusion with similar terms, such as their underlying functions. b) Previous Clauses 4 through 6 (now Clauses 4 through 8) were rearranged to provide a clearer top-down organisation of the document. Key changes are: 1) Removing the lower levels of the physical (role-based equipment) model (see 4.4.2) to eliminate redundancy because their groupings are defined by the associated functionality in the equipment entity model and are not meaningful for batch control without those associations. 2) Describing equipment control and the equipment entity model immediately after the physical (role-based equipment) model and describing each level as completely as possible without excessive use of forward references (see 4.4.3). 3) Combining the descriptions of basic, procedural, and coordination control with their usage in each type of equipment entity, providing a single consolidated discussion of each type of control (see Clause 5) 4) Additional considerations to support application of the models have been grouped in Clause 7 to clarify their supporting relationship to the core models. c) Clause 9 was added to define completeness, compliance, and conformance in relation to this document. d) Annex B was added to provide a more expansive procedural state reference model. The model found in Clause 7 can be considered a collapsed version of this more general model. e) Annex C was added to clarify a number of points concerning the models, their application, and the new Clause 9 on conformance and compliance. f) Annex E was added to more fully describe the changes in this update to IEC 61512-1:1997.
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IEC 62541-2:2026 describes the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) security model. It describes the security threats of the physical, hardware, and software environments in which OPC UA is expected to run. It describes how OPC UA relies upon other standards for security. It provides definition of common security terms that are used in this and other parts of the IEC 62541 series. It gives an overview and concept of the security features that are specified in other parts of the series. It references services, mappings, and Profiles that are specified normatively in other parts of the 62541 series. It provides suggestions or best practice guidelines on implementing security. Any seeming ambiguity between this document and one of the other normative parts does not remove or reduce the requirement specified in the other normative part. There are many different aspects of security that are addressed when developing applications. However, since OPC UA specifies a communication protocol, the focus is on securing the data exchanged between applications. This does not mean that an application developer can ignore the other aspects of security like protecting persistent data against tampering. It is important that the developers look into all aspects of security and decide how they can be addressed in the application. Common security features for industrial Controls are defined in IEC 62443-4-2 and OPC UA defined a relationship to them in Annex A. This document is directed to readers who will develop OPC UA applications. It is also for end Users that wish to understand the various security features and functionality provided by OPC UA. It also offers some recommendations that can be applied when deploying systems. These recommendations are generic in nature since the details would depend on the actual implementation of the OPC UA applications and the choices made for the site security. This edition cancels and replaces the third edition of IEC TR 62541-2, published in 2020.This edition constitutes a technical revision.
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IEC 62061:2021 specifies requirements and makes recommendations for the design, integration and validation of safety-related control systems (SCS) for machines. It is applicable to control systems used, either singly or in combination, to carry out safety functions on machines that are not portable by hand while working, including a group of machines working together in a coordinated manner.
This document is a machinery sector specific standard within the framework of IEC 61508 (all parts).
The design of complex programmable electronic subsystems or subsystem elements is not within the scope of this document.
The main body of this sector standard specifies general requirements for the design, and verification of a safety-related control system intended to be used in high/continuous demand mode.
This document:
– is concerned only with functional safety requirements intended to reduce the risk of hazardous situations;
– is restricted to risks arising directly from the hazards of the machine itself or from a group of machines working together in a coordinated manner;
This document does not cover
– electrical hazards arising from the electrical control equipment itself (e.g. electric shock - see IEC 60204-1);
– other safety requirements necessary at the machine level such as safeguarding;
– specific measures for security aspects – see IEC TR 63074.
This document is not intended to limit or inhibit technological advancement.
IEC 62061:2021 cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2005, Amendment 1:2012 and Amendment 2:2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
– structure has been changed and contents have been updated to reflect the design process of the safety function,
– standard extended to non-electrical technologies,
– definitions updated to be aligned with IEC 61508-4,
– functional safety plan introduced and configuration management updated (Clause 4),
– requirements on parametrization expanded (Clause 6),
– reference to requirements on security added (Subclause 6.8),
– requirements on periodic testing added (Subclause 6.9),
– various improvements and clarification on architectures and reliability calculations (Clause 6 and Clause 7),
– shift from "SILCL" to "maximum SIL" of a subsystem (Clause 7),
– use cases for software described including requirements (Clause 8),
– requirements on independence for software verification (Clause 8) and validation activities (Clause 9) added,
– new informative annex with examples (Annex G),
– new informative annexes on typical MTTFD values, diagnostics and calculation methods for the architectures (Annex C, Annex D and Annex H).
