23.140 - Compressors and pneumatic machines
ICS 23.140 Details
Compressors and pneumatic machines
Kompressoren. Pneumatische Maschinen
Compresseurs et machines pneumatiques
Kompresorji in pnevmatični stroji
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 23.140 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Compressors and pneumatic machines". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 150 standards classified under ICS 23.140 (Compressors and pneumatic machines). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document focuses on recommending condition monitoring (CM) techniques for detecting and diagnosing developing machine faults associated with the most common potential failure modes in reciprocating compressors. This document is intended to set out a reliable and effective CM approach for reciprocating compressors, to create a mutual understanding of the criteria for successful reciprocating compressor CM and to foster cooperation between the various application stakeholders, for use by end-users, contractors, consultants, service providers, machine and part manufacturers and instrument suppliers, as the reciprocating compressor design, its operation and maintenance regime can be very different from one application to the next, it is important to highlight that condition monitoring and diagnostics method described in this document is reference guidelines and non-mandatory information, and To make this standard more effective, it is required to actively share the operation and condition data of the reciprocating compressor among the relevant parties. Some of the reciprocating compressor types covered by the requirements of this document include: slow (under 600 r/min) and moderate speed (600 r/min to 1 000 r/min) machines manufactured and procured in accordance with the requirements of API STD 618; high-speed and pre-packaged machines (over 1 000 r/min) on a skid that are manufactured and procured in accordance with the requirements of ISO 13631 or API SPEC 11P; hyper compressors used for secondary ethylene compression in low density polyethylene (LDPE) production; lubricated and non-lubricated machines; water-cooled and gas-cooled machines; horizontal, vertical V-type, L-type and W-type machines; horizontal, vertical machines with piston rings and those with labyrinth seal pistons (vertical machines only); single-acting and double acting machines; machines with a tandem cylinder configuration; single and multi-stage compression machines; machines with and without capacity control; ring, poppet, reed and plate valve type machines; machines mounted on flexible and rigid structures; machines driven by electric motors, gas and diesel engines, turbines (with or without a gearbox) all with a flexible or rigid coupling; tintegral gas-engine-driven machines (engine portion out of scope); offshore applications (e.g. platforms, FPSOs (floating production storage and offloading), FLNGs (floating liquified natural gas), FPU (offshore foating production unit) and fixed installations). This document focuses on the compressor itself (cylinders, distance pieces, crosshead, frame and all internal parts) and not on the prime mover or the external systems (e.g. piping, scrubbers, pulsation vessels, and pulsation control devices). Only brief mention is made of monitoring the foundation, skid and pedestal. The scope does not include requirements for monitoring the auxiliary systems (e.g. for lubrication, cylinder cooling, intercoolers and gas purging), but process parameters from these systems are often monitored. The scope does not cover installation analyses of systems either, (e.g. pulsation and mechanical response and thermal analysis of the piping). This document covers online (permanently installed) and portable instrument CM and diagnostic techniques for operating reciprocating compressors. Machine testing, which is only done during shutdown, although very important, is not part of the scope of this document, nor is the one-time acceptance and performance testing.
- Standard88 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a laboratory performance test method for hydraulic impulse and electric impulsing tools for installing threaded fasteners in a laboratory environment, and for power assembly tools (referred throughout the document as “tools”) for installing threaded fasteners. It gives instructions on the procedure, performance parameters to test and how to evaluate and present the test data. It also provides a method for the measurement of torque repeatability (scatter) over a range of torque rates as specified in this document, and over a range of torque adjustment as defined by the manufacturer. It gives instructions on equipment parameters, what to test for and how to evaluate and present the test data. It is applicable to tools of any power source, such as pneumatic or electric, including battery-powered, which apply torque in discontinuous increments, and within the torque range 0,5 N·m to 800 N·m. Outside this range, it is acceptable to modify the test method providing that the modification is documented in the test report. It is not applicable to impact wrenches, and ratchet wrenches or wrenches with ratcheting clutches. The relationship between torque measurements and clamp force-based tests is commented on in Annex A. The use of tools using discontinuous operation of the motor to provide torque impulses is discussed in Annex B. It requires manufacturers to perform tests over their defined torque range of the tool; however, it allows users to perform single point tests in order to minimize the number of test joints necessary for a wide range of test torque levels. A list of preferred test torque levels is provided in Annex C.
