D01.47 - Concrete, Stone and Masonry Treatments

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test is meant to simulate the ability of a coating applied to a basement or other below grade masonry walls to prevent the intrusion of water through the coating caused by hydrostatic pressure from water on the outside of the structure.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of coatings used in below grade applications to resist the passage of water through concrete block.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 One of the factors affecting the performance provided by a cementitious treatment is how readily water vapor passes through it. Hence, the water vapor transmission characteristics of treatments are important in assessing their performance in practical use.  
4.2 The purpose of this test method is to obtain values of water vapor transfer through treatments that range in permeability from high to low. These values are for use in design, manufacture, and marketing.  
4.3 Water vapor transmission is not a linear function of film thickness, temperature or relative humidity.  
4.4 Values of water vapor transmission rate (WVT) and water vapor permeance (WVP) can be used in the relative rating of treatments only if the treatments are tested under the same closely controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the rate at which water vapor passes through non film forming treatments, such as silanes, siloxanes and blends of silanes/siloxanes applied to cementitious substrates.  
1.2 This test method covers the use of the wet cup technique, which most closely approaches the exterior conditions for use for these materials. Other conditions can be used if agreed upon between purchaser and supplier. Agreement should not be expected between results obtained by different methods or test conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units of measurement are designated as the standard. Factors for conversion to inch-pound units are given in 9.2.1.1 and 9.2.2.1.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Siliceous alkaline substrates are subject to water damage that may result in deterioration. Water repellents can provide protection of siliceous alkaline substrates exposed to water. This test method is used to evaluate the efficacy of clear water repellents on alkaline substrates.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear water repellents on hydraulic cement mortar specimens based on water absorption after a water soak.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is meant to simulate the ability of a coating system applied to a masonry block to withstand exposure to continuous water spray (rain) and a dynamic pressure equivalent to a 98 mph wind velocity without exhibiting water leaks or weight gain, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of the ability of coatings to resist the passage of water through masonry block when exposed to water spray and air pressure.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Researchers in the field of coatings have recognized the need for a standardized substrate for evaluating coatings intended for use on cementitious surfaces. This practice describes the preparation of such panels.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for molding and curing cementitious panels for use in exposure testing of coatings designed for masonry or cementitious surfaces, although these may be suitable for other tests.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Surface cleaning is necessary to prepare clay brick masonry surfaces for application of coatings intended for water repellent protection. Surface cleaning helps to ensure proper adhesion or even penetration of the coating and to prevent unintended sealing-in of stains.  
4.2 This practice addresses surface cleaning only. Other preparation or remedial repairs, such as repointing the masonry or replacing of units, may be necessary and must be completed prior to application of the water repellent treatment.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of clay brick masonry to remove surface contaminants such as dirt, grease, loose material, soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, algae, etc. in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings without damaging or altering the surface appearance of the clay brick masonry.  
1.2 Procedures included in this practice are water cleaning, detergent water cleaning, pressurized water cleaning, steam cleaning, and acid cleaning. It is not intended for the cleaning of newly constructed brick masonry. Use of procedures described in this practice may not be appropriate where the surface is of a historical nature.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard information see Section 5, 6.4.1.1, and 6.4.1.2.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Surface cleaning is necessary to prepare architectural sandstone surfaces for application of coatings intended for water repellent protection. Surface cleaning of the sandstone substrate helps to ensure proper adhesion of the coating.  
3.2 Use of procedures described in this practice may not be adequate where protective systems will be used for continuous or intermittent immersion or mechanical loading.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of architectural sandstone to remove grease, dirt, loose material, and surface deposits such as soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, and algae and other biological growth in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings. Procedures include broom cleaning, vacuum cleaning, air blast cleaning, water cleaning (and detergent water cleaning), and chemical cleaning.  
