2002/95/EC - Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment
Directive 2002/95/EC, known as the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive, aims to harmonize laws across EU Member States to restrict the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Effective from 1 July 2006, it prohibits the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, and specific brominated flame retardants (PBB and PBDE) in new EEE placed on the market, with certain exemptions. The directive seeks to protect human health and the environment by minimizing risks associated with hazardous substances and enhancing the safe recovery, recycling, and disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). It supports technical and scientific progress through periodic review and adapts exemptions where substitution is impracticable or substitution causes greater harm. The directive does not apply to spare parts for equipment marketed before 1 July 2006 and complements existing EU safety, health, and waste legislation. It establishes a Committee to assist with implementation and requires Member States to impose effective penalties for non-compliance and to transpose its provisions into national law by August 2004.
Purpose
Directive 2002/95/EC, commonly known as the RoHS Directive (Restriction of Hazardous Substances), aims to harmonize the laws of EU Member States regarding the restriction of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Its primary objectives are:
- To protect human health and the environment by limiting the use of specific dangerous substances in EEE.
- To promote the environmentally sound recovery, recycling, and disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE).
- To prevent barriers to trade and market distortions within the EU by approximating national laws related to hazardous substances in EEE.
The Directive targets substances that pose risks to health and the environment, encouraging substitution by safer alternatives and supporting waste management improvements.
Key Obligations
Substance Restrictions: As of 1 July 2006, Member States must ensure that new electrical and electronic products placed on the market do not contain the following hazardous substances above set concentration limits:
- Lead (Pb)
- Mercury (Hg)
- Cadmium (Cd)
- Hexavalent chromium (Cr^6+)
- Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB)
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)
Exemptions: Certain specific applications of these substances are exempted (see Annex), for example:
- Mercury in compact fluorescent lamps (up to 5 mg per lamp).
- Lead in glass of cathode ray tubes and fluorescent tubes.
- Cadmium plating except where already banned.
- Hexavalent chromium in refrigeration cooling systems.
Updating Scope and Substance List: The Commission will review and may update the list of restricted substances and exemptions based on scientific and technical progress, consulting stakeholders such as producers, recyclers, environmental groups, and consumer associations.
Penalties: Member States must establish penalties that are effective, proportionate, and dissuasive for breaches of the Directive.
Spare Parts and Reuse: The Directive does not apply to spare parts for repair or reuse of electrical and electronic equipment placed on the market before 1 July 2006, to facilitate product lifespan extension.
Affected Products and Actors
Products Covered: Electrical and electronic equipment categories 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 10 as defined in Annex IA of Directive 2002/96/EC (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive), plus electric light bulbs and household luminaires fall within the scope.
Producers: The Directive defines "producer" as any person or entity who:
- Manufactures and sells EEE under their own brand.
- Resells under their own brand equipment produced by others (unless the original producer’s brand is displayed).
- Imports or exports EEE on a professional basis into an EU Member State.
- Financial providers alone are not considered producers unless they also act as such.
Exemptions and Technical Feasibility: Exemptions from substitution are allowed if technically or scientifically impracticable or if substitution would cause greater negative environmental or health impacts than the current substances.
Implementation Timeline
Directive Entry into Force: The Directive entered into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
National Transposition Deadline: Member States were required to transpose the Directive into national law and implement necessary measures by 13 August 2004.
Substance Restriction Effective Date: From 1 July 2006, electrical and electronic equipment placed on the EU market must comply with the substance restrictions outlined.
Review Process:
- By 13 February 2005, the European Commission was tasked to review possible extension of scope and substance list based on new scientific findings.
- Exemptions and substance limits are subject to review at least every four years or upon Commission proposal.
- The Commission conducts ongoing scientific and technical assessments to adapt measures in line with innovation and environmental protection.
Committee Involvement: The Commission is supported by a committee established under Council Directive 75/442/EEC to assist in scientific, technical, and procedural matters related to adaptation and implementation.