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This European Standard deals with the safety of sealed (hermetic and semi-hermetic type) motor-compressors, their protection and control systems, if any, which are intended for use in equipment for household and similar purposes and which conform with the standards applicable to such equipment. It applies to motor-compressors tested separately, under the most severe conditions that may be expected to occur in normal use, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase motor-compressors and 480 V for other motor-compressors
- Amendment11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the rating conditions, tolerances and the method of presenting performance data of refrigerant compressors to enable comparison of different compressors.
This document is applicable to single-stage compressor and two-stage compressor data with or without an additional intermediate pressure inlet.
The performance data of compressors used with R-744 in transcritical operation are covered in this document.
The data relating to the refrigerating capacity, heating capacity and power absorbed include requirements for part-load operation where applicable.
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This document specifies the rating conditions, tolerances and the method of presenting performance data of refrigerant compressors to enable comparison of different compressors.
This document is applicable to single-stage compressor and two-stage compressor data with or without an additional intermediate pressure inlet.
The performance data of compressors used with R-744 in transcritical operation are covered in this document.
The data relating to the refrigerating capacity, heating capacity and power absorbed include requirements for part-load operation where applicable.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes the specific functional requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and disposal activities for safe and secure gas compressor stations.
This document applies to new gas compressor stations with a Maximum Operating Pressure (MOP) over 16 bar and with a total shaft power over 1 MW. For existing compressor stations, this document applies to new compressor units. Where changes/modifications to existing installations or gas composition take place, due account can be taken of the requirements of this document.
This document does not apply to gas compressor stations or compressor units operating prior to the publication of this document. For existing sites this document can be used as guidance.
The purpose of this document is to:
— ensure the health and safety of the public and all site personnel;
— cover environmental issues;
— avoid incidental damage to nearby property; and
— open the gas infrastructure to accommodate renewable gases, including a possible design for hydrogen.
This document specifies common basic principles for the gas infrastructure. Users of this document are expected to be aware that more detailed national standards and/or codes of practice can exist in the CEN member countries.
This document is intended to be applied in association with these national standards and/or codes of practice setting out the above-mentioned basic principles.
In the event of conflicts in terms of more restrictive requirements in national legislation/regulation with the requirements of this document, the national legislation/regulation takes precedence as illustrated in CEN/TR 13737 (all parts). CEN/TR 13737 (all parts) gives:
— clarification of all legislations/regulations applicable in a member state;
— if appropriate, more restrictive national requirements;
— a national contact point for the latest information.
This document does not apply to:
— off-shore gas compressor stations;
— gas compressor stations for compressed gas filling-stations;
— customer installations downstream of the point of custody transfer;
— design and construction of driver packages (see Annex C);
— mobile compressor equipment.
For supplies to utility services such as small central heating boilers reference is made to EN 1775.
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of compressor stations in a gas infrastructure. For further information refer to Annexes A, B, C, D, E and F.
[Figure 1]
- Standard65 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes the specific functional requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and disposal activities for safe and secure gas compressor stations.
This document applies to new gas compressor stations with a Maximum Operating Pressure (MOP) over 16 bar and with a total shaft power over 1 MW. For existing compressor stations, this document applies to new compressor units. Where changes/modifications to existing installations or gas composition take place, due account can be taken of the requirements of this document.
This document does not apply to gas compressor stations or compressor units operating prior to the publication of this document. For existing sites this document can be used as guidance.
The purpose of this document is to:
— ensure the health and safety of the public and all site personnel;
— cover environmental issues;
— avoid incidental damage to nearby property; and
— open the gas infrastructure to accommodate renewable gases, including a possible design for hydrogen.
This document specifies common basic principles for the gas infrastructure. Users of this document are expected to be aware that more detailed national standards and/or codes of practice can exist in the CEN member countries.
This document is intended to be applied in association with these national standards and/or codes of practice setting out the above-mentioned basic principles.
In the event of conflicts in terms of more restrictive requirements in national legislation/regulation with the requirements of this document, the national legislation/regulation takes precedence as illustrated in CEN/TR 13737 (all parts). CEN/TR 13737 (all parts) gives:
— clarification of all legislations/regulations applicable in a member state;
— if appropriate, more restrictive national requirements;
— a national contact point for the latest information.
This document does not apply to:
— off-shore gas compressor stations;
— gas compressor stations for compressed gas filling-stations;
— customer installations downstream of the point of custody transfer;
— design and construction of driver packages (see Annex C);
— mobile compressor equipment.
