C24.40 - Weathering

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is difficult to establish a precise correlation between laboratory accelerated and natural weathering because of  (1) geographical climatic variations, local weather variation from normal, and local pollutants and (2) the fact that the acceleration factor is material dependent, varying with the type of material as well as its formulation. This test method is used to determine the resistance of a sealant to laboratory accelerated weathering and, if a control material with known outdoor weathering performance is used, the relative weathering performance of the sealant against that of the control material.  
5.2 This test method is conducted using aluminum channels. Other substrate materials may show different results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method includes two laboratory accelerated exposure procedures for predicting the effects of ultraviolet or ultraviolet/visible radiation, heat, and moisture on color, chalking, cracking, and adhesion of solvent-release sealants.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to induce color changes in sealants, as well as their constituent pigments, associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposures used in this test method are not intended to simulate the color change of a sealant caused by localized weathering phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, or saltwater exposure.  
5.2 When conducting exposures in devices that use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes associated with end-use environments for the sealant being tested. Information on the use and interpretation of data from accelerated exposure tests is provided in Practice G151.  
5.3 When this test method is used as part of a specification, exact procedure, test conditions, test duration and evaluation technique must be specified. Results obtained between the two procedures may vary, because the spectral power distribution of the light sources (fluorescent UV and xenon arc) differ. Sealants should not be compared to each other based on the results obtained in different types of apparatus.  
5.4 These devices are capable of matching ultraviolet solar radiation reasonably well. However, for sealants sensitive to long wavelength UV and visible solar radiation, the absence of this radiation in the fluorescent UV apparatus can distort color stability ranking when compared to exterior environment exposure.
Note 1: Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering of non-metallic materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes laboratory accelerated weathering procedures using either fluorescent ultraviolet or xenon arc test devices for determining the color stability of building construction sealants.  
1.2 Color stability rankings provided by these two procedures may not agree.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 There is no equivalent ISO standard for this test method.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is known that solar radiation contributes to the degradation of sealants in exterior building joints. The use of a laboratory accelerated weathering machine with actinic radiation, moisture and heat appears to be a feasible means to give indications of early degradation by the appearance of sealant cracking. However, simulated weather factors in combination with extension may produce more severe degradation than weather factors only. Therefore, the effect of the weathering test is made more sensitive by the addition of the bending of the specimen at cold temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the effects of accelerated weathering on cured-in-place elastomeric joint sealants (single- and multicomponent) for use in building construction.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other ASTM committees or other organizations.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the weatherability of construction seals and sealant materials when they are exposed to outdoor weather conditions. The weatherability of seals and sealants in actual outdoor use can be very different depending on the location because of differences in solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Sealant color may also affect weatherability.  
4.2 This practice allows for three options: Option 1 – Procedure A in which the effect of movement during weathering is not considered; Option 2 – Procedure B in which specimens are weathered in conjunction with movement based on thermal changes. The applied strain is proportional to a combination of the temperature at the time the equipment is set up and subsequent thermal changes. This option closely mimics the actual movements that occur in many sealant installations, but is less repeatable than the movement in Procedure C; Option 3 – Procedure C in which the strain during weathering is manually applied. This procedure allows for excellent control and repeatability, but is less representative of movement in actual use conditions than the movement in Procedure B. Options 2 and 3 have been added to this practice based on peer reviewed scientific literature demonstrating that applied strain separately and in combination with other weathering stresses causes changes in the weatherability of sealants.  
4.3 The type, frequency and amount of movement of sealants varies with location and may affect weatherability. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining weatherability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates (for example, solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, biological and other factors) that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.  
4.4 It is strongly recommended tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures to be used as part of a test designed to determine the weatherability of building construction, seals and sealants.
Note 1: See Practice G24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.  
1.2 This practice includes three procedures for outdoor weathering. Procedure A exposes specimens to outdoor weathering without movement. Procedure B and Procedure C are, respectively, continuous natural and periodic manual techniques for subjecting specimens to the combination of cyclic movement and exposure to outdoor weathering.  
1.3 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It refers to the types of evaluations to be performed following the outdoor exposure but does not describe the test methods.  
1.4 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use of the test material.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Staining of building materials is an aesthetically undesirable occurrence. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing an early stain on a porous substrate due to exudation of materials from the sealant. Since this is an accelerated test, it does not necessarily predict that the tested sealants will not stain or discolor porous substrates over longer periods of time.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers four types of laboratory tests to determine if a joint sealant has a probability of staining a porous substrate (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, granite, or other similar material). The tests are on compressed samples and include (1) storage under standard laboratory conditions, (2) storage in an oven, and (3) exposure in a fluorescent UV/condensation device, and (4) exposure in a xenon arc device.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This standard is similar, but not identical, to ISO 16938-1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method describes the procedure to evaluate or compare, or both, the durability of sealants when subjected to accelerated weathering and cyclic movement in a joint.  
4.2 Sealant installation procedures, design considerations and movement during cure affect the aging processes and are fundamental to the success of any sealant. These factors are not addressed with this test method.  
4.3 The amount, type and frequency of movement a sealant experiences during its lifetime strongly depends on the materials used in construction and on the orientation of the joint toward sunlight and many other factors that are not uniform or consistent.  
4.4 Climatic exposures will differ with the orientation of the building and shading as well as with local and regional climatic conditions. Climates in a given location can vary from year to year because of differences in solar radiation, temperature, rainfall, and atmospheric conditions. Further, the quality and intensity of solar radiation on the earth's surface varies with geographic location, season, time of day, and cloud cover.  