1.2 Limitations—This practice is intended to clean architectural sandstone without damaging it or altering the surface profile. These procedures are not intended for interior stonework. Where work on surfaces of artistic, architectural, cultural, or historic significance is being considered, guidance from specialists should be sought.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 4.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This test method details the standard procedure for evaluating the effect of water repellent treatments on the freeze-thaw resistance of hydraulic cement mortar specimens. This test method is designed to compare the effectiveness of water repellent treatments under conditions of freezing and thawing only, intended as a laboratory screening method for treatment selection and may not accurately reflect the performance of treated and untreated specimens in the field. This procedure requires the use of a balance, corrosion-resistant aluminum metal pan, weight per litre (gallon) cup, freezing chamber, forced draft oven, and stiff-nylon-bristled brush. Mortar specimens are treated with or immersed in a water repellent material, removed, and allowed to cure. After air drying, the treated specimens are weighed then subjected to various cycles of freezing and thawing. Periodic weighing and observations are made to determine weight loss and deleterious effects such as spalling and cracking.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the comparative effect of water repellent treatments on the freeze-thaw cycling of hydraulic cement mortar specimens.  
1.2 This test method is designed to compare the effectiveness of water repellent treatments under conditions of freezing and thawing only. This test method is intended as a laboratory screening method for treatment selection and may not accurately reflect the performance of treated and untreated specimens in the field. This test method is not intended to duplicate field conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is used to determine the nonvolatile content of silanes, siloxanes, and silane-siloxane blended materials used in masonry water-repellent treatments. It can be used for the purpose of calculating the volatile organic compound (VOC) content of these materials under specified test conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the nonvolatile content (Ns) of silanes, siloxanes, and blended silane-siloxane materials used in masonry water repellent treatments and is applicable to both solvent- and water-borne materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Graffiti on buildings and structures is a significant problem in various regions across the country. A variety of coatings have been developed to be either resistant to the application of paints/marker or to aid in their removal. This standard practice describes a procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of anti-graffiti coatings applied to various concrete, masonry and natural stone substrates. It does not address graffiti removal on metal or any other non-mineral substrate.  
5.2 This practice only addresses graffiti removal on substrates in a laboratory environment, that have not been exposed to either natural or artificial weathering. Specification D6578 describes a method for graffiti removal after both natural and artificial weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a basic method for evaluating the performance of anti-graffiti products on mineral building substrates by a series of increasingly abrasive cleaning methods. The anti-graffiti materials are applied to a series of concrete, masonry and natural stone specimens for evaluation. Graffiti resistance is based on how a defined set of markings are removed by a designated set of cleaning techniques.  
1.2 This practice also defines a procedure to evaluate graffiti removal after re-marking with subsequent re-cleaning. It does not address the re-treatment of substrates after a material is no longer graffiti resistant.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Researchers in the field of water repellent coatings have recognized the need for a standardized test for determining the performance of water repellents applied to structures in the field. Many coating manufacturer's supply warranties for their products based on maintaining a specific water repellency on concrete. This test method can be used to determine the effective water repellency of the coating by comparing its performance to a control uncoated specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for the determination of the water absorption by a core of concrete taken from a surface treated with a water repellent.  
1.2 The intended use of the water repellent coating is to reduce the amount of water that absorbs into the substrate.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test is meant to simulate the ability of a coating applied to a basement or other below grade masonry walls to prevent the intrusion of water through the coating caused by hydrostatic pressure from water on the outside of the structure.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of coatings used in below grade applications to resist the passage of water through concrete block.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test is meant to simulate the ability of a coating applied to a basement or other below grade masonry walls to prevent the intrusion of water through the coating caused by hydrostatic pressure from water on the outside of the structure.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of coatings used in below grade applications to resist the passage of water through concrete block.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications, this practice was withdrawn in January 2017 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Graffiti on buildings and structures is a significant problem in various regions across the country. A variety of coatings have been developed to be either resistant to the application of paints/marker or to aid in their removal. This standard practice describes a procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of anti-graffiti coatings applied to various concrete, masonry and natural stone substrates. It does not address graffiti removal on metal or any other non-mineral substrate.  
5.2 This practice only addresses graffiti removal on substrates in a laboratory environment, that have not been exposed to either natural or artificial weathering. Specification D6578 describes a method for graffiti removal after both natural and artificial weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a basic method for evaluating the performance of anti-graffiti products on mineral building substrates by a series of increasingly abrasive cleaning methods. The anti-graffiti materials are applied to a series of concrete, masonry and natural stone specimens for evaluation. Graffiti resistance is based on how a defined set of markings are removed by a designated set of cleaning techniques.  