This Directive forms the foundation for strict control of hazardous substances in electronic and electrical products across the European Union to ensure safer, environmentally friendlier consumer goods and to facilitate better waste management and recycling practices.
This Directive applies to electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) falling under categories 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 10 as set out in Annex IA to Directive 2002/96/EC, as well as to electric light bulbs and household luminaires. It covers equipment that depends on electric currents or electromagnetic fields to function properly and is designed for use with voltage ratings not exceeding 1000 volts for alternating current and 1500 volts for direct current. The Directive excludes spare parts for the repair or reuse of EEE marketed before 1 July 2006. It is without prejudice to Community legislation on safety, health requirements, and specific waste management laws. The scope encompasses producers who manufacture, sell, or import such EEE professionally within the EU market.
Die Richtlinie 2002/95/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates zielt darauf ab, die Verwendung bestimmter gefährlicher Stoffe in Elektro- und Elektronikgeräten zu beschränken, um den Schutz der menschlichen Gesundheit und der Umwelt zu verbessern. Ab dem 1. Juli 2006 dürfen Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte kein Blei, Quecksilber, Cadmium, sechswertiges Chrom sowie polybromierte Biphenyle (PBB) und Diphenylether (PBDE) enthalten, außer in den im Anhang definierten Ausnahmen. Die Richtlinie harmonisiert die nationalen Vorschriften der Mitgliedstaaten, trägt zur Förderung der umweltgerechten Verwertung und Beseitigung von Elektro-Altgeräten bei und unterstützt dadurch die Funktion des Binnenmarktes. Sie schafft zugleich Anreize zur Entwicklung und Nutzung sicherer Alternativstoffe. Die Kommission überprüft und passt die Liste der verbotenen Stoffe anhand wissenschaftlicher und technischer Fortschritte regelmäßig an. Sanktionen bei Verstößen sind wirksam, verhältnismäßig und abschreckend zu gestalten. Die Richtlinie fördert zudem die Verfügbarkeit von Ersatzteilen für Reparaturen und berücksichtigt bestehende Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsvorschriften sowie Abfallregelungen.
Zweck
Die Richtlinie 2002/95/EG zielt darauf ab, die Verwendung bestimmter gefährlicher Stoffe in Elektro- und Elektronikgeräten innerhalb der Europäischen Union zu beschränken. Dies dient dem Schutz der menschlichen Gesundheit und der Umwelt. Gleichzeitig soll sie Handelshemmnisse und Wettbewerbsverzerrungen innerhalb des Binnenmarktes durch eine Harmonisierung der nationalen Rechtsvorschriften vermeiden. Ein wichtiges Ziel ist auch, die umweltgerechte Verwertung und Beseitigung von Elektro- und Elektronik-Altgeräten zu fördern, indem gefährliche Stoffe wie Blei, Quecksilber, Cadmium, sechswertiges Chrom, polybromierte Biphenyle (PBB) und polybromierte Diphenylether (PBDE) vermieden oder substituiert werden.
Wesentliche Pflichten
- Ab dem 1. Juli 2006 dürfen neu in Verkehr gebrachte Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte diese gefährlichen Stoffe grundsätzlich nicht mehr enthalten.
- Ausnahmen sind in einem Anhang geregelt, der bestimmte erlaubte Verwendungen mit Höchstmengen festlegt (z. B. Quecksilber in Kompaktleuchtstofflampen).
- Die Mitgliedstaaten müssen wirksame, verhältnismäßige und abschreckende Sanktionen bei Verstößen gegen die Richtlinie festlegen.
- Hersteller sind verpflichtet, bei der Planung und Herstellung von Elektro- und Elektronikgeräten diese Stoffe zu vermeiden oder durch sicherere Alternativen zu ersetzen, soweit technisch und wirtschaftlich machbar.
- Anpassungen an wissenschaftlichen und technischen Fortschritt werden durch die Kommission in einem Ausschussverfahren vorgenommen. Dabei wird auch geprüft, ob weitere Stoffe in das Verbot aufgenommen oder Ausnahmen gestrichen werden können.