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IEC 62061: 2026 Amendment 2
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This document provides a common resource that assists with the interoperability of characteristic data between various industrial data standards, such as the ISO 13399 series, the ISO 13584 series, the ISO 15926 series, the ISO 18101 series, the ISO 22745 series, the IEC 61360 series[23] including the IEC Common Data Dictionary[30] and the IEC 62656 series.[25] This document specifies a set of resources that enable organizations to use concept dictionaries as the basis for unambiguous exchange of characteristic data. The following are within the scope of this document: fundamental principles for the exchange of characteristic data and for data dictionaries and ontologies; a conceptual model for basic entities and types; an exchange format for basic entities and types; data elements for identification of objects described by a concept dictionary, where those objects include concepts and their associated concept information elements; syntax of an identifier of objects described by a concept dictionary; rules regarding compatibility of restricted schemas with this document; a conceptual model for dictionaries of concepts and their defining terminological data; an exchange format for terminological data that can be fetched via a concept dictionary resolution service (CDRS); a conceptual model for characteristic data; an exchange format for characteristic data; a specification of a mechanism to resolve a unique concept identifier to its service provider; a specification of an identification scheme and identifier format for retrievable objects in a concept dictionary; a specification of a mechanism to retrieve the terminological data associated with a concept and other objects from the concept dictionary terminology reference model, given the identifier of the concept or object; a specification of a mechanism to search for concepts and other objects from the concept dictionary terminology reference model, using a set of search patterns and parameters; a specification of a mechanism to retrieve the ontological description of a concept, given the identifier of the concept; Web Services Definition Language (WSDL)[33] and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)[34] binding of the specified services; a query for characteristic data of items that have a given supplier identification; a query for supplier identification of items that have a given set of characteristic data; a query for characteristic data and supplier identification of items that match a search expression; a query to supply missing characteristic data. The formats in this document provide interoperability between implementations of the ISO 13584 series and the ISO 22745 series. These formats also have more general applicability. This document serves as a generic resource that can be restricted through implementation profiles by standards that reference it. It can also be implemented without restriction. The following is outside of the scope of this document: rules specific to the ISO 13584 series or the ISO 22745 series.
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This document specifies interface content exchanged between manufacturing control functions and other enterprise functions as interrelated information models. The information models are represented as an interrelated collection of conceptual object models which can be used for the implementation of applications with logical data and physical data models. The data exchanges in interfaces are scoped as between Level 3 manufacturing operations and Level 4 business systems in the hierarchical model defined in IEC 62264-1. The purpose of this document is to reduce the risk, cost, and errors associated with interface implementation. Since this document covers many manufacturing operations and enterprise domains and there are many different standards for those domains, the semantics of this data exchange standard are described at a conceptual level intended to enable the other standards to be mapped to these semantics. To this end, this document defines a set of elements contained in the generic interface, together with a mechanism for extending the interface content for implementations. The scope is limited to the definition of object models and attributes of the exchanged information defined in the IEC 62264-1.
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IEC 62264-2:2026 specifies interface content exchanged between manufacturing control functions and other enterprise functions as interrelated information models. The information models are represented as an interrelated collection of conceptual object models which can be used for the implementation of applications with logical data and physical data models. The data exchanges in interfaces are scoped as between Level 3 manufacturing operations and Level 4 business systems in the hierarchical model defined in IEC 62264-1. The purpose of this document is to reduce the risk, cost, and errors associated with interface implementation.
Since this document covers many manufacturing operations and enterprise domains and there are many different standards for those domains, the semantics of this data exchange standard are described at a conceptual level intended to enable the other standards to be mapped to these semantics. To this end, this document defines a set of elements contained in the generic interface, together with a mechanism for extending the interface content for implementations.
The scope is limited to the definition of object models and attributes of the exchanged information defined in the IEC 62264-1.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2013. It is published as a double logo standard. This edition constitutes a technical revision. Due to the extent of the changes and updates, this document cannot ensure backward compatibility to implementations based on older editions. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition and ANSI/ISA 95.00.02-2018 (ED3):
a) object models are added for the use of interactive communications to notify subscribers about the occurrence of events and to provide context information about the event, making the information exchange more efficient and consistent. The added object models were the operations event model and operations record model.
b) operations location model and spatial definition attribute added to allow the description of operation locations.
c) operations test model added to define how test specifications and test results are related to testable objects, operations test requirements, actual resource, and work definitions.