For supplies to utility services such as small central heating boilers reference is made to EN 1775.
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of compressor stations in a gas infrastructure. For further information refer to Annexes A, B, C, D, E and F.
[Figure 1]
- Standard65 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the performance test method of electrically driven low-pressure air compressor packages, where the compression is performed by positive displacement or dynamic compression; utilising atmospheric air as the compression gas. Low-pressure air compressor packages are often referred to as “blowers”. NOTE Throughout this document, the term ‘low-pressure compressor’ is used to describe a low-pressure air compressor (“blower”) package Low-pressure compressors with and without means of controlling flow (control may be electrical (e.g. with a variable frequency drive) or mechanical or both) are covered. This document applies to low-pressure compressors meeting all the following limits: — Atmospheric inlet air pressure between 0,5 bar and 1,1 bar. — Discharge vs inlet pressure differential between 0,1 bar and 2,5 bar. — Discharge vs inlet pressure ratio between 1,1 and 3,5. This document is not applicable to: — positive displacement low-pressure compressors with a liquid in the compression element (such as liquid ring pumps and liquid injected low-pressure compressor of screw type) — multi-stage low-pressure compressors other than multistage centrifugal compressors comprised of multiple, identical or very similar uncooled sections along a single shaft (repeating stages). — single shaft, multistage centrifugal compressors are treated from the point of measurement and calculation as a single stage
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This document applies to electrically driven positive displacement and dynamic compressors. This document defines and describes the test method to evaluate the cycle energy requirement.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 60317-36:2013 specifies the requirements of solderable enamelled round copper winding wire of class 180 with a dual coating. The underlying coating is based on polyesterimide resin, which may be modified providing it retains the chemical identity of the original resin and meets all specified wire requirements. The superimposed coating is a bonding layer based on a thermoplastic resin. NOTE - A modified resin is a resin that has undergone a chemical change, or contains one or more additives to enhance certain performance or application characteristics. The range of nominal conductor diameters covered by this part is:
- Grade 1B: 0,020 mm up to and including 1,600 mm;
- Grade 2B: 0,020 mm up to and including 1,600 mm. The nominal conductor diameters are specified in Clause 4 of IEC 60317-0-1:2013. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1992, Amendment 1:1997 and Amendment 2:1999. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- new 3.2.2 containing general notes on winding wire, formerly a part of the scope;
- revision to references to IEC 60317-0-1:2013 to clarify that their application is normative;
- consolidation of 17.1 and 17.2 of the solderability requirements;
- new Clause 23, Pin hole test. Keywords: requirements of solderable enamelled round copper winding wire, class 180, dual coating
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard24 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
- Standard48 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This European Standard deals with the safety of sealed (hermetic and semi-hermetic type) motor-compressors, their protection and control systems, if any, which are intended for use in equipment for household and similar purposes and which conform with the standards applicable to such equipment. It applies to motor-compressors tested separately, under the most severe conditions that may be expected to occur in normal use, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase motor-compressors and 480 V for other motor-compressors
- Amendment8 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard deals with the safety of sealed (hermetic and semi-hermetic type) motor-compressors, their protection and control systems, if any, which are intended for use in equipment for household and similar purposes and which conform with the standards applicable to such equipment. It applies to motor-compressors tested separately, under the most severe conditions that may be expected to occur in normal use, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase motor-compressors and 480 V for other motor-compressors.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies methods for testing, rating of performance and calculation of water heating energy efficiency of air/water, brine/water, water/water and direct exchange/water heat pump water heaters and heat pump combination heaters with electrically driven compressors and connected to or including a domestic hot water storage tank for domestic hot water production.
This European Standard comprises only the testing procedure for the domestic hot water production of the heat pump system.
NOTE 1 Testing procedures for simultaneous operation for domestic hot water production and space heating are not treated in this standard. Simultaneous means that domestic hot water production and space heating generation occur at the same time and may interact.
NOTE 2 For heat pump combination heaters the seasonal efficiency of space heating is determined according to EN 14825.
This European Standard only applies to water heaters which are supplied in a package of heat pump and storage tank. In the case of water heaters consisting of several parts with refrigerant connections, this European Standard applies only to those designed and supplied as a complete package.