- Die Mitgliedstaaten müssen die Richtlinie bis spätestens 13. August 2004 in nationales Recht umsetzen und die Kommission darüber informieren.
- Ersatzteile sind weiterhin erhältlich, um Reparatur, Wiederverwendung und Verlängerung der Lebenszeit von Geräten zu ermöglichen.
Betroffene Produkte und Akteure
- Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte, die in bestimmten Kategorien der Richtlinie 2002/96/EG (über Elektro- und Elektronik-Altgeräte) aufgeführt sind, darunter u.a. Haushaltsgeräte, Computer, Telekommunikationsausrüstungen und Beleuchtungskörper.
- Elektrische Glühlampen und Leuchten für Haushalte.
- Hersteller, Importeure und Händler, die Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte in Verkehr bringen, gelten als "Hersteller" im Sinne der Richtlinie.
- Ausgenommen sind Ersatzteile für die Reparatur oder Wiederverwendung von Geräten, die vor dem 1. Juli 2006 in Verkehr gebracht wurden.
- Umweltorganisationen, Recyclingbetriebe und andere Stakeholder werden bei Anpassungsverfahren konsultiert.
Umsetzungszeitplan
- Veröffentlichung: 27. Januar 2003
- Inkrafttreten: am Tag der Veröffentlichung im Amtsblatt der Europäischen Union
- Umsetzung durch die Mitgliedstaaten in nationales Recht: spätestens 13. August 2004
- Verbot der eingeschränkten Stoffe in neu in Verkehr gebrachten Geräten: ab 1. Juli 2006
- Überprüfung und mögliche Erweiterung des Anwendungsbereichs und der Stoffliste: vor dem 13. Februar 2005
- Regelmäßige Überprüfung von Ausnahmen im Anhang mindestens alle vier Jahre
Die Richtlinie sieht ein adaptives Verfahren vor, um mit wissenschaftlichem und technischem Fortschritt Schritt zu halten und den Schutz von Gesundheit und Umwelt kontinuierlich zu verbessern.
Die Richtlinie 2002/95/EG gilt für Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte, die unter die in Anhang IA der Richtlinie 2002/96/EG genannten Kategorien 1 bis 7 und 10 fallen, sowie für elektrische Glühlampen und Leuchten in Haushalten. Sie betrifft Geräte, die elektrische Ströme oder elektromagnetische Felder zur Funktion benötigen, einschließlich Betrieb mit Wechselstrom bis 1000 Volt bzw. Gleichstrom bis 1500 Volt. Ausgenommen sind Ersatzteile für Reparaturen oder Wiederverwendung von Geräten, die vor dem 1. Juli 2006 in Verkehr gebracht wurden. Die Richtlinie gilt unabhängig von Sicherheits-, Gesundheits- und Abfallvorschriften der EU und richtet sich auf die Beschränkung bestimmter gefährlicher Stoffe, wie Blei, Quecksilber, Cadmium, sechswertiges Chrom sowie bestimmte Flammschutzmittel (PBB, PBDE) in diesen Geräten. Ziel ist die Angleichung der nationalen Rechtsvorschriften und der Schutz von Gesundheit und Umwelt sowie die Förderung der umweltgerechten Verwertung und Entsorgung.
La directive 2002/95/CE vise à harmoniser les législations des États membres de l’Union européenne concernant la limitation de l’utilisation de certaines substances dangereuses dans les équipements électriques et électroniques (EEE). Elle interdit à partir du 1er juillet 2006 la mise sur le marché de nouveaux équipements contenant du plomb, mercure, cadmium, chrome hexavalent, polybromobiphényles (PBB) et polybromodiphényléthers (PBDE), substances présentant des risques pour la santé humaine et l’environnement. La directive encourage le remplacement de ces substances par des alternatives plus sûres afin d’améliorer le recyclage et de réduire la pollution liée aux déchets d’EEE. Des exemptions techniques sont prévues lorsque la substitution n’est pas réalisable ou pourrait entraîner des effets négatifs supérieurs aux bénéfices. Elle s’applique aux équipements des catégories principales définies dans la directive 2002/96/CE relative aux déchets d’équipements électriques et électroniques (DEEE), tout en excluant certaines pièces détachées et réutilisations antérieures à 2006. La directive prévoit un réexamen périodique pour adapter la réglementation aux progrès scientifiques et technologiques, assurant ainsi une protection renforcée de la santé publique et de l’environnement.