1.2 This practice also defines a procedure to evaluate graffiti removal after re-marking with subsequent re-cleaning. It does not address the re-treatment of substrates after a material is no longer graffiti resistant.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 One of the factors affecting the performance provided by a cementitious treatment is how readily water vapor passes through it. Hence, the water vapor transmission characteristics of treatments are important in assessing their performance in practical use.  
4.2 The purpose of this test method is to obtain values of water vapor transfer through treatments that range in permeability from high to low. These values are for use in design, manufacture, and marketing.  
4.3 Water vapor transmission is not a linear function of film thickness, temperature or relative humidity.  
4.4 Values of water vapor transmission rate (WVT) and water vapor permeance (WVP) can be used in the relative rating of treatments only if the treatments are tested under the same closely controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the rate at which water vapor passes through non film forming treatments, such as silanes, siloxanes and blends of silanes/siloxanes applied to cementitious substrates.  
1.2 This test method covers the use of the wet cup technique, which most closely approaches the exterior conditions for use for these materials. Other conditions can be used if agreed upon between purchaser and supplier. Agreement should not be expected between results obtained by different methods or test conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units of measurement are designated as the standard. Factors for conversion to inch-pound units are given in 9.2.1.1 and 9.2.2.1.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Siliceous alkaline substrates are subject to water damage that may result in deterioration. Water repellents can provide protection of siliceous alkaline substrates exposed to water. This test method is used to evaluate the efficacy of clear water repellents on alkaline substrates.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear water repellents on hydraulic cement mortar specimens based on water absorption after a water soak.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Surface cleaning is necessary to prepare architectural sandstone surfaces for application of coatings intended for water repellent protection. Surface cleaning of the sandstone substrate helps to ensure proper adhesion of the coating.  
3.2 Use of procedures described in this practice may not be adequate where protective systems will be used for continuous or intermittent immersion or mechanical loading.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of architectural sandstone to remove grease, dirt, loose material, and surface deposits such as soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, and algae and other biological growth in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings. Procedures include broom cleaning, vacuum cleaning, air blast cleaning, water cleaning (and detergent water cleaning), and chemical cleaning.  
1.2 Limitations—This practice is intended to clean architectural sandstone without damaging it or altering the surface profile. These procedures are not intended for interior stonework. Where work on surfaces of artistic, architectural, cultural, or historic significance is being considered, guidance from specialists should be sought.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 4.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Researchers in the field of coatings have recognized the need for a standardized substrate for evaluating coatings intended for use on cementitious surfaces. This practice describes the preparation of such panels.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for molding and curing cementitious panels for use in exposure testing of coatings designed for masonry or cementitious surfaces, although these may be suitable for other tests.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Surface cleaning is necessary to prepare clay brick masonry surfaces for application of coatings intended for water repellent protection. Surface cleaning helps to ensure proper adhesion or even penetration of the coating and to prevent unintended sealing-in of stains.  
4.2 This practice addresses surface cleaning only. Other preparation or remedial repairs, such as repointing the masonry or replacing of units, may be necessary and must be completed prior to application of the water repellent treatment.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of clay brick masonry to remove surface contaminants such as dirt, grease, loose material, soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, algae, etc. in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings without damaging or altering the surface appearance of the clay brick masonry.  
1.2 Procedures included in this practice are water cleaning, detergent water cleaning, pressurized water cleaning, steam cleaning, and acid cleaning. It is not intended for the cleaning of newly constructed brick masonry. Use of procedures described in this practice may not be appropriate where the surface is of a historical nature.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard information see Section 5 and Note 2 and Note 3.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is meant to simulate the ability of a coating system applied to a masonry block to withstand exposure to continuous water spray (rain) and a dynamic pressure equivalent to a 98 mph wind velocity without exhibiting water leaks or weight gain, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of the ability of coatings to resist the passage of water through masonry block when exposed to water spray and air pressure.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This test method details the standard procedure for evaluating the effect of water repellent treatments on the freeze-thaw resistance of hydraulic cement mortar specimens. This test method is designed to compare the effectiveness of water repellent treatments under conditions of freezing and thawing only, intended as a laboratory screening method for treatment selection and may not accurately reflect the performance of treated and untreated specimens in the field. This procedure requires the use of a balance, corrosion-resistant aluminum metal pan, weight per litre (gallon) cup, freezing chamber, forced draft oven, and stiff-nylon-bristled brush. Mortar specimens are treated with or immersed in a water repellent material, removed, and allowed to cure. After air drying, the treated specimens are weighed then subjected to various cycles of freezing and thawing. Periodic weighing and observations are made to determine weight loss and deleterious effects such as spalling and cracking.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the comparative effect of water repellent treatments on the freeze-thaw cycling of hydraulic cement mortar specimens.  
