SIST ISO 24617-7:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2018
8SUDYOMDQMH]MH]LNRYQLPLYLUL2JURGMH]DVHPDQWLþQRR]QDþHYDQMH6HP$)
GHO3URVWRUVNHLQIRUPDFLMH,62VSDFH
Language resource management -- Semantic annotation framework -- Part 7: Spatial
information (ISOspace)
Gestion des ressources linguistiques -- Cadre d'annotation sémantique -- Partie 7:
Information spatiale (ISOspace)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 24617-7:2014
ICS:
01.020 7HUPLQRORJLMDQDþHODLQ Terminology (principles and
NRRUGLQDFLMD coordination)
35.060 Jeziki, ki se uporabljajo v Languages used in
informacijski tehniki in information technology
tehnologiji
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24617-7
First edition
2014-12-15
Language resource management —
Semantic annotation framework —
Part 7:
Spatial information (ISOspace)
Gestion des ressources linguistiques — Cadre d’annotation
sémantique —
Partie 7: Information spatiale (ISOspace)
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 List of tags . 4
5 Overview . 5
6 Motivation and requirements . 6
7 Specification of ISOspace for spatial annotation . 7
7.1 Overview: annotation vs. representation. 7
7.2 Abstract syntax for the ISOspace annotation structure . 7
8 Representation of ISOspace-conformant annotations . 8
8.1 XML-based concrete syntax: outline . 8
8.1.1 Overview . 8
8.1.2 Basic entitles . 9
8.1.3 Signals . 9
8.1.4 Links . 9
8.1.5 Root element . 9
8.2 Conventions for tagging . 9
8.2.1 Naming conventions . 9
8.2.2 Convention for inline tagging extents .10
8.3 Basic entity tags .11
8.3.1 .11
8.3.2 .13
8.3.3 .13
8.3.4 .14
8.3.5 for non-motion event .15
8.3.6 .15
8.3.7 .16
8.3.8 .16
8.4 Link tags .17
8.4.1 .17
8.4.2 .17
8.4.3 .18
8.4.4 .20
8.5 Root tag: .20
8.6 Summary .21
8.6.1 Identifier .21
8.6.2 Shared attributes .22
8.6.3 IDRef as value .23
Annex A (normative) Core annotation guidelines .24
Bibliography .52
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 37, Terminology and other language and content
resources, Subcommittee SC 4, Language resource management.
ISO 24617 consists of the following parts, under the general title Language resource management —
Semantic annotation framework (semAF):
— Part 1: Time and events (SemAF-Time, ISO-TimeML)
— Part 2: Dialogue acts
— Part 4: Semantic roles (SemAF-SR)
— Part 5: Discourse structures (SemAF-DS)
— Part 6: Principles of semantic annotation (SemAF-Basics)
— Part 7: Spatial information (ISOspace)
— Part 8: Semantic relations in discourse (SemAF-DRel)
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The automatic recognition of spatial information in natural language is currently attracting considerable
attention in the fields of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence. The development of
algorithms that exhibit “spatial awareness” promises to add needed functionality to NLP systems, from
named entity recognition to question-answering and text-based inference. However, in order for such
systems to reason spatially, they require the enrichment of textual data with the annotation of spatial
information in language. This involves a large range of linguistic constructions, including spatially
anchoring events, descriptions of objects in motion, viewer-relative descriptions of scenes, absolute
spatial descriptions of locations, and many other constructions.
This part of ISO 24617 was developed in collaboration with the ISOspace working group at Brandeis
University with the aim to provide an International Standard for the representation of spatial information
relating to locations, motions and non-motion events in language.
NOTE The ISOspace Working Group is headed by James Pustejovsky, jampesp@cs.brandeis.edu, Brandeis
University, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.
This part of ISO 24617 provides normative specifications and guidelines not only for spatial information,
but also for information content in motion and various other types of event in language.
The main parts of this part of ISO 24617 consist of the following:
a) Scope;
b) Normative references;
c) Terms and definitions;
d) List of tags or names of elements;
e) Overview;
f) Motivation and requirements;
g) Specification of the ISOspace annotation structure;
h) Representation of ISOspace-conformant annotations.