Objet
La directive 2002/95/CE vise à harmoniser les législations nationales des États membres de l’Union européenne concernant la limitation de l’utilisation de certaines substances dangereuses dans les équipements électriques et électroniques (EEE). Son objectif principal est de protéger la santé humaine, d’améliorer la valorisation et de garantir une élimination non polluante des déchets d’équipements électriques et électroniques (DEEE).
Elle répond à la nécessité d’éviter les entraves commerciales liées à des législations divergentes tout en contribuant à réduire l’impact environnemental des substances toxiques utilisées dans les EEE.
Obligations clés
À partir du 1er juillet 2006, les nouveaux équipements électriques et électroniques mis sur le marché de l’UE ne doivent pas contenir les substances suivantes :
- Plomb (Pb)
- Mercure (Hg)
- Cadmium (Cd)
- Chrome hexavalent (Cr VI)
- Polybromobiphényles (PBB)
- Polybromodiphényléthers (PBDE)
Des exemptions spécifiques à cette interdiction existent, notamment pour certaines applications techniques où le remplacement n’est pas possible ou poserait des risques supérieurs. Ces exemptions sont listées en annexe (exemples : mercure dans certaines lampes fluorescentes, plomb dans certains alliages, traitement de surface au cadmium dans certains cas).
La directive encourage la substitution progressive des substances dangereuses par des alternatives plus sûres, au fur et à mesure que les avancées scientifiques permettent de telles évolutions.
Un comité dédié assiste la Commission européenne pour adapter les exemptions aux progrès scientifiques et techniques, avec des révisions régulières (au moins tous les 4 ans).
Les États membres doivent mettre en place des sanctions effectives, proportionnées et dissuasives pour garantir le respect de la directive.
Il est prévu un réexamen par la Commission avant le 13 février 2005 (réalisé dans la pratique) pour élargir potentiellement le champ d’application et la liste des substances limitées.
Produits et acteurs concernés
Produits
- La directive s’applique aux équipements électriques et électroniques relevant des catégories 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 et 10 définies dans la directive 2002/96/CE relative aux DEEE, ainsi qu’aux ampoules électriques et luminaires domestiques.
- Les équipements doivent être conçus pour fonctionner à une tension ne dépassant pas 1000 volts en courant alternatif et 1500 volts en courant continu.
- Sont exclus les équipements mis sur le marché avant le 1er juillet 2006 ainsi que les pièces détachées destinées à leur réparation.
Acteurs
- Les « producteurs » sont définis comme toute personne qui fabrique ou vend sous sa marque propre des EEE, ou qui importe ou exporte ces équipements à titre professionnel sur le marché de l’UE.
- Le financement exclusif sans implication dans la production n’est pas considéré comme producteur.
- Les États membres doivent assurer la transposition dans leur droit national et surveiller la conformité des acteurs du marché.
Calendrier de mise en œuvre
- Publication et entrée en vigueur : La directive a été publiée le 27 janvier 2003 et est entrée immédiatement en vigueur.
- Transposition par les États membres : Les dispositions nationales conformes devaient être adoptées avant le 13 août 2004.
- Interdiction effective des substances dangereuses : Depuis le 1er juillet 2006, les nouveaux équipements ne peuvent plus contenir les substances listées (hors exemptions).
- Réexamen par la Commission : Avant le 13 février 2005, la Commission devait réévaluer le champ d’application et la liste des substances et, si besoin, proposer des ajustements.
- Révision des exemptions : Au moins tous les quatre ans, la liste des exemptions est réexaminée pour envisager leur suppression en fonction des progrès techniques et scientifiques.
