E06.55 - Performance of Building Enclosures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Exterior wall systems require time to design, fabricate, construct and test. Mockups are generally a full-size representative portion of the proposed exterior wall system built to study proposed construction details, test for performance, and in some cases judge appearance of the exterior wall system. The project schedule shall allow time to design, construct, and test the pre-construction mockup and to implement any design changes, fabrication changes, or modifications of planned construction procedures, before construction of the exterior wall system commences.  
4.2 Performance testing of pre-construction mockups verifies compliance with specified standards and design criteria. Performance tests in separate ASTM or other industry standards, are intended to represent the effects of environmental conditions, such as wind, rain, and temperature extremes. The tests provide a measure of the performance of the proposed exterior wall system under specific and controlled conditions. The specified design and specification of the pre-construction mockup must be appropriate for the performance test requirements. Separate tests may be required for individual mockup materials or components.  
4.3 Pre-construction mockup specimens require input from Specifier, Builder, and Test Agency. Coordination of their efforts facilitates this process. Documentation should convey the results of preconstruction mockups from one party to others at appropriate stages in the process.  
4.4 The referenced standards provided in this practice identify the historical standards typically utilized in pre-construction performance testing. This practice allows for the development and use of other project specific test procedures for various components that encompass exterior wall systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice covers procedures and documentation to assist in the specification and evaluation of pre-construction laboratory mockups of exterior wall systems.  
1.2 This standard practice addresses design and construction of the mockup, observation during mockup construction and testing, evaluation of the mockup test results, and documentation of the mockup and testing process. Coordination is required between the parties involved in the design, construction, and testing of the mockup to facilitate this process. Documentation should convey the results of pre-construction mockups from one party to others at appropriate stages in the process.  
1.3 This standard practice recommends the selection and order of individual tests performed on the mockup in the absence of a specific test order.  
1.4 This standard practice recommends a protocol for exchange of information between participants in the pre-construction mockup process.  
1.5 Responsibility for specific activities is recommended by this practice. This practice is intended to provide a default structure in the absence of the assignment of specific responsibilities by the specifying authority.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The dry indicator used in this test method is so strongly hygroscopic it will change color in a moderate- to high-humidity atmosphere without contacting liquid water. It will also change when in contact with liquid water.  
5.2 This test method is of value for materials that come in contact with water on one face and where it is important to evaluate the length of time for water vapor to pass through the material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time required for water vapor to pass through a sheet membrane in contact with liquid water using the dry-indicator method.  
1.2 The method has been used to evaluate water resistive barriers, flexible flashing and other materials used in building construction in order to measure their resistance to water vapor transmission.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification is limited to vapor permeable flexible sheet materials which are intended to be mechanically attached and are generally installed behind the cladding system in exterior walls.  
1.2 This specification is limited to the evaluation of materials and does not address installed performance. Although the fastening practices (type of fastener, fastening schedule, etc.) may affect the installed function of these materials, they are not included in this specification.  
1.3 This specification does not address integration of the water-resistive barrier with other wall elements. The topic is addressed in more detail in Practice E2112 and Guide E2266.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide may be used by public agencies to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints beyond those specifically defined in the building codes.  
5.2 This guide may be used by building field inspectors as a resource for construction inspection during the construction phase of a project.  
5.3 This guide may be used by private organizations or individuals to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of building walls.  
5.4 This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for making design decisions involving material selection, building wall detailing and specifications.  
5.5 This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for conducting submittal review and construction observation during the construction administration phase of a project.  
5.6 This guide may be used by contractors as a resource and checklist for exercising field quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes design, specification, selection, installation, and inspection of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints of wood and metal frame buildings, typically four stories or less, to minimize water intrusion.  
1.2 This guide does not address prevention of damage caused by water originating from the use of wet building materials or from indoor or outdoor humidity. Water from these sources can be important, and the potential for damage caused by water from these sources must not be overlooked in building design or construction.  
1.3 This guide does not address roofing systems, except when the surface of a deck also serves as a roof and at locations where roof systems interface with building walls.  
1.4 This guide does not address any type of barrier wall system.  
1.5 This guide does not address any exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS).  
1.6 This guide does not address foundation conditions where the bottom of a slab on grade or the grade of a crawl space is at or below the water table or subject to hydrostatic pressure.  
1.7 This guide is intended to supplement and not duplicate building code requirements.  
1.8 Maintenance, although important, is not covered in detail.  
1.9 Application of finishes, such as paint and sealers, may be important in the performance of some types of cladding; however, this is not covered in detail.  
1.10 This guide applies only to constructions with sheathing, which facilitates installation of the water-resistive barrier and associated flashings in a common plane.  
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.12 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.13 Organization of Document:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Guide  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
General Design Principles  
6  
Design Practices  
7  
General Guidelines  
8  
Drainage Walls  
9  
Drainage Walls—General  
9.1  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Portland Cement Plaster (Stucco)  
9.2  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Wood and Wood-Derived Products  
9.3  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Vinyl Siding  
9.4  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Fiber-Cement Siding  
9.5  
Cavity Drainage Walls  
10  
Cavity Drainage Walls—General  
10.1  
Cavity Drainage Wall Cladding—Masonry...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides recommendations for the enclosure commissioning process from its project planning through design, construction and occupancy and operation phases. This guide is intended for various building types. Although Practice E2813 defines two levels of enclosure commissioning, fundamental and enhanced, complex buildings and Owners seeking a higher level of assurance may require more intensified enclosure commissioning than the minimum requirements described in this guide and Practice E2813.13  
5.2 The process uses performance-oriented practices and procedures to verify that the project is achieving the expectations described in the OPR and defined by the contract documents throughout the delivery of the project.  
5.3 The BECx process is recommended to begin during the pre-design phase and continues through the occupancy and operations phase. The process includes specific tasks during each project phase.  
5.4 The commissioning process is outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202. It is recommended that the reader understand the process provided in that document. This standard guide and Practice E2813 provide a specific process related to the building enclosure commissioning.  
5.5 Note that the enclosure commissioning process should not infringe upon the authority or responsibility of the Owner, the project’s designers or contractors. The CxG and BECxG can identify areas of concern relative to the OPR, which are discussed with the Owner and other stakeholders; however it is the Owner who directs the project, Cx team, and BECx team. It is recommended that the BECxP be engaged in pre-design phase to define the scope of BECx so that the Owner’s agreements with the project team (including the contractor) clearly define the scope of contracted tasks that interface with BECx process.  
5.6 BECx does not replace a traditional design/construction process but is meant to enhance and be an integral part of that process by validating the design and verifyi...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This guide provides procedures, methods and documentation techniques that may be used in the application of the building enclosure commissioning (BECx) process. This guide is complementary to Practice E2813 and is aligned with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and ASHRAE Guideline 0.  
1.2 Extent—The process outlined in this standard guide applies to each building delivery phase from pre-design through occupancy and operation. The specific application of this guide may vary to suit the Owner, the project delivery method and the building project as described in the Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR), and as defined by the contract documents.  
1.3 Primary Focus—The primary focus of this process includes, but may not be limited to, new construction of building enclosures, existing building enclosures undergoing substantial renovation or alteration, and continuous commissioning of enclosure systems.  
1.4 Contractual and Regulatory Obligations—The methods described in this guide are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor to alter the roles, responsibilities and duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) C...

SCOPE
1.1 This guide consists of symbols and notations pertaining to documenting deficient conditions observed during facade inspections.  
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide a quick shorthand, notation system that will serve as a uniform system for facade inspectors to record their observations on existing elevation drawings or photographs, or both, of existing building facades.  
1.3 This guide is not intended to be used to record or document a diagnosis for the particular symptom.  
1.4 Notations are listed in alphabetical order. Compound terms appear as per the first word as spoken.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide may be used by design professionals and others in the building construction industry to provide factual support for professional judgment of materials, products, or systems during the design development of new and remedial building exterior enclosure construction.  
4.2 This guide is intended to provide guidance to the user of this standard in the evaluation and qualification of materials, products, or systems with which they do not have substantial, long-term experience or that are intended to be employed in a new or different manner. The standard may be used to investigate and assess the probable performance of such materials, products, or systems in relation to the proposed use on or as part of a building exterior enclosure.  
4.3 The procedures outlined in Section 5 will help guide the user in making informed selections based on the materials, products, or systems performance history on constructed projects and provide information on limitations of use, the manufacturer’s performance history, and current status. The use of this guide will reduce, but not eliminate, the risk of in-service performance problems with materials, products, or systems.  
4.4 The procedures listed in this guide are intended for use in selecting materials, products, or systems that are critical to the safety, function, or serviceability of a building, or where they constitute substantial components of the work. The recommendations in this guide are not applicable to all materials, products, or systems that can be incorporated in buildings. The user must exercise appropriate judgment and care regarding the need when applying the various procedures included in this guide, including the use of the form included in Appendix X1, with regard to particular materials, products, or systems, and specific buildings. Materials, products, or systems that will be used for a noncritical or incidental use usually do not require an exhaustive evaluation. Materials, products, or systems ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers guidance to design professionals in the evaluation of materials, products, or systems with which they are not familiar and to help determine that the selected materials, products, or systems are suitable for use on or as a part of a building’s exterior enclosure.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to provide building professionals with a comprehensive methodology for evaluating water leakage through walls. It addresses the performance expectations and service history of a wall, the various components of a wall, and the interaction between these components and adjacent construction. It is not intended as a construction quality control procedure, nor as a preconstruction qualification procedure. It is intended for evaluating buildings that exhibit water leakage.  
