ASTM D5703-95(2001)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D5703–95(Reapproved2001)
Standard Practice for
Preparatory Surface Cleaning for Clay Brick Masonry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5703; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope repellent protection. Surface cleaning helps to ensure proper
adhesion or even penetration of the coating and to prevent
1.1 This practice covers non-abrasive surface cleaning of
unintended sealing-in of stains.
clay brick masonry to remove surface contaminants such as
4.2 This practice addresses surface cleaning only. Other
dirt, grease, loose material, soot, fly ash, hydrocarbon residues,
preparation or remedial repairs, such as repointing the masonry
algae, etc. in preparation for the application of water repellent
or replacing of units, may be necessary and must be completed
coatings without damaging or altering the surface appearance
prior to application of the water repellent treatment.
of the clay brick masonry.
1.2 Procedures included in this practice are water cleaning,
5. Hazards
detergent water cleaning, pressurized water cleaning, steam
5.1 Localized stains (for example efflorescence and metallic
cleaning, and acid cleaning. It is not intended for the cleaning
stains) and previously applied coatings not compatible with the
of newly constructed brick masonry. Use of procedures de-
water repellent treatment may require removal by other surface
scribed in this practice may not be appropriate where the
cleaning methods. Failure to remove localized stains prior to
surface is of a historical nature.
application of the treatment may prevent later removal of the
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
stain.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
NOTE 1—Methods for removing localized stains, including use of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the non-proprietary chemical compounds, can be found in several references,
some of which are listed in Appendix X1.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.2 Do not perform water cleaning, detergent water clean-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ing, pressurized water cleaning, and acid cleaning at tempera-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
tures below 40°F.
information see Section 5 and Note 2 and Note 3.
5.3 Handle proprietary chemical cleaning products accord-
ing to manufacturer’s recommendations. Conform to estab-
2. Referenced Documents
lished federal, state, local and project requirements for use and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
disposal of materials. Provisions for collecting and removing
C43 Terminology of Structural Clay Products
cleaning effluent may be necessary.
5.4 Use the minimum effective pressure if pressure washing
3. Terminology
equipment is employed for water cleaning or for flushing the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
surface for detergent water cleaning or chemical cleaning.
3.1.1 slurry—a coating of finely ground clay, coloring
Avoid excessive pressure that could damage the masonry
agents,andwaterappliedtothesurfaceofclaybrickduringthe
surface.
manufacturing process prior to firing of the unit.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Sand may also be added to the slurry. 6. Procedure
3.2 For definitions of other terms found in this practice,
6.1 Water, detergent water, pressurized water, or scrubbing
refer to TerminologyC43.
are acceptable cleaning methods.Acid cleaning agents may be
used to remove surface deposits such as soot, fly ash, and
4. Significance and Use
hydrocarbon residues not removed by any of the above
4.1 Surface cleaning is necessary to prepare clay brick
methods. Precede and follow chemical and detergent cleaning
masonry surfaces for application of coatings intended for water
with a thorough fresh (potable) water rinse. Make provisions
for the removal of cleaning effluent generated.
6.2 If necessary, test cleaned surfaces for moisture content
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
prior to applying water repellent coating. Before and after
Subcommittee D01.47 on Masonry Treatment.
cleaning, test surface to be cleaned with proprietary chemical
Current edition approved April 15, 1995. Published June 1995.
2 compounds for pH.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.05.
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D5703–95 (2001)
6.3 Type and existing conditions of the substrate determine the masonry when applied under high pressure and become the
the selection of appropriate method(s). Select cleaning meth- source of future staining.
ods based on surface condition, clay brick unit color, mortar 6.4.2.2 Repeat 6.4.2.1 until water does not bead on the
color, and brick texture. Units with a sand finish or slurry surfaces.
6.4.3 Acid Cleaning—This procedure is similar to detergent
coated or glazed surface require special care. (See Appendix
X1 for guidance on selection of a cleaning technique.) water cleaning, but involves the use of proprietary acid
cleaning compounds (generally muriatic hydrofluoric and
6.4 Five types of cleaning procedures are described below.
phosphoric acids) for the removal of surface deposits such as
Prior to the initiation of cleaning, clean small test areas of
2 2
soot, fly ash, and hydrocarbon residues.
approximately 20 ft (1.9 m ) in inconspicuous areas of repre-
6.4.3.1 Precautions:
sentative soiling by the selected procedure to determine effec-
(1) Do not use muriatic acid compounds on light colored
tiveness and to establish a standard for the work. One or more
(white, tan, buff, pink) or gray, brown or black colored brick
of the procedures may be required to remove contaminants
units containing manganese. Manganese stains (“brown stain”)
from the masonry surface. Precautions on use are given where
may result when acid is used to clean such units.
applicable.
(2) Strong acid concentrations may etch or discolor brick
6.4.1 Water Cleaning—Removes dust, dirt and water-
and mortar joints.
soluble surface contaminants. Plain water cleaning may be by
(3) Acid cl
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