Cette directive est une des initiatives de l’UE visant à réduire l’impact environnemental des DEEE et à encourager le développement d’équipements plus écologiques dans un marché intérieur harmonisé, en s’appuyant sur le principe de précaution et une gestion responsable des substances dangereuses.
La directive 2002/95/CE s'applique aux équipements électriques et électroniques (EEE) relevant des catégories 1 à 7 et la catégorie 10 énumérées à l'annexe I A de la directive 2002/96/CE relative aux déchets d'équipements électriques et électroniques (DEEE), ainsi qu'aux ampoules électriques et luminaires domestiques. Elle concerne les équipements fonctionnant grâce à des courants électriques ou champs électromagnétiques, conçus pour une tension jusqu’à 1000 volts en courant alternatif et 1500 volts en courant continu. La directive vise à limiter l'utilisation de substances dangereuses telles que le plomb, le mercure, le cadmium, le chrome hexavalent, les PBB et PBDE dans ces équipements, dans le but de protéger la santé humaine, faciliter la valorisation et l’élimination non polluante des déchets d’EEE. Elle ne s'applique pas aux pièces détachées destinées à la réparation des équipements mis sur le marché avant le 1er juillet 2006 ni à la réutilisation de ces derniers.
Direktiva 2002/95/ES določa omejitve uporabe nekaterih nevarnih snovi v električni in elektronski opremi, z namenom zaščite zdravja ljudi in okolja ter olajšanja recikliranja odpadne opreme. Od 1. julija 2006 je prepovedana uporaba svinca, živega srebra, kadmija, šestvalentnega kroma, polibromiranih bifenilov (PBB) in polibromiranih difeniletrov (PBDE) v novi električni in elektronski opremi, z določenimi izjemami navedenimi v prilogi. Direktiva spodbuja nadomestitev teh snovi z varnejšimi materiali in predvideva redne preglede in morebitne prilagoditve glede na znanstveni in tehnični napredek. Upoštevajo se tudi varnostne zahteve in posebna zakonodaja o ravnanju z odpadki. Države članice morajo določiti učinkovite, sorazmerne in odvračilne sankcije za kršitev predpisov ter o sprejetih nacionalnih ukrepih obveščati Komisijo. Direktiva pomembno prispeva k harmonizaciji zakonodaje EU na področju varstva okolja in zdravja v zvezi z električno in elektronsko opremo ter ureja trajnostno ravnanje z odpadki.
Namen
Direktiva 2002/95/ES z dne 27. januarja 2003 določa omejitve glede uporabe nekaterih nevarnih snovi v električni in elektronski opremi (EEO). Cilj direktive je:
- približati zakonodaje držav članic na področju omejevanja teh snovi,
- prispevati k varovanju zdravja ljudi in okolja,
- izboljšati predelavo, recikliranje in odstranjevanje odpadne električne in elektronske opreme (OEEO).
S tem se preprečujejo trgovinske ovire in izkrivljanje konkurence v notranjem trgu Evropske unije, hkrati pa zmanjšuje negativen vpliv nevarnih snovi, kot so svinec, živo srebro, kadmij, šestvalentni krom, polibromirani bifenili (PBB) in polibromirani difenileteri (PBDE).
Ključne obveznosti
- Od 1. julija 2006 ne sme biti na trgu nova električna in elektronska oprema, ki vsebuje prej navedene nevarne snovi, razen če so določene izjeme, navedene v prilogi direktive.
- Države članice morajo zagotoviti spoštovanje omenjenih omejitev in določiti sankcije za kršitve, ki morajo biti učinkovite, sorazmerne in odvračilne.
- Direktiva vsebuje možnost prilagoditev znanstvenemu in tehničnemu napredku, vključno z rahlimi spremembami mejnih vrednosti koncentracij nevarnih snovi ali izvzetji materialov in komponent, če je njihova zamenjava tehnično nepraktična ali škodljiva za okolje oziroma zdravje.