This European Standard does not specify requirements of the quality of the used water.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 Clean compressed air is required to prevent contamination of coating materials and surfaces being prepared for coating. This test method is a visual examination technique for determining oil or water in compressed air. Other types of contamination may require additional analytical techniques for detection.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the presence of oil or water in compressed air used for abrasive blast cleaning, air blast cleaning, and coating application operations.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 4.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This European Standard applies only to condensing units for refrigeration and describes a number of selected performance test methods. These methods provide sufficiently accurate results for the determination of the refrigerating capacity, power absorbed, refrigerant mass flow and the coefficient of performance.
This European Standard applies only to performance tests conducted at the manufacturer's works or wherever the instrumentation and load stability for testing to the accuracy required is available.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard applies only to condensing units for refrigeration and describes a number of selected performance test methods. These methods provide sufficiently accurate results for the determination of the refrigerating capacity, power absorbed, refrigerant mass flow and the coefficient of performance.
This European Standard applies only to performance tests conducted at the manufacturer's works or wherever the instrumentation and load stability for testing to the accuracy required is available.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
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This European Standard specifies performance test methods for refrigerant compressors. These methods provide sufficiently accurate results for the determination of the refrigerating capacity, power absorbed, refrigerant mass flow, isentropic efficiency and the coefficient of performance.
This European Standard applies only to performance tests where the equipment for testing is available.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies performance test methods for refrigerant compressors. These methods provide sufficiently accurate results for the determination of the refrigerating capacity, power absorbed, refrigerant mass flow, isentropic efficiency and the coefficient of performance.
This European Standard applies only to performance tests where the equipment for testing is available.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 18740:2016 applies to any fixed (constant) speed, liquid cooled, packaged centrifugal air compressor which incorporates a centrifugal compression element of any type driven by an electric motor. It defines and describes acceptance tests for electrically driven packaged air compressors of standard types which are constructed to specifications determined by the manufacturer and which are sold against performance data published in the manufacturer's sales documentation. NOTE Items supplied shipped loose for installation at site are not considered to be a part of the compressor package. Such compressors are designed to draw in atmospheric air from their immediate surroundings and the performance data offered by the manufacturer usually relates to a normal ambient air inlet pressure.
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- Standard12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
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ISO 11011:2013 sets requirements for conducting and reporting the results of a compressed air system assessment that considers the entire system, from energy inputs to the work performed as the result of these inputs.
ISO 11011:2013 considers compressed air systems as three functional subsystems: supply which includes the conversion of primary energy resource to compressed air energy; transmission which includes movement of compressed air energy from where it is generated to where it is used; demand which includes the total of all compressed air consumers, including productive end-use applications and various forms of compressed air waste.
ISO 11011:2013 sets requirements for analysing the data from the assessment, reporting and documentation of assessment findings, and identification of an estimate of energy saving resulting from the assessment process.
ISO 11011:2013 identifies the roles and responsibilities of those involved in the assessment activity.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 10439-3:2015 specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial compressors, single-shaft and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors, and expander-compressors for special purpose applications that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. ISO 10439-4:2015 specifies integrally geared centrifugal compressors in conjunction with ISO 10439‑1.
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ISO 10439 specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial compressors, single-shaft, and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors, and expander-compressors for special purpose applications that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. ISO 10439-1:2015 specifies general requirements applicable to all such machines.
ISO 10439-1:2015 does not apply to fans (these are covered by API 673) or blowers that develop less than 34 kPa (5 psi) pressure rise above atmospheric pressure. It also does not apply to packaged, integrally geared centrifugal plant, and instrument air compressors, which are covered by API 672. Hot gas expanders over 300 °C (570 °F) are not covered by ISO 10439-1:2015.
ISO 10439-1:2015 contains information pertinent to all equipment covered by the other parts of ISO 10439. It shall be used in conjunction with the following parts of ISO 10439, as applicable to the specific equipment covered:
ISO 10439‑2;
ISO 10439‑3
ISO 10439‑4
- Standard139 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 10439-4:2015 specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial compressors, single-shaft, and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors and expander-compressors for special purpose applications that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. ISO 10439‑4:2015 specifies requirements for expander-compressors, in addition to the general requirements specified in ISO 10439‑1:2015.
- Standard61 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 10439-2:2015 specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial compressors, single-shaft, and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors and expander-compressors for special purpose applications that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. ISO 10439-2:2015 specifies requirements for non-integrally geared centrifugal and axial compressors, in addition to the general requirements specified in ISO 10439-1. These machines do not have gears integral with their casing but can have external gears.