4.5 Variations in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this test method. Therefore, all test results using this test method must be accompanied by a report of the specific operating conditions as required in Section 11. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this test method.  
4.6 The results of laboratory exposure cannot be directly extrapolated to estimate an absolute rate of deterioration caused by natural weathering because the acceleration factor is material dependent and can be significantly different for each material and for different formulations of the same material. However, exposure of a similar material of known outdoor performance, a control, along with the test specimens allows comparison of the durability relative to that of the control under ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the method for the determination of the durability of a sealant based on its ability to function in cyclic movement maintaining adhesion and cohesion after repeated exposure to laboratory accelerated weathering procedures.  
1.2 This test method describes two laboratory accelerated weathering procedures for evaluating the durability of a sealant.  
1.3 RILEM TC139–DBS is related to this test method.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Accelerated weathering exposure serves to indicate long-term exterior durability of the sealant. In this test method, durability is tested when the sealant is used with wood or aluminum.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for the determination of aging effects of artificial weathering on latex sealants.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Currently there is no ISO standard similar to this test method.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Staining of a building is an aesthetically undesirable occurrence. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing early stain on a porous substrate due to certain chemical exudations from the sealant.  
4.1.1 This test method may not predict staining caused by such factors as residue run-down or dirt pick-up by a sealant exudate.  
4.2 This test method is useful to predict potential color changes in the sealant itself after weathering.  
4.3 This test method measures color change in a sealant and staining of substrate by the sealant under conditions of artificial weathering. See also Test Method D2203, which measures staining by a sealant due to gross exudations from the sealant; it does not subject the sealant to artificial weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated laboratory procedure to determine if a sample of a joint sealant will stain the substrate when in contract with masonry, concrete, or stone (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). This test method also is intended to determine whether the sealant itself will change in color when exposed to the weather.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice determines the effects of actinic radiation, elevated temperature, and moisture on sealants and their constituents under controlled laboratory artificial weather test conditions.  
5.2 When conducting exposures in devices which use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider (1) how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes caused by end-use environments on the sealant being tested and (2) the stability ranking of sealants. Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering.  
5.3 Because of differences in the spectral power distributions of the exposure sources (xenon arc, fluorescent UV lamps, and open flame carbon arc), as well as other conditions used in the three types of laboratory weathering tests, including temperature, type and amount of moisture, and test cycles, these three procedures may not result in the same performance ranking or types of failure modes of sealants. Further, different exposure durations may be required for testing the weathering performance of sealants by the three types of exposures. Comparisons should not be made of the relative stability of sealants exposed in the different types of apparatus.  
5.4 Variations in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all test results using this practice must be accompanied by a report of the specific operating conditions as required in Section 10. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.  
5.5 No laboratory exposure test can be specified as a total simulation of actual use conditions in outdoor environments. The relative durability of materials in actual use conditions can vary in different locations because of differences in UV radiation, time of wetness, relative humidity, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Results ob...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers three types of laboratory weathering exposure procedures for evaluating the effect of actinic radiation, heat, and moisture on sealants.  
1.2 The exposure sources used in the three types of artificial weathering devices are the filtered xenon arc, fluorescent ultraviolet lamps, and open flame carbon arc based on Practices G155, G154, and G152, respectively.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The ISO standard related to this Practice is ISO 11431. Significant differences exist between the procedures. The ISO specimens are exposed through glass and are elongated prior to examination for loss of adhesion or cohesion, or both, following exposure.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test evaluates the flexibility of artificially weathered latex sealants in a low-temperature environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for the determination of low-temperature flexibility of latex sealants after 500 h artificial weathering.  
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Currently there is no ISO standard similar to this test method.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to induce color changes in sealants, as well as their constituent pigments, associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposures used in this test method are not intended to simulate the color change of a sealant caused by localized weathering phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.  
5.2 When conducting exposures in devices that use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes associated with end-use environments for the sealant being tested. Information on the use and interpretation of data from accelerated exposure tests is provided in Practice G151.  
5.3 When this test method is used as part of a specification, exact procedure, test conditions, test duration and evaluation technique must be specified. Results obtained between the two procedures may vary, because the spectral power distribution of the light sources (fluorescent UV and xenon arc) differ. Sealants should not be compared to each other based on the results obtained in different types of apparatus.  
5.4 These devices are capable of matching ultraviolet solar radiation reasonably well. However, for sealants sensitive to long wavelength UV and visible solar radiation, the absence of this radiation in the fluorescent UV apparatus can distort color stability ranking when compared to exterior environment exposure.
Note 1: Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering of non-metallic materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes laboratory accelerated weathering procedures using either fluorescent ultraviolet or xenon arc test devices for determining the color stability of building construction sealants.  
1.2 Color stability rankings provided by these two procedures may not agree.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 There is no equivalent ISO standard for this test method.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Staining of building materials is an aesthetically undesirable occurrence. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing an early stain on a porous substrate due to exudation of materials from the sealant. Since this is an accelerated test, it does not necessarily predict that the tested sealants will not stain or discolor porous substrates over longer periods of time.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers four types of laboratory tests to determine if a joint sealant has a probability of staining a porous substrate (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). The tests are on compressed samples and include (1) storage under standard laboratory conditions, (2) storage in an oven, and (3) exposure in a fluorescent UV/condensation device, and (4) exposure in a xenon arc device.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the weatherability of construction seals and sealant materials when they are exposed to outdoor weather conditions. The weatherability of seals and sealants in actual outdoor use can be very different depending on the location because of differences in solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Sealant color may also affect weatherability.  