1.2 This test method is designed to compare the effectiveness of water repellent treatments under conditions of freezing and thawing only. This test method is intended as a laboratory screening method for treatment selection and may not accurately reflect the performance of treated and untreated specimens in the field. This test method is not intended to duplicate field conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is used to determine the nonvolatile content of silanes, siloxanes, and silane-siloxane blended materials used in masonry water-repellent treatments. It can be used for the purpose of calculating the volatile organic compound (VOC) content of these materials under specified test conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the nonvolatile content (Ns) of silanes, siloxanes, and blended silane-siloxane materials used in masonry water repellent treatments and is applicable to both solvent- and water-borne materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Researchers in the field of water repellent coatings have recognized the need for a standardized test for determining the performance of water repellents applied to structures in the field. Many coating manufacturer's supply warranties for their products based on maintaining a specific water repellency on concrete. This test method can be used to determine the effective water repellency of the coating by comparing its performance to a control uncoated specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for the determination of the water absorption by a core of concrete taken from a surface treated with a water repellent.  
1.2 The intended use of the water repellent coating is to reduce the amount of water that absorbs into the substrate.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of the ability of coatings to resist the passage of water through masonry block when exposed to water spray and air pressure.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of architectural sandstone to remove grease, dirt, loose material, and surface deposits such as soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, and algae and other biological growth in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings. Procedures include broom cleaning, vacuum cleaning, air blast cleaning, water cleaning (and detergent water cleaning), and chemical cleaning.
1.2 Limitations - This practice is intended to clean architectural sandstone without damaging it or altering the surface profile. These procedures are not intended for interior stonework. Where work on surfaces of artistic, architectural, cultural, or historic significance is being considered, guidance from specialists should be sought.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 4.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for molding and curing cementitious panels for use in exposure testing of coatings designed for masonry or cementitious surfaces, although these may be suitable for other tests.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Surface cleaning is necessary to prepare clay brick masonry surfaces for application of coatings intended for water repellent protection. Surface cleaning helps to ensure proper adhesion or even penetration of the coating and to prevent unintended sealing-in of stains.
This practice addresses surface cleaning only. Other preparation or remedial repairs, such as repointing the masonry or replacing of units, may be necessary and must be completed prior to application of the water repellent treatment.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of clay brick masonry to remove surface contaminants such as dirt, grease, loose material, soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, algae, etc. in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings without damaging or altering the surface appearance of the clay brick masonry.
1.2 Procedures included in this practice are water cleaning, detergent water cleaning, pressurized water cleaning, steam cleaning, and acid cleaning. It is not intended for the cleaning of newly constructed brick masonry. Use of procedures described in this practice may not be appropriate where the surface is of a historical nature.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard information see Section 5 and Note 2 and Note 3.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the nonvolatile content of silanes, siloxanes, and silane-siloxane blended materials used in masonry water-repellent treatments. It can be used for the purpose of calculating the volatile organic compound (VOC) content of these materials under specified test conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the nonvolatile content (N s) of silanes, siloxanes, and blended silane-siloxane materials used in masonry water repellent treatments and is applicable to both solvent- and water-borne materials.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.

ABSTRACT
This test method details the standard procedure for evaluating the effect of water repellent treatments on the freeze-thaw resistance of hydraulic cement mortar specimens. This test method is designed to compare the effectiveness of water repellent treatments under conditions of freezing and thawing only, intended as a laboratory screening method for treatment selection and may not accurately reflect the performance of treated and untreated specimens in the field. This procedure requires the use of a balance, corrosion-resistant aluminum metal pan, weight per litre (gallon) cup, freezing chamber, forced draft oven, and stiff-nylon-bristled brush. Mortar specimens are treated with or immersed in a water repellent material, removed, and allowed to cure. After air drying, the treated specimens are weighed then subjected to various cycles of freezing and thawing. Periodic weighing and observations are made to determine weight loss and deleterious effects such as spalling and cracking.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the comparative effect of water repellent treatments on the freeze-thaw cycling of hydraulic cement mortar specimens.