4.1.1 Qualifications—This guide requires the evaluator to possess a knowledge of basic physics and of construction and wall design principles and practices.  
4.1.2 Application—The sequential activities described herein are intended to produce a complete and comprehensive evaluation program, but all activities may not be applicable or necessary for a particular evaluation program. It is the responsibility of the professional using this guide to determine the activities and sequence necessary to properly perform an appropriate leakage evaluation for a specific building.  
4.1.3 Preliminary Assessment—A preliminary assessment may indicate that water leakage problems are limited to a specific element or portion of a wall. The preliminary assessment may also indicate that the wall is not the source of a leak even though it is perceived as such by the building occupant. The presence of water might result from a roofing problem, a condensation problem, a plumbing problem, operable windows or doors left opened or unlatched or some other condition not directly related to water leakage through the building wall and is outside the scope of this guide. The evaluation of causes may likewise be limited in scope, and the procedures recommended herein abridged according to the professional judgement of the evaluator. A statement stipulating the limits of the investigation should be included in the report.  
4.1.4 Expectations—Expectations about the overall effectiveness of an evaluatio...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes methods for determining and evaluating causes of water leakage of exterior walls. For this purpose, water penetration is considered leakage, and therefore problematic, if it exceeds the planned resistance or temporary retention and drainage capacity of the wall, is causing or is likely to cause premature deterioration of a building or its contents, or is adversely affecting the performance of other components. A wall is considered a system including its exterior and interior finishes, fenestration, structural components, and components for maintaining the building interior environment.  
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—Solely inch-pound units are stated in 10.3.1, 10.3.2.1, X1.5.3.7, X2.5.1.3, X3.4.3.3, X5.1.2.2, X5.5.5, X5.6.3, and X8.5.1.3.  
1.4 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. Establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures which typically are associated with the work described in this guide.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of Internat...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to assist the construction team in evaluating the constructability, functionality, sequence of construction, interference, tolerances, component performance, and assembled system performance of the exterior wall systems.  
4.2 This guide does not establish specific roles for the parties involved during construction or the contractual obligations of those parties. The role of each party within any specific project should be established and documented before the start of the project.  
4.3 This guide is intended for use when specifying construction mockups that are either integrated mockups or off-structure mockups.  
4.4 This guide is intended to aid the specifier in the development of a QA mockup program for assessing the performance of exterior walls. It is not intended to provide a comprehensive list of applicable test methods for QA testing available or applicable to a mockup program.  
4.5 This guide does not address preconstruction laboratory testing of a wall system.  
4.6 This guide is intended to address technical issues with the performance of the wall system and the interconnection of the various components and systems. A mockup may or may not be used as an aesthetic mockup; however, this guide is not intended to address aesthetic issues with the wall system.  
4.7 This guide is not intended to provide guidance for construction observation services. However, the mockup may be useful to inform inspectors of the intended construction, sequence, materials, and interface conditions encountered on the project and serve as a standard of quality to which the remainder of construction can be compared.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information to assist in the specification, design, and performance testing of field-constructed exterior wall assemblies (“mockups”) for construction projects. This includes testing procedures appropriate to evaluate the component and assembly performance for water penetration resistance, air leakage resistance, and other test methods that may be applied as part of the quality assurance (QA) program for the installed systems.  
1.2 This guide is intended to be applied to exterior wall mockups that include components, systems, and assemblies including, but not limited to, curtain walls, windows, doors, masonry walls, precast concrete, cast-in-place concrete, exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS), roofing interfaces, stucco, wood siding, metal panels, sealants, appurtenances, penetrations, louvers, and combinations thereof. Such mockups are expected to include the intersection between wall systems.  
1.3 This guide is not intended to provide a comprehensive list of potential testing that may be applicable to field-constructed mockups. Additional tests may be applicable to mockups for specific projects.  
1.4 This guide is not intended to address all possible project delivery methods and as such the requirements listed herein must be evaluated by the specifier for appropriateness with the delivery method.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to provide building professionals with a methodology for conducting periodic condition assessments of building facades, for the purpose of determining if conditions exist in the subject facades that represent hazards to persons or property. It addresses the performance expectations and service history of a facade, the various components of a facade, and the interaction between these components and adjacent construction to provide a stable and reliable enclosure system. This guide was written as a parallel document to Practice E2270 as well as potential uses in conducting facade inspections as required by authorities having jurisdiction. Practice E2270 is written in the imperative form as a Standard Practice and is designed for adoption by specifying authorities. This guide is intended as a dissemination of explicit knowledge gained from experience of conducting periodic facade inspections. Implicit in this guide are general facade inspection techniques that have been tailored for periodic inspections. These tips and techniques are shared to provide a comprehensive template from which a facade inspection program can be tailored.  
4.1.1 Qualifications—Use of this guide requires knowledge of basic physics, construction and building exterior wall design principles and practices.  
4.1.2 Application—The sequential activities described herein are intended to produce a complete and comprehensive evaluation program, but all activities may not be applicable or necessary for a particular evaluation program. It is the responsibility of the professional using this guide to determine the activities and sequence necessary to perform an appropriate condition assessment for a specific building properly.  
4.1.3 Preliminary Assessment—A preliminary assessment may indicate that localized conditions in a wall system exist which are limited to a specific element or portion of a wall. The evaluation of causes may likewise be limited in scope, and the proce...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to establish procedures and methodologies for conducting inspections of building facades including those that meet inspection criteria for compliance with Practice E2270 as well as potential uses in conducting facade inspections as required by authorities having jurisdiction. For the purposes outlined in this guide, unsafe conditions are hazards which could result from loss of facade materials.  
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for aboveground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures that typically are associated with the work described in this standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Intent—This standard practice is intended to establish the minimum requirements for conducting periodic inspections of building facades to identify unsafe conditions that could cause harm to persons and property. It addresses the required content of the facade inspection to convey to the specifying authority the condition of the facade and allow comparisons of facade conditions at other times. Facade Inspection reports conducted and prepared as outlined in this standard practice will provide specifying authorities the information necessary to mitigate the threat of harm, injury, damage, or loss to persons or property from unsafe conditions on subject facades.  
4.2 Need for Periodic Facade Inspections—Due to age, lack of maintenance, design or construction errors, or a combination of these factors, building facades deteriorate. Based on the knowledge gained about the performance of building facades through investigation and research, governing authorities, owners, and qualified professionals are becoming more aware of potential unsafe conditions on building facades that if unaddressed, can jeopardize public safety and surrounding properties.  
4.3 Facade Service History—Facades require periodic maintenance and repairs to extend their useful life and to minimize and/or correct problems. As a part of any facade inspection, facade service history shall be reviewed because: (1) it may indicate patterns of leakage or other performance problems leading to concealed damage and an unsafe condition; (2) it may show a poorly conceived or improperly implemented maintenance or repair procedure that can contribute and aggravate unsafe conditions; and (3) it is necessary to distinguish between original construction and subsequent repairs or modifications during the inspection process and help identify the source of potential problems.  
4.4 Who Shall Perform the Inspection—Facade inspection shall be performed by a qualified inspector familiar with the available service his...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice covers methods and procedures for inspection, evaluation, and reporting for periodic inspection of building facades for unsafe conditions. In the context of this practice, unsafe conditions are hazards caused by or resulting from loss of facade material.  
1.2 This standard practice does not purport to address the nature of deterioration of various building facade materials nor the performance of their assemblies. It is the responsibility of the owner to retain a qualified professional who can demonstrate expertise in the evaluation of various facade materials and their assemblies.  
1.3 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the qualified professional to anticipate, advise on the nature of procedures, and to plan for implementing repair as necessary.  
1.4 It is the responsibility of the specifying authority to establish the usage of this standard practice and to supplement this practice with additional requirements suitable to its local jurisdiction. It is also the responsibility of the specifying authority to determine compliance with local licensing regulations and customary practices.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on facades and destructive investi...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements and corresponding test methods for manufactured polymeric materials used to provide a rainscreen function, a means for the drainage of liquid moisture and the ventilation of vapor moisture that enters an above-grade exterior wall assembly. Rainscreen materials that conform to this specification are intended to be used behind exterior cladding products and to cover the entire wall area that is designed to provide a rainscreen function to resist water infiltration. Three types of rainscreen materials are addressed: Type A (entangled mesh materials), Type B (formed/textured sheet material), and Type C (formed battens). This specification also covers descriptions of the materials and material composition; material properties and material performance requirements; specimen preparation; reporting requirements; marking and labeling; and packaging and package marking. A table presents the requirements for ventilation/airflow, drainage, thickness, compression, strength, UV exposure, heat aging, mold/fungal growth, and water exposure.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is applicable to manufactured polymeric materials used to provide a rainscreen function, a means for the drainage of liquid moisture and the ventilation of vapor moisture that enters an above-grade exterior wall assembly. Rainscreen materials that comply with this specification are intended to be used behind exterior cladding products and intended to cover one hundred percent (100 %) of the wall area that is designed to provide a rainscreen function to resist water infiltration.  
1.2 This specification addresses the following types of rainscreen materials:  
1.2.1 Type A—entangled mesh materials.  
1.2.2 Type B—formed/textured sheet material.  
1.2.3 Type C—formed battens.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 This practice is intended to serve as a concise, authoritative, and technically sound practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) that is based upon:  
6.1.1 The Owner Project Requirements;  
6.1.2 Clearly defined and enforceable levels of BECx; and  
6.1.3 Minimum core competencies required of the BECxP and associated service-providers28 (see 4.2) to qualify as Fundamental or Enhanced BECx under this practice.  