Clause 8 introduces an XML-based concrete syntax for representing spatial-related or motion-related
annotations based on the annotation structure of ISOspace that is presented in Clause 7 with a UML-
based metamodel.
A formal semantics for ISOspace will be provided
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2018
Upravljanje z jezikovnimi viri - Ogrodje za semantično označevanje (SemAF) - 7.
del: Prostorske informacije (ISOspace)
Language resource management -- Semantic annotation framework -- Part 7: Spatial
information (ISOspace)
Gestion des ressources linguistiques -- Cadre d'annotation sémantique -- Partie 7:
Information spatiale (ISOspace)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 24617-7:2014
ICS:
01.020 Terminologija (načela in Terminology (principles and
koordinacija) coordination)
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24617-7
First edition
2014-12-15
Language resource management —
Semantic annotation framework —
Part 7:
Spatial information (ISOspace)
Gestion des ressources linguistiques — Cadre d’annotation
sémantique —
Partie 7: Information spatiale (ISOspace)
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 List of tags . 4
5 Overview . 5
6 Motivation and requirements . 6
7 Specification of ISOspace for spatial annotation . 7
7.1 Overview: annotation vs. representation. 7
7.2 Abstract syntax for the ISOspace annotation structure . 7
8 Representation of ISOspace-conformant annotations . 8
8.1 XML-based concrete syntax: outline . 8
8.1.1 Overview . 8
8.1.2 Basic entitles . 9
8.1.3 Signals . 9
8.1.4 Links . 9
8.1.5 Root element . 9
8.2 Conventions for tagging . 9
8.2.1 Naming conventions . 9
8.2.2 Convention for inline tagging extents .10
8.3 Basic entity tags .11
8.3.1 .11
8.3.2 .13
8.3.3 .13
8.3.4 .14
8.3.5 for non-motion event .15
8.3.6 .15
8.3.7 .16
8.3.8 .16
8.4 Link tags .17
8.4.1 .17
8.4.2 .17
8.4.3 .18
8.4.4 .20
8.5 Root tag: .20
8.6 Summary .21
8.6.1 Identifier .21
8.6.2 Shared attributes .22
8.6.3 IDRef as value .23
Annex A (normative) Core annotation guidelines .24
Bibliography .52
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 37, Terminology and other language and content
resources, Subcommittee SC 4, Language resource management.
ISO 24617 consists of the following parts, under the general title Language resource management —
Semantic annotation framework (semAF):
— Part 1: Time and events (SemAF-Time, ISO-TimeML)
— Part 2: Dialogue acts
— Part 4: Semantic roles (SemAF-SR)
— Part 5: Discourse structures (SemAF-DS)
— Part 6: Principles of semantic annotation (SemAF-Basics)
— Part 7: Spatial information (ISOspace)
— Part 8: Semantic relations in discourse (SemAF-DRel)
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The automatic recognition of spatial information in natural language is currently attracting considerable
attention in the fields of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence. The development of
algorithms that exhibit “spatial awareness” promises to add needed functionality to NLP systems, from
named entity recognition to question-answering and text-based inference. However, in order for such
systems to reason spatially, they require the enrichment of textual data with the annotation of spatial
information in language. This involves a large range of linguistic constructions, including spatially
anchoring events, descriptions of objects in motion, viewer-relative descriptions of scenes, absolute
spatial descriptions of locations, and many other constructions.
This part of ISO 24617 was developed in collaboration with the ISOspace working group at Brandeis
University with the aim to provide an International Standard for the representation of spatial information
relating to locations, motions and non-motion events in language.
NOTE The ISOspace Working Group is headed by James Pustejovsky, jampesp@cs.brandeis.edu, Brandeis
University, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.
This part of ISO 24617 provides normative specifications and guidelines not only for spatial information,
but also for information content in motion and various other types of event in language.
The main parts of this part of ISO 24617 consist of the following:
a) Scope;
b) Normative references;
c) Terms and definitions;
d) List of tags or names of elements;
e) Overview;
f) Motivation and requirements;
g) Specification of the ISOspace annotation structure;
h) Representation of ISOspace-conformant annotations.
