oSIST prEN ISO 18739:2025

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2025
Zobozdravstvo - Slovar procesa za sisteme CAD/CAM (ISO/DIS 18739:2025)
Dentistry - Vocabulary of process chain for CAD/CAM systems (ISO/DIS 18739:2025)
Zahnheilkunde - Vokabular der Prozesskette für CAD/CAM-Systeme (ISO/DIS
18739:2025)
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Vocabulaire de la chaîne de processus pour les systèmes de
CFAO (ISO/DIS 18739:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 18739
ICS:
01.040.11 Zdravstveno varstvo Health care technology
(Slovarji) (Vocabularies)
11.060.01 Zobozdravstvo na splošno Dentistry in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 18739
ISO/TC 106/SC 9
Dentistry — Vocabulary of process
Secretariat: JISC
chain for CAD/CAM systems
Voting begins on:
Médecine bucco-dentaire — Vocabulaire de la chaîne de procédé
2025-04-09
applicable aux systèmes de CFAO
Voting terminates on:
ICS: 11.060.01; 01.040.11 2025-07-02
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Reference number
ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
DRAFT
ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 18739
ISO/TC 106/SC 9
Dentistry — Vocabulary of process
Secretariat: JISC
chain for CAD/CAM systems
Voting begins on:
Médecine bucco-dentaire — Vocabulaire de la chaîne de procédé
applicable aux systèmes de CFAO
Voting terminates on:
ICS: 11.060.01; 01.040.11
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
© ISO 2025
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
ii
ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Process step terms .1
3.2 Measurement and calibration terms . .9
Annex A (informative) Process chain for CAD/CAM system .13
Bibliography . 14
Index .15

iii
ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity, or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106, Dentistry, Subcommittee SC 9, Dental
CAD/CAM Systems, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical
Committee CEN/TC 55, Dentistry, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO
and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 18739:2016), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— terms used in the process chain given in ISO documents prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106,
Subcommittee SC 9 have been added;
— new terms used in the process chain used in the process chain have been added;
— information given in SOURCE has been updated.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
Introduction
Terms and designations for individual system parts and process steps used in product descriptions and
instructions for use provided by the manufacturers of dental CAD/CAD systems differ from each other,
thus creating confusion among dentists and dental technicians. In order to overcome these ambiguities, it
was decided to prepare an International Standard for terminology used in the process chain for CAD/CAM
systems.
In the terminological entries, first the preferred term and then the admitted terms which have been in use
so far are given. For the future it is recommended to use the preferred terms instead of the admitted terms.

v
DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
Dentistry — Vocabulary of process chain for CAD/CAM systems
1 Scope
This document defines terms and definitions used in the process chain for CAD/CAM systems in dentistry in
the process chain for CAD/CAM systems in dentistry (see Annex A).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1942, Dentistry — Vocabulary
ISO 5725-1, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 1: General principles
and definitions
ISO 16443, Dentistry — Vocabulary for dental implants systems and related procedure
ISO/ASTM 52900, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Fundamentals and vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions given in ISO 1942, ISO 16443, ISO 5725-1, ISO/ASTM 52900 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Process step terms
3.1.1
3D data acquisition
three dimensional data acquisition
3D digitization and generation of a digital data set
3.1.2
3D data acquisition system
three dimensional data acquisition system
hardware and software used for 3D data acquisition
3.1.3
3D file format
common file formats used for storing or encoding information about a 3D model’s geometry, colour, texture,
etc., as plain text or binary data commonly used in CAD (3.1.16) / CAM (3.1.17)
EXAMPLE Wavefront object (.obj), polygon model (.ply), binary or ASCII stereolithography (.stl)

ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
3.1.4
3D scanning
3D digitizing
raw data acquisition
method of acquiring the shape and size of an object as a 3-dimensional representation by recording x,y,z
coordinates on the objects surface and through software the collection of points is converted into digital data
Note 1 to entry: This collection of data via the scanning process creates a raw data set (3.1.23).
Note 2 to entry: Typical methods use some amount of automation, coupled with a touch probe or an optical sensor, or
other device.
Note 3 to entry: In additive manufacturing (3.1.7) process chains, 3D scanning can typically be used for generation of
surface models, in situ monitoring, non-destructive testing as well as verification of part geometry.
[SOURCE: ISO/ASTM 52900:2021, 3.4.13, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.1.5
3D printing
fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer
technology
Note 1 to entry: This term is often used in a non-technical context synonymously with additive manufacturing (3.1.7)
and, in these cases, typically associated with machines used for non-industrial purposes including personal use.
[SOURCE: ISO/ASTM 52900:2021, 3.3.1]
3.1.6
activation key
dongle
means to allow for the operation, designing, production, and or fabrication of a dental restoration, a dental
prosthesis and a dental appliance using CAD (3.1.16) / CAM (3.1.17) technologies when the software is either
considered closed or proprietary
3.1.7
additive manufacturing
AM
process of joining materials to make parts from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to
subtractive manufacturing and formative manufacturing methodologies
Note 1 to entry: Historical terms include: additive fabrication, additive processes, additive techniques, additive layer
manufacturing, layer manufacturing, solid freeform fabrication, and freeform fabrication.
Note 2 to entry: The meaning of “additive-”, “subtractive-” and “formative-” manufacturing methodologies is further
discussed in ISO/ASTM 52900:2021, Annex B.
[SOURCE: ISO/ASTM 52900:2021, 3.1.2, modified – Annex B has been replaced with ISO/ASTM 52900:2021,
Annex B, removed italicized terms “parts”, “layer” and hyperlinks to ISO/ASTM 52900:2021 3.91 and 3.3.7
respectively. In note 2, removed hyperlink to “Annex B” and added “of document ISO/ASTM 52900:2021”.]
3.1.8
artefact
unwanted or unintended feature or defect that results from the computer-aided design in the data acquisition
step and is an undesired alteration of data introduced in a digital process by either an involved technique or
an involved technology, or both
3.1.9
blank
material to be machined by a computer-aided milling machine (3.1.20)
Note 1 to entry: A blank can be a block or a disc.

ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
3.1.10
blank holder
frame to fasten a blank to an accurate position within a computer-aided milling machine (3.1.20)
3.1.11
block
cuboidal material with holding device for machining on a computer-aided milling machine (3.1.20)
3.1.12
build platform
build plate
base which provides a surface upon which the building of the parts is started and supported throughout the
build process
[SOURCE: ISO/ASTM 59200:2021 3.3.5, modified ― The second preferred term has been added, the domain
given in the definition and Note 1 to entry have been deleted.]
3.1.13
CAD data
design data set
result of the CAD process (3.1.14) gained by manipulating the model data set for the purposes of transfer to
the CAM (3.1.17) system
3.1.14
CAD process
DEPRECATED: design process
process of generating design data sets (3.1.23)
3.1.15
CAD software
design system
system for the generation of a design data sets (3.1.23)
3.1.16
CAD
computer-aided design
hardware and software supporting the designing process
Note 1 to entry: The acronym CAD (3.1.6) is commonly used as preferred term.
3.1.17
CAM
computer-aided manufacturing
hardware and software supporting the manufacturing process
Note 1 to entry: The acronym CAM (3.1.17) is commonly used as preferred term.
3.1.18
CAM software
computer-aided manufacturing software
plans and converts design data used to execute the manufacturing process
EXAMPLE Software for the calculation of milling paths.
3.1.19
CAM system
computer-aided manufacturing system
digitally controlled system for the manufacture of dental CAD/CAM restorations (3.1.27), dental CAD/CAM
prostheses (3.1.26) and dental CAD/CAM appliances (3.1.25)

ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
3.1.20
computer-aided milling machine
device designed for subtractive manufacturing process (3.1.60) of dental CAD/CAM restorations (3.1.27),
dental CAD/CAM prostheses (3.1.26) and a dental CAD/CAM appliance (3.1.25) using rotary instruments for
cutting and grinding
[SOURCE: ISO 23298:2023, 3.1, modified ― digital dental restorations and digital dental appliance have been
added to definition.]
3.1.21
CMM
coordinate measuring machine
measuring system with the means to move a probing system and capability to determine spatial coordinates
on a workpiece surface
[SOURCE: ISO 10360-1:2000, 2.1, modified ― Note 1 to entry has been deleted]
3.1.22
data record
one or more data items treated as a unit within a data set (3.1.23)
3.1.23
data set
collection of numerical information that corresponds to a scanned object used for CAD (3.1.16) or CAM
(3.1.17) operations
EXAMPLE Raw data set (dot model), digitization data set (manipulated raw data set), surface model, facet model
or volume model.
Note 1 to entry: Raw data set is obtained by processing scanning data.
3.1.24
data structure
defined format interrelating the data (records) in the data set (3.1.23)
3.1.25
dental CAD/CAM appliance
digital dental appliance
appliance used in dentistry, produced by a dental CAD/CAM system (3.1.28)
3.1.26
dental CAD/CAM prosthesis
digital dental prosthesis
dental prosthesis produced by a dental CAD/CAM system (3.1.28)
3.1.27
dental CAD/CAM restoration
digital dental restoration
dental restoration produced by a dental CAD/CAM system (3.1.28)
3.1.28
dental CAD/CAM system
set of hardware, software, materials, and devices, used to fabricate dental restorations
Note 1 to entry: Hardware and software are used for data acquisition, design and manufacturing.
3.1.29
design data manipulation process
CAD data manipulation process
process of generating the manufacturing data set (3.1.23)
EXAMPLE Tool path generation process.

ISO/DIS 18739:2025(en)
3.1.30
digital impression
acquisition of a data set with the numerical 3D-representation of the surfaces from the patient directly
3.1.31
digital impression data
set of numerical coordinates providing a three-dimensional representation of the surfaces of teeth and
surrounding tissue acquired directly from the patient by a digital impression device and presented in a
format suited to a computer-aided dental design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) process
Note 1 to entry: A digital impression data set can be supplemented by data on surface colour.
Note 2 to entry: A set of digital impression data is distinct from a virtual model (3.1.64).
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 20896-2:2023(en), 3.1]
3.1.32
digital impression device
acquires digital data to generate a virtual replica of hard or soft dental tissues
[SOURCE: ISO 20896-1:2019, 3.4]
3.1.33
digital registration
digital data set(s) (3.1.23) of sub-process in analysis of scanning data in which segments of surface
topography derived from data acquired by a scanning device in successive positions and orientations are
aligned in order to create a full data set of the whole topography with least possible alignment error
3.1.34
digitizing device
hardware for computer-aided design (CAD) (3.1.16) and manufacturing of custom-made indirect dental CAD/
CAM restorations (3.1.27), dental CAD/CAM prostheses (3.1.26) and a dental CAD/CAM appliance (3.1.25)
used to record the topographical characteristics (e.g. surface) of teeth and surrounding tissues, implant
connecting components, dental impressions, dental moulds or stone models by analogue or digital methods
Note 1 to entry: These systems consist of a scanning device, hardware and software.
Note 2 to entry: A surface digitization procedure starts with the generation of actually measured surface points (or
their conversion, for example, in STL format), which are the measured digit
...