6.2 This practice is suitable for use as an independently applied standard for new buildings and structures, or as part of a more broadly based Total (or “Whole”) Building Commissioning Program.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a concise, authoritative, and technically sound practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) that establishes two levels of BECx: Fundamental and Enhanced (refer also to Section 4).  
1.2 The BECx process as defined in this practice includes the following phases and sub-phases:  
1.2.1 Pre-design,  
1.2.2 Design,
1.2.2.1 Schematic Design,
1.2.2.2 Design Development,
1.2.2.3 Construction Documentation,  
1.2.3 Bidding and Negotiation Phase,  
1.2.4 Construction,
1.2.4.1 Pre-Construction,
1.2.4.2 Construction Administration, and  
1.2.5 Occupancy and Operations.  
1.3 This practice includes a mandatory OPR Development Guideline (Annex A1) and requires the development of an OPR for both Fundamental and Enhanced BECx that addresses, at a minimum, the performance attributes and metrics included in Annex A1 of this practice.  
1.4 This practice includes mandatory BECx Performance Testing Requirements (Annex A2) approved for use with this practice to evaluate the performance and durability of enclosure materials, components, systems, and assemblies.  
1.5 This practice mandates independent design review during the Design Phase of both Fundamental and Enhanced BECx.  
1.6 This practice recognizes that the OPR for exterior enclosure performance and environmental separation may exceed the baseline requirements of applicable building codes and standards and provides guidance for the development of an OPR based on the following attributes as defined in Annex A1 of this practice:  
1.6.1 Energy,  
1.6.2 Environment,  
1.6.3 Safety,  
1.6.4 Security,  
1.6.5 Durability,  
1.6.6 Sustainability, and  
1.6.7 Operation.  
1.7 The terms “building enclosure” and “enclosure” as they appear in this practice refer collectively to all materials, components, systems, and assemblies intended to provide shelter and environmental separation between interior and exterior, or between two or more environmentally distinct interior spaces in a building or structure.  
1.8 This practice establishes that the Building Enclosure Commissioning Provider (BECxP) refers specifically to the individual retained by the Owner to develop, manage, and be in responsible charge of the BECx process, including individual members and technical specialists that may comprise the BECx group (see 4.2).  
1.9 The role and responsibilities of the BECxP as defined by this practice are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor the duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.10 This practice is not intended to warrant or otherwise guarantee the as-built or in-service durability, or both, and performance of enclosure materials, components, systems, and assemblies.  
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to e...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide may be used by public agencies to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints beyond those specifically defined in the building codes.  
5.2 This guide may be used by building field inspectors as a resource for construction inspection during the construction phase of a project.  
5.3 This guide may be used by private organizations or individuals to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of building walls.  
5.4 This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for making design decisions involving material selection, building wall detailing and specifications.  
5.5 This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for conducting submittal review and construction observation during the construction administration phase of a project.  
5.6 This guide may be used by contractors as a resource and checklist for exercising field quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes design, specification, selection, installation, and inspection of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints of wood and metal frame buildings, typically four stories or less, to minimize water intrusion.  
1.2 This guide does not address prevention of damage caused by water originating from the use of wet building materials or from indoor or outdoor humidity. Water from these sources can be important, and the potential for damage caused by water from these sources must not be overlooked in building design or construction.  
1.3 This guide does not address roofing systems, except when the surface of a deck also serves as a roof and at locations where roof systems interface with building walls.  
1.4 This guide does not address any type of barrier wall system.  
1.5 This guide does not address any exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS).  
1.6 This guide does not address foundation conditions where the bottom of a slab on grade or the grade of a crawl space is at or below the water table or subject to hydrostatic pressure.  
1.7 This guide is intended to supplement and not duplicate building code requirements.  
1.8 Maintenance, although important, is not covered in detail.  
1.9 Application of finishes, such as paint and sealers, may be important in the performance of some types of cladding; however, this is not covered in detail.  
1.10 This guide applies only to constructions with sheathing, which facilitates installation of the water-resistive barrier and associated flashings in a common plane.  
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.12 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.13 Organization of Document:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Guide  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
General Design Principles  
6  
Design Practices  
7  
General Guidelines  
8  
Drainage Walls  
9  
Drainage Walls—General  
9.1  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Portland Cement Plaster (Stucco)  
9.2  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Wood and Wood-Derived Products  
9.3  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Vinyl Siding  
9.4  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Fiber-Cement Siding  
9.5  
Cavity Drainage Walls  
10  
Cavity Drainage Walls—General  
10.1  
Cavity Drainage Wall Cladding—Masonry...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides recommendations for the enclosure commissioning process from its project planning through design, construction and occupancy and operation phases. This guide is intended for various building types. Although Practice E2813 defines two levels of enclosure commissioning, fundamental and enhanced, complex buildings and Owners seeking a higher level of assurance may require more intensified enclosure commissioning than the minimum requirements described in this guide and Practice E2813.13  
5.2 The process uses performance-oriented practices and procedures to verify that the project is achieving the expectations described in the OPR and defined by the contract documents throughout the delivery of the project.  
5.3 The BECx process is recommended to begin during the pre-design phase and continues through the occupancy and operations phase. The process includes specific tasks during each project phase.  
5.4 The commissioning process is outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202. It is recommended that the reader understand the process provided in that document. This standard guide and Practice E2813 provide a specific process related to the building enclosure commissioning.  
5.5 Note that the enclosure commissioning process should not infringe upon the authority or responsibility of the Owner, the project’s designers or contractors. The CxG and BECxG can identify areas of concern relative to the OPR, which are discussed with the Owner and other stakeholders; however it is the Owner who directs the project, Cx team, and BECx team. It is recommended that the BECxP be engaged in pre-design phase to define the scope of BECx so that the Owner’s agreements with the project team (including the contractor) clearly define the scope of contracted tasks that interface with BECx process.  
5.6 BECx does not replace a traditional design/construction process but is meant to enhance and be an integral part of that process by validating the design and verifyi...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This guide provides procedures, methods and documentation techniques that may be used in the application of the building enclosure commissioning (BECx) process. This guide is complementary to Practice E2813 and is aligned with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and ASHRAE Guideline 0.  
1.2 Extent—The process outlined in this standard guide applies to each building delivery phase from pre-design through occupancy and operation. The specific application of this guide may vary to suit the Owner, the project delivery method and the building project as described in the Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR), and as defined by the contract documents.  
1.3 Primary Focus—The primary focus of this process includes, but may not be limited to, new construction of building enclosures, existing building enclosures undergoing substantial renovation or alteration, and continuous commissioning of enclosure systems.  
1.4 Contractual and Regulatory Obligations—The methods described in this guide are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor to alter the roles, responsibilities and duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) C...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide may be used by public agencies to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints beyond those specifically defined in the building codes.  
5.2 This guide may be used by building field inspectors as a resource for construction inspection during the construction phase of a project.  
5.3 This guide may be used by private organizations or individuals to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of building walls.  
5.4 This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for making design decisions involving material selection, building wall detailing and specifications.  
5.5 This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for conducting submittal review and construction observation during the construction administration phase of a project.  
5.6 This guide may be used by contractors as a resource and checklist for exercising field quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes design, specification, selection, installation, and inspection of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints of wood and metal frame buildings, typically four stories or less, to minimize water intrusion.  
1.2 This guide does not address prevention of damage caused by water originating from the use of wet building materials or from indoor or outdoor humidity. Water from these sources can be important, and the potential for damage caused by water from these sources must not be overlooked in building design or construction.  
1.3 This guide does not address roofing systems, except when the surface of a deck also serves as a roof and at locations where roof systems interface with building walls.  
1.4 This guide does not address any type of barrier wall system.  
1.5 This guide does not address any exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS).  
1.6 This guide does not address foundation conditions where the bottom of a slab on grade or the grade of a crawl space is at or below the water table or subject to hydrostatic pressure.  
1.7 This guide is intended to supplement and not duplicate building code requirements.  
1.8 Maintenance, although important, is not covered in detail.  
1.9 Application of finishes, such as paint and sealers, may be important in the performance of some types of cladding; however, this is not covered in detail.  
1.10 This guide applies only to constructions with sheathing, which facilitates installation of the weather-resistive barrier and associated flashings in a common plane.  
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.12 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.13 Organization of Document:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Guide  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
General Design Principles  
6  
Design Practices  
7  
General Guidelines  
8  
Drainage Walls  
9  
Drainage Walls—General  
9.1  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Portland Cement Plaster (Stucco)  
9.2  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Wood and Wood-Derived Products  
9.3  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Vinyl Siding  
9.4  
Drainage Wall Cladding—Fiber-Cement Siding  
9.5  
Cavity Drainage Walls  
10  
Cavity Drainage Walls—General  
10.1  
Cavity Drainage Wall Cladding—Mason...

SCOPE
1.1 This specification is applicable to manufactured polymeric materials used to provide a rainscreen function, a means for the drainage of liquid moisture and the ventilation of vapor moisture that enters an above-grade exterior wall assembly. Rainscreen materials that comply with this specification are intended to be used behind exterior cladding products and intended to cover one hundred percent (100 %) of the wall area that is designed to provide a rainscreen function to resist water infiltration.  
