SIST EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1:2021

Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)

HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Meteorological Radars;
Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum;
Part 2: Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the
frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz (C band)

2 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)

Reference
DEN/ERM-TGAERO-42-2
Keywords
harmonised standard, radar, radio
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3 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms . 8
3.2 Symbols . 10
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Technical requirements specifications . 11
4.1 Environmental profile . 11
4.2 Conformance requirements . 11
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements . 11
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 11
4.2.1.1.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.1.2 Limits . 11
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance . 11
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power . 11
4.2.1.2.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.2.2 Limits . 11
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance . 11
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 12
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.3.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 12
4.2.1.4.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.4.2 Limits . 13
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 14
4.2.1.5.1 Definition. 14
4.2.1.5.2 Limits . 15
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions . 16
4.2.1.6.1 Definition. 16
4.2.1.6.2 Limits . 16
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements . 16
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure . 16
4.2.2.1.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.1.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 16
4.2.2.2.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.2.2 Limits . 17
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance . 18
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 18
4.2.2.3.1 Definition. 18
4.2.2.3.2 Limits . 19
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance . 19
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 19
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4 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
5.1 General requirements . 19
5.2 Environmental conditions for testing . 20
5.2.1 Test Conditions . 20
5.2.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 20
5.2.3 Normal test power supply . 20
5.3 Interpretation of the measurements results . 20
5.4 Radio test suites . 20
5.4.1 Transmitter test specification . 20
5.4.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 20
5.4.1.2 Transmitter Power . 21
5.4.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 21
-40
5.4.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 22
5.4.1.5 Spurious emissions . 23
5.4.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 25
5.4.2 Receiver Test specification . 25
5.4.2.1 Noise Figure . 25
5.4.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 26
5.4.2.2.1 General . 26
5.4.2.2.2 Receiver unwanted Signal Selectivity . 26
5.4.2.3 Receiver Compression . 27
5.4.2.3.1 General . 27
5.4.2.3.2 Receiver Compression Level . 27
Annex A (informative): Relationship between the present document and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU . 28
Annex B (normative): Calculation of the -40 dB Bandwidth . 29
Annex C (normative): Operating frequency and transmitter power measurement setup . 31
Annex D (normative): Spurious and OoB emission measurement setup . 32
Annex E (normative): Receiver selectivity and compression level measurement setup . 33
Annex F (informative): Maximum Measurement Uncertainty . 34
Annex G (informative): WR187/WG12 waveguide characteristics . 35
Annex H (informative): Checklist . 37
History . 39

ETSI
5 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
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ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
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not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This draft Harmonised European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic
compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the combined Public Enquiry and Vote
phase of the ETSI standards EN Approval Procedure.
The present document has been prepared under the Commission's standardisation request C (2015) 5376 final [i.5] to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU on the harmonisation
of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing
Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
Once the present document is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with
the normative clauses of the present document given in Table A.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of the present
document, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive, and associated
EFTA regulations.
The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering meteorological radar systems for different frequency
bands, as identified below:
Part 1: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 2 700 MHz to 2 900 MHz (S band)";
Part 2: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz
(C band)";
Part 3: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 9 300 MHz to 9 500 MHz (X band)".

Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 18 months after doa

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6 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
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7 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
1 Scope
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for C-band meteorological radar
systems intended for the surveillance and classification of hydrometeors with the following characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz.
• Utilizing unmodulated pulses or phase/frequency modulated pulses also known as pulse compression.
• The maximum output power (PEP) does not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
• The transceiver antenna connection and its feeding RF line use a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna rotates and can be changed in elevation.
• The used waveguide is WR187/WG12 waveguide according to IEC 60153-2 [i.2].
• The antenna feed is waveguide based and the antenna is passive.
• The orientation of the transmitted field from the antenna can be vertical or horizontal orientated or it can be
both simultaneously.
• At the transceiver output an RF circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 2: According to provision 5.452 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7], ground-based radars used for
meteorological purposes in the band 5 600 MHz to 5 650 MHz are authorized to operate on a basis of
equality with stations of the maritime radio navigation service.
NOTE 3: Further technical and operational characteristics of meteorological radar systems can be found in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 [i.3].
NOTE 4: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in Annex A.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2019): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[2] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
[3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04/2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
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8 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the
harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of
radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC.
[i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 3.0, 2016): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 (09/2015): "Technical and operational aspects of ground-based
meteorological radars".
[i.4] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-6 (08/2015): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[i.5] Commission Implementing Decision C(2015) 5376 final of 4.8.2015 on a standardisation request
to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and to the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards radio equipment in support of Directive
2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.
[i.6] ETSI EG 203 336 (V1.2.1) (2020-05): "Guide for the selection of technical parameters for the
production of Harmonised Standards covering article 3.1(b) and article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU".
[i.7] ITU Radio Regulations (2016).
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
active state: state which produces the authorized emission
allocated band: frequency span that regionally or nationally is allocated to one or more radio services on a primary or
secondary basis
NOTE: A table of national frequency allocations are normally available from the radio authority for each national
state. A generic frequency allocation table is also available in the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency: centre of the frequency band assigned to a station
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency band: frequency band within which the emission of a station is authorized
NOTE 1: The width of the band equals the necessary bandwidth plus twice the absolute value of the frequency
tolerance. Where space stations are concerned, the assigned frequency band includes twice the maximum
Doppler shift that may occur in relation to any point of the Earth's surface.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
characteristic frequency: frequency which can be easily identified and measured in a given emission
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9 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
NOTE 1: A carrier frequency may, for example, be designed as the characteristic frequency.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
declared band: band or bands within which the product under test is declared to operate in the applicable operating
modes
NOTE: The declared band for a given region or country is always contained within the allocated band.
frequency tolerance: maximum permissible departure by the centre frequency of the frequency band occupied by an
emission from the assigned frequency or, by the characteristic frequency of an emission from the reference frequency
NOTE 1: The frequency tolerance is expressed in parts in 10 or in Hertz.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
idle/standby state: state where the transmitter is available for operation, but is not in the active state
necessary bandwidth B : width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of
N
information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions for a given class of emission
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
operating mode: predefined configuration for a given service accessible to the operator of the radar system
NOTE 1: Several operating modes may be available.
NOTE 2: Changing operating mode might affect the radio characteristics of the radar system.
out-of-band emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which
results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
peak envelope power (of a radio transmitter): average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a
transmitter during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating
conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
product configuration: hardware variant of the same typology of system under test (e.g. different power outputs,
magnetrons)
pulse duration: time in seconds between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points of a transmitted pulse
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage) in seconds
receiver selectivity: ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth
-40
reference frequency: frequency having a fixed and specified position with respect to the assigned frequency
NOTE 1: The displacement of this frequency with respect to the assigned frequency has the same absolute value
and sign that the displacement of the characteristic frequency has with respect to the centre of the
frequency band occupied by the emission.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
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10 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
spurious emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of
which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information
NOTE 1: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and
frequency conversion products, but exclude out-of-band emissions.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
system coupler: directional waveguide coupler with forward and reverse port or only a forward port
NOTE: The system coupler is inserted in the waveguide run between the circulator and the antenna but not
directly located behind the antenna. Usually it is located very close behind the circulator.
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
dB/dec dB per decade
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
f characteristic frequency
c
f IF frequency
IF
f Image frequency
Image
f transmitter frequency tolerance
t
k Boltzmann's constant
t Pulse duration
t Pulse rise time
r
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
A/D Analog to Digital converter
AC Alternating Current
AM Amplitude Modulation
CW Continuous Wave
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EIA Electronic Industries Alliance
EM ElectroMagnetic
ENR Excessive Noise Ratio
FM Frequency Modulation
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IF Intermediate Frequency
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LNFE Low Noise Front End
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
MW MegaWatt
na not applicable
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PM Phase Modulation
ppm part(s) per million
PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency
RF Radio Frequency
UK United Kingdom
WG Waveguide
WR Waveguide Rectangular
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11 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
4 Technical requirements specifications
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be in accordance with its intended use, but as a minimum, shall be that specified in the test
conditions contained in the present document. The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the
present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile
defined by its intended use.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance
4.2.1.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar system produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum
depending on the pulse duration. The operating frequency is the frequency of the microwave emission during the
transmitting pulse and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude. For phase/frequency modulated radar
systems the operating frequency is to be understood as the centre between the highest and lowest transmitted frequency.
The frequency tolerance is the maximum permissible departure from the operating frequency.
4.2.1.1.2 Limits
The frequency tolerance for meteorological radar systems at the defined operating frequency shall not exceed
1 250 ppm:
NOTE: This value is specified in Appendix 2 of ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.4.1.1.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.1.2.
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power
4.2.1.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power is considered to be the peak value (PEP) of the transmitter pulse power during the transmission
pulse.
4.2.1.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.4.1.2.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.2.2.
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12 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition
The measured -40 dB bandwidth is the measured bandwidth of the emission 40 dB below the PEP.
4.2.1.3.2 Limits
For all radar types covered by the present document the measured B bandwidth of the signal shall be contained
-40
completely within the declared band in all operating modes.
In case of multiple carrier-frequencies, all measured -40 dB emissions shall be contained in the declared band.
NOTE: The declared band is always contained in the 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz frequency range.
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.4.1.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.3.2.
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions
4.2.1.4.1 Definition
Out-of-Band emissions refer to emissions in the region between the calculated -40 dB bandwidth and the spurious
region (see clause 4.2.1.5.1 for the definition of spurious region).
For meteorological radar systems with multiple pulse length, the B bandwidth is calculated for each individual used
-40
pulse length and the maximum B bandwidth obtained is used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
NOTE: The shortest pulse length used is usually 500 ns.
For radars with multiple carrier frequencies, the overall emission mask is obtained by superimposing the emission
masks of each individual carrier frequency. An example can be seen in Figure 1.
The applicable formulae for the calculation of the B bandwidth are described in Annex B.
-40
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13 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)

Power
B B
-40 -40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
Frequency
Figure 1: Example of superimposed (combined) mask from two carrier frequencies
4.2.1.4.2 Limits
Depending on the PEP power the maximum OoB emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in Table 1 or
Table 2 and shall not exceed the corresponding mask depicted in Figure 2 as specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2]. The roll-off of the OoB mask beyond the B bandwidth in relation to B is
-40 -40
specified as follows:
• The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B bandwidth to a level of -70 dBpp.
-40
• The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp or -90 dBpp
with regard to the PEP.
NOTE 1: The -100 dBpp mask corresponds to the dashed line in Figure A2.1c and the -90 dBpp corresponds to the
dashed line in Figure A2.1b of unwanted emissions in Annex 2 of the ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2].
NOTE 2: ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1] stipulates in its Table 15 for meteorological radars a spurious emission
limit of "-30 dBm or 100 dB/90 dB below PEP, whichever is less stringent".
Table 1: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP greater than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40
-∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 10,8 -70 to -90 -60
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
14 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
Table 2: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP equal to or less than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40 -∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 15,8 -70 to -100 or -30 dBm, see note -60
NOTE: -70 dBpp to -100 dBpp or -30 dBm whichever is less stringent.