1.2 This test method is designed to compare the effectiveness of water repellent treatments under conditions of freezing and thawing only. This test method is intended as a laboratory screening method for treatment selection and may not accurately reflect the performance of treated and untreated specimens in the field. This test method is not intended to duplicate field conditions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
One of the factors affecting the performance provided by a cementitious treatment is how readily water vapor passes through it. Hence, the water vapor transmission characteristics of treatments are important in assessing their performance in practical use.
The purpose of this test method is to obtain values of water vapor transfer through treatments that range in permeability from high to low. These values are for use in design, manufacture, and marketing.
Water vapor transmission is not a linear function of film thickness, temperature or relative humidity.
Values of water vapor transmission rate (WVT) and water vapor permeance (WVP) can be used in the relative rating of treatments only if the treatments are tested under the same closely controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the rate at which water vapor passes through non film forming treatments, such as silanes, siloxanes and blends of silanes/siloxanes applied to cementitious substrates.
1.2 This test method covers the use of the wet cup technique, which most closely approaches the exterior conditions for use for these materials. Other conditions can be used if agreed upon between purchaser and supplier. Agreement should not be expected between results obtained by different methods or test conditions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units of measurement are designated as the standard. Factors for conversion to inch-pound units are given in 9.2.1.1 and 9.2.2.1.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Siliceous alkaline substrates are subject to water damage that may result in deterioration. Water repellents can provide protection of siliceous alkaline substrates exposed to water. This test method is used to evaluate the efficacy of clear water repellents on alkaline substrates.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear water repellents on hydraulic cement mortar specimens based on water absorption after a water soak.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Researchers in the field of water repellent coatings have recognized the need for a standardized test for determining the performance of water repellents applied to structures in the field. Many coating manufacturer’supply warranties for their products based on maintaining a specific water repellency on concrete. This test method can be used to determine the effective water repellency of the coating by comparing its performance to a control uncoated specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for the determination of the water absorption by a core of concrete taken from a surface treated with a water repellent.
1.2 The intended use of the water repellent coating is to reduce the amount of water that absorbs into the substrate.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Graffiti on buildings and structures is a significant problem in various regions across the country. A variety of coatings have been developed to be either resistant to the application of paints/marker or to aid in their removal. This standard practice describes a procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of anti-graffiti coatings applied to various concrete, masonry and natural stone substrates. It does not address graffiti removal on metal or any other non-mineral substrate.
This practice only addresses graffiti removal on substrates in a laboratory environment, that have not been exposed to either natural or artificial weathering. Specification D 6578 describes a method for graffiti removal after both natural and artificial weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a basic method for evaluating the performance of anti-graffiti products on mineral building substrates by a series of increasingly abrasive cleaning methods. The anti-graffiti materials are applied to a series of concrete, masonry and natural stone specimens for evaluation. Graffiti resistance is based on how a defined set of markings are removed by a designated set of cleaning techniques.
1.2 This practice also defines a procedure to evaluate graffiti removal after re-marking with subsequent re-cleaning. It does not address the re-treatment of substrates after a material is no longer graffiti resistant.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test is meant to simulate the ability of a coating applied to a basement or other below grade masonry walls to prevent the intrusion of water through the coating caused by hydrostatic pressure from water on the outside of the structure.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of coatings used in below grade applications to resist the passage of water through concrete block.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Surface cleaning is necessary to prepare architectural sandstone surfaces for application of coatings intended for water repellent protection. Surface cleaning of the sandstone substrate helps to ensure proper adhesion of the coating.
Use of procedures described in this practice may not be adequate where protective systems will be used for continuous or intermittent immersion or mechanical loading.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of architectural sandstone to remove grease, dirt, loose material, and surface deposits such as soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, and algae and other biological growth in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings. Procedures include broom cleaning, vacuum cleaning, air blast cleaning, water cleaning (and detergent water cleaning), and chemical cleaning.