1.2 This specification addresses the following types of rainscreen materials:  
1.2.1 Type A—entangled mesh materials.  
1.2.2 Type B—formed/textured sheet material.  
1.2.3 Type C—formed battens.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to provide building professionals with a comprehensive methodology for evaluating water leakage through walls. It addresses the performance expectations and service history of a wall, the various components of a wall, and the interaction between these components and adjacent construction. It is not intended as a construction quality control procedure, nor as a preconstruction qualification procedure. It is intended for evaluating buildings that exhibit water leakage.  
4.1.1 Qualifications—This guide requires the evaluator to possess a knowledge of basic physics and of construction and wall design principles and practices.  
4.1.2 Application—The sequential activities described herein are intended to produce a complete and comprehensive evaluation program, but all activities may not be applicable or necessary for a particular evaluation program. It is the responsibility of the professional using this guide to determine the activities and sequence necessary to properly perform an appropriate leakage evaluation for a specific building.  
4.1.3 Preliminary Assessment—A preliminary assessment may indicate that water leakage problems are limited to a specific element or portion of a wall. The preliminary assessment may also indicate that the wall is not the source of a leak even though it is perceived as such by the building occupant. The presence of water might result from a roofing problem, a condensation problem, a plumbing problem, operable windows or doors left opened or unlatched or some other condition not directly related to water leakage through the building wall and is outside the scope of this guide. The evaluation of causes may likewise be limited in scope, and the procedures recommended herein abridged according to the professional judgement of the evaluator. A statement stipulating the limits of the investigation should be included in the report.  
4.1.4 Expectations—Expectations about the overall effectiveness of an evaluatio...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes methods for determining and evaluating causes of water leakage of exterior walls. For this purpose, water penetration is considered leakage, and therefore problematic, if it exceeds the planned resistance or temporary retention and drainage capacity of the wall, is causing or is likely to cause premature deterioration of a building or its contents, or is adversely affecting the performance of other components. A wall is considered a system including its exterior and interior finishes, fenestration, structural components, and components for maintaining the building interior environment.  
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.  
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. Establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures which typically are associated with the work described in this guide.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide may be used by design professionals and others in the building construction industry to provide factual support for professional judgment of materials, products, or systems during the design development of new and remedial exterior building wall construction.  
4.2 This guide is intended to provide guidance to the user of this standard in the evaluation and qualification of materials, products, or systems with which they do not have substantial, long-term experience or that are intended to be employed in a new or different manner. The standard may be used to investigate and assess the probable performance of such materials, products, or systems in relation to the proposed use on or as part of an exterior building wall.  
4.3 The procedures outlined in Section 5 will help guide the user in making informed selections based on the materials, products, or systems performance history on constructed projects and provide information on limitations of use, the manufacturer's performance history, and current status. The use of this guide will reduce, but not eliminate, the risk of in-service performance problems with materials, products, or systems.  
4.4 The procedures listed in this standard are intended for use in selecting materials, products, or systems that are critical to the safety, function, or serviceability of a building, or where they constitute substantial components of the work. The recommendations in this guide are not applicable to all materials, products, or systems that can be incorporated in buildings. The user must exercise appropriate judgment and care regarding the need when applying the various procedures included in this guide, including the use of the form included in Appendix X1, with regard to particular materials, products, or systems, and specific buildings. Materials, products, or systems that will be used for a noncritical or incidental use usually do not require an exhaustive evaluation. Materials, products, or systems with w...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers guidance to design professionals in the evaluation of materials, products, or systems with which they are not familiar and to help determine that the selected materials, products, or systems are suitable for use on or as a part of an exterior building wall.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification is applicable to manufactured polymeric materials used to provide a rainscreen function, a means for the drainage of liquid moisture and the ventilation of vapor moisture that enters an above-grade exterior wall assembly. Rainscreen materials that comply with this specification are intended to be used behind exterior cladding products and intended to cover one hundred percent (100 %) of the wall area that is designed to provide a rainscreen function to resist water infiltration.  
1.2 This specification addresses the following types of rainscreen materials:  
1.2.1 Type A—entangled mesh materials.  
1.2.2 Type B—formed/textured sheet material.  
1.2.3 Type C—formed battens.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification is limited to vapor permeable flexible sheet materials which are intended to be mechanically attached and are generally installed behind the cladding system in exterior walls.  
1.2 This specification is limited to the evaluation of materials and does not address installed performance. Although the fastening practices (type of fastener, fastening schedule, etc.) may affect the installed function of these materials, they are not included in this specification.  
1.3 This specification does not address integration of the water-resistive barrier with other wall elements. The topic is addressed in more detail in Practice E2112 and Guide E2266.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides recommendations for the enclosure commissioning process from its project planning through design, construction and occupancy and operation phases. This guide is intended for various building types. Although Practice E2813 defines two levels of enclosure commissioning, fundamental and enhanced, complex buildings and Owners seeking a higher level of assurance may require more intensified enclosure commissioning than the minimum requirements described in this guide and Practice E2813.8  
5.2 The process uses performance-oriented practices and procedures to verify that the project is achieving the OPR throughout the delivery of the project.  
5.3 The BECx process is recommended to begin during the predesign phase and continues through the occupancy and operations phase. The process includes specific tasks during each project phase.  
5.4 The commissioning process is outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202. It is recommended that the reader understand and comprehend the base process provided in that document. This standard guide and Practice E2813 provide a specific process related to the building enclosure commissioning.  
5.5 Note that the enclosure commissioning process should not infringe upon the authority or responsibility of the Owner, the project’s designers or contractors. The BECxS, BECxP and CxA can identify areas of concern relative to the Owner’s Project Requirements which are discussed with the Owner and other stakeholders; however it is the Owner who directs the project and BECx teams. It is recommended that the BECxP be engaged in predesign phase to define the scope of BECx so that the Owner’s agreements with the project team (including the contractor) clearly define the scope of contracted tasks that interface with BECx process.  
5.6 Enclosure commissioning does not replace a traditional design/construction process but is meant to enhance and be an integral part of that process by validating the design and verifying the con...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This guide provides procedures, methods and documentation techniques that may be used in the application of the building enclosure commissioning (BECx) process. This guide is complementary to Practice E2813 and is aligned with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and ASHRAE Guideline 0.  
1.2 Extent—The process outlined in this standard guide applies to each building delivery phase from pre-design through Owner occupancy and operation. The specific application of this guide may vary to suit the Owner, the project delivery method and the building project as outlined in the Owner‘s Project Requirements (OPR).  
1.3 Primary Focus—The primary focus of this process includes, but may not be limited to, new construction of building enclosures, existing building enclosures undergoing substantial renovation or alteration, and continuous commissioning of enclosure systems.  
1.4 Contractual and Regulatory Obligations—The methods described in this guide are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor to alter the roles, responsibilities and duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides recommendations for the enclosure commissioning process from its project planning through design, construction and occupancy and operation phases. This guide is intended for various building types. Although Practice E2813 defines two levels of enclosure commissioning, fundamental and enhanced, complex buildings and Owners seeking a higher level of assurance may require more intensified enclosure commissioning than the minimum requirements described in this guide and Practice E2813.8  
5.2 The process uses performance-oriented practices and procedures to verify that the project is achieving the OPR throughout the delivery of the project.  
5.3 The BECx process is recommended to begin during the predesign phase and continues through the occupancy and operations phase. The process includes specific tasks during each project phase.  
5.4 The commissioning process is outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202. It is recommended that the reader understand and comprehend the base process provided in that document. This standard guide and Practice E2813 provide a specific process related to the building enclosure commissioning.  
5.5 Note that the enclosure commissioning process should not infringe upon the authority or responsibility of the Owner, the project’s designers or contractors. The BECxS, BECxP and CxA can identify areas of concern relative to the Owner’s Project Requirements which are discussed with the Owner and other stakeholders; however it is the Owner who directs the project and BECx teams. It is recommended that the BECxP be engaged in predesign phase to define the scope of BECx so that the Owner’s agreements with the project team (including the contractor) clearly define the scope of contracted tasks that interface with BECx process.  
5.6 Enclosure commissioning does not replace a traditional design/construction process but is meant to enhance and be an integral part of that process by validating the design and verifying the con...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This guide provides procedures, methods and documentation techniques that may be used in the application of the building enclosure commissioning (BECx) process. This guide is complementary to Practice E2813 and is aligned with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and ASHRAE Guideline 0.  
1.2 Extent—The process outlined in this standard guide applies to each building delivery phase from pre-design through Owner occupancy and operation. The specific application of this guide may vary to suit the Owner, the project delivery method and the building project as outlined in the Owner‘s Project Requirements (OPR).  
1.3 Primary Focus—The primary focus of this process includes, but may not be limited to, new construction of building enclosures, existing building enclosures undergoing substantial renovation or alteration, and continuous commissioning of enclosure systems.  
1.4 Contractual and Regulatory Obligations—The methods described in this guide are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor to alter the roles, responsibilities and duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The dry indicator used in this test method is so strongly hygroscopic it will change color in a moderate- to high-humidity atmosphere without contacting liquid water. It will also change when in contact with liquid water.  
5.2 This test method is of value for materials that come in contact with water on one face and where it is important to evaluate the length of time for water vapor to pass through the material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time required for water vapor to pass through a sheet membrane in contact with liquid water using the dry-indicator method.  
1.2 The method has been used to evaluate water resistive barriers, flexible flashing and other materials used in building construction in order to measure their resistance to water vapor transmission.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide consists of symbols and notations pertaining to documenting deficient conditions observed during facade inspections.  