Figure 2: Unwanted emission limit masks
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.4.1.4.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.4.2.
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions
4.2.1.5.1 Definition
Spurious emissions are unwanted emissions in the spurious domain. For active transmitters, the spurious domain is all
frequencies outside the OoB domain as shown in Figure 3 below.
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15 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
They include:
• harmonic emissions (whole multiples of the operating frequency)
• parasitic emissions (independent, accidental)
• intermodulation (between oscillator- and operation frequency or between oscillator and harmonics)
• emissions caused by frequency conversions
The boundaries between OoB domain and the spurious domain are where the OoB limit mask specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2] reaches the spurious emission limit shown in Table 3 according to
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Table 15. This is illustrated in Figure 3.
Power
B-40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
Spurious domain OoB domain OoB domain
Frequency
Figure 3: Definition of OoB and spurious emission domains for non FM/PM pulsed radar
(Not to scale)
4.2.1.5.2 Limits
For meteorological radar systems the spurious emission limits are related to the PEP. The limits shall be as specified in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Annex 5, Table 15 also shown in Table 3 below.
The spurious emission limits specified in Table 3 are either absolute levels or attenuation (dB) below the PEP supplied
to the antenna port.
Table 3: Spurious emission levels
Transmitter PEP Spurious emission limits
< 10 kW -30 dBm
10 kW ≤ PEP ≤ 150 kW 100 dB
> 150 kW 90 dB
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
16 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.4.1.5.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.5.2.
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions
4.2.1.6.1 Definition
The idle/standby state is defined as the state where the transmitter is available for operation but is not in the active state.
The receiver shall be activated.
4.2.1.6.2 Limits
The maximum allowed power level shall be -47 dBm as specified in Table 15 in ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1].
The radars covered by the present document use WR187/WG12 waveguides to transfer power between the transmitter
and the antenna and the waveguide cut-off frequency is 3 152 MHz. Therefore, measurements below this frequency do
not provide valid results since the waveguide is unable to support power transfer along its length below the cut-off
frequency.
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.4.1.6.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.6.2.
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure
4.2.2.1.1 Definition
The receiver noise figure measures the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio, caused by components in the
radio-frequency signal chain.
4.2.2.1.2 Limits
The receiver noise figure shall not exceed 6 dB.
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance
The conformance test is specified in clause 5.4.2.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity
4.2.2.2.1 Definition
The receiver selectivity is the ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth.
-40
NOTE: Signals inside the B bandwidth are not considered as interfering signals because they fall into the
-40
desired frequency range for the reception of wanted signals.
ETSI
17 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
4.2.2.2.2 Limits
The receiver selectivity of the radar shall correspond to the requirements shown in Figure 4. The maximum power level
of the unwanted signal, measured at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in Figure E.1, shall be no more
than 12 dB above the calculated MDS level.
EXAMPLE 1: If the calculated MDS of the radar system is -102 dBm, then the maximum level of unwanted
signals at the output of the digital signal processing is -90 dBm.
For radars with an asymmetrical spectrum, the calculated B bandwidth can be offset from the operating frequency.
-40
The operating frequency shall be kept inside the calculated B bandwidth.
-40
The receiver selectivity shall be at least verified in the range of:
- Lower B to (Lower B – 500 MHz)
-40 -40
- Upper B to (Upper B + 500 MHz)
-40 -40
The B bandwidth shall be excluded from the receiver selectivity measurement.
-40
EXAMPLE 2: If the meteorological radar operates at 5 640 MHz and the B is equal to 20 MHz then the lower
-40
frequency limit of the disturbing signal is 5 130 MHz. The upper limit is equal to 6 150 MHz.
The manufacturer shall ensure that the swept frequency span encompasses all image frequencies present in the receiver
design. If the image frequencies are not covered by the verified frequency range as defined above the range shall be
extended to cover the image frequencies accordingly.
The image frequency can be calculated as:
+2×, >
= (1)
−2×, <
The measurement of the receiver selectivity shall be done at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in
Figure E.1.
In order to determine if the receiver selectivity follows the required selectivity mask, a disturbance signal level at the
MDS level plus the required attenuation shall be applied. The minimum input level is the MDS level and is calculated
by the following formula:
= −174 + + (2)
Where:
• -174 dBm is the noise power value in dBm, measured with 1 Hz bandwidth (B ) at 290° Kelvin and derived
N
from the available noise power N on the receiver input. = × × . Where: 0i

- k Boltzmann constant = 1,38064852 × 10 .

- T Temperature in Kelvin.
• NF is the receiver noise figure in dB. Measurement of the noise figure is described in clause 5.4.2.1.
(dB)
• BW is the matched filter bandwidth in dB. Calculated as: 10 log.
(dB)
NOTE: The matched filter bandwidth usually corresponds to the transmitted pulse length and is usually the
inverse of the pulse length. For example, a 0,8 µs pulse length results in a 1,25 MHz matched filter
bandwidth.
The applied power level at the lower and upper B frequency shall be the MDS level + 40 dB as shown in Figure 4.
-40
The receiver selectivity mask shall be as shown in Table 4. The input power of the receiver shall not exceed -30 dBm.
ETSI
18 Draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.3 (2020-06)
Table 4: Receiver selectivity mask
Frequency offset relative to Maximum interfering power level Slope
f by multiple of the dB above MDS dB/decade
c
B bandwidth
-40
0 to 0,5 None 0
0,5 40
-∞
0,5 to 5 +40 to 70 or -30 dBm -30
5 to 10,8 70 to 90 or -30 dBm -60
10,8 to ∞ -30 dBm 0
Power
disturbing signal disturbing signal
Max. Level
-30 dBm
40 dB
MDS Level
B
-40
Frequency
f
c
Figure 4: Resulting receiver selectivity mask (not to scale) -
The maximum disturbance level was set to -30 dBm
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.4.2.2.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.2.2.
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level
4.2.2.3.1 Definition
The compression level is defined as when one of the receiver stages becomes nonlinear thereby causing distortion and
other non-linear effects that prevents proper operation of the receiver.
The receiver input compression level is defined as when the receiver output is 1 dB into compression as can be seen in
Figure 5.
The compression level shall be measured at the nominal receiver frequency which is used to detect the desired signal
generated by the transmitter.
ETSI
--------
...

Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)

HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Meteorological Radars;
Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum;
Part 2: Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the
frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz (C band)

2 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)

Reference
DEN/ERM-TGAERO-42-2
Keywords
harmonised standard, radar, radio
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ETSI
3 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms . 8
3.2 Symbols . 10
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Technical requirements specifications . 11
4.1 Environmental profile . 11
4.2 Conformance requirements . 11
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements . 11
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 11
4.2.1.1.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.1.2 Limits . 11
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance . 11
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power . 11
4.2.1.2.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.2.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 12
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.3.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 12
4.2.1.4.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.4.2 Limits . 13
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 14
4.2.1.5.1 Definition. 14
4.2.1.5.2 Limits . 15
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance . 15
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions . 16
4.2.1.6.1 Definition. 16
4.2.1.6.2 Limits . 16
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements . 16
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure . 16
4.2.2.1.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.1.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 16
4.2.2.2.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.2.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance . 18
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 18
4.2.2.3.1 Definition. 18
4.2.2.3.2 Limits . 19
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance . 19
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 19
ETSI
4 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
5.1 General requirements . 19
5.2 Environmental conditions for testing . 20
5.2.1 Test Conditions . 20
5.2.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 20
5.2.3 Normal test power supply . 20
5.3 Radio test suites . 20
5.3.1 Transmitter test specification . 20
5.3.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 20
5.3.1.2 Transmitter Power . 21
5.3.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 21
-40
5.3.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 21
5.3.1.5 Spurious emissions . 23
5.3.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 24
5.3.2 Receiver Test specification . 25
5.3.2.1 Noise Figure . 25
5.3.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 25
5.3.2.2.1 General . 25
5.3.2.2.2 Receiver unwanted Signal Selectivity . 26
5.3.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 26
5.3.2.3.1 General . 26
5.3.2.3.2 Receiver Compression Level . 26
Annex A (informative): Relationship between the present document and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU . 27
Annex B (normative): Calculation of the -40 dB Bandwidth . 28
Annex C (normative): Operating frequency and transmitter power measurement setup . 30
Annex D (normative): Spurious and OoB emission measurement setup . 31
Annex E (normative): Receiver selectivity and compression level measurement setup . 32
Annex F (informative): Maximum Measurement Uncertainty . 33
Annex G (informative): WR187/WG12 waveguide characteristics . 34
Annex H (informative): Checklist . 36
History . 38

ETSI
5 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This final draft Harmonised European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the Vote phase of the
ETSI standards EN Approval Procedure.
The present document has been prepared under the Commission's standardisation request C (2015) 5376 final [i.5] to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU on the harmonisation
of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing
Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
Once the present document is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with
the normative clauses of the present document given in Table A.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of the present
document, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive, and associated
EFTA regulations.
The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering meteorological radar systems for different frequency
bands, as identified below:
Part 1: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 2 700 MHz to 2 900 MHz (S band)";
Part 2: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz
(C band)";
Part 3: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 9 300 MHz to 9 500 MHz (X band)".

Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 18 months after doa

ETSI
6 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

ETSI
7 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
1 Scope
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for C band meteorological radar
systems intended for the surveillance and classification of hydrometeors with the following characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz.
• Utilizing unmodulated pulses or phase/frequency modulated pulses also known as pulse compression.
• The maximum output power (PEP) does not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
• The transceiver antenna connection and its feeding RF line use a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna rotates and can be changed in elevation.
• The used waveguide is WR187/WG12 waveguide according to IEC 60153-2 [i.2] with a minimum length
between the output of the transmitter and the input of the antenna of 1 902 mm (20 times the wavelength of the
waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna feed is waveguide based and the antenna is passive.
• The orientation of the transmitted field from the antenna can be vertical or horizontal polarized or it can be
both simultaneously.
• At the transceiver output an RF circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 2: According to provision 5.452 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7], ground-based radars used for
meteorological purposes in the band 5 600 MHz to 5 650 MHz are authorized to operate on a basis of
equality with stations of the maritime radio navigation service.
NOTE 3: Further technical and operational characteristics of meteorological radar systems can be found in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 [i.3].
NOTE 4: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in Annex A.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2019): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[2] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
ETSI
8 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
[3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04/2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the
harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of
radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC.
[i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 3.0, 2016): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 (09/2015): "Technical and operational aspects of ground-based
meteorological radars".
[i.4] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-6 (08/2015): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[i.5] Commission Implementing Decision C(2015) 5376 final of 4.8.2015 on a standardisation request
to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and to the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards radio equipment in support of Directive
2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.
[i.6] ETSI EG 203 336 (V1.2.1) (2020-05): "Guide for the selection of technical parameters for the
production of Harmonised Standards covering article 3.1(b) and article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU".
[i.7] ITU Radio Regulations (2020).
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
active state: state which produces the authorized emission
allocated band: frequency span that regionally or nationally is allocated to one or more radio services on a primary or
secondary basis
NOTE: A table of national frequency allocations are normally available from the radio authority for each national
state. A generic frequency allocation table is also available in the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency: centre of the frequency band assigned to a station
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency band: frequency band within which the emission of a station is authorized
NOTE 1: The width of the band equals the necessary bandwidth plus twice the absolute value of the frequency
tolerance. Where space stations are concerned, the assigned frequency band includes twice the maximum
Doppler shift that may occur in relation to any point of the Earth's surface.
ETSI
9 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
characteristic frequency: frequency which can be easily identified and measured in a given emission
NOTE 1: A carrier frequency may, for example, be designed as the characteristic frequency.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
declared band: band or bands within which the product under test is declared to operate in the applicable operating
modes
NOTE: The declared band for a given region or country is always contained within the allocated band.
frequency tolerance: maximum permissible departure by the centre frequency of the frequency band occupied by an
emission from the assigned frequency or, by the characteristic frequency of an emission from the reference frequency
NOTE 1: The frequency tolerance is expressed in parts in 10 or in Hertz.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
idle/standby state: state where the transmitter is available for operation, but is not in the active state
necessary bandwidth B : width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of
N
information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions for a given class of emission
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
operating mode: predefined configuration for a given service accessible to the operator of the radar system
NOTE 1: Several operating modes may be available.
NOTE 2: Changing operating mode might affect the radio characteristics of the radar system.
out-of-band emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which
results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
peak envelope power (of a radio transmitter): average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a
transmitter during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating
conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
product configuration: hardware variant of the same typology of system under test (e.g. different power outputs,
magnetrons)
pulse duration: time in seconds between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points of a transmitted pulse
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage) in seconds
receiver selectivity: ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth
-40
ETSI
10 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
reference frequency: frequency having a fixed and specified position with respect to the assigned frequency
NOTE 1: The displacement of this frequency with respect to the assigned frequency has the same absolute value
and sign that the displacement of the characteristic frequency has with respect to the centre of the
frequency band occupied by the emission.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
spurious emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of
which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information
NOTE 1: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and
frequency conversion products, but exclude out-of-band emissions.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
system coupler: directional waveguide coupler with forward and reverse port or only a forward port
NOTE: The system coupler is inserted in the waveguide run between the circulator and the antenna but not
directly located behind the antenna. Usually it is located very close behind the circulator.
trapezoidal pulse: pulse which linearly rises to some value and remains constant at this value for some time and falls
linearly to the original value at the end of the pulse
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
dB/dec dB per decade
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
f characteristic frequency
c
f IF frequency
IF
f Image frequency
Image
f transmitter frequency tolerance
t
k Boltzmann's constant
t Pulse duration
t Pulse rise time
r
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
A/D Analog to Digital converter
AC Alternating Current
AM Amplitude Modulation
CW Continuous Wave
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EIA Electronic Industries Alliance
EM ElectroMagnetic
ENR Excessive Noise Ratio
FM Frequency Modulation
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IF Intermediate Frequency
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LNFE Low Noise Front End
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
MW MegaWatt
ETSI
11 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
na not applicable
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PM Phase Modulation
ppm part(s) per million
PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency
RF Radio Frequency
UK United Kingdom
WG Waveguide
WR Waveguide Rectangular
4 Technical requirements specifications
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be in accordance with its intended use, but as a minimum, shall be that specified in the test
conditions contained in the present document. The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the
present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile
defined by its intended use.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance
4.2.1.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar system produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum
depending on the pulse duration. The operating frequency is the frequency of the microwave emission during the
transmitting pulse and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude. For phase/frequency modulated radar
systems the operating frequency is to be understood as the centre between the highest and lowest transmitted frequency.
The frequency tolerance is the maximum permissible departure from the operating frequency.
4.2.1.1.2 Limits
The frequency tolerance for meteorological radar systems at the defined operating frequency shall not exceed
1 250 ppm:
NOTE: This value is specified in Appendix 2 of ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.1.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.1.2.
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power
4.2.1.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power is considered to be the peak value (PEP) of the transmitter pulse power during the transmission
pulse.
ETSI
12 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
4.2.1.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.2.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.2.2.
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition
The measured -40 dB bandwidth is the measured bandwidth of the emission 40 dB below the PEP.
4.2.1.3.2 Limits
For all radar types covered by the present document the measured B bandwidth of the signal shall be contained
-40
completely within the declared band in all operating modes.
In case of multiple carrier-frequencies, all measured -40 dB emissions shall be contained in the declared band.
NOTE: The declared band is always contained in the 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz frequency range.
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.3.2.
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions
4.2.1.4.1 Definition
Out-of-Band emissions refer to emissions in the region between the calculated -40 dB bandwidth and the spurious
region (see clause 4.2.1.5.1 for the definition of spurious region).
For meteorological radar systems with multiple pulse length, the B bandwidth is calculated for each individual used
-40
pulse length and the maximum B bandwidth obtained is used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
NOTE: The shortest pulse length used is usually 500 ns.
For radars with multiple carrier frequencies, the overall emission mask is obtained by superimposing the emission
masks of each individual carrier frequency. An example can be seen in Figure 1.
The applicable formulae for the calculation of the B bandwidth are described in Annex B.
-40
ETSI
13 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
Power
B B
-40 -40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
Frequency
Figure 1: Example of superimposed (combined) mask from two carrier frequencies
4.2.1.4.2 Limits
Depending on the PEP power the maximum OoB emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in Table 1 or
Table 2 and shall not exceed the corresponding mask depicted in Figure 2 as specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2]. The roll-off of the OoB mask beyond the B bandwidth in relation to B is
-40 -40
specified as follows:
• The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B bandwidth to a level of -70 dBpp.
-40
• The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp or -90 dBpp
with regard to the PEP.
NOTE 1: The -100 dBpp mask corresponds to the dashed line in Figure A2.1c and the -90 dBpp corresponds to the
dashed line in Figure A2.1b of unwanted emissions in Annex 2 of the ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2].
NOTE 2: ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1] stipulates in its Table 15 for meteorological radars a spurious emission
limit of "-30 dBm or 100 dB/90 dB below PEP, whichever is less stringent".
Table 1: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP greater than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40
-∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 10,8 -70 to -90 -60
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
14 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
Table 2: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP equal to or less than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40 -∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 15,8 -70 to -100 or -30 dBm, see note -60
NOTE: -70 dBpp to -100 dBpp or -30 dBm whichever is less stringent.

Figure 2: Unwanted emission limit masks
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.4.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.4.2.
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions
4.2.1.5.1 Definition
Spurious emissions are unwanted emissions in the spurious domain. For active transmitters, the spurious domain is all
frequencies outside the OoB domain as shown in Figure 3 below.
They include:
• harmonic emissions (whole multiples of the operating frequency)
• parasitic emissions (independent, accidental)
• intermodulation (between oscillator- and operation frequency or between oscillator and harmonics)
• emissions caused by frequency conversions
ETSI
15 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
The boundaries between OoB domain and the spurious domain are where the OoB limit mask specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2] reaches the spurious emission limit shown in Table 3 according to
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Table 15. This is illustrated in Figure 3.
Power
B
-40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
Spurious domain OoB domain OoB domain
Frequency
Figure 3: Definition of OoB and spurious emission domains for non FM/PM pulsed radar
(Not to scale)
4.2.1.5.2 Limits
For meteorological radar systems the spurious emission limits are related to the PEP. The limits shall be as specified in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Annex 5, Table 15 also shown in Table 3 below.
The spurious emission limits specified in Table 3 are either absolute levels or attenuation (dB) below the PEP supplied
to the antenna port.
Table 3: Spurious emission levels
Transmitter PEP Spurious emission limits
< 10 kW -30 dBm
10 kW ≤ PEP ≤ 150 kW 100 dB
> 150 kW 90 dB
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.5.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.5.2.
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
16 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions
4.2.1.6.1 Definition
The idle/standby state is defined as the state where the transmitter is available for operation but is not in the active state.
The receiver shall be activated.
4.2.1.6.2 Limits
The maximum allowed power level shall be -47 dBm as specified in Table 15 in ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1].
The radars covered by the present document use WR187/WG12 waveguides to transfer power between the transmitter
and the antenna and the waveguide cut-off frequency is 3 152 MHz. Therefore, measurements below this frequency do
not provide valid results since the waveguide is unable to support power transfer along its length below the cut-off
frequency.
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.6.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.6.2.
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure
4.2.2.1.1 Definition
The receiver noise figure measures the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio, caused by components in the
radio-frequency signal chain.
4.2.2.1.2 Limits
The receiver noise figure shall not exceed 6 dB.
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance
The conformance test is specified in clause 5.3.2.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity
4.2.2.2.1 Definition
The receiver selectivity is the ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth.
-40
NOTE: Signals inside the B bandwidth are not considered as interfering signals because they fall into the
-40
desired frequency range for the reception of wanted signals.
4.2.2.2.2 Limits
The receiver selectivity of the radar shall correspond to the requirements shown in Figure 4. The maximum power level
of the unwanted signal, measured at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in Figure E.1, shall be no more
than 12 dB above the calculated MDS level.
EXAMPLE 1: If the calculated MDS of the radar system is -102 dBm, then the maximum level of unwanted
signals at the output of the digital signal processing is -90 dBm.
ETSI
17 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
For radars with an asymmetrical spectrum, the calculated B bandwidth can be offset from the operating frequency.
-40
The operating frequency shall be kept inside the calculated B bandwidth.
-40
The receiver selectivity shall be at least verified in the range of:
- Lower B to (Lower B – 500 MHz)
-40 -40
- Upper B to (Upper B + 500 MHz)
-40 -40
The B bandwidth shall be excluded from the receiver selectivity measurement.
-40
EXAMPLE 2: If the meteorological radar operates at 5 640 MHz and the B is equal to 20 MHz then the lower
-40
frequency limit of the disturbing signal is 5 130 MHz. The upper limit is equal to 6 150 MHz.
The swept frequency span shall encompass all image frequencies present in the receiver design. If the image
frequencies are not covered by the verified frequency range as defined above the range shall be extended to cover the
image frequencies accordingly.
The image frequency can be calculated as:
+2×, >
= (1)
−2×, <
The measurement of the receiver selectivity shall be done at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in
Figure E.1.
In order to determine if the receiver selectivity follows the required selectivity mask, a disturbance signal level at the
MDS level plus the required attenuation shall be applied. The minimum input level is the MDS level and is calculated
by the following formula:
= −174 + + (2)
Where:
• -174 dBm is the noise power value in dBm, measured with 1 Hz bandwidth (B ) at 290° Kelvin and derived
N
on the receiver input. = × × . Where:
from the available noise power N
i0
- k Boltzmann constant = 1,38064852 × 10 .