- Standard83 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 11011:2013 sets requirements for conducting and reporting the results of a compressed air system assessment that considers the entire system, from energy inputs to the work performed as the result of these inputs.
ISO 11011:2013 considers compressed air systems as three functional subsystems: supply which includes the conversion of primary energy resource to compressed air energy; transmission which includes movement of compressed air energy from where it is generated to where it is used; demand which includes the total of all compressed air consumers, including productive end-use applications and various forms of compressed air waste.
ISO 11011:2013 sets requirements for analysing the data from the assessment, reporting and documentation of assessment findings, and identification of an estimate of energy saving resulting from the assessment process.
ISO 11011:2013 identifies the roles and responsibilities of those involved in the assessment activity.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 10439-4:2015 specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial compressors, single-shaft, and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors and expander-compressors for special purpose applications that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. ISO 10439‑4:2015 specifies requirements for expander-compressors, in addition to the general requirements specified in ISO 10439‑1:2015.
- Standard61 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 10439-3:2015 specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial compressors, single-shaft and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors, and expander-compressors for special purpose applications that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. ISO 10439-4:2015 specifies integrally geared centrifugal compressors in conjunction with ISO 10439‑1.
- Standard77 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 10439 specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial compressors, single-shaft, and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors, and expander-compressors for special purpose applications that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. ISO 10439-1:2015 specifies general requirements applicable to all such machines.
ISO 10439-1:2015 does not apply to fans (these are covered by API 673) or blowers that develop less than 34 kPa (5 psi) pressure rise above atmospheric pressure. It also does not apply to packaged, integrally geared centrifugal plant, and instrument air compressors, which are covered by API 672. Hot gas expanders over 300 °C (570 °F) are not covered by ISO 10439-1:2015.
ISO 10439-1:2015 contains information pertinent to all equipment covered by the other parts of ISO 10439. It shall be used in conjunction with the following parts of ISO 10439, as applicable to the specific equipment covered:
ISO 10439‑2;
ISO 10439‑3
ISO 10439‑4
- Standard139 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 10439-2:2015 specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial compressors, single-shaft, and integrally geared process centrifugal compressors and expander-compressors for special purpose applications that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. ISO 10439-2:2015 specifies requirements for non-integrally geared centrifugal and axial compressors, in addition to the general requirements specified in ISO 10439-1. These machines do not have gears integral with their casing but can have external gears.
- Standard83 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard is applicable to process gas compressors and process gas compressor units having an operating pressure greater than 0,5 bar (gauge), an input shaft power greater than 0,5 kW and designed to compress all gases other than air, nitrogen or inert gases which are covered in Part 1. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the design, installation, operation, maintenance, dismantling and disposal of process gas compressors and process gas compressor units, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part of EN 1012 includes under the general term compressor units those machines which comprise:
- the compressor;
- a drive system including the prime mover;
- any component or device supplied which is necessary for operation.
This part of EN 1012 is not applicable to compressors which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
The requirements of this European Standard do not take into account the interaction between the compressor/compressor unit and other processes carried out on site.
Excluded are:
- refrigerant compressors used in refrigerating systems or heat pumps for which the safety requirements are given in EN 60335-2-34 or EN 12693;
- the specification of performance levels and/or safety integrity levels for safety related parts of control systems.
Performance levels and/or safety integrity levels are an important aspect of compressor design and should be determined by the manufacturer and the user based on a risk assessment (see Introduction).
This European Standard does not cover those safety aspects of road transport dealt with by EC legislation for trailers.
- Standard105 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 4414:2010 specifies general rules and safety requirements for pneumatic fluid power systems and components used on machinery as defined by ISO 12100. ISO 4414:2010 deals with all significant hazards associated with pneumatic fluid power systems and specifies principles to apply in order to avoid those hazards when the systems are put to their intended use.
ISO 4414:2010 applies to the design, construction and modification of systems and their components, also taking into account the following aspects: assembly, installation, adjustment, uninterrupted system operation, ease and economy of maintenance and cleaning, reliable operation in all intended uses, energy efficiency and environment.
ISO 4414:2010 does not apply to air compressors and the systems associated with air distribution as typically installed in a factory, including gas bottles and receivers.