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide a quick shorthand, notation system that will serve as a uniform system for facade inspectors to record their observations on existing elevation drawings or photographs, or both, of existing building facades.  
1.3 This guide is not intended to be used to record or document a diagnosis for the particular symptom.  
1.4 Notations are listed in alphabetical order. Compound terms appear as per the first word as spoken.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides recommendations for the enclosure commissioning process from its project planning through design, construction and occupancy and operation phases. This guide is intended for various building types. Although Practice E2813 defines two levels of commissioning, fundamental and enhanced, complex buildings and Owners seeking a higher level of assurance may require more intensified commissioning than the minimum requirements described in this guide and Practice E2813.8  
5.2 The process uses performance-oriented practices and procedures to verify that the project is achieving the OPR throughout the delivery of the project.  
5.3 The BECx process is recommended to begin during the predesign phase and continues through the occupancy and operations phase. The process includes specific tasks during each project phase.  
5.4 The commissioning process is outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202. It is recommended that the reader understand and comprehend the base process provided in that document. This standard guide and Practice E2813 provide a specific process related to the building enclosure commissioning.  
5.5 Note that the commissioning process should not infringe upon the authority or responsibility of the Owner, the project’s designers or contractors. The BECxS, BECxP and CxA can identify areas of concern relative to the Owner’s Project Requirements which are discussed with the Owner and other stakeholders; however it is the Owner who directs the project and BECx teams. It is recommended that the BECxP be engaged in predesign phase to define the scope of commissioning so that the Owner’s agreements with the project team (including the contractor) clearly define the scope of contracted tasks that interface with commissioning process.  
5.6 Commissioning does not replace a traditional design/construction process but is meant to enhance and be an integral part of that process by validating the design and verifying the construction meets the re...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This guide provides procedures, methods and documentation techniques that may be used in the application of the building enclosure commissioning (BECx) process. This guide is complementary to Practice E2813 and is aligned with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and ASHRAE Guideline 0.  
1.2 Extent—The process outlined in this standard guide applies to each building delivery phase from pre-design through Owner occupancy and operation. The specific application of this guide may vary to suit the Owner, the project delivery method and the building project as outlined in the Owner‘s Project Requirements (OPR).  
1.3 Primary Focus—The primary focus of this process includes, but may not be limited to, new construction of building enclosures, existing building enclosures undergoing substantial renovation or alteration, and continuous commissioning of enclosure systems.  
1.4 Contractual and Regulatory Obligations—The methods described in this guide are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor to alter the roles, responsibilities and duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides recommendations for the enclosure commissioning process from its project planning through design, construction and occupancy and operation phases. This guide is intended for various building types. Although Practice E2813 defines two levels of commissioning, fundamental and enhanced, complex buildings and Owners seeking a higher level of assurance may require more intensified commissioning than the minimum requirements described in this guide and Practice E2813.8  
5.2 The process uses performance-oriented practices and procedures to verify that the project is achieving the OPR throughout the delivery of the project.  
5.3 The BECx process is recommended to begin during the predesign phase and continues through the occupancy and operations phase. The process includes specific tasks during each project phase.  
5.4 The commissioning process is outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202. It is recommended that the reader understand and comprehend the base process provided in that document. This standard guide and Practice E2813 provide a specific process related to the building enclosure commissioning.  
5.5 Note that the commissioning process should not infringe upon the authority or responsibility of the Owner, the project’s designers or contractors. The BECxS, BECxP and CxA can identify areas of concern relative to the Owner’s Project Requirements which are discussed with the Owner and other stakeholders; however it is the Owner who directs the project and BECx teams. It is recommended that the BECxP be engaged in predesign phase to define the scope of commissioning so that the Owner’s agreements with the project team (including the contractor) clearly define the scope of contracted tasks that interface with commissioning process.  
5.6 Commissioning does not replace a traditional design/construction process but is meant to enhance and be an integral part of that process by validating the design and verifying the construction meets the re...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This guide provides procedures, methods and documentation techniques that may be used in the application of the building enclosure commissioning (BECx) process. This guide is complementary to Practice E2813 and is aligned with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and ASHRAE Guideline 0.  
1.2 Extent—The process outlined in this standard guide applies to each building delivery phase from pre-design through Owner occupancy and operation. The specific application of this guide may vary to suit the Owner, the project delivery method and the building project as outlined in the Owner‘s Project Requirements (OPR).  
1.3 Primary Focus—The primary focus of this process includes, but may not be limited to, new construction of building enclosures, existing building enclosures undergoing substantial renovation or alteration, and continuous commissioning of enclosure systems.  
1.4 Contractual and Regulatory Obligations—The methods described in this guide are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor to alter the roles, responsibilities and duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Intent—This standard practice is intended to establish the minimum requirements for conducting periodic inspections of building facades to identify unsafe conditions that could cause harm to persons and property. It addresses the required content of the facade inspection to convey to the specifying authority the condition of the facade and allow comparisons of facade conditions at other times. Facade Inspection reports conducted and prepared as outlined in this standard practice will provide specifying authorities the information necessary to mitigate the threat of harm, injury, damage, or loss to persons or property from unsafe conditions on subject facades.  
4.2 Need for Periodic Facade Inspections—Due to age, lack of maintenance, design or construction errors, or a combination of these factors, building facades deteriorate. Based on the knowledge gained about the performance of building facades through investigation and research, governing authorities, owners, and qualified professionals are becoming more aware of potential unsafe conditions on building facades that if unaddressed, can jeopardize public safety and surrounding properties.  
4.3 Facade Service History—Facades require periodic maintenance and repairs to extend their useful life and to minimize and/or correct problems. As a part of any facade inspection, facade service history shall be reviewed because: (1) it may indicate patterns of leakage or other performance problems leading to concealed damage and an unsafe condition; (2) it may show a poorly conceived or improperly implemented maintenance or repair procedure that can contribute and aggravate unsafe conditions; and (3) it is necessary to distinguish between original construction and subsequent repairs or modifications during the inspection process and help identify the source of potential problems.  
4.4 Who Shall Perform the Inspection—Facade inspection shall be performed by a qualified inspector familiar with the available service his...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice covers methods and procedures for inspection, evaluation, and reporting for periodic inspection of building facades for unsafe conditions. In the context of this practice, unsafe conditions are hazards caused by or resulting from loss of facade material.  
1.2 This standard practice does not purport to address the nature of deterioration of various building facade materials nor the performance of their assemblies. It is the responsibility of the owner to retain a qualified professional who can demonstrate expertise in the evaluation of various facade materials and their assemblies.  
1.3 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the qualified professional to anticipate, advise on the nature of procedures, and to plan for implementing repair as necessary.  
1.4 It is the responsibility of the specifying authority to establish the usage of this standard practice and to supplement this practice with additional requirements suitable to its local jurisdiction. It is also the responsibility of the specifying authority to determine compliance with local licensing regulations and customary practices.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on facades and destructive investigative procedure...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements and corresponding test methods for manufactured polymeric materials used to provide a rainscreen function, a means for the drainage of liquid moisture and the ventilation of vapor moisture that enters an above-grade exterior wall assembly. Rainscreen materials that conform to this specification are intended to be used behind exterior cladding products and to cover the entire wall area that is designed to provide a rainscreen function to resist water infiltration. Three types of rainscreen materials are addressed: Type A (entangled mesh materials), Type B (formed/textured sheet material), and Type C (formed battens). This specification also covers descriptions of the materials and material composition; material properties and material performance requirements; specimen preparation; reporting requirements; marking and labeling; and packaging and package marking. A table presents the requirements for ventilation/airflow, drainage, thickness, compression, strength, UV exposure, heat aging, mold/fungal growth, and water exposure.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is applicable to manufactured polymeric materials used to provide a rainscreen function, a means for the drainage of liquid moisture and the ventilation of vapor moisture that enters an above-grade exterior wall assembly. Rainscreen materials that comply with this specification are intended to be used behind exterior cladding products and intended to cover one hundred percent (100 %) of the wall area that is designed to provide a rainscreen function to resist water infiltration.  
1.2 This specification addresses the following types of rainscreen materials:  
1.2.1 Type A—entangled mesh materials.  
1.2.2 Type B—formed/textured sheet material.  
1.2.3 Type C—formed battens.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Exterior wall systems require time to design, fabricate, construct and test. Mockups are a fullsize representative portion of the proposed exterior wall system built to study proposed construction details, test for performance and may be used to judge appearance of the exterior wall system. The project schedule shall allow time to design, construct and test the pre-construction mockup and to implement any design changes, fabrication changes, or modifications of planned construction procedures, before construction of the exterior wall system commences.  
4.2 Performance testing of pre-construction mockups verities compliance with specified standards and design criteria. Performance tests in separate ASTM or other industry standards, are intended to represent the effects of environmental conditions, such as wind, rain, and temperature extremes. The tests provide a measure of the performance of the proposed exterior wall system under specific and controlled conditions. The specified design and specification of the pre-construction mockup must be appropriate for the performance test requirements. Separate tests may be required for individual mockup materials or components.  
4.3 Pre-construction mockup specimens require input from Specifier, Builder and Test Agency. Coordination of their efforts facilitates this process. Documentation should convey the results of preconstruction mockups from one party to others at appropriate stages in the process.  
4.4 The referenced standards provided in this practice identify the historical standards typically utilized in pre-construction performance testing. This practice allows for the development and use of other project specific test procedures for various components that encompass exterior wall systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice covers procedures and documentation to assist in the specification and evaluation of pre-construction laboratory mockups of exterior wall systems.  