d) definition of possible measurement uncertainty sub-attributes for all value, quantity and duration attributes defined in this document.
e) updated hierarchy scope model.
f) removed as separate models in this edition were the models for product definition, production schedule, production performance, and production capability. Their content is covered for all manufacturing operations management categories under operations models.
g) object model was added for the operations segment capability as a collection of resources related to other operations models.
h) updated relationship name and role name conventions established in 3.3.4 and implemented across all models and associated tables.
i) updated all objects’ relationship role table with explicit source and target names.
j) updated common header attributes for objects and property objects established in 4.5 and implemented across all models and associated tables.
k) updated explanation of the ‘relationships between resource reference objects in operations management information models and resource models. These additional resource relationships are added to all operations management models.
l) added an annex explanation for implementation options for specifying values in unit of measurement attribute.
m) added an annex explanation for implementation considerations for inheritance and persistence of data exchange object models.
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IEC 62541-14:2026 defines the PubSub communication model. It defines an OPC UA publish subscribe pattern which complements the client server pattern defined by the Services in IEC 62541-4. See IEC 62541-1 for an overview of the two models and their distinct uses. PubSub allows the distribution of data and events from an OPC UA information source to interested observers inside a device network as well as in IT and analytics cloud systems. This document consists of • a general introduction of the PubSub concepts, • a definition of the PubSub configuration parameters, • mapping of PubSub concepts and configuration parameters to messages and transport protocols, • and a PubSub configuration model. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Addition of a “Quantity Model” which can be referenced from EngineeringUnit Properties. The model defines quantities and assigned units. In addition it provides alternative units and the conversion to them. b) Addion of rules for ValuePrecision Property: • can also be used for other subtypes like Duration and Decimal. • rules have been added when ValuePrecision has negative values.
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IEC 62541-24:2026 specifies an OPC UA information model to expose information, at what dates and times specific actions are executed by the OPC UA Server. Those schedules can optionally also be manipulated via the information model. The schedule defines on which dates they are active, and can also reference global calendars representing specific dates, for example public holidays. In addition, the schedule defines times and actions that will be executed at that time. The model defines writing Variables and calling Methods but can be extended to other actions as well. The NamespaceUri for all NodeIds defined in this document is defined in Annex A.
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IEC 61512-1:2026 applies to systems, specifications, and their use for implementing batch and related procedure-oriented manufacturing controls in the process industries. This document establishes a reference model framework for procedure-oriented control, defines terms to help explain the model relationships and usage, and describes general criteria for evaluating conformance. This follows the principle of separation between recipe procedural elements and equipment procedural elements enabling operations to define recipes without the need of changes in equipment procedures.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Models and text are modified to provide more detail and clarity. Key clarifications are:
1) Two types of equipment modules are defined: generic and recipe-aware. All recipe-aware equipment modules contain procedural control and can be used as phases in the recipe.
2) Execution of all procedural control contained directly in units is part of the Unit Supervision activity.
3) The relationships between types of recipes, recipe components, and equipment control are more fully described and illustrated.
4) Entity relationship diagrams have been replaced with more intuitive UML instance diagrams, except for the equipment entity model.
5) The transition diagram for the procedural states example has been updated with a more intuitive and complete UML state diagram.
6) References to other standards in the series and to IEC 62264 are included to provide direction for further clarification of selected topics.
7) Activity names are capitalised to help prevent confusion with similar terms, such as their underlying functions.
b) Previous Clauses 4 through 6 (now Clauses 4 through 8) were rearranged to provide a clearer top-down organisation of the document. Key changes are:
1) Removing the lower levels of the physical (role-based equipment) model (see 4.4.2) to eliminate redundancy because their groupings are defined by the associated functionality in the equipment entity model and are not meaningful for batch control without those associations.
2) Describing equipment control and the equipment entity model immediately after the physical (role-based equipment) model and describing each level as completely as possible without excessive use of forward references (see 4.4.3).
3) Combining the descriptions of basic, procedural, and coordination control with their usage in each type of equipment entity, providing a single consolidated discussion of each type of control (see Clause 5)
4) Additional considerations to support application of the models have been grouped in Clause 7 to clarify their supporting relationship to the core models.
c) Clause 9 was added to define completeness, compliance, and conformance in relation to this document.
d) Annex B was added to provide a more expansive procedural state reference model. The model found in Clause 7 can be considered a collapsed version of this more general model.
e) Annex C was added to clarify a number of points concerning the models, their application, and the new Clause 9 on conformance and compliance.
f) Annex E was added to more fully describe the changes in this update to IEC 61512-1:1997.