4.2 This practice allows for three options: Option 1 – Procedure A in which the effect of movement during weathering is not considered; Option 2 – Procedure B in which specimens are weathered in conjunction with movement based on thermal changes. The applied strain is proportional to a combination of the temperature at the time the equipment is set up and subsequent thermal changes. This option closely mimics the actual movements that occur in many sealant installations, but is less repeatable than the movement in Procedure C; Option 3 – Procedure C in which the strain during weathering is manually applied. This procedure allows for excellent control and repeatability, but is less representative of movement in actual use conditions than the movement in Procedure B. Options 2 and 3 have been added to this practice based on peer reviewed scientific literature demonstrating that applied strain separately and in combination with other weathering stresses causes changes in the weatherability of sealants.  
4.3 The type, frequency and amount of movement of sealants varies with location and may affect weatherability. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining weatherability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates (for example, solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, biological and other factors) that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.  
4.4 It is strongly recommended tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures to be used as part of a test designed to determine the weatherability of building construction, seals and sealants.
Note 1: See Practice G24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.  
1.2 This practice includes three procedures for outdoor weathering. Procedure A exposes specimens to outdoor weathering without movement. Procedure B and Procedure C are, respectively, continuous natural and periodic manual techniques for subjecting specimens to the combination of cyclic movement and exposure to outdoor weathering.  
1.3 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It refers to the types of evaluations to be performed following the outdoor exposure but does not describe the test methods.  
1.4 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use of the test material.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method describes the procedure to evaluate or compare, or both, the durability of sealants when subjected to accelerated weathering and cyclic movement in a joint.  
4.2 Sealant installation procedures, design considerations and movement during cure affect the aging processes and are fundamental to the success of any sealant. These factors are not addressed with this test method.  
4.3 The amount, type and frequency of movement a sealant experiences during its lifetime strongly depends on the materials used in construction and on the orientation of the joint toward sunlight and many other factors that are not uniform or consistent.  
4.4 Climatic exposures will differ with the orientation of the building and shading as well as with local and regional climatic conditions. Climates in a given location can vary from year to year because of differences in solar radiation, temperature, rainfall, and atmospheric conditions. Further, the quality and intensity of solar radiation on the earth's surface varies with geographic location, season, time of day, and cloud cover.  
4.5 Variations in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this test method. Therefore, all test results using this test method must be accompanied by a report of the specific operating conditions as required in Section 11. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this test method.  
4.6 The results of laboratory exposure cannot be directly extrapolated to estimate an absolute rate of deterioration caused by natural weathering because the acceleration factor is material dependent and can be significantly different for each material and for different formulations of the same material. However, exposure of a similar material of known outdoor performance, a control, along with the test specimens allows comparison of the durability relative to that of the control under ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the method for the determination of the durability of a sealant based on its ability to function in cyclic movement maintaining adhesion and cohesion after repeated exposure to laboratory accelerated weathering procedures.  
1.2 This test method describes two laboratory accelerated weathering procedures for evaluating the durability of a sealant.  
1.3 RILEM TC139–DBS is related to this test method.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the weatherability of construction seals and sealant materials when they are exposed to outdoor weather conditions. The weatherability of seals and sealants in actual outdoor use can be very different depending on the location because of differences in solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Sealant color may also affect weatherability.  
4.2 This practice allows for three options: Option 1 – Procedure A in which the effect of movement during weathering is not considered; Option 2 – Procedure B in which specimens are weathered in conjunction with movement based on thermal changes. The applied strain is proportional to a combination of the temperature at the time the equipment is set up and subsequent thermal changes. This option closely mimics the actual movements that occur in many sealant installations, but is less repeatable than the movement in Procedure C; Option 3 – Procedure C in which the strain during weathering is manually applied. This procedure allows for excellent control and repeatability, but is less representative of movement in actual use conditions than the movement in Procedure B. Options 2 and 3 have been added to this practice based on peer reviewed scientific literature demonstrating that applied strain separately and in combination with other weathering stresses causes changes in the weatherability of sealants.  
4.3 The type, frequency and amount of movement of sealants varies with location and may affect weatherability. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining weatherability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates (for example, solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, biological and other factors) that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.  
4.4 It is strongly recommended tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures to be used as part of a test designed to determine the weatherability of building construction, seals and sealants.
Note 1: See Practice G24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.  
1.2 This practice includes three procedures for outdoor weathering. Procedure A exposes specimens to outdoor weathering without movement. Procedure B and Procedure C are, respectively, continuous natural and periodic manual techniques for subjecting specimens to the combination of cyclic movement and exposure to outdoor weathering.  
1.3 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It refers to the types of evaluations to be performed following the outdoor exposure but does not describe the test methods.  
1.4 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use of the test material.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the weatherability of construction seals and sealant materials when they are exposed to outdoor weather conditions. The weatherability of seals and sealants in actual outdoor use can be very different depending on the location because of differences in solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Sealant color may also affect weatherability.  