- Standard46 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard is applicable to process gas compressors and process gas compressor units having an operating pressure greater than 0,5 bar (gauge), an input shaft power greater than 0,5 kW and designed to compress all gases other than air, nitrogen or inert gases which are covered in Part 1. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the design, installation, operation, maintenance, dismantling and disposal of process gas compressors and process gas compressor units, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part of EN 1012 includes under the general term compressor units those machines which comprise:
- the compressor;
- a drive system including the prime mover;
- any component or device supplied which is necessary for operation.
This part of EN 1012 is not applicable to compressors which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
The requirements of this European Standard do not take into account the interaction between the compressor/compressor unit and other processes carried out on site.
Excluded are:
- refrigerant compressors used in refrigerating systems or heat pumps for which the safety requirements are given in EN 60335-2-34 or EN 12693;
- the specification of performance levels and/or safety integrity levels for safety related parts of control systems.
Performance levels and/or safety integrity levels are an important aspect of compressor design and should be determined by the manufacturer and the user based on a risk assessment (see Introduction).
This European Standard does not cover those safety aspects of road transport dealt with by EC legislation for trailers.
- Standard105 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 11011:2013 sets requirements for conducting and reporting the results of a compressed air system assessment that considers the entire system, from energy inputs to the work performed as the result of these inputs. ISO 11011:2013 considers compressed air systems as three functional subsystems: supply which includes the conversion of primary energy resource to compressed air energy; transmission which includes movement of compressed air energy from where it is generated to where it is used; demand which includes the total of all compressed air consumers, including productive end-use applications and various forms of compressed air waste. ISO 11011:2013 sets requirements for analysing the data from the assessment, reporting and documentation of assessment findings, and identification of an estimate of energy saving resulting from the assessment process. ISO 11011:2013 identifies the roles and responsibilities of those involved in the assessment activity.
- Standard51 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard55 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
IEC 60335-2-34:2012 deals with the safety of sealed (hermetic and semi-hermetic type) motor-compressors, their protection and control systems, if any, which are intended for use in equipment for household and similar purposes and which conform with the standards applicable to such equipment. It applies to motor-compressors tested separately, under the most severe conditions that may be expected to occur in normal use, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase motor-compressors and 480 V for other motor-compressors. Examples of equipment which contain motor-compressors are: - refrigerators, food freezers and ice makers (IEC 60335-2-24); - air-conditioners, electric heat pumps and dehumidifiers (IEC 60335-2-40); - commercial dispensing appliances and vending machines (IEC 60335-2-75); - factory-built assemblies for transferring heat in applications for refrigerating, air-conditioning or heating purposes or a combination of such purposes. This standard does not supersede the requirements of standards relevant to the particular appliance in which the motor-compressor is used. However, if the motor-compressor type used complies with this standard, the tests for the motor-compressor specified in the particular appliance standard may not need to be made in the particular appliance or assembly. If the motor-compressor control system is associated with the particular appliance control system, additional tests may be necessary on the final appliance. Keywords: Motor compressor, hermetic; semi-hermetic
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 3857-4:2012 identifies the terms and provides the definitions for the vocabulary used in the air-treatment field.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This part of EN 1012 is applicable to compressors and compressor units having an operating pressure greater than 0,5 bar and designed to compress air, nitrogen or inert gases. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the design, installation, operation, maintenance, dismantling and disposal of compressors and compressor units, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part of EN 1012 includes under the general term compressor units those machines which comprise:
- the compressor;
- a drive system;
- any component or device which is necessary for operation.
This part also covers the general requirements relating to process gas compressors; for specific requirements see prEN 1012-3 which applies.
This part covers compressors driven by any power media, including battery powered and which are fitted in or used with motor vehicles.
This part of EN 1012 does not cover requirements for compressors used in potentially explosive atmospheres.
This part of EN 1012 is not applicable to compressors which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO/TR 12942:2012 gives a classification of modern compressor types and their definitions. ISO/TR 12942:2012 presents terms for use in technical and contractual specifications, manufacturer's literature, information searches and data processing systems, patent information, educational publications for students, service and maintenance instructions, industrial statistics and market surveys, as well as in design, quality, safety, testing and other standards, norms, regulations and codes.
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This part of EN 1012 is applicable to compressors and compressor units having an operating pressure greater than 0,5 bar and designed to compress air, nitrogen or inert gases. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the design, installation, operation, maintenance, dismantling and disposal of compressors and compressor units, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part of EN 1012 includes under the general term compressor units those machines which comprise:
- the compressor;
- a drive system;
- any component or device which is necessary for operation.