- Komisija redno pregleduje direktivo, pri čemer lahko predlaga spremembe in razširitve področja uporabe, posebej upoštevajoč nove znanstvene podatke in načelo previdnosti.
- Proizvajalci so dolžni spoštovati zahteve glede označevanja in nadomeščanja nevarnih snovi.
- Izjeme so dovoljene samo, če ne obstajajo varnejše in tehnično izvedljive alternative ali če bi bila nadomestitev škodljiva za uporabnike ali okolje.
- Ohranitev rezervnih delov za popravilo in ponovno uporabo opreme, ki je bila dane v promet pred 1. julijem 2006.
Vplivni proizvodi in akterji
- Direktiva se nanaša na električno in elektronsko opremo, razvrščeno v kategorije 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 in 10 iz Priloge IA k Direktivi 2002/96/ES o odpadni električni in elektronski opremi, vključno z gospodinjskimi električnimi žarnicami in svetilkami.
- Izvzeta so oprema in rezervni deli za opremo dana v promet pred 1. julijem 2006.
- Proizvajalci (vključno s tistimi, ki prodajajo pod lastno blagovno znamko ali uvažajo opremo) morajo upoštevati direktivo.
- Državne oblasti so zadolžene za implementacijo, nadzor in sankcioniranje.
Časovni okvir izvajanja
- Direktiva je začela veljati na dan objave v Uradnem listu Evropske unije (27. januar 2003).
- Države članice so morale prenesti določbe direktive v nacionalno zakonodajo najkasneje do 13. avgusta 2004.
- Omejitve uporabe nevarnih snovi za novo opremo so začele veljati od 1. julija 2006.
- Komisija je bila dolžna pred 13. februarjem 2005 izvesti pregled direktive in po potrebi predlagati razširitev področja uporabe ali spremembe seznamov snovi.
- Prilagoditve glede tehničnega in znanstvenega napredka se izvajajo sproti, pri čemer se pregledajo izjeme vsaj vsake štiri leta.
- Izjeme glede uporabe nekaterih snovi so omejene s časovnim okvirom (npr. svinec v spajkah za strežnike do leta 2010).
Ta direktiva je pomemben korak v smeri trajnostne proizvodnje in uporabe električne in elektronske opreme, z namenom zmanjšanja škodljivih vplivov na človekovo zdravje in okolje v okviru notranjega trga EU.
Direktiva 2002/95/ES se nanaša na električno in elektronsko opremo, ki spada v kategorije določene v Prilogi IA k Direktivi 2002/96/ES, ter na električne žarnice in svetilke, predvsem v gospodinjstvih. Uporablja se na novo električno in elektronsko opremo, ki je za delovanje odvisna od električnega toka ali elektromagnetnih polj, namenjena za napetostni razred do 1000 V izmeničnega in 1500 V enosmernega toka. Direktiva ne vključuje rezervnih delov za popravila ali opreme za ponovno uporabo, ki so bile dane v promet pred 1. julijem 2006. Namenjena je omejevanju uporabe nevarnih snovi, kot so svinec, živo srebro, kadmij, šestvalentni krom, polibromirani bifenili in difeniletri, z namenom varovanja zdravja ljudi in okolja ter izboljšanja recikliranja odpadne električne in elektronske opreme.
General Information
IEC 62321-3-1:2013 describes the screening analysis of five substances, specifically lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), total chromium (Cr) and total bromine (Br) in uniform materials found in electrotechnical products, using the analytical technique of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-3-2:2013 specifies the screening analysis of the total bromine (Br) in homogeneous materials found in polymers and electronics by using the analytical technique of combustion ion chromatography (C-IC).