4.2 This practice allows for three options: Option 1 – Procedure A in which the effect of movement during weathering is not considered; Option 2 – Procedure B in which specimens are weathered in conjunction with movement based on thermal changes. The applied strain is proportional to a combination of the temperature at the time the equipment is set up and subsequent thermal changes. This option closely mimics the actual movements that occur in many sealant installations, but is less repeatable than the movement in Procedure C; Option 3 – Procedure C in which the strain during weathering is manually applied. This procedure allows for excellent control and repeatability, but is less representative of movement in actual use conditions than the movement in Procedure B. Options 2 and 3 have been added to this practice based on peer reviewed scientific literature demonstrating that applied strain separately and in combination with other weathering stresses causes changes in the weatherability of sealants.  
4.3 The type, frequency and amount of movement of sealants varies with location and may affect weatherability. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining weatherability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates (for example, solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, biological and other factors) that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.  
4.4 It is strongly recommended tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures to be used as part of a test designed to determine the weatherability of building construction, seals and sealants.
Note 1: See Practice G24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.  
1.2 This practice includes three procedures for outdoor weathering. Procedure A exposes specimens to outdoor weathering without movement. Procedure B and Procedure C are, respectively, continuous natural and periodic manual techniques for subjecting specimens to the combination of cyclic movement and exposure to outdoor weathering.  
1.3 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It refers to the types of evaluations to be performed following the outdoor exposure but does not describe the test methods.  
1.4 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use of the test material.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is known that solar radiation contributes to the degradation of sealants in exterior building joints. The use of a laboratory accelerated weathering machine with actinic radiation, moisture and heat appears to be a feasible means to give indications of early degradation by the appearance of sealant cracking. However, simulated weather factors in combination with extension may produce more severe degradation than weather factors only. Therefore, the effect of the weathering test is made more sensitive by the addition of the bending of the specimen at cold temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the effects of accelerated weathering on cured-in-place elastomeric joint sealants (single- and multicomponent) for use in building construction.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other ASTM committees or other organizations.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the weatherability of construction seals and sealant materials when they are exposed to outdoor weather conditions. The weatherability of seals and sealants in actual outdoor use can be very different depending on the location because of differences in solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Sealant color may also affect weatherability.  
4.2 This practice allows for three options: Option 1 – Procedure A in which the effect of movement during weathering is not considered; Option 2 – Procedure B in which specimens are weathered in conjunction with movement based on thermal changes. The applied strain is proportional to a combination of the temperature at the time the equipment is set up and subsequent thermal changes. This option closely mimics the actual movements that occur in many sealant installations, but is less repeatable than the movement in Procedure C; Option 3 – Procedure C in which the strain during weathering is manually applied. This procedure allows for excellent control and repeatability, but is less representative of movement in actual use conditions than the movement in Procedure B. Options 2 and 3 have been added to this practice based on peer reviewed scientific literature demonstrating that applied strain separately and in combination with other weathering stresses causes changes in the weatherability of sealants.  
4.3 The type, frequency and amount of movement of sealants varies with location and may affect weatherability. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining weatherability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates (for example, solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, biological and other factors) that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.  
4.4 It is strongly recommended tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures to be used as part of a test designed to determine the weatherability of building construction, seals and sealants.
Note 1: See Practice G24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.  
1.2 This practice includes three procedures for outdoor weathering. Procedure A exposes specimens to outdoor weathering without movement. Procedure B and Procedure C are, respectively, continuous natural and periodic manual techniques for subjecting specimens to the combination of cyclic movement and exposure to outdoor weathering.  
1.3 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It refers to the types of evaluations to be performed following the outdoor exposure but does not describe the test methods.  
1.4 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use of the test material.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Accelerated weathering exposure serves to indicate long-term exterior durability of the sealant. In this test method, durability is tested when the sealant is used with wood or aluminum.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for the determination of aging effects of artificial weathering on latex sealants.  
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Currently there is no ISO standard similar to this test method.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Staining of a building is an aesthetically undesirable occurrence. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing early stain on a porous substrate due to certain chemical exudations from the sealant.  
4.1.1 This test method may not predict staining caused by such factors as residue run-down or dirt pick-up by a sealant exudate.  
4.2 This test method is useful to predict potential color changes in the sealant itself after weathering.  
4.3 This test method measures color change in a sealant and staining of substrate by the sealant under conditions of artificial weathering. See also Test Method D2203, which measures staining by a sealant due to gross exudations from the sealant; it does not subject the sealant to artificial weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated laboratory procedure to determine if a sample of a joint sealant will stain the substrate when in contract with masonry, concrete, or stone (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). This test method also is intended to determine whether the sealant itself will change in color when exposed to the weather.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The value given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the weatherability of construction seals and sealant materials when they are exposed to outdoor weather conditions. The weatherability of seals and sealants in actual outdoor use can be very different depending on the location because of differences in solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Sealant color may also affect weatherability.  
4.2 This practice allows for three options: Option 1 – Procedure A in which the effect of movement during weathering is not considered; Option 2 – Procedure B in which specimens are weathered in conjunction with movement based on thermal changes. The applied strain is proportional to a combination of the temperature at the time the equipment is set up and subsequent thermal changes. This option closely mimics the actual movements that occur in many sealant installations, but is less repeatable than the movement in Procedure C; Option 3 – Procedure C in which the strain during weathering is manually applied. This procedure allows for excellent control and repeatability, but is less representative of movement in actual use conditions than the movement in Procedure B. Options 2 and 3 have been added to this practice based on peer reviewed scientific literature demonstrating that applied strain separately and in combination with other weathering stresses causes changes in the weatherability of sealants.  