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This document specifies the evaluation methodology to support achieving repeatable and
reproducible evaluation results for IACS components under evaluation against IEC 62443-4-2
requirements.
This document does not specify the definition of a complete certification scheme or certification
program.
This document does not specify the process evaluations of the secure development lifecycle
according to IEC 62443-4-1. The existing secure development lifecycle according to
IEC 62443-4-1 is a prerequisite in this evaluation methodology.
This document does not specify particular tools, e.g. for the use in vulnerability or penetration
testing.
This document does not focus on lACS components which were not developed according to the
lifecycle process of IEC 62443-4-1.
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IEC 62541-3: 2025 describes the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) AddressSpace and its Objects. This specification is the OPC UA meta model on which OPC UA information models are based. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of the concept and modelling elements for Interfaces and AddIns; b) addition of Currency; c) addition of Method Meta Data to define additional attributes for Method Arguments; d) addition of ApplyRestrictionToBrowse bit to AccessRestrictionType; e) addition of a Non-Volatile Storage bit to AccessLevelExType; f) addition of a Constant bit and ConfigurationConstant bit to AccessLevelExType; g) the View NodeClass has been changed to define the EventNotifier as an EventNotifierType in the same way the Object NodeClass defines it; h) correctition of HasNotifier, HasEventSource, and Organizes, to include ObjectType as valid source node; i) NamingRules have become deprecated; j) addition of AssociatedWith ReferenceType.
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IEC 62541-12:2025 specifies how OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) Clients and Servers interact with DiscoveryServers when used in different scenarios. It specifies the requirements for the LocalDiscoveryServer, LocalDiscoveryServer-ME and GlobalDiscoveryServer. It also defines information models for Certificate management, KeyCredential management and AuthorizationServices. Annex A informatively discusses deployment and configuration aspects. Annex B defines NodeSet and numeric NodeIds. Annex F provides installation rules for the LDS. Annex H compares the Certificate management defined in this document with IETF RFC 7030. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of a "Quantity Model" which can be referenced from EngineeringUnit Properties. The model defines quantities and assigned units. In addition it provides alternative units and the conversion to them; b) addition of rules for ValuePrecision Property: • can also be used for other subtypes like Duration and Decimal. • additional rules when ValuePrecision has negative values.
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IEC 62541-11: 2025 defines the Information Model associated with Historical Access (HA). It particularly includes additional and complementary descriptions of the NodeClasses and Attributes needed for Historical Access, additional standard Properties, and other information and behaviour. The complete AddressSpace Model including all NodeClasses and Attributes is specified in IEC 62541‑3. The predefined Information Model is defined in IEC 62541‑5. The Services to detect and access historical data and events, and description of the ExtensibleParameter types are specified in IEC 62541‑4. This document includes functionality to compute and return Aggregates like minimum, maximum, average etc. The Information Model and the concrete working of Aggregates are defined in IEC 62541‑13. Conventions for Historical Access Clients are informatively provided in Annex A. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) a functionality has been added to support retrieving of modified events; b) an Event has been added to indicate when a backfill occurred; c) a new ReferenceType that can be used to indicate an external node has been defined; d) the text has been improved to better explain the concept of annotation and remove conflicting explanations; e) a default historian configuration (and where to find it) has been defined; f) HistoricalEventConfigurationType, which provides general configuration information about the historical Event storage, has been added; g) the text has been updated and optional fields have been added to HA configuration object to allow configuration to be defined for periodic data collection, not just for exception-based collection; h) an ObjectType that can be used for external event collection has been provided as well as an example how historians can be configured.
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IEC 62541-21:2026 defines the life cycle of Devices and Composites and mechanisms to verify their authenticity, set up their security and maintain their configuration. The NodeIds of all Nodes described in this standard are only symbolic names. Annex A defines the NamespaceUri for all NodeIds and the actual NodeIds.
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IEC 62541-22:2025 specifies an OPC UA Information Model for a basic set of network related components used in other Information Models. The initial version of this document defines parameter sets for TSN Talkers and Listeners as well as network interfaces and ports as shown in Figure 1. A future version of this document is expected to have a broader scope of other network technologies than Ethernet only.
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IEC 62541-20:2025 defines an Information Model. The Information Model describes the basic infrastructure to model file transfers. NOTE In the previous version, File Transfer was in IEC 62541‑5:2020, Annex C.