This part also covers the general requirements relating to process gas compressors; for specific requirements see prEN 1012-3 which applies.
This part covers compressors driven by any power media, including battery powered and which are fitted in or used with motor vehicles.
This part of EN 1012 does not cover requirements for compressors used in potentially explosive atmospheres.
This part of EN 1012 is not applicable to compressors which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
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ISO 2151:2004 specifies methods for the measurement, determination and declaration of the noise emission from portable and stationary compressors and vacuum pumps. It prescribes the mounting, loading and working conditions under which measurements are to be made, and includes measurement or determination of the noise emission expressed as the sound power level under specified load conditions and the emission sound pressure level at the work station under specified load conditions.
It is applicable to compressors for various types of gases, oil-lubricated air compressors, oil-flooded air compressors, water injected air compressors, oil-free air compressors, compressors for handling hazardous gases (gas compressors), compressors for handling oxygen, compressors for handling acetylene, high pressure compressors (over 40 bar/4 MPa), compressors for application at low inlet temperatures (i.e. below 0 °C), large compressors (over 1 000 kW input power), portable and skid-mounted air compressors, and rotary positive displacement blowers and centrifugal blowers and exhausters in applications of 2 bar/0,2 MPa or less. It is not applicable to compressors for gases other than acetylene having a maximum allowable working pressure of less than 0,5 bar/0,05 MPa, refrigerant compressors used in refrigerating systems or heat pumps, nor to hand-held portable compressors.
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This standard is applicable to all vacuum pumps, vacuum pump combinations and vacuum pumping systems. The standard lists the significant hazards associated with vacuum pumps and specifies safety requirements applicable to the design, installation, operation, maintenance and dismantling of vacuum pumps during their foreseeable life and subsequent disposal.
The scope does not include pumps designed to pump continuously on open systems where the pump inlet pressure is above 75 kPA (750 mbar) absolute, i.e. vacuum cleaners, ventilation fans).
Vacuum pumps intended for use in special applications shall also comply with any specific standards relating to those applications.
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This standard is applicable to all vacuum pumps, vacuum pump combinations and vacuum pumping systems. The standard lists the significant hazards associated with vacuum pumps and specifies safety requirements applicable to the design, installation, operation, maintenance and dismantling of vacuum pumps during their foreseeable life and subsequent disposal.
The scope does not include pumps designed to pump continuously on open systems where the pump inlet pressure is above 75 kPA (750 mbar) absolute, i.e. vacuum cleaners, ventilation fans).
Vacuum pumps intended for use in special applications shall also comply with any specific standards relating to those applications.
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ISO 1217:2009 specifies methods for acceptance tests regarding volume rate of flow and power requirements of displacement compressors. It also specifies methods for testing liquid-ring type compressors and the operating and testing conditions which apply when a full performance test is specified.
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This standard applies to positive displacement refrigerant compressors for stationary and mobile refrigerating systems and heat pumps defined in 3.1, hereafter called compressors.
It applies for compressors used in commercial and industrial appliances and with electrical energy supply including integral motors, up to 1 000 VAC and 1 500 VDC.
It applies to open drive, semi hermetic and hermetic motor compressors, which contain a positive compression function
This standard is not applicable to:
- compressors used in household appliance for which EN 60335-2-34 applies;
- compressors using water or air as refrigerant.
This standard does not deal with requirements for vibration and noise.
NOTE Noise emission depends on the complete installation of the built-in compressors and the corresponding operating conditions.
For semi-hermetic and open drive compressors which include moving parts and for which the external envelope is primarily designed for mechanical loads, thermal loads (to limit the possible deformation due to temperature), stiffness of the structure (external mechanical loads and weight of the equipment), taking into account established safe industrial practice, it is considered that pressure is not a significant design factor.
Attached parts covering other functions e.g. oil separators, oil coolers, suction accumulators shall comply to EN 14276-1 or EN 13445-6 (cast iron) or prEN 13445-8:2003 (aluminium) or showing compliance to the relevant European requirements. This applies also to shells for hermetic compressors either welded or with any kind of permanent joint.
Requirements for compressors used in explosive atmospheres are not covered by this standard.
NOTE For further guidance see EN 13463-1.