4.3 The type, frequency and amount of movement of sealants varies with location and may affect weatherability. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining weatherability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates (for example, solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, biological and other factors) that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.  
4.4 It is strongly recommended tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures to be used as part of a test designed to determine the weatherability of building construction, seals and sealants.
Note 1: See Practice G24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.  
1.2 This practice includes three procedures for outdoor weathering. Procedure A exposes specimens to outdoor weathering without movement. Procedure B and Procedure C are, respectively, continuous natural and periodic manual techniques for subjecting specimens to the combination of cyclic movement and exposure to outdoor weathering.  
1.3 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It refers to the types of evaluations to be performed following the outdoor exposure but does not describe the test methods.  
1.4 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use of the test material.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test evaluates the flexibility of artificially weathered latex sealants in a low-temperature environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for the determination of low-temperature flexibility of latex sealants after 500 h artificial weathering.  
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Currently there is no ISO standard similar to this test method.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is difficult to establish a precise correlation between laboratory accelerated and natural weathering because of  (1) geographical climatic variations, local weather variation from normal, and local pollutants and (2) the fact that the acceleration factor is material dependent, varying with the type of material as well as its formulation. This test method is used to determine the resistance of a sealant to laboratory accelerated weathering and, if a control material with known outdoor weathering performance is used, the relative weathering performance of the sealant against that of the control material.  
5.2 This test method is conducted using aluminum channels. Other substrate materials may show different results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method includes two laboratory accelerated exposure procedures for predicting the effects of ultraviolet or ultraviolet/visible radiation, heat, and moisture on color, chalking, cracking, and adhesion of solvent-release sealants.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice determines the effects of actinic radiation, elevated temperature, and moisture on sealants and their constituents under controlled laboratory artificial weather test conditions.  
5.2 When conducting exposures in devices which use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider (1) how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes caused by end-use environments on the sealant being tested and (2) the stability ranking of sealants. Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering.  
5.3 Because of differences in the spectral power distributions of the exposure sources (xenon arc, fluorescent UV lamps, and open flame carbon arc), as well as other conditions used in the three types of laboratory weathering tests, including temperature, type and amount of moisture, and test cycles, these three procedures may not result in the same performance ranking or types of failure modes of sealants. Further, different exposure durations may be required for testing the weathering performance of sealants by the three types of exposures. Comparisons should not be made of the relative stability of sealants exposed in the different types of apparatus.  
5.4 Variations in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all test results using this practice must be accompanied by a report of the specific operating conditions as required in Section 10. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.  
5.5 No laboratory exposure test can be specified as a total simulation of actual use conditions in outdoor environments. The relative durability of materials in actual use conditions can vary in different locations because of differences in UV radiation, time of wetness, relative humidity, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Results ob...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers three types of laboratory weathering exposure procedures for evaluating the effect of actinic radiation, heat, and moisture on sealants.  
1.2 The exposure sources used in the three types of artificial weathering devices are the filtered xenon arc, fluorescent ultraviolet lamps, and open flame carbon arc based on Practices G155, G154, and G152, respectively.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.4 The ISO standard related to this Practice is ISO 11431. Significant differences exist between the procedures. The ISO specimens are exposed through glass and are elongated prior to examination for loss of adhesion or cohesion, or both, following exposure.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to induce color changes in sealants, as well as their constituent pigments, associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposures used in this test method are not intended to simulate the color change of a sealant caused by localized weathering phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.  
5.2 When conducting exposures in devices that use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes associated with end-use environments for the sealant being tested. Information on the use and interpretation of data from accelerated exposure tests is provided in Practice G151.  
5.3 When this test method is used as part of a specification, exact procedure, test conditions, test duration and evaluation technique must be specified. Results obtained between the two procedures may vary, because the spectral power distribution of the light sources (fluorescent UV and xenon arc) differ. Sealants should not be compared to each other based on the results obtained in different types of apparatus.  
5.4 These devices are capable of matching ultraviolet solar radiation reasonably well. However, for sealants sensitive to long wavelength UV and visible solar radiation, the absence of this radiation in the fluorescent UV apparatus can distort color stability ranking when compared to exterior environment exposure.
Note 1: Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering of non-metallic materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes laboratory accelerated weathering procedures using either fluorescent ultraviolet or xenon arc test devices for determining the color stability of building construction sealants.  
1.2 Color stability rankings provided by these two procedures may not agree.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 There is no equivalent ISO standard for this test method.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the weatherability of construction seals and sealant materials when they are exposed to outdoor weather conditions. The weatherability of seals and sealants in actual outdoor use can be very different depending on the location because of differences in solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Sealant color may also affect weatherability.  
4.2 This practice allows for three options: Option 1 – Procedure A in which the effect of movement during weathering is not considered; Option 2 – Procedure B in which specimens are weathered in conjunction with movement based on thermal changes. The applied strain is proportional to a combination of the temperature at the time the equipment is set up and subsequent thermal changes. This option closely mimics the actual movements that occur in many sealant installations, but is less repeatable than the movement in Procedure C; Option 3 – Procedure C in which the strain during weathering is manually applied. This procedure allows for excellent control and repeatability, but is less representative of movement in actual use conditions than the movement in Procedure B. Options 2 and 3 have been added to this practice based on peer reviewed scientific literature demonstrating that applied strain separately and in combination with other weathering stresses causes changes in the weatherability of sealants.  