1.2 This standard practice addresses design and construction of the mockup; observation during mockup construction and testing; evaluation of the mockup test results; and documentation of the mockup and testing process. Coordination is required between the parties involved in the design, construction and testing of the mockup to facilitate this process. Documentation should convey the results of pre-construction mockups from one party to others at appropriate stages in the process.  
1.3 This standard practice recommends the selection and order of individual tests performed on the mockup in the absence of a specific test order.  
1.4 This standard practice recommends a protocol for exchange of information between participants in the pre-construction mockup process.  
1.5 Responsibility for specific activities is recommended by this practice. This practice is intended to provide a default structure in the absence of the assignment of specific responsibilities by the specifying authority.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Access to the exterior and interior of structures is often required as part of maintenance or inspection work. Depending on the characteristics of the structure and site constraints, access can often be achieved using a number of methods other than industrial rope access, including ladders, stationary or removable suspended scaffolding, mechanical self-propelled aerial lifts, and other suitable means. There are instances where use of such means of access is not feasible or economical.  
4.2 This standard provides guidance on the use of rope access as an alternative to other methods of access.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a framework of practical and technical information within which the specifying authority and the operators using rope access techniques can develop effective arrangements to help ensure the safety and health of personnel involved in these projects.  
1.2 This practice applies to the use of techniques whereby access is gained to structures, man-made or natural, by means of ropes suspended from the structure. It applies to all cases where ropes are used as the primary means of support and where persons descend or ascend a rope, or traverse along a tensioned horizontal or inclined rope.  
1.3 This practice applies to all industrial uses of rope access techniques except use by the fire department and other emergency services for rescue work and training in connection therewith. Fire and rescue authorities have special procedures applicable to their circumstances. This standard does not apply to other methods of working at heights, such as suspended scaffolds.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Intent—This standard practice is intended to establish the minimum requirements for conducting periodic inspections of building facades to identify unsafe conditions that could cause harm to persons and property. It addresses the required content of the facade inspection to convey to the specifying authority the condition of the facade and allow comparisons of facade conditions at other times. Facade Inspection reports conducted and prepared as outlined in this standard practice will provide specifying authorities the information necessary to mitigate the threat of harm, injury, damage, or loss to persons or property from unsafe conditions on subject facades.  
4.2 Need for Periodic Facade Inspections—Due to age, lack of maintenance, design or construction errors, or a combination of these factors, building facades deteriorate. Based on the knowledge gained about the performance of building facades through investigation and research, governing authorities, owners, and qualified professionals are becoming more aware of potential unsafe conditions on building facades that if unaddressed, can jeopardize public safety and surrounding properties.  
4.3 Facade Service History—Facades require periodic maintenance and repairs to extend their useful life and to minimize and/or correct problems. As a part of any facade inspection, facade service history shall be reviewed because: (1) it may indicate patterns of leakage or other performance problems leading to concealed damage and an unsafe condition; (2) it may show a poorly conceived or improperly implemented maintenance or repair procedure that can contribute and aggravate unsafe conditions; and (3) it is necessary to distinguish between original construction and subsequent repairs or modifications during the inspection process and help identify the source of potential problems.  
4.4 Who Shall Perform the Inspection—Facade inspection shall be performed by a qualified inspector familiar with the available service his...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice covers methods and procedures for inspection, evaluation, and reporting for periodic inspection of building facades for unsafe conditions. In the context of this practice, unsafe conditions are hazards caused by or resulting from loss of facade material.  
1.2 This standard practice does not purport to address the nature of deterioration of various building facade materials nor the performance of their assemblies. It is the responsibility of the owner to retain a qualified professional who can demonstrate expertise in the evaluation of various facade materials and their assemblies.  
1.3 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the qualified professional to anticipate, advise on the nature of procedures, and to plan for implementing repair as necessary.  
1.4 It is the responsibility of the specifying authority to establish the usage of this standard practice and to supplement this practice with additional requirements suitable to its local jurisdiction. It is also the responsibility of the specifying authority to determine compliance with local licensing regulations and customary practices.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on facades and destructive investigative procedure...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide may be used by design professionals and others in the building construction industry to provide factual support for professional judgment of materials, products, or systems during the design development of new and remedial exterior building wall construction.
This guide is intended to provide guidance to the user of this standard in the evaluation and qualification of materials, products, or systems with which they do not have substantial, long-term experience or that are intended to be employed in a new or different manner. The standard may be used to investigate and assess the probable performance of such materials, products, or systems in relation to the proposed use on or as part of an exterior building wall.
The procedures outlined in Section 5 will help guide the user in making informed selections based on the materials, products, or systems performance history on constructed projects and provide information on limitations of use, the manufacturer's performance history, and current status. The use of this guide will reduce, but not eliminate, the risk of in-service performance problems with materials, products, or systems.
The procedures listed in this standard are intended for use in selecting materials, products, or systems that are critical to the safety, function, or serviceability of a building, or where they constitute substantial components of the work. The recommendations in this guide are not applicable to all materials, products, or systems that can be incorporated in buildings. The user must exercise appropriate judgment and care regarding the need when applying the various procedures included in this guide, including the use of the form included in Appendix X1, with regard to particular materials, products, or systems, and specific buildings. Materials, products, or systems that will be used for a noncritical or incidental use usually do not require an exhaustive evaluation. Materials, products, or systems with which the user has f...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers guidance to design professionals in the evaluation of materials, products, or systems with which they are not familiar and to help determine that the selected materials, products, or systems are suitable for use on or as a part of an exterior building wall.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 This practice is intended to serve as a concise, authoritative, and technically sound practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) that is based upon:  
6.1.1 The Owner Project Requirements;  
6.1.2 Clearly defined and enforceable levels of BECx; and  
6.1.3 Minimum core competencies required of the BECxP and associated service-providers28 (see 4.2) to qualify as Fundamental or Enhanced BECx under this practice.  
6.2 This practice is suitable for use as an independently applied standard for new buildings and structures, or as part of a more broadly based Total (or “Whole”) Building Commissioning Program.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a concise, authoritative, and technically sound practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) that establishes two levels of BECx: Fundamental and Enhanced (refer also to Section 4).  
1.2 The BECx process as defined in this practice includes the following phases and sub-phases:  
1.2.1 Pre-design,  
1.2.2 Design,
1.2.2.1 Schematic Design,
1.2.2.2 Design Development,
1.2.2.3 Construction Documentation,  
1.2.3 Pre-Construction,2  
1.2.4 Construction, and  
1.2.5 Occupancy and Operations.  
1.3 This practice includes a mandatory OPR Development Guideline (Annex A1) and requires the development of an OPR for both Fundamental and Enhanced BECx that addresses, at a minimum, the performance attributes and metrics included in Annex A1 of this practice.  
1.4 This practice includes mandatory BECx Performance Testing Requirements (Annex A2) approved for use with this practice to evaluate the performance and durability of enclosure materials, components, systems, and assemblies.  
1.5 This practice mandates independent, third-party design peer review during the Design Phase of both Fundamental and Enhanced BECx.  
1.6 This practice recognizes that the OPR for exterior enclosure performance and environmental separation may exceed the baseline requirements of applicable building codes and standards and provides guidance for the development of an OPR based on the following attributes as defined in Annex A1 of this practice:  
1.6.1 Energy,  
1.6.2 Environment,  
1.6.3 Safety,  
1.6.4 Security,  
1.6.5 Durability,  
1.6.6 Sustainability, and  
1.6.7 Operation.  
1.7 The terms “building enclosure” and “enclosure” as they appear in this practice refer collectively to all materials, components, systems, and assemblies intended to provide shelter and environmental separation between interior and exterior, or between two or more environmentally distinct interior spaces in a building or structure.  
1.8 This practice establishes that the Building Enclosure Commissioning Provider (BECxP) refers specifically to the individual retained by the Owner to develop, manage, and be in responsible charge of the BECx process, including individual members and technical specialists that may comprise the BECx team (see 4.2).  
1.9 The role and responsibilities of the BECxP as defined by this practice are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor the duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.10 This practice is not intended to warrant or otherwise guarantee the as-built or in-service durability, or both, and performance of enclosure materials, components, systems, and assemblies.  
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended to serve as a concise, authoritative, and technically sound practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) that is based upon:
The Owner Project Requirements;
Clearly defined and enforceable levels of BECx; and  
Minimum core competencies required of the BECxA and associated service-providers (see 4.2) to qualify as Fundamental or Enhanced BECx under this practice.
This practice is suitable for use as an independently applied standard for new buildings and structures, or as part of a more broadly based Total (or “Whole”) Building Commissioning Program.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a concise, authoritative, and technically sound practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) that establishes two levels of BECx: Fundamental and Enhanced (refer also to Section 4).
1.2 The BECx process as defined in this practice includes the following phases and sub-phases:
1.2.1 Pre-design,
1.2.2 Design,
1.2.2.1 Schematic Design,
1.2.2.2 Design Development,
1.2.2.3 Construction Documentation,
1.2.3 Pre-Construction,  
1.2.4 Construction, and
1.2.5 Occupancy and Operations.
1.3 This practice includes a mandatory OPR Development Guideline (Annex A1) and requires the development of an OPR for both Fundamental and Enhanced BECx that addresses, at a minimum, the performance attributes and metrics included in Annex A1 of this practice.
1.4 This practice includes mandatory BECx Performance Testing Requirements (Annex A2) approved for use with this practice to evaluate the performance and durability of enclosure materials, components, systems, and assemblies.