This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compressors, when they are used as indented and under conditions for misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This standard
- Standard65 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 2151:2004 specifies methods for the measurement, determination and declaration of the noise emission from portable and stationary compressors and vacuum pumps. It prescribes the mounting, loading and working conditions under which measurements are to be made, and includes measurement or determination of the noise emission expressed as the sound power level under specified load conditions and the emission sound pressure level at the work station under specified load conditions.
It is applicable to compressors for various types of gases, oil-lubricated air compressors, oil-flooded air compressors, water injected air compressors, oil-free air compressors, compressors for handling hazardous gases (gas compressors), compressors for handling oxygen, compressors for handling acetylene, high pressure compressors (over 40 bar/4 MPa), compressors for application at low inlet temperatures (i.e. below 0 °C), large compressors (over 1 000 kW input power), portable and skid-mounted air compressors, and rotary positive displacement blowers and centrifugal blowers and exhausters in applications of 2 bar/0,2 MPa or less. It is not applicable to compressors for gases other than acetylene having a maximum allowable working pressure of less than 0,5 bar/0,05 MPa, refrigerant compressors used in refrigerating systems or heat pumps, nor to hand-held portable compressors.
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This standard applies to positive displacement refrigerant compressors for stationary and mobile refrigerating systems and heat pumps defined in 3.1, hereafter called compressors.
It applies for compressors used in commercial and industrial appliances and with electrical energy supply including integral motors, up to 1 000 VAC and 1 500 VDC.
It applies to open drive, semi hermetic and hermetic motor compressors, which contain a positive compression function
This standard is not applicable to:
- compressors used in household appliance for which EN 60335-2-34 applies;
- compressors using water or air as refrigerant.
This standard does not deal with requirements for vibration and noise.
NOTE Noise emission depends on the complete installation of the built-in compressors and the corresponding operating conditions.
For semi-hermetic and open drive compressors which include moving parts and for which the external envelope is primarily designed for mechanical loads, thermal loads (to limit the possible deformation due to temperature), stiffness of the structure (external mechanical loads and weight of the equipment), taking into account established safe industrial practice, it is considered that pressure is not a significant design factor.
Attached parts covering other functions e.g. oil separators, oil coolers, suction accumulators shall comply to EN 14276-1 or EN 13445-6 (cast iron) or prEN 13445-8:2003 (aluminium) or showing compliance to the relevant European requirements. This applies also to shells for hermetic compressors either welded or with any kind of permanent joint.
Requirements for compressors used in explosive atmospheres are not covered by this standard.
NOTE For further guidance see EN 13463-1.
This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compressors, when they are used as indented and under conditions for misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This standard
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ISO 10440-1:2007 specifies requirements for dry and oil-flooded, helical-lobe rotary compressors used for vacuum or pressure or both in petroleum, petrochemical, and gas industry services. It is intended for compressors that are in special-purpose applications.
It is not applicable to general-purpose air compressors, liquid-ring compressors, or vane-type compressors.
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ISO 7183:2007 specifies the performance data that are necessary to state and applicable test methods for different types of compressed air dryers. It is applicable to compressed air dryers working with an effective (gauge) pressure of more than 50 kPa (0,5 bar), but less than or equal to 1 600 kPa (16 bar) and include the following: adsorption dryers, membrane dryers, refrigeration dryers (including drying by cooling) or a combination of these. A description is given of the principles of operation of the dryers within the scope of ISO 7183:2007. ISO 7183:2007 identifies test methods for measuring dryer parameters that include the following: pressure dew point, flow rate, pressure drop, compressed-air loss, power consumption and noise emission. ISO 7183:2007 also provides partial-load tests for determining the performance of energy saving devices or measures and describes the mounting, operating and loading conditions of dryers for the measurement of noise. ISO 7183:2007 is not applicable to the following types of dryers or drying processes: absorption dryers, drying by over-compression and integral dryers.
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ISO 5389:2005 applies to performance tests on turbocompressors of all types. ISO 5389:2005 does not apply to fans and high-vacuum pumps, or to jet-type compressors with moving drive components Turbocompressors comprise machines in which inlet, compression and discharge are continuous flow processes. The gas is conveyed and compressed in impellers and decelerated with further increase in pressure in fixed vaned or vaneless stators. ISO 5389:2005 is intended to provide standard provisions for the preparation, procedure, evaluation and assessment of performance tests on compressors as specified above. The acceptance test of the performance is based on this performance test code. Acceptance tests are intended to demonstrate fulfilment of the order conditions and guarantees specified in the contract.
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