- T Temperature in Kelvin.
• NF is the receiver noise figure in dB. Measurement of the noise figure is described in clause 5.3.2.1.
(dB)
• BW is the matched filter bandwidth in dB. Calculated as: 10 log. (dB)
NOTE: The matched filter bandwidth usually corresponds to the transmitted pulse length and is usually the
inverse of the pulse length. For example, a 0,8 µs pulse length results in a 1,25 MHz matched filter
bandwidth.
The applied power level at the lower and upper B frequency shall be the MDS level + 40 dB as shown in Figure 4.
-40
The receiver selectivity mask shall be as shown in Table 4. The input power of the receiver shall not exceed -30 dBm.
ETSI
18 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.4 (2020-12)
Table 4: Receiver selectivity mask
Frequency offset relative to Maximum interfering power level Slope
f by multiple of the dB above MDS dB/decade
c
B bandwidth
-40
0 to 0,5 None 0
0,5 40
-∞
0,5 to 5 +40 to 70 or -30 dBm -30
5 to 10,8 70 to 90 or -30 dBm -60
10,8 to ∞ -30 dBm 0
Power
disturbing signal disturbing signal
Max. Level
-30 dBm
40 dB
MDS Level
B
-40
Frequency
f
c
Figure 4: Resulting receiver selectivity mask (not to scale) -
The maximum disturbance level was set to -30 dBm
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.2.2.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.2.2.
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level
4.2.2.3.1 Definition
The compression level is defined as when one of the receiver stages becomes nonlinear thereby causing distortion and
other non-linear effects that prevents proper operation of the receiver.
The receiver input compression level
...

Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)

HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Meteorological Radars;
Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum;
Part 2: Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the
frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz (C band)

2 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)

Reference
DEN/ERM-TGAERO-42-2
Keywords
harmonised standard, radar, radio
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ETSI
3 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms . 8
3.2 Symbols . 10
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Technical requirements specifications . 11
4.1 Environmental profile . 11
4.2 Conformance requirements . 11
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements . 11
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 11
4.2.1.1.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.1.2 Limits . 11
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance . 11
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power . 11
4.2.1.2.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.2.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 12
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.3.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 12
4.2.1.4.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.4.2 Limits . 13
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 14
4.2.1.5.1 Definition. 14
4.2.1.5.2 Limits . 15
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance . 15
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions . 16
4.2.1.6.1 Definition. 16
4.2.1.6.2 Limits . 16
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements . 16
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure . 16
4.2.2.1.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.1.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 16
4.2.2.2.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.2.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance . 18
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 18
4.2.2.3.1 Definition. 18
4.2.2.3.2 Limits . 19
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance . 19
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 19
ETSI
4 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
5.1 General requirements . 19
5.2 Environmental conditions for testing . 20
5.2.1 Test Conditions . 20
5.2.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 20
5.2.3 Normal test power supply . 20
5.3 Radio test suites . 20
5.3.1 Transmitter test specification . 20
5.3.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 20
5.3.1.2 Transmitter Power . 21
5.3.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 21
-40
5.3.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 21
5.3.1.5 Spurious emissions . 23
5.3.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 24
5.3.2 Receiver Test specification . 25
5.3.2.1 Noise Figure . 25
5.3.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 25
5.3.2.2.1 General . 25
5.3.2.2.2 Receiver unwanted Signal Selectivity . 26
5.3.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 26
5.3.2.3.1 General . 26
5.3.2.3.2 Receiver Compression Level . 26
Annex A (informative): Relationship between the present document and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU . 27
Annex B (normative): Calculation of the -40 dB Bandwidth . 28
Annex C (normative): Operating frequency and transmitter power measurement setup . 30
Annex D (normative): Spurious and OoB emission measurement setup . 31
Annex E (normative): Receiver selectivity and compression level measurement setup . 32
Annex F (informative): Maximum Measurement Uncertainty . 33
Annex G (informative): WR187/WG12 waveguide characteristics . 34
Annex H (informative): Checklist . 36
History . 38

ETSI
5 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This final draft Harmonised European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the Vote phase of the
ETSI standards EN Approval Procedure.
The present document has been prepared under the Commission's standardisation request C (2015) 5376 final [i.5] to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU on the harmonisation
of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing
Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
Once the present document is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with
the normative clauses of the present document given in Table A.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of the present
document, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive and associated
EFTA regulations.
The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering meteorological radar systems for different frequency
bands, as identified below:
Part 1: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 2 700 MHz to 2 900 MHz (S band)";
Part 2: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz
(C band)";
Part 3: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 9 300 MHz to 9 500 MHz (X band)".

Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 18 months after doa

ETSI
6 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

ETSI
7 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
1 Scope
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for C band meteorological radar
systems intended for the surveillance and classification of hydrometeors with the following characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz.
• Utilizing unmodulated pulses or phase/frequency modulated pulses also known as pulse compression.
• The maximum output power (PEP) does not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
• The transceiver antenna connection and its feeding RF line use a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna rotates and can be changed in elevation.
• The used waveguide is WR187/WG12 waveguide according to IEC 60153-2 [i.2] with a minimum length
between the output of the transmitter and the input of the antenna of 1 902 mm (20 times the wavelength of the
waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna feed is waveguide based and the antenna is passive.
• The orientation of the transmitted field from the antenna can be vertical or horizontal polarized or it can be
both simultaneously.
• At the transceiver output an RF circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 2: According to provision 5.452 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7], ground-based radars used for
meteorological purposes in the band 5 600 MHz to 5 650 MHz are authorized to operate on a basis of
equality with stations of the maritime radio navigation service.
NOTE 3: Further technical and operational characteristics of meteorological radar systems can be found in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 [i.3].
NOTE 4: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in Annex A.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2019): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[2] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
ETSI
8 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
[3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04/2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the
harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of
radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC.
[i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 3.0, 2016): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 (09/2015): "Technical and operational aspects of ground-based
meteorological radars".
[i.4] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-6 (08/2015): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[i.5] Commission Implementing Decision C(2015) 5376 final of 4.8.2015 on a standardisation request
to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and to the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards radio equipment in support of Directive
2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.
[i.6] ETSI EG 203 336 (V1.2.1) (2020-05): "Guide for the selection of technical parameters for the
production of Harmonised Standards covering article 3.1(b) and article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU".
[i.7] ITU Radio Regulations (2020).
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
active state: state which produces the authorized emission
allocated band: frequency span that regionally or nationally is allocated to one or more radio services on a primary or
secondary basis
NOTE: A table of national frequency allocations are normally available from the radio authority for each national
state. A generic frequency allocation table is also available in the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency: centre of the frequency band assigned to a station
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency band: frequency band within which the emission of a station is authorized
NOTE 1: The width of the band equals the necessary bandwidth plus twice the absolute value of the frequency
tolerance. Where space stations are concerned, the assigned frequency band includes twice the maximum
Doppler shift that may occur in relation to any point of the Earth's surface.
ETSI
9 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
characteristic frequency: frequency which can be easily identified and measured in a given emission
NOTE 1: A carrier frequency may, for example, be designed as the characteristic frequency.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
declared band: band or bands within which the product under test is declared to operate in the applicable operating
modes
NOTE: The declared band for a given region or country is always contained within the allocated band.
frequency tolerance: maximum permissible departure by the centre frequency of the frequency band occupied by an
emission from the assigned frequency or, by the characteristic frequency of an emission from the reference frequency
NOTE 1: The frequency tolerance is expressed in parts in 10 or in Hertz.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
idle/standby state: state where the transmitter is available for operation, but is not in the active state
necessary bandwidth B : width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of
N
information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions for a given class of emission
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
operating mode: predefined configuration for a given service accessible to the operator of the radar system
NOTE 1: Several operating modes may be available.
NOTE 2: Changing operating mode might affect the radio characteristics of the radar system.
out-of-band emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which
results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
peak envelope power (of a radio transmitter): average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a
transmitter during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating
conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
product configuration: hardware variant of the same typology of system under test (e.g. different power outputs,
magnetrons)
pulse duration: time in seconds between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points of a transmitted pulse
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage) in seconds
receiver selectivity: ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth
-40
ETSI
10 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
reference frequency: frequency having a fixed and specified position with respect to the assigned frequency
NOTE 1: The displacement of this frequency with respect to the assigned frequency has the same absolute value
and sign that the displacement of the characteristic frequency has with respect to the centre of the
frequency band occupied by the emission.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
spurious emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of
which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information
NOTE 1: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and
frequency conversion products, but exclude out-of-band emissions.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
system coupler: directional waveguide coupler with forward and reverse port or only a forward port
NOTE: The system coupler is inserted in the waveguide run between the circulator and the antenna but not
directly located behind the antenna. Usually it is located very close behind the circulator.
trapezoidal pulse: pulse which linearly rises to some value and remains constant at this value for some time and falls
linearly to the original value at the end of the pulse
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
dB/dec dB per decade
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
f characteristic frequency
c
f IF frequency
IF
f Image frequency
Image
f transmitter frequency tolerance
t
k Boltzmann's constant
t Pulse duration
t Pulse rise time
r
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
A/D Analog to Digital converter
AC Alternating Current
AM Amplitude Modulation
CW Continuous Wave
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EIA Electronic Industries Alliance
EM ElectroMagnetic
ENR Excessive Noise Ratio
FM Frequency Modulation
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IF Intermediate Frequency
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LNFE Low Noise Front End
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
MW MegaWatt
ETSI
11 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
na not applicable
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PM Phase Modulation
ppm part(s) per million
PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency
RF Radio Frequency
UK United Kingdom
WG Waveguide
WR Waveguide Rectangular
4 Technical requirements specifications
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be in accordance with its intended use, but as a minimum, shall be that specified in the test
conditions contained in the present document. The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the
present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile
defined by its intended use.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance
4.2.1.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar system produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum
depending on the pulse duration. The operating frequency is the frequency of the microwave emission during the
transmitting pulse and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude. For phase/frequency modulated radar
systems the operating frequency is to be understood as the centre between the highest and lowest transmitted frequency.
The frequency tolerance is the maximum permissible departure from the operating frequency.
4.2.1.1.2 Limits
The frequency tolerance for meteorological radar systems at the defined operating frequency shall not exceed
1 250 ppm:
NOTE: This value is specified in Appendix 2 of ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.1.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.1.2.
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power
4.2.1.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power is considered to be the peak value (PEP) of the transmitter pulse power during the transmission
pulse.
ETSI
12 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
4.2.1.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.2.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.2.2.
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition
The measured -40 dB bandwidth is the measured bandwidth of the emission 40 dB below the PEP.
4.2.1.3.2 Limits
For all radar types covered by the present document the measured B bandwidth of the signal shall be contained
-40
completely within the declared band in all operating modes.
In case of multiple carrier-frequencies, all measured -40 dB emissions shall be contained in the declared band.
NOTE: The declared band is always contained in the 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz frequency range.
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.3.2.
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions
4.2.1.4.1 Definition
Out-of-Band emissions refer to emissions in the region between the calculated -40 dB bandwidth and the spurious
region (see clause 4.2.1.5.1 for the definition of spurious region).
For meteorological radar systems with multiple pulse length, the B bandwidth is calculated for each individual used
-40
pulse length and the maximum B bandwidth obtained is used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
NOTE: The shortest pulse length used is usually 500 ns.
For radars with multiple carrier frequencies, the overall emission mask is obtained by superimposing the emission
masks of each individual carrier frequency. An example can be seen in Figure 1.
The applicable formulae for the calculation of the B bandwidth are described in Annex B.
-40
ETSI
13 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
Power
B B
-40 -40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
Frequency
Figure 1: Example of superimposed (combined) mask from two carrier frequencies
4.2.1.4.2 Limits
Depending on the PEP power the maximum OoB emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in Table 1 or
Table 2 and shall not exceed the corresponding mask depicted in Figure 2 as specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2]. The roll-off of the OoB mask beyond the B bandwidth in relation to B is
-40 -40
specified as follows:
• The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B bandwidth to a level of -70 dBpp.
-40
• The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp or -90 dBpp
with regard to the PEP.
NOTE 1: The -100 dBpp mask corresponds to the dashed line in Figure A2.1c and the -90 dBpp corresponds to the
dashed line in Figure A2.1b of unwanted emissions in Annex 2 of the ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2].
NOTE 2: ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1] stipulates in its Table 15 for meteorological radars a spurious emission
limit of "-30 dBm or 100 dB/90 dB below PEP, whichever is less stringent".
Table 1: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP greater than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40
-∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 10,8 -70 to -90 -60
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
14 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
Table 2: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP equal to or less than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40 -∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 15,8 -70 to -100 or -30 dBm, see note -60
NOTE: -70 dBpp to -100 dBpp or -30 dBm whichever is less stringent.