1.5 This practice mandates independent, third-party design peer review during the Design Phase of both Fundamental and Enhanced BECx.
1.6 This practice recognizes that the OPR for exterior enclosure performance and environmental separation may exceed the baseline requirements of applicable building codes and standards and provides guidance for the development of an OPR based on the following attributes as defined in Annex A1 of this practice:
1.6.1 Energy,
1.6.2 Environment,
1.6.3 Safety,
1.6.4 Security,
1.6.5 Durability,
1.6.6 Sustainability, and
1.6.7 Operation.
1.7 The terms “building enclosure” and “enclosure” as they appear in this practice refer collectively to all materials, components, systems, and assemblies intended to provide shelter and environmental separation between interior and exterior, or between two or more environmentally distinct interior spaces in a building or structure.
1.8 This practice establishes that the Building Enclosure Commissioning “Agent” or “Authority” (BECxA) refers specifically to the individual or firm retained by the Owner to develop, manage, and be in responsible charge of the BECx process, including individual members and technical specialists that may comprise the BECx team (see 4.2).
1.9 The role and responsibilities of the BECxA as defined by this practice are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor the duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.
1.10 This practice is not intended to warrant or otherwise guarantee the as-built or in-service durability, or both, and performance of enclosure materials, components, systems, and assemblies.
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is intended to provide building professionals with a comprehensive methodology for evaluating water leakage through walls. It addresses the performance expectations and service history of a wall, the various components of a wall, and the interaction between these components and adjacent construction. It is not intended as a construction quality control procedure, nor as a preconstruction qualification procedure. It is intended for evaluating buildings that exhibit water leakage.
Qualifications—This guide requires the evaluator to possess a knowledge of basic physics and of construction and wall design principles and practices.
Application—The sequential activities described herein are intended to produce a complete and comprehensive evaluation program, but all activities may not be applicable or necessary for a particular evaluation program. It is the responsibility of the professional using this guide to determine the activities and sequence necessary to properly perform an appropriate leakage evaluation for a specific building.
Preliminary Assessment—A preliminary assessment may indicate that water leakage problems are limited to a specific element or portion of a wall. The preliminary assessment may also indicate that the wall is not the source of a leak even though it is perceived as such by the building occupant. The presence of water might result from a roofing problem, a condensation problem, a plumbing problem, operable windows or doors left opened or unlatched or some other condition not directly related to water leakage through the building wall and is outside the scope of this guide. The evaluation of causes may likewise be limited in scope, and the procedures recommended herein abridged according to the professional judgement of the evaluator. A statement stipulating the limits of the investigation should be included in the report.
Expectations—Expectations about the overall effectiveness of an evaluation program must be reasonable and...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes methods for determining and evaluating causes of water leakage of exterior walls. For this purpose, water penetration is considered leakage, and therefore problematic, if it exceeds the planned resistance or temporary retention and drainage capacity of the wall, is causing or is likely to cause premature deterioration of a building or its contents, or is adversely affecting the performance of other components. A wall is considered a system including its exterior and interior finishes, fenestration, structural components, and components for maintaining the building interior environment.  
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. Establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures which typically are associated with the work described in this guide.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is intended to provide building professionals with a methodology for conducting periodic condition assessments of building facades, for the purpose of determining if conditions exist in the subject facades that represent hazards to persons or property. It addresses the performance expectations and service history of a facade, the various components of a facade, and the interaction between these components and adjacent construction to provide a stable and reliable enclosure system. This guide was written as a parallel document to Practice E2270. Practice E2270 is written in the imperative form as a Standard Practice and is designed for adoption by specifying authorities. This guide is intended as a dissemination of explicit knowledge gained from experience of conducting periodic facade inspections. Implicit in this guide are general facade inspection techniques that have been tailored for periodic inspections. These tips and techniques are shared to provide a comprehensive template from which a facade inspection program can be tailored.
QualificationsUse of this guide requires knowledge of basic physics, construction and building exterior wall design principles and practices.
ApplicationThe sequential activities described herein are intended to produce a complete and comprehensive evaluation program, but all activities may not be applicable or necessary for a particular evaluation program. It is the responsibility of the professional using this guide to determine the activities and sequence necessary to perform an appropriate condition assessment for a specific building properly.
Preliminary AssessmentA preliminary assessment may indicate that localized conditions in a wall system exist which are limited to a specific element or portion of a wall. The evaluation of causes may likewise be limited in scope, and the procedures recommended herein abridged according to the professional judgment of the investigator. A statement stipulating the limits of th...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to establish procedures and methodologies for conducting inspections of building facades including those that meet inspection criteria for compliance with Practice E2270. For the purposes outlined in this guide, unsafe conditions are hazards which could result from loss of facade materials.
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. Establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for aboveground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures that typically are associated with the work described in this standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide may be used by public agencies to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints beyond those specifically defined in the building codes.
This guide may be used by building field inspectors as a resource for construction inspection during the construction phase of a project.
This guide may be used by private organizations or individuals to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of building walls.
This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for making design decisions involving material selection, building wall detailing and specifications.
This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for conducting submittal review and construction observation during the construction administration phase of a project.  
This guide may be used by contractors as a resource and checklist for exercising field quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes design, specification, selection, installation, and inspection of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints of wood and metal frame buildings, typically four stories or less, to minimize water intrusion.
1.2 This guide does not address prevention of damage caused by water originating from the use of wet building materials or from indoor or outdoor humidity. Water from these sources can be important, and the potential for damage caused by water from these sources must not be overlooked in building design or construction.  
1.3 This guide does not address roofing systems, except when the surface of a deck also serves as a roof and at locations where roof systems interface with building walls.
1.4 This guide does not address any type of barrier wall system.
1.5 This guide does not address any exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS).
1.6 This guide does not address foundation conditions where the bottom of a slab on grade or the grade of a crawl space is at or below the water table or subject to hydrostatic pressure.
1.7 This guide is intended to supplement and not duplicate building code requirements.
1.8 Maintenance, although important, is not covered in detail.  
1.9 Application of finishes, such as paint and sealers, may be important in the performance of some types of cladding; however, this is not covered in detail.
1.10 This guide applies only to constructions with sheathing, which facilitates installation of the weather-resistive barrier and associated flashings in a common plane.
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.12 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
1.13 Organization of Document:
Section Scope1 Referenced Documents2 Terminology3 Summary of Guide4 Significance and Use5 General Design Principles6 Design Practices7 General Guidelines8 Drainage Walls9  Drainage WallsGeneral9.1  Drainage Wall CladdingPortland Cement Plaster (Stucco)9.2  Drainage Wall CladdingWood and Wood-Derived Products9.3  Drainage Wall CladdingVinyl Siding9.4  Drainage Wall CladdingFiber-Cement Siding9.5 Cavity Drainage Walls10  Cavity Drainage WallsGeneral10.1  Cavity Drainage Wall CladdingMasonry10.2 Wood Framed Decks and Stairs with Exposed Framing
and Decking11 Plaza Decks or Stairs with Enclosed Framing and a
Waterproofing Membrane with Separat...

SCOPE
1.1 This specification is limited to vapor permeable flexible sheet materials which are intended to be mechanically attached and are generally installed behind the cladding system in exterior walls.
1.2 This specification is limited to the evaluation of materials and does not address installed performance. Although the fastening practices (type of fastener, fastening schedule, etc.) may affect the installed function of these materials, they are not included in this specification.
1.3 This specification does not address integration of the water-resistive barrier with other wall elements. The topic is addressed in more detail in Practice E2112 and Guide E2266.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification is limited to vapor permeable flexible sheet materials which are intended to be mechanically attached and are generally installed behind the cladding system in exterior walls.
1.2 This specification is limited to the evaluation of materials and does not address installed performance. Although the fastening practices (type of fastener, fastening schedule, etc.) may affect the installed function of these materials, they are not included in this specification.
1.3 This specification does not address integration of the water-resistive barrier with other wall elements. The topic is addressed in more detail in Practice E2112 and Guide E2266.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is intended to provide building professionals with a comprehensive methodology for evaluating water leakage through walls. It addresses the performance expectations and service history of a wall, the various components of a wall, and the interaction between these components and adjacent construction. It is not intended as a construction quality control procedure, nor as a preconstruction qualification procedure. It is intended for evaluating buildings that exhibit water leakage.
Qualifications—Use of this guide requires a knowledge of basic physics and of construction and wall design principles and practices.
Application—The sequential activities described herein are intended to produce a complete and comprehensive evaluation program, but all activities may not be applicable or necessary for a particular evaluation program. It is the responsibility of the professional using this guide to determine the activities and sequence necessary to properly perform an appropriate leakage evaluation for a specific building.
Preliminary Assessment—A preliminary assessment may indicate that water leakage problems are limited to a specific element or portion of a wall. The evaluation of causes may likewise be limited in scope, and the procedures recommended herein abridged according to the professional judgement of the investigator. A statement stipulating the limits of the investigation should be included in the report.
Expectations—Expectations about the overall effectiveness of an evaluation program must be reasonable and in proportion to a defined scope of work and the effort and resources applied to the task. The objective is to be as comprehensive as possible within a defined scope of work. The methodology in this guide is intended to address intrinsic leakage behavior properties of a wall system, leading to conclusions that generally apply to similar locations on the building. Since every possible location is not included in an evaluation program, it is p...