Clause 8 introduces an XML-based concrete syntax for representing spatial-related or motion-related
annotations based on the annotation structure of ISOspace that is presented in Clause 7 with a UML-
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2018
Upravljanje z jezikovnimi viri - Ogrodje za semantično označevanje (SemAF) - 7.
del: Prostorske informacije (ISOspace)
Language resource management -- Semantic annotation framework -- Part 7: Spatial
information (ISOspace)
Gestion des ressources linguistiques -- Cadre d'annotation sémantique -- Partie 7:
Information spatiale (ISOspace)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 24617-7:2014
ICS:
01.020 Terminologija (načela in Terminology (principles and
koordinacija) coordination)
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24617-7
First edition
2014-12-15
Language resource management —
Semantic annotation framework —
Part 7:
Spatial information (ISOspace)
Gestion des ressources linguistiques — Cadre d’annotation
sémantique —
Partie 7: Information spatiale (ISOspace)
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 List of tags . 4
5 Overview . 5
6 Motivation and requirements . 6
7 Specification of ISOspace for spatial annotation . 7
7.1 Overview: annotation vs. representation. 7
7.2 Abstract syntax for the ISOspace annotation structure . 7
8 Representation of ISOspace-conformant annotations . 8
8.1 XML-based concrete syntax: outline . 8
8.1.1 Overview . 8
8.1.2 Basic entitles . 9
8.1.3 Signals . 9
8.1.4 Links . 9
8.1.5 Root element . 9
8.2 Conventions for tagging . 9
8.2.1 Naming conventions . 9
8.2.2 Convention for inline tagging extents .10
8.3 Basic entity tags .11
8.3.1 .11
8.3.2 .13
8.3.3 .13
8.3.4 .14
8.3.5 for non-motion event .15
8.3.6 .15
8.3.7 .16
8.3.8 .16
8.4 Link tags .17
8.4.1 .17
8.4.2 .17
8.4.3 .18
8.4.4 .20
8.5 Root tag: .20
8.6 Summary .21
8.6.1 Identifier .21
8.6.2 Shared attributes .22
8.6.3 IDRef as value .23
Annex A (normative) Core annotation guidelines .24
Bibliography .52
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 37, Terminology and other language and content
resources, Subcommittee SC 4, Language resource management.
ISO 24617 consists of the following parts, under the general title Language resource management —
Semantic annotation framework (semAF):
— Part 1: Time and events (SemAF-Time, ISO-TimeML)
— Part 2: Dialogue acts
— Part 4: Semantic roles (SemAF-SR)
— Part 5: Discourse structures (SemAF-DS)
— Part 6: Principles of semantic annotation (SemAF-Basics)
— Part 7: Spatial information (ISOspace)
— Part 8: Semantic relations in discourse (SemAF-DRel)
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The automatic recognition of spatial information in natural language is currently attracting considerable
attention in the fields of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence. The development of
algorithms that exhibit “spatial awareness” promises to add needed functionality to NLP systems, from
named entity recognition to question-answering and text-based inference. However, in order for such
systems to reason spatially, they require the enrichment of textual data with the annotation of spatial
information in language. This involves a large range of linguistic constructions, including spatially
anchoring events, descriptions of objects in motion, viewer-relative descriptions of scenes, absolute
spatial descriptions of locations, and many other constructions.
This part of ISO 24617 was developed in collaboration with the ISOspace working group at Brandeis
University with the aim to provide an International Standard for the representation of spatial information
relating to locations, motions and non-motion events in language.
NOTE The ISOspace Working Group is headed by James Pustejovsky, jampesp@cs.brandeis.edu, Brandeis
University, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.
This part of ISO 24617 provides normative specifications and guidelines not only for spatial information,
but also for information content in motion and various other types of event in language.
The main parts of this part of ISO 24617 consist of the following:
a) Scope;
b) Normative references;
c) Terms and definitions;
d) List of tags or names of elements;
e) Overview;
f) Motivation and requirements;
g) Specification of the ISOspace annotation structure;
h) Representation of ISOspace-conformant annotations.
Clause 8 introduces an XML-based concrete syntax for representing spatial-related or motion-related
annotations based on the annotation structure of ISOspace that is presented in Clause 7 with a UML-
based metamodel.
A formal semantics for ISOspace
...