4.3 The type, frequency and amount of movement of sealants varies with location and may affect weatherability. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining weatherability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates (for example, solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, biological and other factors) that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.  
4.4 It is strongly recommended tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures to be used as part of a test designed to determine the weatherability of building construction, seals and sealants.Note 1—See Practice G24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.  
1.2 This practice includes three procedures for outdoor weathering. Procedure A exposes specimens to outdoor weathering without movement. Procedure B and Procedure C are, respectively, continuous natural and periodic manual techniques for subjecting specimens to the combination of cyclic movement and exposure to outdoor weathering.  
1.3 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It refers to the types of evaluations to be performed following the outdoor exposure but does not describe the test methods.  
1.4 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use of the test material.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the weatherability of construction seals and sealant materials when they are exposed to outdoor weather conditions. The weatherability of seals and sealants in actual outdoor use can be very different depending on the location, because of differences in solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Sealant color may also affect weatherability.  
4.2 The type, frequency and amount of movement of sealants varies with location and may affect weatherability. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining weatherability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates (for example, solar radiation, moisture, temperature, pollutants, biological and other factors) that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.  
4.3 It is strongly recommended that control materials of similar composition and construction to the test specimens and with known weatherability be exposed along with the test specimens for the purpose of comparing the performance of test materials to the controls. It is preferable to use two control materials, one with relatively good weatherability and one with relatively poor weatherability.  
4.4 The results of short-term exposure tests can provide an indication of relative outdoor performance, but they shall not be used to predict the absolute long-term performance of a seal or sealant material. The results of tests conducted for less than 12 months will depend on the particular season of the year in which they begin.  
4.5 Because of year-to-year climatatological variations, results from a single exposure test cannot be used to predict the absolute rate at which a seal or sealant degrades. Several years of repeat exposures are needed to determine an average test result for a given location.  
4.6 Climatic and construction fa...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures to be used as part of a test designed to determine the weatherability of building construction, seals and sealants.Note 1—See Practice G24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.  
1.2 This practice includes three procedures for outdoor weathering. Procedure A exposes specimens to outdoor weathering without movement. Procedure B and Procedure C are, respectively, continuous natural and periodic manual techniques for subjecting specimens to the combination of cyclic movement and exposure to outdoor weathering.  
1.3 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It refers to the types of evaluations to be performed following the outdoor exposure but does not describe the test methods.  
1.4 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use of the test material.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Staining of building materials is an aesthetically undesirable occurrence. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing an early stain on a porous substrate due to exudation of materials from the sealant. Since this is an accelerated test, it does not necessarily predict that the tested sealants will not stain or discolor porous substrates over longer periods of time.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers four types of laboratory tests to determine if a joint sealant has a probability of staining a porous substrate (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). The tests are on compressed samples and include (1) storage under standard laboratory conditions, (2) storage in an oven, and (3) exposure in a fluorescent UV/condensation device, and (4) exposure in a xenon arc device.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is difficult to establish a precise correlation between laboratory accelerated and natural weathering because of  (1) geographical climatic variations, local weather variation from normal, and local pollutants and (2) the fact that the acceleration factor is material dependent, varying with the type of material as well as its formulation. This test method is used to determine the resistance of a sealant to laboratory accelerated weathering and, if a control material with known outdoor weathering performance is used, the relative weathering performance of the sealant against that of the control material.  
5.2 This test method is conducted using aluminum channels. Other substrate materials may show different results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method includes two laboratory accelerated exposure procedures for predicting the effects of ultraviolet or ultraviolet/visible radiation, heat, and moisture on color, chalking, cracking, and adhesion of solvent-release sealants.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test evaluates the flexibility of artificially weathered latex sealants in a low-temperature environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for the determination of low-temperature flexibility of latex sealants after 500 h artificial weathering.
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—Currently there is no ISO standard similar to this test method.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Accelerated weathering exposure serves to indicate long-term exterior durability of the sealant. In this test method, durability is tested when the sealant is used with wood or aluminum.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for the determination of aging effects of artificial weathering on latex sealants.
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—Currently there is no ISO standard similar to this test method.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Staining of a building is an aesthetically undesireable occurance. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing early stain on a porous substrate due to certain chemical exudations from the sealant.
This test method may not predict staining caused by such factors as residue run-down or dirt pick-up by a sealant exudate.
This test method is useful to predict potential color changes in the sealant itself after weathering.
This test method measures color change in a sealant and staining of substrate by the sealant under conditions of artificial weathering. See also Test Method D2203, which measures staining by a sealant due to gross exudations from the sealant; it does not subject the sealant to artificial weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated laboratory procedure to determine if a sample of a joint sealant will stain the substrate when in contract with masonry, concrete, or stone (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). This test method also is intended to determine whether the sealant itself will change in color when exposed to the weather.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The value given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice determines the effects of actinic radiation, elevated temperature, and moisture on sealants and their constituents under controlled laboratory artificial weather test conditions.
When conducting exposures in devices which use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider (1) how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes caused by end-use environments on the sealant being tested and (2) the stability ranking of sealants. Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering.