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IEC 62541-8:2025 defines the information model associated with Data Access (DA). It particularly includes additional VariableTypes and complementary descriptions of the NodeClasses and Attributes needed for Data Access, additional Properties, and other information and behaviour. The complete address space model, including all NodeClasses and Attributes is specified in IEC 62541‑3. The services to detect and access data are specified in IEC 62541‑4. Annex A specifies how the information received from OPC COM Data Access (DA) Servers is mapped to the Data Access model. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of a "Quantity Model" which can be referenced from EngineeringUnit Properties. The model defines quantities and assigned units. In addition it provides alternative units and the conversion to them. b) addition of rules for ValuePrecision Property: - can also be used for other subtypes like Duration and Decimal. - rules have been added when ValuePrecision has negative values.
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IEC 62541-5:2026 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Annex B has been removed and used to create IEC 62451-16; b) Annex C has been removed and used to create IEC 62451-20; c) currency information model has been added; d) information model for Interfaces and AddIns has been added; e) information model for Method Metadata has been added; f) MaxSessions, MaxSubscriptions, and MaxMonitoredItems have been added to capabilities; g) information model for ordered list of objects has been added; h) PortableQualifiedName and PortableNodeId DataTypes have been added; i) UriString DataType has been added; j) SemanticVersionString DataType has been added; k) AssociatedWith Reference Type has been added; l) ConfigurationVersion Property has been added to NamespaceMetadataType; m) AuditClientEventType and AuditClientUpdateMethodResultEventType have been added; n) ModelVersion has been added to NamespaceMetadataType; o) NoTransparentBackupRedundancyType has been added to support a Primary/Standby use case; p) BitFieldType and BitFieldDefinitionType have been added. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
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IEC 62541-23:2025 defines ReferenceTypes commonly used in industrial Information Models. They are more specific than the ReferenceTypes in IEC 62541‑3 which are an inherent part of the OPC UA Address Space Model.
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IEC 62541-6:2025 specifies the mapping between the security model described in IEC 62541‑2, the abstract service definitions specified in IEC 62541‑4, the data structures defined in IEC 62541‑5 and the physical network protocols that can be used to implement the OPC UA specification. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of support for ECC to UA Secure Conversation; b) use of the AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension in Certificate Revocation Lists; c) enhancement of JSON mapping of Unions; d) addition of Decimal data type encoding. e) description of ECC keyUsage rules; f) addition of Media assigned by IANA to UANodeSet definition; g) addition of requirements for user and issuer Certificates; h) addition of rules which specify what happens when DateTime precision is lost; i) addition of rules to allow for the truncation of strings containing embedded nulls. J) definition of a normative string representation for NodeId, ExpandedNodeId and QualifiedName for JSON mapping. k) requirement that TAI times be converted to UTC; l) new possibility to omit Symbol if unknown in JSON encoding; m) addition of fields needed to support RolePermissions to the UANodeSet
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IEC 62541-2:2026 describes the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) security model. It describes the security threats of the physical, hardware, and software environments in which OPC UA is expected to run. It describes how OPC UA relies upon other standards for security. It provides definition of common security terms that are used in this and other parts of the IEC 62541 series. It gives an overview and concept of the security features that are specified in other parts of the series. It references services, mappings, and Profiles that are specified normatively in other parts of the 62541 series. It provides suggestions or best practice guidelines on implementing security. Any seeming ambiguity between this document and one of the other normative parts does not remove or reduce the requirement specified in the other normative part.
There are many different aspects of security that are addressed when developing applications. However, since OPC UA specifies a communication protocol, the focus is on securing the data exchanged between applications. This does not mean that an application developer can ignore the other aspects of security like protecting persistent data against tampering. It is important that the developers look into all aspects of security and decide how they can be addressed in the application. Common security features for industrial Controls are defined in IEC 62443-4-2 and OPC UA defined a relationship to them in Annex A.
This document is directed to readers who will develop OPC UA applications. It is also for end Users that wish to understand the various security features and functionality provided by OPC UA. It also offers some recommendations that can be applied when deploying systems. These recommendations are generic in nature since the details would depend on the actual implementation of the OPC UA applications and the choices made for the site security.
This edition cancels and replaces the third edition of IEC TR 62541-2, published in 2020.This edition constitutes a technical revision.