Figure 2: Unwanted emission limit masks
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.4.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.4.2.
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions
4.2.1.5.1 Definition
Spurious emissions are unwanted emissions in the spurious domain. For active transmitters, the spurious domain is all
frequencies outside the OoB domain as shown in Figure 3 below.
They include:
• harmonic emissions (whole multiples of the operating frequency)
• parasitic emissions (independent, accidental)
• intermodulation (between oscillator- and operation frequency or between oscillator and harmonics)
• emissions caused by frequency conversions
ETSI
15 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
The boundaries between OoB domain and the spurious domain are where the OoB limit mask specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2] reaches the spurious emission limit shown in Table 3 according to
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Table 15. This is illustrated in Figure 3.
Power
B
-40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
Spurious domain OoB domain OoB domain
Frequency
Figure 3: Definition of OoB and spurious emission domains for non FM/PM pulsed radar
(Not to scale)
4.2.1.5.2 Limits
For meteorological radar systems the spurious emission limits are related to the PEP. The limits shall be as specified in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Annex 5, Table 15 also shown in Table 3 below.
The spurious emission limits specified in Table 3 are either absolute levels or attenuation (dB) below the PEP supplied
to the antenna port.
Table 3: Spurious emission levels
Transmitter PEP Spurious emission limits
< 10 kW -30 dBm
10 kW ≤ PEP ≤ 150 kW 100 dB
> 150 kW 90 dB
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.5.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.5.2.
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
16 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions
4.2.1.6.1 Definition
The idle/standby state is defined as the state where the transmitter is available for operation but is not in the active state.
The receiver shall be activated.
4.2.1.6.2 Limits
The maximum allowed power level shall be -47 dBm as specified in Table 15 in ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1].
The radars covered by the present document use WR187/WG12 waveguides to transfer power between the transmitter
and the antenna and the waveguide cut-off frequency is 3 152 MHz. Therefore, measurements below this frequency do
not provide valid results since the waveguide is unable to support power transfer along its length below the cut-off
frequency.
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.6.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.6.2.
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure
4.2.2.1.1 Definition
The receiver noise figure measures the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio, caused by components in the
radio-frequency signal chain.
4.2.2.1.2 Limits
The receiver noise figure shall not exceed 6 dB.
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance
The conformance test is specified in clause 5.3.2.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity
4.2.2.2.1 Definition
The receiver selectivity is the ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth.
-40
NOTE: Signals inside the B bandwidth are not considered as interfering signals because they fall into the
-40
desired frequency range for the reception of wanted signals.
4.2.2.2.2 Limits
The receiver selectivity of the radar shall correspond to the requirements shown in Figure 4. The maximum power level
of the unwanted signal, measured at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in Figure E.1, shall be no more
than 12 dB plus LNFE gain above the calculated MDS level.
EXAMPLE 1: If the calculated MDS of the radar system is -102 dBm and the LNFE gain is 20 dB, then the
maximum level of unwanted signals at the output of the digital signal processing is -70 dBm.
ETSI
17 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
NOTE 1: All LNFE input signals are increased by its gain, keeping the relation between wanted and unwanted
signal levels.
bandwidth can be offset from the operating frequency.
For radars with an asymmetrical spectrum, the calculated B
-40
The operating frequency shall be kept inside the calculated B bandwidth.
-40
The receiver selectivity shall be at least verified in the range of:
- Lower B to (Lower B – 500 MHz)
-40 -40
- Upper B to (Upper B + 500 MHz)
-40 -40
The B bandwidth shall be excluded from the receiver selectivity measurement.
-40
EXAMPLE 2: If the meteorological radar operates at 5 640 MHz and the B is equal to 20 MHz then the lower
-40
frequency limit of the disturbing signal is 5 130 MHz. The upper limit is equal to 6 150 MHz.
The swept frequency span shall encompass all image frequencies present in the receiver design. If the image
frequencies are not covered by the verified frequency range as defined above the range shall be extended to cover the
image frequencies accordingly.
The image frequency can be calculated as:
+2×, >
= (1)
−2×, <
The measurement of the receiver selectivity shall be done at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in
Figure E.1.
In order to determine if the receiver selectivity follows the required selectivity mask, a disturbance signal level at the
MDS level plus the required attenuation shall be applied. The minimum input level is the MDS level and is calculated
by the following formula:
= −174 + + (2)
Where:
• -174 dBm is the noise power value in dBm, measured with 1 Hz bandwidth (B ) at 290° Kelvin and derived
N
from the available noise power N on the receiver input. = × × . Where: 0i

- k Boltzmann constant = 1,38064852 × 10 .

- T Temperature in Kelvin.
• NF is the receiver noise figure in dB. Measurement of the noise figure is described in clause 5.3.2.1.
(dB)
• BW is the matched filter bandwidth in dB. Calculated as: 10 log. (dB)
NOTE 2: The matched filter bandwidth usually corresponds to the transmitted pulse length and is usually the
inverse of the pulse length. For example, a 0,8 µs pulse length results in a 1,25 MHz matched filter
bandwidth.
The applied power level at the lower and upper B frequency shall be the MDS level + 40 dB as shown in Figure 4.
-40
The receiver selectivity mask shall be as shown in Table 4. The input power of the receiver shall not exceed -30 dBm.
ETSI
18 Final draft ETSI EN 303 347-2 V1.1.5 (2021-03)
Table 4: Receiver selectivity mask
Frequency offset relative to Maximum interfering power level Slope
f by multiple of the dB above MDS dB/decade
c
B bandwidth
-40
0 to 0,5 None 0
0,5 40
-∞
0,5 to 5 +40 to 70 or -30 dBm -30
5 to 10,8 70 to 90 or -30 dBm -60
10,8 to ∞ -30 dBm 0
Power
disturbing signal disturbing signal
Max. Level
-30 dBm
40 dB
MDS Level
B
-40
Frequency
f
c
Figure 4: Resulting receiver selectivity mask (not to scale) -
The maximum disturbance level was set to -30 dBm
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.2.2.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.2.2.
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level
4.2.2.3.1 Definition
The compression level is defined as when one of the receiver st
...

ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)

HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Meteorological Radars;
Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum;
Part 2: Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the
frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz (C band)

2 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)

Reference
DEN/ERM-TGAERO-42-2
Keywords
harmonised standard, radar, radio

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ETSI
3 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms . 8
3.2 Symbols . 10
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Technical requirements specifications . 11
4.1 Environmental profile . 11
4.2 Conformance requirements . 11
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements . 11
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 11
4.2.1.1.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.1.2 Limits . 11
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance . 11
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power . 11
4.2.1.2.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.2.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 12
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.3.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 12
4.2.1.4.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.4.2 Limits . 13
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 14
4.2.1.5.1 Definition. 14
4.2.1.5.2 Limits . 15
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance . 15
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions . 16
4.2.1.6.1 Definition. 16
4.2.1.6.2 Limits . 16
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements . 16
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure . 16
4.2.2.1.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.1.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 16
4.2.2.2.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.2.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance . 18
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 18
4.2.2.3.1 Definition. 18
4.2.2.3.2 Limits . 19
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance . 19
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 19
ETSI
4 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
5.1 General requirements . 19
5.2 Environmental conditions for testing . 20
5.2.1 Test Conditions . 20
5.2.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 20
5.2.3 Normal test power supply . 20
5.3 Radio test suites . 20
5.3.1 Transmitter test specification . 20
5.3.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 20
5.3.1.2 Transmitter Power . 21
5.3.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 21
-40
5.3.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 21
5.3.1.5 Spurious emissions . 23
5.3.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 24
5.3.2 Receiver Test specification . 25
5.3.2.1 Noise Figure . 25
5.3.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 25
5.3.2.2.1 General . 25
5.3.2.2.2 Receiver unwanted Signal Selectivity . 26
5.3.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 26
5.3.2.3.1 General . 26
5.3.2.3.2 Receiver Compression Level . 26
Annex A (informative): Relationship between the present document and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU . 27
Annex B (normative): Calculation of the -40 dB Bandwidth . 28
Annex C (normative): Operating frequency and transmitter power measurement setup . 30
Annex D (normative): Spurious and OoB emission measurement setup . 31
Annex E (normative): Receiver selectivity and compression level measurement setup . 32
Annex F (informative): Maximum Measurement Uncertainty . 33
Annex G (informative): WR187/WG12 waveguide characteristics . 34
Annex H (informative): Checklist . 36
History . 38

ETSI
5 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The declarations
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, are publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be
found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to
ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the
ETSI Web server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI Directives including the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation regarding the essentiality of IPRs,
including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not
referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become,
essential to the present document.
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Foreword
This Harmonised European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic
compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
The present document has been prepared under the Commission's standardisation request C (2015) 5376 final [i.5] to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU on the harmonisation
of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing
Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
Once the present document is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with
the normative clauses of the present document given in Table A.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of the present
document, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive and associated
EFTA regulations.
The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering meteorological radar systems for different frequency
bands, as identified below:
Part 1: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 2 700 MHz to 2 900 MHz (S band)";
Part 2: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz
(C band)";
Part 3: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 9 300 MHz to 9 500 MHz (X band)".

ETSI
6 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 31 May 2021
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 August 2021
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 28 February 2022
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 28 February 2023

Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

ETSI
7 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
1 Scope
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for C band meteorological radar
systems intended for the surveillance and classification of hydrometeors with the following characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz.
• Utilizing unmodulated pulses or phase/frequency modulated pulses also known as pulse compression.
• The maximum output power (PEP) does not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
• The transceiver antenna connection and its feeding RF line use a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna rotates and can be changed in elevation.
• The used waveguide is WR187/WG12 waveguide according to IEC 60153-2 [i.2] with a minimum length
between the output of the transmitter and the input of the antenna of 1 902 mm (20 times the wavelength of the
waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna feed is waveguide based and the antenna is passive.
• The orientation of the transmitted field from the antenna can be vertical or horizontal polarized or it can be
both simultaneously.
• At the transceiver output an RF circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 2: According to provision 5.452 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7], ground-based radars used for
meteorological purposes in the band 5 600 MHz to 5 650 MHz are authorized to operate on a basis of
equality with stations of the maritime radio navigation service.
NOTE 3: Further technical and operational characteristics of meteorological radar systems can be found in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 [i.3].
NOTE 4: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in Annex A.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2019): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[2] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
ETSI
8 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
[3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04/2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the
harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of
radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC.
[i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 3.0, 2016): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 (09/2015): "Technical and operational aspects of ground-based
meteorological radars".
[i.4] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-6 (08/2015): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[i.5] Commission Implementing Decision C(2015) 5376 final of 4.8.2015 on a standardisation request
to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and to the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards radio equipment in support of Directive
2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.
[i.6] ETSI EG 203 336 (V1.2.1) (05-2020): "Guide for the selection of technical parameters for the
production of Harmonised Standards covering article 3.1(b) and article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU".
[i.7] ITU Radio Regulations (2020).
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
active state: state which produces the authorized emission
allocated band: frequency span that regionally or nationally is allocated to one or more radio services on a primary or
secondary basis
NOTE: A table of national frequency allocations are normally available from the radio authority for each national
state. A generic frequency allocation table is also available in the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency: centre of the frequency band assigned to a station
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency band: frequency band within which the emission of a station is authorized
NOTE 1: The width of the band equals the necessary bandwidth plus twice the absolute value of the frequency
tolerance. Where space stations are concerned, the assigned frequency band includes twice the maximum
Doppler shift that may occur in relation to any point of the Earth's surface.
ETSI
9 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
characteristic frequency: frequency which can be easily identified and measured in a given emission
NOTE 1: A carrier frequency may, for example, be designed as the characteristic frequency.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
declared band: band or bands within which the product under test is declared to operate in the applicable operating
modes
NOTE: The declared band for a given region or country is always contained within the allocated band.
frequency tolerance: maximum permissible departure by the centre frequency of the frequency band occupied by an
emission from the assigned frequency or, by the characteristic frequency of an emission from the reference frequency
NOTE 1: The frequency tolerance is expressed in parts in 10 or in Hertz.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
idle/standby state: state where the transmitter is available for operation, but is not in the active state
necessary bandwidth B : width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of
N
information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions for a given class of emission
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
operating mode: predefined configuration for a given service accessible to the operator of the radar system
NOTE 1: Several operating modes may be available.
NOTE 2: Changing operating mode might affect the radio characteristics of the radar system.
out-of-band emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which
results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
peak envelope power (of a radio transmitter): average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a
transmitter during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating
conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
product configuration: hardware variant of the same typology of system under test (e.g. different power outputs,
magnetrons)
pulse duration: time in seconds between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points of a transmitted pulse
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage) in seconds
receiver selectivity: ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth
-40
ETSI
10 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
reference frequency: frequency having a fixed and specified position with respect to the assigned frequency
NOTE 1: The displacement of this frequency with respect to the assigned frequency has the same absolute value
and sign that the displacement of the characteristic frequency has with respect to the centre of the
frequency band occupied by the emission.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
spurious emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of
which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information
NOTE 1: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and
frequency conversion products, but exclude out-of-band emissions.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
system coupler: directional waveguide coupler with forward and reverse port or only a forward port
NOTE: The system coupler is inserted in the waveguide run between the circulator and the antenna but not
directly located behind the antenna. Usually it is located very close behind the circulator.
trapezoidal pulse: pulse which linearly rises to some value and remains constant at this value for some time and falls
linearly to the original value at the end of the pulse
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
dB/dec dB per decade
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
f characteristic frequency
c
f IF frequency
IF
Image frequency
f
Image
f transmitter frequency tolerance
t
k Boltzmann's constant
t Pulse duration
t Pulse rise time
r
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
A/D Analog to Digital converter
AC Alternating Current
AM Amplitude Modulation
CW Continuous Wave
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EIA Electronic Industries Alliance
EM ElectroMagnetic
ENR Excessive Noise Ratio
FM Frequency Modulation
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IF Intermediate Frequency
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LNFE Low Noise Front End
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
MW MegaWatt
ETSI
11 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
na not applicable
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PM Phase Modulation
ppm part(s) per million
PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency
RF Radio Frequency
UK United Kingdom
WG Waveguide
WR Waveguide Rectangular
4 Technical requirements specifications
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be in accordance with its intended use, but as a minimum, shall be that specified in the test
conditions contained in the present document. The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the
present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile
defined by its intended use.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance
4.2.1.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar system produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum
depending on the pulse duration. The operating frequency is the frequency of the microwave emission during the
transmitting pulse and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude. For phase/frequency modulated radar
systems the operating frequency is to be understood as the centre between the highest and lowest transmitted frequency.
The frequency tolerance is the maximum permissible departure from the operating frequency.
4.2.1.1.2 Limits
The frequency tolerance for meteorological radar systems at the defined operating frequency shall not exceed
1 250 ppm:
NOTE: This value is specified in Appendix 2 of ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.1.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.1.2.
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power
4.2.1.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power is considered to be the peak value (PEP) of the transmitter pulse power during the transmission
pulse.
ETSI
12 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
4.2.1.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.2.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.2.2.
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition
The measured -40 dB bandwidth is the measured bandwidth of the emission 40 dB below the PEP.
4.2.1.3.2 Limits
For all radar types covered by the present document the measured B bandwidth of the signal shall be contained
-40
completely within the declared band in all operating modes.
In case of multiple carrier-frequencies, all measured -40 dB emissions shall be contained in the declared band.
NOTE: The declared band is always contained in the 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz frequency range.
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.3.2.
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions
4.2.1.4.1 Definition
Out-of-Band emissions refer to emissions in the region between the calculated -40 dB bandwidth and the spurious
region (see clause 4.2.1.5.1 for the definition of spurious region).
For meteorological radar systems with multiple pulse length, the B bandwidth is calculated for each individual used
-40
pulse length and the maximum B bandwidth obtained is used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
NOTE: The shortest pulse length used is usually 500 ns.
For radars with multiple carrier frequencies, the overall emission mask is obtained by superimposing the emission
masks of each individual carrier frequency. An example can be seen in Figure 1.
The applicable formulae for the calculation of the B bandwidth are described in Annex B.
-40
ETSI
13 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
Power
B B
-40 -40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
Frequency
Figure 1: Example of superimposed (combined) mask from two carrier frequencies
4.2.1.4.2 Limits
Depending on the PEP power the maximum OoB emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in Table 1 or
Table 2 and shall not exceed the corresponding mask depicted in Figure 2 as specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2]. The roll-off of the OoB mask beyond the B bandwidth in relation to B is
-40 -40
specified as follows:
• The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B bandwidth to a level of -70 dBpp.
-40
• The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp or -90 dBpp
with regard to the PEP.
NOTE 1: The -100 dBpp mask corresponds to the dashed line in Figure A2.1c and the -90 dBpp corresponds to the
dashed line in Figure A2.1b of unwanted emissions in Annex 2 of the ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2].
NOTE 2: ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1] stipulates in its Table 15 for meteorological radars a spurious emission
limit of "-30 dBm or 100 dB/90 dB below PEP, whichever is less stringent".
Table 1: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP greater than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40
-∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 10,8 -70 to -90 -60
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
14 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
Table 2: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP equal to or less than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40 -∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 15,8 -70 to -100 or -30 dBm, see note -60
NOTE: -70 dBpp to -100 dBpp or -30 dBm whichever is less stringent.