Because of differences in the spectral power distributions of the exposure sources (xenon arc, fluorescent UV lamps, and open flame carbon arc), as well as other conditions used in the three types of laboratory weathering tests, including temperature, type and amount of moisture, and test cycles, these three procedures may not result in the same performance ranking or types of failure modes of sealants. Further, different exposure durations may be required for testing the weathering performance of sealants by the three types of exposures. Comparisons should not be made of the relative stability of sealants exposed in the different types of apparatus.
Variations in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all test results using this practice must be accompanied by a report of the specific operating conditions as required in Section 10. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.
No laboratory exposure test can be specified as a total simulation of actual use conditions in outdoor environments. The relative durability of materials in actual use conditions can vary in different locations because of differences in UV radiation, time of wetness, relative humidity, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Results obtained from these labora...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers three types of laboratory weathering exposure procedures for evaluating the effect of actinic radiation, heat, and moisture on sealants.
1.2 The exposure sources used in the three types of artificial weathering devices are the filtered xenon arc, fluorescent ultraviolet lamps, and open flame carbon arc based on Practices G155, G154, and G152, respectively.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.4 The ISO standard related to this Practice is ISO 11431. Significant differences exist between the procedures. The ISO specimens are exposed through glass and are elongated prior to examination for loss of adhesion or cohesion, or both, following exposure.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method describes the procedure to evaluate or compare, or both, the durability of sealants when subjected to accelerated weathering and cyclic movement in a joint.
Sealant installation procedures, design considerations and movement during cure affect the aging processes and are fundamental to the success of any sealant. These factors are not addressed with this test method.
The amount, type and frequency of movement a sealant experiences during its lifetime strongly depends on the materials used in construction and on the orientation of the joint toward sunlight and many other factors that are not uniform or consistent.
Climatic exposures will differ with the orientation of the building and shading as well as with local and regional climatic conditions. Climates in a given location can vary from year to year because of differences in solar radiation, temperature, rainfall, and atmospheric conditions. Further, the quality and intensity of solar radiation on the earth's surface varies with geographic location, season, time of day, and cloud cover.
Variations in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this test method. Therefore, all test results using this test method must be accompanied by a report of the specific operating conditions as required in Section 12. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this test method.
The results of laboratory exposure cannot be directly extrapolated to estimate an absolute rate of deterioration caused by natural weathering because the acceleration factor is material dependent and can be significantly different for each material and for different formulations of the same material. However, exposure of a similar material of known outdoor performance, a control, along with the test specimens allows comparison of the durability relative to that of the control under the test conditions. Evaluati...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the method for the determination of the durability of a sealant based on its ability to function in cyclic movement maintaining adhesion and cohesion after repeated exposure to laboratory accelerated weathering procedures.
1.2 This test method describes two laboratory accelerated weathering procedures for evaluating the durability of a sealant.
1.3 RILEM TC139–DBS is related to this test method.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is known that solar radiation contributes to the degradation of sealants in exterior building joints. The use of a laboratory accelerated weathering machine with actinic radiation, moisture and heat appears to be a feasible means to give indications of early degradation by the appearance of sealant cracking. However, simulated weather factors in combination with extension may produce more severe degradation than weather factors only. Therefore, the effect of the weathering test is made more sensitive by the addition of the bending of the specimen at cold temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the effects of accelerated weathering on cured-in-place elastomeric joint sealants (single- and multicomponent) for use in building construction.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other ASTM committees or other organizations.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to induce color changes in sealants, as well as their constituent pigments, associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposures used in this test method are not intended to simulate the color change of a sealant caused by localized weathering phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.
When conducting exposures in devices that use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes associated with end-use environments for the sealant being tested. Information on the use and interpretation of data from accelerated exposure tests is provided in ASTM G 151.
When this test method is used as part of a specification, exact procedure, test conditions, test duration and evaluation technique must be specified. Results obtained between the two procedures may vary, because the spectral power distribution of the light sources (fluorescent UV and xenon arc) differ. Sealants should not be compared to each other based on the results obtained in different types of apparatus.
These devices are capable of matching ultraviolet solar radiation reasonably well. However, for sealants sensitive to long wavelength UV and visible solar radiation, the absence of this radiation in the fluorescent UV apparatus can distort color stability ranking when compared to exterior environment exposure.
Note 1—Refer to Practices G 151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering of non-metallic materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes laboratory accelerated weathering procedures using either fluorescent ultraviolet or xenon arc test devices for determining the color stability of building construction sealants.
1.2 Color stability rankings provided by these two procedures may not agree.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 There is no equivalent ISO standard for this test method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Staining of building materials is an aesthetically undesirable occurrence. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing an early stain on a porous substrate due to exudation of materials from the sealant. Since this is an accelerated test, it does not necessarily predict that the tested sealants will not stain or discolor porous substrates over longer periods of time.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers four types of laboratory tests to determine if a joint sealant has a probability of staining a porous substrate (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). The tests are on compressed samples and include (1) storage under standard laboratory conditions, (2) storage in an oven, and (3) exposure in a fluorescent UV/condensation device, and (4) exposure in a xenon arc device.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test evaluates the flexibility of artificially weathered latex sealants in a low-temperature environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for the determination of low-temperature flexibility of latex sealants after 500 h artificial weathering.
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1
Currently there is no ISO standard similar to this test method.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Accelerated weathering exposure serves to indicate long-term exterior durability of the sealant. In this test method, durability is tested when the sealant is used with wood or aluminum.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for the determination of aging effects of artificial weathering on latex sealants.