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IEC 62541-17:2025 provides a definition of AliasNames functionality. AliasNames provide a manner of configuring and exposing an alternate well-defined name for any Node in the system. This is analogous to the way domain names are used as an alias to IP addresses in IP networks. Like a DNS Server, an OPC UA Server that supports AliasNames provides a lookup Method that will translate an AliasName to a NodeId of the related Node on a Server. An aggregating Server can collect these AliasNames from multiple Servers and provide a lookup Method to allow Client applications to discover NodeIds on a system wide basis. An aggregating Server could also define AliasNames for Nodes in other Servers that do not support AliasNames. A GDS can be constructed that would automatically aggregate all AliasNames that are defined on any Server that has registered with the GDS. In this case, the GDS also provides the lookup mechanism for Clients at a well-known endpoint and address.
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IEC 62541-10:2025 is available as IEC 62541-10:2025 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 62541-10:2025 defines the Information Model associated with Programs in OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA). This includes the description of the NodeClasses, standard Properties, Methods and Events and associated behaviour and information for Programs. The complete AddressSpace model including all NodeClasses and Attributes is specified in IEC 62541-3. The Services such as those used to invoke the Methods used to manage Programs are specified in IEC 62541-4. An example for a DomainDownload Program is defined in Annex A. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - StateMachine table format has been aligned.
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IEC 62541-100:2025 defines the information model associated with Devices. This document describes three models which build upon each other as follows: • The (base) Device Model is intended to provide a unified view of devices and their hardware and software parts irrespective of the underlying device protocols. • The Device Communication Model adds Network and Connection information elements so that communication topologies can be created. • The Device Integration Host Model finally adds additional elements and rules required for host systems to manage integration for a complete system. It enables reflecting the topology of the automation system with the devices as well as the connecting communication networks. This document also defines AddIns that can be used for the models in this document but also for models in other information models. They are: • Locking model – a generic AddIn to control concurrent access, • Software update model – an AddIn to manage software in a Device. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a a ComponentType that can be used to model any HW or SW element of a device has been defined and a SoftwareType has been added as subtype of ComponentType; b the new OPC UA interface concept and defined interfaces for Nameplate, DeviceHealth, and SupportInfo has been added. c) a new model for Software Update (Firmware Update) has been added; d) a new entry point for documents where each document is represented by a FileType instance has been specified; e) a model that provides information about the lifetime, related limits and semantic of the lifetime of things like tools, material or machines has been added.
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IEC 62541-13:2025 is available as IEC 62541-13:2025 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 62541-13:2025 defines the information model associated with Aggregates. Programmatically produced aggregate examples are listed in Annex A. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Multiple fixes for the computation of aggregates • The Raw status bit is always set for non-bad StatusCodes for the Start and End aggregates. • Entries in the Interpolative examples Tables A2.2 Historian1, Historian2, and Historian3 have been changed from Good to Good, Raw status codes when the timestamp matches with the timestamp of the data source. • Missing tables have been added for DurationInStateZero and DurationInStateNonZero. • The value of zero has been removed for results with a StatusCode of bad. • Data Type was listed as "Status Code" when it is "Double" for both Standard Deviation and both Variance Aggregates. • Rounding Error in TimeAverage and TimeAverage2 have been corrected. • The status codes have been corrected for the last two intervals and the value has been corrected in the last interval. • The wording has been changed to be more consistent with the certification testing tool. • UsedSlopedExtrapolation set to true for Historian2 and all examples locations needed new values or status' are modified. • Values affected by percent good and percent bad have been updated. • PercentGood/PercentBad are now accounted for in the calculation. • TimeAverage uses SlopedInterpolation but the Time aggregate is incorrectly allowed to used Stepped Interpolation. • Partial bit is now correctly calculated. • Unclear sentence was removed. • Examples have been moved to a CSV. • The value and status code for Historian 3 have been updated. • TimeAverage2 Historian1 now takes uncertain regions into account when calculating StatusCodes. • TimeAverage2 Historian2 now takes uncertain regions into account when calculating StatusCodes. • Total2 Historian1 now takes uncertain regions into account when calculating StatusCodes • Total2 Historian2 now takes uncertain regions into account when calculating StatusCodes • Maximum2 Historian1 now takes uncertain regions into account when calculating StatusCodes • MaximumActualTime2 Historian1 now takes uncertain regions into account when calculating StatusCodes • Minimum2 Historian1 now takes uncertain regions into account when calculating StatusCodes • MinimumActualTime2 Historian1 now has the StatusCodes calculated while using the TreatUncertainAsBad flag. • Range2 Historian1 now looks at TreatUncertainAsBad in the calculation of the StatusCodes. • Clarifications have been made to the text defining how PercentGood/PercentBad are used. The table values and StatusCodes of the TimeAverage2 and Total2 aggregates have been corrected.
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