1.2 Limitations—This practice is intended to clean architectural sandstone without damaging it or altering the surface profile. These procedures are not intended for interior stonework. Where work on surfaces of artistic, architectural, cultural, or historic significance is being considered, guidance from specialists should be sought.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 4.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Researchers in the field of coatings have recognized the need for a standardized substrate for evaluating coatings intended for use on cementitious surfaces. This practice describes the preparation of such panels.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for molding and curing cementitious panels for use in exposure testing of coatings designed for masonry or cementitious surfaces, although these may be suitable for other tests.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is meant to simulate the ability of a coating system applied to a masonry block to withstand exposure to continuous water spray (rain) and a dynamic pressure equivalent to a 98 mph wind velocity without exhibiting water leaks or weight gain, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of the ability of coatings to resist the passage of water through masonry block when exposed to water spray and air pressure.
1.2 The values given in inch-pound units are regarded as the preferred unit of measurement. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear water repellents on hydraulic cement mortar specimens based on water absorption after a water soak.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the rate at which water vapor passes through non film forming treatments, such as silanes, siloxanes and blends of silanes/siloxanes applied to cementitious substrates.
1.2 This test method covers the use of the wet cup technique, which most closely approaches the exterior conditions for use for these materials. Other conditions can be used if agreed upon between purchaser and supplier. Agreement should not be expected between results obtained by different methods or test conditions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units of measurement are designated as the standard. Factors for conversion to inch-pound units are given in and .
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for the determination of the water absorption by a core of concrete taken from a surface treated with a water repellent.
1.2 The intended use of the water repellent coating is to reduce the amount of water that absorbs into the substrate.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for molding and curing cementitious panels for use in exposure testing of coatings designed for masonry or cementitious surfaces, although these may be suitable for other tests.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of architectural sandstone to remove grease, dirt, loose material, and surface deposits such as soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, and algae and other biological growth in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings. Procedures include broom cleaning, vacuum cleaning, air blast cleaning, water cleaning (and detergent water cleaning), and chemical cleaning.
1.2 Limitations -This practice is intended to clean architectural sandstone without damaging it or altering the surface profile.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 4.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the comparative effect of water repellent treatments on the freeze-thaw cycling of hydraulic cement mortar specimens.
1.2 This test method is designed to compare the effectiveness of water repellent treatments under conditions of freezing and thawing only. This test method is intended as a laboratory screening method for treatment selection and may not accurately reflect the performance of treated and untreated specimens in the field. This test method is not intended to duplicate field conditions.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the comparative effect of water repellent treatments on the freeze-thaw cycling of hydraulic cement mortar specimens.
1.2 This test method is designed to compare the effectiveness of water repellent treatments under conditions of freezing and thawing only. This test method is intended as a laboratory screening method for treatment selection and may not accurately reflect the performance of treated and untreated specimens in the field. This test method is not intended to duplicate field conditions.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of clay brick masonry to remove surface contaminants such as dirt, grease, loose material, soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, algae, etc. in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings without damaging or altering the surface appearance of the clay brick masonry.
1.2 Procedures included in this practice are water cleaning, detergent water cleaning, pressurized water cleaning, steam cleaning, and acid cleaning. It is not intended for the cleaning of newly constructed brick masonry. Use of procedures described in this practice may not be appropriate where the surface is of a historical nature.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard information see Section 5 and Note 2 and Note 3.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of clay brick masonry to remove surface contaminants such as dirt, grease, loose material, soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues, algae, etc. in preparation for the application of water repellent coatings without damaging or altering the surface appearance of the clay brick masonry.
1.2 Procedures included in this practice are water cleaning, detergent water cleaning, pressurized water cleaning, steam cleaning, and acid cleaning. It is not intended for the cleaning of newly constructed brick masonry. Use of procedures described in this practice may not be appropriate where the surface is of a historical nature.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard information see Section 5 and Note 2 and Note 3.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the nonvolatile content (Ns) of silanes, siloxanes, and blended silane-siloxane materials used in masonry water repellent treatments and is applicable to both solvent- and water-borne materials.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the nonvolatile content (Ns) of silanes, siloxanes, and blended silane-siloxane materials used in masonry water repellent treatments and is applicable to both solvent- and water-borne materials.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.