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1
Currently there is no ISO standard similar to this test method.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is difficult to establish a precise correlation between laboratory accelerated and natural weathering because of (1) geographical climatic variations, local weather variation from normal, and local pollutants and (2) the fact that the acceleration factor is material dependent, varying with the type of material as well as its formulation. This test method is used to determine the resistance of a sealant to laboratory accelerated weathering and, if a control material with known outdoor weathering performance is used, the relative weathering performance of the sealant against that of the control material.
This test method is conducted using aluminum channels. Other substrate materials may show different results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method includes two laboratory accelerated exposure procedures for predicting the effects of ultraviolet or ultraviolet/visible radiation, heat, and moisture on color, chalking, cracking, and adhesion of solvent-release sealants.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers three types of laboratory weathering exposure procedures for evaluating the effect of actinic radiation, heat, and moisture on sealants.
1.2 The exposure sources used in the three types of artificial weathering devices are the filtered xenon arc, fluorescent ultraviolet lamps, and open flame carbon arc based on Practices G 155, G 154, and G 152, respectively.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.4 The ISO standard related to this Practice is ISO 11431. Significant differences exist between the procedures. The ISO specimens are exposed through glass and are elongated prior to examination for loss of adhesion or cohesion, or both, following exposure.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method includes two laboratory accelerated exposure procedures for predicting the effects of ultraviolet or ultraviolet/visible radiation, heat, and moisture on color, chalking, cracking, and adhesion of solvent-release sealants.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Staining of building materials is an aesthetically undesirable occurrence. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing an early stain on a porous substrate due to exudation of materials from the sealant. Since this is an accelerated test, it does not necessarily predict that the tested sealants will not stain or discolor porous substrates over longer periods of time.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers four types of laboratory tests to determine if a joint sealant has a probability of staining a porous substrate (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). The tests are on compressed samples and include (1) storage under standard laboratory conditions, (2) storage in an oven, and (3) exposure in a fluorescent UV/condensation device, and (4) exposure in a xenon arc device.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is known that solar radiation contributes to the degradation of sealants in exterior building joints. The use of a laboratory accelerated weathering machine with actinic radiation, moisture and heat appears to be a feasible means to give indications of early degradation by the appearance of sealant cracking. However, simulated weather factors in combination with extension may produce more severe degradation than weather factors only. Therefore, the effect of the weathering test is made more sensitive by the addition of the bending of the specimen at cold temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the effects of accelerated weathering on cured-in-place elastomeric joint sealants (single- and multicomponent) for use in building construction.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other ASTM committees or other organizations.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Staining of a building is an aesthetically undesireable occurance. This test method evaluates the likelihood of a sealant causing early stain on a porous substrate due to certain chemical exudations from the sealant.
4.1.1 This test method may not predict staining caused by such factors as residue run-down or dirt pick-up by a sealant exudate.
This test method is useful to predict potential color changes in the sealant itself after weathering.
This test method measures color change in a sealant and staining of substrate by the sealant under conditions of artificial weathering. See also Test Method D 2203, which measures staining by a sealant due to gross exudations from the sealant; it does not subject the sealant to artificial weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated laboratory procedure to determine if a sample of a joint sealant will stain the substrate when in contract with masonry, concrete, or stone (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). This test method also is intended to determine whether the sealant itself will change in color when exposed to the weather.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The value given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes an accelerated laboratory procedure to determine if a sample of a joint sealant will stain the substrate when in contract with masonry, concrete, or stone (such as marble, limestone, sandstone, and granite). This test method also is intended to determine whether the sealant itself will change in color when exposed to the weather.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The value given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes outdoor exposure procedures used to determine the weathering durability of building construction, seals and sealants.
Note 1—See Practice G 24 for Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass.
1.2 This practice is limited to the method by which the construction seals or sealants are exposed to outdoor weathering as part of a test program. It does not describe the test methods to be performed following the outdoor exposure. It is intended for specimens of any size and shape to be used in static or dynamic tests.
1.3 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use for the test material.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to induce color changes in sealants, as well as their constituent pigments, associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposures used in this test method are not intended to simulate the color change of a sealant caused by localized weathering phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.
When conducting exposures in devices that use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes associated with end-use environments for the sealant being tested. Information on the use and interpretation of data from accelerated exposure tests is provided in ASTM G 151.
When this test method is used as part of a specification, exact procedure, test conditions, test duration and evaluation technique must be specified. Results obtained between the two procedures may vary, because the spectral power distribution of the light sources (fluorescent UV and xenon arc) differ. Sealants should not be compared to each other based on the results obtained in different types of apparatus.
These devices are capable of matching ultraviolet solar radiation reasonably well. However, for sealants sensitive to long wavelength UV and visible solar radiation, the absence of this radiation in the fluorescent UV apparatus can distort color stability ranking when compared to exterior environment exposure.
Note 1—Refer to Practices G 151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering of non-metallic materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes laboratory accelerated weathering procedures using either fluorescent ultraviolet or xenon arc test devices for determining the color stability of building construction sealants.
1.2 Color stability rankings provided by these two procedures may not agree.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 There is no equivalent ISO standard for this test method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the effects of accelerated weathering on cured-in-place elastomeric joint sealants (single- and multicomponent) for use in building construction.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other ASTM committees or other organizations.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides an accelerated procedure for predicting the effects of ultraviolet light, heat, and moisture exposure on color, chalking, cracking, and adhesion of solvent-release sealants.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.