Figure 2: Unwanted emission limit masks
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.4.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.4.2.
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions
4.2.1.5.1 Definition
Spurious emissions are unwanted emissions in the spurious domain. For active transmitters, the spurious domain is all
frequencies outside the OoB domain as shown in Figure 3 below.
They include:
• harmonic emissions (whole multiples of the operating frequency)
• parasitic emissions (independent, accidental)
• intermodulation (between oscillator- and operation frequency or between oscillator and harmonics)
• emissions caused by frequency conversions
ETSI
15 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
The boundaries between OoB domain and the spurious domain are where the OoB limit mask specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2] reaches the spurious emission limit shown in Table 3 according to
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Table 15. This is illustrated in Figure 3.
Power
B
-40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
OoB domain
Spurious domain OoB domain
Frequency
Figure 3: Definition of OoB and spurious emission domains for non FM/PM pulsed radar
(Not to scale)
4.2.1.5.2 Limits
For meteorological radar systems the spurious emission limits are related to the PEP. The limits shall be as specified in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Annex 5, Table 15 also shown in Table 3 below.
The spurious emission limits specified in Table 3 are either absolute levels or attenuation (dB) below the PEP supplied
to the antenna port.
Table 3: Spurious emission levels
Transmitter PEP Spurious emission limits
< 10 kW -30 dBm
10 kW ≤ PEP ≤ 150 kW 100 dB
> 150 kW 90 dB
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.5.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.5.2.
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
16 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions
4.2.1.6.1 Definition
The idle/standby state is defined as the state where the transmitter is available for operation but is not in the active state.
The receiver shall be activated.
4.2.1.6.2 Limits
The maximum allowed power level shall be -47 dBm as specified in Table 15 in ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1].
The radars covered by the present document use WR187/WG12 waveguides to transfer power between the transmitter
and the antenna and the waveguide cut-off frequency is 3 152 MHz. Therefore, measurements below this frequency do
not provide valid results since the waveguide is unable to support power transfer along its length below the cut-off
frequency.
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.6.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.6.2.
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure
4.2.2.1.1 Definition
The receiver noise figure measures the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio, caused by components in the
radio-frequency signal chain.
4.2.2.1.2 Limits
The receiver noise figure shall not exceed 6 dB.
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance
The conformance test is specified in clause 5.3.2.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity
4.2.2.2.1 Definition
The receiver selectivity is the ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth.
-40
NOTE: Signals inside the B bandwidth are not considered as interfering signals because they fall into the
-40
desired frequency range for the reception of wanted signals.
4.2.2.2.2 Limits
The receiver selectivity of the radar shall correspond to the requirements shown in Figure 4. The maximum power level
of the unwanted signal, measured at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in Figure E.1, shall be no more
than 12 dB plus LNFE gain above the calculated MDS level.
EXAMPLE 1: If the calculated MDS of the radar system is -102 dBm and the LNFE gain is 20 dB, then the
maximum level of unwanted signals at the output of the digital signal processing is -70 dBm.
ETSI
17 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
NOTE 1: All LNFE input signals are increased by its gain, keeping the relation between wanted and unwanted
signal levels.
For radars with an asymmetrical spectrum, the calculated B bandwidth can be offset from the operating frequency.
-40
The operating frequency shall be kept inside the calculated B bandwidth.
-40
The receiver selectivity shall be at least verified in the range of:
- Lower B to (Lower B – 500 MHz)
-40 -40
- Upper B to (Upper B + 500 MHz)
-40 -40
The B bandwidth shall be excluded from the receiver selectivity measurement.
-40
EXAMPLE 2: If the meteorological radar operates at 5 640 MHz and the B is equal to 20 MHz then the lower
-40
frequency limit of the disturbing signal is 5 130 MHz. The upper limit is equal to 6 150 MHz.
The swept frequency span shall encompass all image frequencies present in the receiver design. If the image
frequencies are not covered by the verified frequency range as defined above the range shall be extended to cover the
image frequencies accordingly.
The image frequency can be calculated as:
� +2� ,�� � > �
� �� �� �
� = � (1)
�����
� −2×� ,�� � < �
� �� �� �
The measurement of the receiver selectivity shall be done at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in
Figure E.1.
In order to determine if the receiver selectivity follows the required selectivity mask, a disturbance signal level at the
MDS level plus the required attenuation shall be applied. The minimum input level is the MDS level and is calculated
by the following formula:
�������� = −174 ��� +�� +�� (2)
���� ����
Where:
• -174 dBm is the noise power value in dBm, measured with 1 Hz bandwidth (B ) at 290° Kelvin and derived
N
from the available noise power N on the receiver input. � = � × � × � . Where:
� 0 �
i
�
���
- k Boltzmann constant = 1,38064852 × 10 .
�
- T Temperature in Kelvin.
is the receiver noise figure in dB. Measurement of the noise figure is described in clause 5.3.2.1.
• NF
(dB)
• BW is the matched filter bandwidth in dB. Calculated as: 10 log��� �.
� �
��
(dB)
NOTE 2: The matched filter bandwidth usually corresponds to the transmitted pulse length and is usually the
inverse of the pulse length. For example, a 0,8 µs pulse length results in a 1,25 MHz matched filter
bandwidth.
The applied power level at the lower and upper B frequency shall be the MDS level + 40 dB as shown in Figure 4.
-40
The receiver selectivity mask shall be as shown in Table 4. The input power of the re
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2021
Meteorološki radarji - Harmonizirani standard za dostop do radijskega spektra - 2.
del: Meteorološki radarski senzor, ki deluje v frekvenčnem pasu od 5250 MHz do
5850 MHz (pas C)
Meteorological Radars - Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum - Part 2:
Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz
(C band)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
ICS:
07.060 Geologija. Meteorologija. Geology. Meteorology.
Hidrologija Hydrology
33.060.99 Druga oprema za radijske Other equipment for
komunikacije radiocommunications
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)

HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Meteorological Radars;
Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum;
Part 2: Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the
frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz (C band)

2 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)

Reference
DEN/ERM-TGAERO-42-2
Keywords
harmonised standard, radar, radio

ETSI
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Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° w061004871

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ETSI
3 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms . 8
3.2 Symbols . 10
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Technical requirements specifications . 11
4.1 Environmental profile . 11
4.2 Conformance requirements . 11
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements . 11
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 11
4.2.1.1.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.1.2 Limits . 11
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance . 11
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power . 11
4.2.1.2.1 Definition. 11
4.2.1.2.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 12
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.3.2 Limits . 12
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 12
4.2.1.4.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.4.2 Limits . 13
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 14
4.2.1.5.1 Definition. 14
4.2.1.5.2 Limits . 15
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance . 15
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions . 16
4.2.1.6.1 Definition. 16
4.2.1.6.2 Limits . 16
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements . 16
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure . 16
4.2.2.1.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.1.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance . 16
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 16
4.2.2.2.1 Definition. 16
4.2.2.2.2 Limits . 16
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance . 18
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 18
4.2.2.3.1 Definition. 18
4.2.2.3.2 Limits . 19
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance . 19
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 19
ETSI
4 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
5.1 General requirements . 19
5.2 Environmental conditions for testing . 20
5.2.1 Test Conditions . 20
5.2.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 20
5.2.3 Normal test power supply . 20
5.3 Radio test suites . 20
5.3.1 Transmitter test specification . 20
5.3.1.1 Frequency Tolerance . 20
5.3.1.2 Transmitter Power . 21
5.3.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth . 21
-40
5.3.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions . 21
5.3.1.5 Spurious emissions . 23
5.3.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 24
5.3.2 Receiver Test specification . 25
5.3.2.1 Noise Figure . 25
5.3.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 25
5.3.2.2.1 General . 25
5.3.2.2.2 Receiver unwanted Signal Selectivity . 26
5.3.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 26
5.3.2.3.1 General . 26
5.3.2.3.2 Receiver Compression Level . 26
Annex A (informative): Relationship between the present document and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU . 27
Annex B (normative): Calculation of the -40 dB Bandwidth . 28
Annex C (normative): Operating frequency and transmitter power measurement setup . 30
Annex D (normative): Spurious and OoB emission measurement setup . 31
Annex E (normative): Receiver selectivity and compression level measurement setup . 32
Annex F (informative): Maximum Measurement Uncertainty . 33
Annex G (informative): WR187/WG12 waveguide characteristics . 34
Annex H (informative): Checklist . 36
History . 38

ETSI
5 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
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ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the
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Foreword
This Harmonised European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic
compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
The present document has been prepared under the Commission's standardisation request C (2015) 5376 final [i.5] to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU on the harmonisation
of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing
Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
Once the present document is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with
the normative clauses of the present document given in Table A.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of the present
document, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive and associated
EFTA regulations.
The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering meteorological radar systems for different frequency
bands, as identified below:
Part 1: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 2 700 MHz to 2 900 MHz (S band)";
Part 2: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz
(C band)";
Part 3: "Meteorological Radar Sensor operating in the frequency band 9 300 MHz to 9 500 MHz (X band)".

ETSI
6 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 31 May 2021
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 August 2021
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 28 February 2022
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 28 February 2023

Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

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7 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
1 Scope
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for C band meteorological radar
systems intended for the surveillance and classification of hydrometeors with the following characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz.
• Utilizing unmodulated pulses or phase/frequency modulated pulses also known as pulse compression.
• The maximum output power (PEP) does not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
• The transceiver antenna connection and its feeding RF line use a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna rotates and can be changed in elevation.
• The used waveguide is WR187/WG12 waveguide according to IEC 60153-2 [i.2] with a minimum length
between the output of the transmitter and the input of the antenna of 1 902 mm (20 times the wavelength of the
waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna feed is waveguide based and the antenna is passive.
• The orientation of the transmitted field from the antenna can be vertical or horizontal polarized or it can be
both simultaneously.
• At the transceiver output an RF circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 2: According to provision 5.452 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7], ground-based radars used for
meteorological purposes in the band 5 600 MHz to 5 650 MHz are authorized to operate on a basis of
equality with stations of the maritime radio navigation service.
NOTE 3: Further technical and operational characteristics of meteorological radar systems can be found in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 [i.3].
NOTE 4: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in Annex A.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2019): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[2] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
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8 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
[3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04/2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the
harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of
radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC.
[i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 3.0, 2016): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 (09/2015): "Technical and operational aspects of ground-based
meteorological radars".
[i.4] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-6 (08/2015): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[i.5] Commission Implementing Decision C(2015) 5376 final of 4.8.2015 on a standardisation request
to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and to the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards radio equipment in support of Directive
2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.
[i.6] ETSI EG 203 336 (V1.2.1) (05-2020): "Guide for the selection of technical parameters for the
production of Harmonised Standards covering article 3.1(b) and article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU".
[i.7] ITU Radio Regulations (2020).
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
active state: state which produces the authorized emission
allocated band: frequency span that regionally or nationally is allocated to one or more radio services on a primary or
secondary basis
NOTE: A table of national frequency allocations are normally available from the radio authority for each national
state. A generic frequency allocation table is also available in the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency: centre of the frequency band assigned to a station
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
assigned frequency band: frequency band within which the emission of a station is authorized
NOTE 1: The width of the band equals the necessary bandwidth plus twice the absolute value of the frequency
tolerance. Where space stations are concerned, the assigned frequency band includes twice the maximum
Doppler shift that may occur in relation to any point of the Earth's surface.
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9 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
characteristic frequency: frequency which can be easily identified and measured in a given emission
NOTE 1: A carrier frequency may, for example, be designed as the characteristic frequency.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
declared band: band or bands within which the product under test is declared to operate in the applicable operating
modes
NOTE: The declared band for a given region or country is always contained within the allocated band.
frequency tolerance: maximum permissible departure by the centre frequency of the frequency band occupied by an
emission from the assigned frequency or, by the characteristic frequency of an emission from the reference frequency
NOTE 1: The frequency tolerance is expressed in parts in 10 or in Hertz.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
idle/standby state: state where the transmitter is available for operation, but is not in the active state
necessary bandwidth B : width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of
N
information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions for a given class of emission
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
operating mode: predefined configuration for a given service accessible to the operator of the radar system
NOTE 1: Several operating modes may be available.
NOTE 2: Changing operating mode might affect the radio characteristics of the radar system.
out-of-band emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which
results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
peak envelope power (of a radio transmitter): average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a
transmitter during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating
conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
product configuration: hardware variant of the same typology of system under test (e.g. different power outputs,
magnetrons)
pulse duration: time in seconds between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points of a transmitted pulse
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage) in seconds
receiver selectivity: ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth
-40
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10 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
reference frequency: frequency having a fixed and specified position with respect to the assigned frequency
NOTE 1: The displacement of this frequency with respect to the assigned frequency has the same absolute value
and sign that the displacement of the characteristic frequency has with respect to the centre of the
frequency band occupied by the emission.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
spurious emission: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of
which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information
NOTE 1: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and
frequency conversion products, but exclude out-of-band emissions.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
system coupler: directional waveguide coupler with forward and reverse port or only a forward port
NOTE: The system coupler is inserted in the waveguide run between the circulator and the antenna but not
directly located behind the antenna. Usually it is located very close behind the circulator.
trapezoidal pulse: pulse which linearly rises to some value and remains constant at this value for some time and falls
linearly to the original value at the end of the pulse
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
dB/dec dB per decade
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
f characteristic frequency
c
f IF frequency
IF
Image frequency
f
Image
f transmitter frequency tolerance
t
k Boltzmann's constant
t Pulse duration
t Pulse rise time
r
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
A/D Analog to Digital converter
AC Alternating Current
AM Amplitude Modulation
CW Continuous Wave
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EIA Electronic Industries Alliance
EM ElectroMagnetic
ENR Excessive Noise Ratio
FM Frequency Modulation
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IF Intermediate Frequency
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LNFE Low Noise Front End
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
MW MegaWatt
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11 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
na not applicable
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PM Phase Modulation
ppm part(s) per million
PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency
RF Radio Frequency
UK United Kingdom
WG Waveguide
WR Waveguide Rectangular
4 Technical requirements specifications
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be in accordance with its intended use, but as a minimum, shall be that specified in the test
conditions contained in the present document. The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the
present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile
defined by its intended use.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements
4.2.1.1 Frequency Tolerance
4.2.1.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar system produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum
depending on the pulse duration. The operating frequency is the frequency of the microwave emission during the
transmitting pulse and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude. For phase/frequency modulated radar
systems the operating frequency is to be understood as the centre between the highest and lowest transmitted frequency.
The frequency tolerance is the maximum permissible departure from the operating frequency.
4.2.1.1.2 Limits
The frequency tolerance for meteorological radar systems at the defined operating frequency shall not exceed
1 250 ppm:
NOTE: This value is specified in Appendix 2 of ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.1.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.1.2.
4.2.1.2 Transmitter output power
4.2.1.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power is considered to be the peak value (PEP) of the transmitter pulse power during the transmission
pulse.
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12 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
4.2.1.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.2.
The results obtained for all available pulse length settings shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.2.2.
4.2.1.3 Measured B Bandwidth
-40
4.2.1.3.1 Definition
The measured -40 dB bandwidth is the measured bandwidth of the emission 40 dB below the PEP.
4.2.1.3.2 Limits
For all radar types covered by the present document the measured B bandwidth of the signal shall be contained
-40
completely within the declared band in all operating modes.
In case of multiple carrier-frequencies, all measured -40 dB emissions shall be contained in the declared band.
NOTE: The declared band is always contained in the 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz frequency range.
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.3.2.
4.2.1.4 Out-of-Band emissions
4.2.1.4.1 Definition
Out-of-Band emissions refer to emissions in the region between the calculated -40 dB bandwidth and the spurious
region (see clause 4.2.1.5.1 for the definition of spurious region).
For meteorological radar systems with multiple pulse length, the B bandwidth is calculated for each individual used
-40
pulse length and the maximum B bandwidth obtained is used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
NOTE: The shortest pulse length used is usually 500 ns.
For radars with multiple carrier frequencies, the overall emission mask is obtained by superimposing the emission
masks of each individual carrier frequency. An example can be seen in Figure 1.
The applicable formulae for the calculation of the B bandwidth are described in Annex B.
-40
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13 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
Power
B B
-40 -40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
Frequency
Figure 1: Example of superimposed (combined) mask from two carrier frequencies
4.2.1.4.2 Limits
Depending on the PEP power the maximum OoB emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in Table 1 or
Table 2 and shall not exceed the corresponding mask depicted in Figure 2 as specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2]. The roll-off of the OoB mask beyond the B bandwidth in relation to B is
-40 -40
specified as follows:
• The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B bandwidth to a level of -70 dBpp.
-40
• The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp or -90 dBpp
with regard to the PEP.
NOTE 1: The -100 dBpp mask corresponds to the dashed line in Figure A2.1c and the -90 dBpp corresponds to the
dashed line in Figure A2.1b of unwanted emissions in Annex 2 of the ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2].
NOTE 2: ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1] stipulates in its Table 15 for meteorological radars a spurious emission
limit of "-30 dBm or 100 dB/90 dB below PEP, whichever is less stringent".
Table 1: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP greater than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40
-∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 10,8 -70 to -90 -60
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40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
14 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
Table 2: Limits for Out-of-Band emissions for a PEP equal to or less than 150 kW
Multiple of the Limit Slope
B bandwidth dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 -40 -∞
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 -30
5 to 15,8 -70 to -100 or -30 dBm, see note -60
NOTE: -70 dBpp to -100 dBpp or -30 dBm whichever is less stringent.

Figure 2: Unwanted emission limit masks
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.4.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.4.2.
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions
4.2.1.5.1 Definition
Spurious emissions are unwanted emissions in the spurious domain. For active transmitters, the spurious domain is all
frequencies outside the OoB domain as shown in Figure 3 below.
They include:
• harmonic emissions (whole multiples of the operating frequency)
• parasitic emissions (independent, accidental)
• intermodulation (between oscillator- and operation frequency or between oscillator and harmonics)
• emissions caused by frequency conversions
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15 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
The boundaries between OoB domain and the spurious domain are where the OoB limit mask specified in Annex 2 in
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [2] reaches the spurious emission limit shown in Table 3 according to
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Table 15. This is illustrated in Figure 3.
Power
B
-40
OoB mask from ECC
Recommendation (02)05
[2]
Spurious limit from ERC
Recommendation 74-01
[1]
OoB domain
Spurious domain OoB domain
Frequency
Figure 3: Definition of OoB and spurious emission domains for non FM/PM pulsed radar
(Not to scale)
4.2.1.5.2 Limits
For meteorological radar systems the spurious emission limits are related to the PEP. The limits shall be as specified in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1], Annex 5, Table 15 also shown in Table 3 below.
The spurious emission limits specified in Table 3 are either absolute levels or attenuation (dB) below the PEP supplied
to the antenna port.
Table 3: Spurious emission levels
Transmitter PEP Spurious emission limits
< 10 kW -30 dBm
10 kW ≤ PEP ≤ 150 kW 100 dB
> 150 kW 90 dB
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.5.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.5.2.
ETSI
40 dB
100 dB / 90 dB / -30 dBm
16 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode emissions
4.2.1.6.1 Definition
The idle/standby state is defined as the state where the transmitter is available for operation but is not in the active state.
The receiver shall be activated.
4.2.1.6.2 Limits
The maximum allowed power level shall be -47 dBm as specified in Table 15 in ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [1].
The radars covered by the present document use WR187/WG12 waveguides to transfer power between the transmitter
and the antenna and the waveguide cut-off frequency is 3 152 MHz. Therefore, measurements below this frequency do
not provide valid results since the waveguide is unable to support power transfer along its length below the cut-off
frequency.
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.3.1.6.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.6.2.
4.2.2 Receiver Requirements
4.2.2.1 Noise Figure
4.2.2.1.1 Definition
The receiver noise figure measures the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio, caused by components in the
radio-frequency signal chain.
4.2.2.1.2 Limits
The receiver noise figure shall not exceed 6 dB.
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance
The conformance test is specified in clause 5.3.2.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity
4.2.2.2.1 Definition
The receiver selectivity is the ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth.
-40
NOTE: Signals inside the B bandwidth are not considered as interfering signals because they fall into the
-40
desired frequency range for the reception of wanted signals.
4.2.2.2.2 Limits
The receiver selectivity of the radar shall correspond to the requirements shown in Figure 4. The maximum power level
of the unwanted signal, measured at the output of the digital signal processing as shown in Figure E.1, shall be no more
than 12 dB plus LNFE gain above the calculated MDS level.
EXAMPLE 1: If the calculated MDS of the radar system is -102 dBm and the LNFE gain is 20 dB, then the
maximum level of unwanted signals at the output of the digital signal processing is -70 dBm.
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17 ETSI EN 303 347-2 V2.1.1 (2021-06)
NOTE 1: All LNFE input signals are increased by its gain, keeping the relation between wanted and unwanted
signal levels.
For radars with an asymmetrical spectrum, the calculated B bandwidth can be offset from the operating frequency.
-40
The operating frequency shall be kept inside the calculated B bandwidth.
-40
The receiver selectivity shall be at least verified in the range of:
- Lower B to (Lower B – 500 MHz)
-40 -40
- Upper B to (Upper B + 500 MHz)
-40 -40
The B bandwidth shall be excluded from the receiver selectivity measurement.
-40
EXAMPLE 2: If the meteorological radar operates at 5 640 MHz and the B is equal to 20 MHz then the lower
-40
frequency limit of the disturbing signal is 5 130 MHz. The upper limit is equal to 6 150 MHz.
The swept frequency span shall encompass all image frequencies present in the receiver design. If the image
frequencies are not covered by the verified frequency range as defined above the range shall be extende
...