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1.1 This guide describes methods for determining and evaluating causes of water leakage of exterior walls. For this purpose, water penetration is considered leakage, and therefore problematic, if it exceeds the planned resistance or temporary retention and drainage capacity of the wall, is causing or is likely to cause premature deterioration of a building or its contents, or is adversely affecting the performance of other components. A wall is considered a system including its exterior and interior finishes, fenestration, structural components, and components for maintaining the building interior environment.  
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. Establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures which typically are associated with the work described in this guide.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Access to the exterior and interior of structures is often required as part of maintenance or inspection work. Depending on the characteristics of the structure and site constraints, access can often be achieved using a number of methods other than industrial rope access, including ladders, stationary or removable suspended scaffolding, mechanical self-propelled aerial lifts, and other suitable means. There are instances where use of such means of access is not feasible or economical.
This standard provides guidance on the use of rope access as an alternative to other methods of access.
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1.1 This practice provides a framework of practical and technical information within which the specifying authority and the operators using rope access techniques can develop effective arrangements to help ensure the safety and health of personnel involved in these projects.
1.2 This practice applies to the use of techniques whereby access is gained to structures, man-made or natural, by means of ropes suspended from the structure. It applies to all cases where ropes are used as the primary means of support and where persons descend or ascend a rope, or traverse along a tensioned horizontal or inclined rope.
1.3 This practice applies to all industrial uses of rope access techniques except use by the fire department and other emergency services for rescue work and training in connection therewith. Fire and rescue authorities have special procedures applicable to their circumstances. This standard does not apply to other methods of working at heights, such as suspended scaffolds.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Exterior wall systems require time to design, fabricate, construct and test. Mockups are a fullsize representative portion of the proposed exterior wall system built to study proposed construction details, test for performance and may be used to judge appearance of the exterior wall system. The project schedule shall allow time to design, construct and test the pre-construction mockup and to implement any design changes, fabrication changes, or modifications of planned construction procedures, before construction of the exterior wall system commences.
Performance testing of pre-construction mockups verities compliance with specified standards and design criteria. Performance tests in separate ASTM or other industry standards, are intended to represent the effects of environmental conditions, such as wind, rain, and temperature extremes. The tests provide a measure of the performance of the proposed exterior wall system under specific and controlled conditions. The specified design and specification of the pre-construction mockup must be appropriate for the performance test requirements. Separate tests may be required for individual mockup materials or components.
Pre-construction mockup specimens require input from Specifier, Builder and Test Agency. Coordination of their efforts facilitates this process. Documentation should convey the results of preconstruction mockups from one party to others at appropriate stages in the process.
The referenced standards provided in this practice identify the historical standards typically utilized in pre-construction performance testing. This practice allows for the development and use of other project specific test procedures for various components that encompass exterior wall systems.
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1.1 This standard practice describes procedures and documentation to assist in the specification and evaluation of pre-construction laboratory mockups of exterior wall systems.
1.2 This standard practice addresses design and construction of the mockup; observation during mockup construction and testing; evaluation of the mockup test results; and documentation of the mockup and testing process. Coordination is required between the parties involved in the design, construction and testing of the mockup to facilitate this process. Documentation should convey the results of pre-construction mockups from one party to others at appropriate stages in the process.
1.3 This standard practice recommends the selection and order of individual tests performed on the mockup in the absence of a specific test order.
1.4 This standard practice recommends a protocol for exchange of information between participants in the pre-construction mockup process.
1.5 Responsibility for specific activities is recommended by this standard. This practice is intended to provide a default structure in the absence of the assignment of specific responsibilities by the specifying authority.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers guidance to design professionals in the evaluation of materials, products, or systems with which they are not familiar and to help determine that the selected materials, products, or systems are suitable for use on or as a part of an exterior building wall.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This standard practice describes methods and procedures for inspection, evaluation and reporting for periodic inspection of building facades for unsafe conditions. In the context of this standard, unsafe conditions are hazards caused by or resulting from loss of facade material.
1.2 This standard practice does not purport to address the nature of deterioration of various building facade materials nor the performance of their assemblies. It is the responsibility of the Specifying Authority requiring the facade inspection to retain a Qualified Professional who can demonstrate expertise in the evaluation of various facade materials and their assemblies.
1.3 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the Qualified Professional to anticipate, and advise on the nature of procedures, and to plan for implementing repair as necessary.
1.4 It is the responsibility of the Specifying Authority to establish the usage of this standard practice and to supplement this standard with additional requirements suitable to its local jurisdiction. It is also the responsibility of the Specifying Authority to determine compliance with local licensing regulations and customary practices.
1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on facades and destructive investigative procedures, which typically are associated with the work described.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide may be used by public agencies to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints beyond those specifically defined in the building codes.
This guide may be used by building field inspectors as a resource for construction inspection during the construction phase of a project.
This guide may be used by private organizations or individuals to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of building walls.
This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for making design decisions involving material selection, building wall detailing and specifications.
This guide may be used by architects and engineers as a resource for conducting submittal review and construction observation during the construction administration phase of a project.  
This guide may be used by contractors as a resource and checklist for exercising field quality control.
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1.1 This guide describes design, specification, selection, installation, and inspection of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints of wood and metal frame buildings, typically four stories or less, to minimize water intrusion.
1.2 This guide does not address prevention of damage caused by water originating from the use of wet building materials or from indoor or outdoor humidity. Water from these sources can be important, and the potential for damage caused by water from these sources must not be overlooked in building design or construction.
1.3 This guide does not address roofing systems, except when the surface of a deck also serves as a roof and at locations where roof systems interface with building walls.
1.4 This guide does not address any type of barrier wall system.
1.5 This guide does not address any exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS).
1.6 This guide does not address foundation conditions where the bottom of a slab on grade or the grade of a crawl space is at or below the water table or subject to hydrostatic pressure.
1.7 This guide is intended to supplement and not duplicate building code requirements.
1.8 Maintenance, although important, is not covered in detail.
1.9 Application of finishes, such as paint and sealers, may be important in the performance of some types of cladding; however, this is not covered in detail.
1.10 This standard applies only to constructions with sheathing, which facilitates installation of the weather-resistive barrier and associated flashings in a common plane.
This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
1.11 Organization of DocumentSectionScopeReferenced DocumentsTerminologySummary of GuideSignificance and UseGeneral Design PrinciplesDesign PracticesGeneral GuidelinesDrainage WallsDrainage Walls-GeneralDrainage Wall Cladding-Portland Cement Plaster (Stucco)Drainage Wall Cladding-Wood and Wood-Derived ProductsDrainage Wall Cladding-Vinyl SidingDrainage Wall Cladding-Fiber-Cement SidingCavity Drainage WallsCavity Drainage Walls-GeneralCavity Drainage Wall Cladding-MasonryWood Framed Decks and Stairs with Exposed Framingand DeckingPlaza Decks or Stairs with Enclosed Framing and aWaterproofing Membrane with Separate Wearing SurfacesPlaza Decks or Stairs with Enclosed Framing and aWaterproofing Membrane with an Integral Wearing SurfaceWindows, Doors, and Similar Wall PenetrationsSpecial Wall ConfigurationExterior Sealant JointsKeywordsAppendix-Additional Resources

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1.1 The intent of this standard is to provide guidance to design professionals in the evaluation of materials, products, or systems with which they are not familiar and to help determine that the selected materials, products, or systems are suitable for use on or as a part of an exterior building wall.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice describes methods and procedures for inspection, evaluation and reporting for periodic inspection of building facades for unsafe conditions. In the context of this standard, unsafe conditions are hazards caused by or resulting from loss of facade material.
1.2 This standard practice does not purport to address the nature of deterioration of various building facade materials nor the performance of their assemblies. It is the responsibility of the Specifying Authority requiring the facade inspection to retain a Qualified Professional who can demonstrate expertise in the evaluation of various facade materials and their assemblies.
1.3 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive, or destructive. It is the responsibility of the Qualified Professional to anticipate, and advise on the nature of procedures, and to plan for implementing repair as necessary.
1.4 It is the responsibility of the Specifying Authority to establish the usage of this standard practice and to supplement this standard with additional requirements suitable to its local jurisdiction. It is also the responsibility of the Specifying Authority to determine compliance with local licensing regulations and customary practices.
1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on facades and destructive investigative procedures, which typically are associated with the work described.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes methods for determining and evaluating causes of water leakage of exterior walls. For this purpose, water penetration is considered leakage, and therefore problematic, if it exceeds the planned resistance or temporary retention and drainage capacity of the wall, is causing or is likely to cause premature deterioration of a building or its contents, or is adversely affecting the performance of other components. A wall is considered a system including its exterior and interior finishes, fenestration, structural components and components for maintaining the building interior environment.
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. Establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures which typically are associated with the work described in this guide.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes methods for determining and evaluating causes of water leakage of exterior walls. For this purpose, water penetration is considered leakage, and therefore problematic, if it exceeds the planned resistance or temporary retention and drainage capacity of the wall, is causing or is likely to cause premature deterioration of a building or its contents, or is adversely affecting the performance of other components. A wall is considered a system including its exterior and interior finishes, fenestration, structural components and components for maintaining the building interior environment.
1.2 Investigative techniques discussed may be intrusive, disruptive or destructive. It is the responsibility of the investigator to establish the limitations of use, to anticipate and advise of the destructive nature of some procedures, and to plan for patching and selective reconstruction as necessary.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. Establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Awareness of safety and familiarity with safe procedures are particularly important for above-ground operations on the exterior of a building and destructive investigative procedures which typically are associated with the work described in this guide.