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-4:2013 describes the use of four test methods for mercury in polymers, metals and electronics, namely CV-AAS (cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry), CV-AFS (cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry) ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) as well as several procedures for preparing the sample solution from which the most appropriate method of analysis can be selected by experts.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-5:2013 describes the four test methods for lead, cadmium and chromium in polymers, metals and electronics, namely AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry), AFS (atomic fluorescence spectrometry), ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) as well as several procedures for preparing the sample solution from which the most appropriate method of analysis can be selected by experts.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-1:2013 refers to the sample as the object to be processed and measured. The nature of the sample and the manner in which it is acquired is defined by the entity carrying out the tests and not by this standard. It provides guidance on the disassembly procedure employed for obtaining a sample. This first edition of IEC 62321-1 is a partial replacement of IEC 62321, forming a structural revision and replacing Clauses 1 to 4.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-3-2:2013 specifies the screening analysis of the total bromine (Br) in homogeneous materials found in polymers and electronics by using the analytical technique of combustion ion chromatography (C-IC).
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-5:2013 describes the four test methods for lead, cadmium and chromium in polymers, metals and electronics, namely AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry), AFS (atomic fluorescence spectrometry), ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) as well as several procedures for preparing the sample solution from which the most appropriate method of analysis can be selected by experts.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-3-1:2013 describes the screening analysis of five substances, specifically lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), total chromium (Cr) and total bromine (Br) in uniform materials found in electrotechnical products, using the analytical technique of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-4:2013 describes the use of four test methods for mercury in polymers, metals and electronics, namely CV-AAS (cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry), CV-AFS (cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry) ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) as well as several procedures for preparing the sample solution from which the most appropriate method of analysis can be selected by experts.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-1:2013 refers to the sample as the object to be processed and measured. The nature of the sample and the manner in which it is acquired is defined by the entity carrying out the tests and not by this standard. It provides guidance on the disassembly procedure employed for obtaining a sample. This first edition of IEC 62321-1 is a partial replacement of IEC 62321, forming a structural revision and replacing Clauses 1 to 4.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-2:2013 provides strategies of sampling along with the mechanical preparation of samples from electrotechnical products, electronic assemblies and electronic components. These samples can be used for analytical testing to determine the levels of certain substances as described in the test methods in other parts of IEC 62321. Restrictions for substances will vary between geographic regions and from time to time. This Standard describes a generic process for obtaining and preparing samples prior to the determination of any substance which are under concern.
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies the technical documentation that the manufacturer needs to compile in order to declare compliance with the applicable substance restrictions. The documentation of the manufacturer’s management system is outside the scope of this European Standard.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321:2008, which is an International Standard, specifies the determination of the levels of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contained in inorganic and organic compounds, and two types of brominated flame retardants, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) contained in electrotechnical products. This standard refers to the sample as the object to be processed and measured. The nature of the sample and the manner in which it is acquired is defined by the entity carrying out the tests and not by this standard. It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
- Standard112 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-2:2013 provides strategies of sampling along with the mechanical preparation of samples from electrotechnical products, electronic assemblies and electronic components. These samples can be used for analytical testing to determine the levels of certain substances as described in the test methods in other parts of IEC 62321. Restrictions for substances will vary between geographic regions and from time to time. This Standard describes a generic process for obtaining and preparing samples prior to the determination of any substance which are under concern.
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies the technical documentation that the manufacturer needs to compile in order to declare compliance with the applicable substance restrictions. The documentation of the manufacturer’s management system is outside the scope of this European Standard.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321:2008, which is an International Standard, specifies the determination of the levels of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contained in inorganic and organic compounds, and two types of brominated flame retardants, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) contained in electrotechnical products. This standard refers to the sample as the object to be processed and measured. The nature of the sample and the manner in which it is acquired is defined by the entity carrying out the tests and not by this standard. It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
- Standard112 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Frequently Asked Questions
An EU Directive is a legislative act of the European Union that sets out goals that all EU member states must achieve. However, it is up to each member state to devise their own laws on how to reach these goals through national transposition. Directives are used to harmonize laws across the EU, particularly for the functioning of the single market.
Directive 2002/95/EC covers "Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment". There are 16 standards associated with this directive.
Harmonized standards under 2002/95/EC are European standards (ENs) developed by CEN, CENELEC, or ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission. When these standards are cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with them benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of 2002/95/EC, facilitating CE marking and free movement within the European Economic Area.