07 - NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES
ICS 07 Details
NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES
MATHEMATIK. NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
MATHEMATIQUES. SCIENCES NATURELLES
NARAVOSLOVNE IN UPORABNE VEDE
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 07 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 2951 standards classified under ICS 07 (NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document provides guidance for users in the correct selection and usage of routinely available techniques for the determination of the aggregation and agglomeration state of nano-objects in powders, aerosols and suspensions. It provides guidance on measurands and measurement methods to use along with guidance on sample preparation.
- Draft61 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 62876-3-2:2026 which is a Technical Specification, establishes a standardized method to determine
• volume fraction
for graphene by
• ellipsometry.
Thickness/composition measurements are evaluated by ellipsometry before and after the stability test. By model calculation, the volume fraction of graphene can be evaluated. Since the test method is non‑destructive, it can be used to assess the reliability and durability of graphene films on production lines.
• For graphene-capped copper for Cu interconnects in a semiconductor engineering, for example, the reliability and durability of the capping layer are evaluated.
• Gas sensors, gas barriers, transparent electrodes for solar cells, etc. are being researched and developed.
• This method is useful for non-destructive and quantitative evaluation of the volume fraction of graphene to assess the reliability and durability.
- Technical specification18 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and provides guidance for the construction of monitoring stations of karst critical zones, the monitoring of processes (specific processes), the monitoring data collection and processing, and sharing and service of monitoring information. This document applies to karst critical zones of different types—differing in lithology, altitude, and climatic zones, and proper monitoring adjustment is allowed for different types.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides the principles and rules for the naming of general terms in the field of nanotechnologies. This document gives guidance for the naming of a range of concepts, materials, objects, items and phenomena using a series of identified qualifiers, following the convention described within this document. NOTE Additional terms and definitions that relate to nanotechnologies are provided in ISO 80004-1:2023.
- Technical specification15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification15 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for reference next generation nucleotide sequences.[1][2] This document is applicable to all verified next generation (VNGS) nucleotide sequences determined by next generation sequence (NGS) technology that are accessible on the semantic web and included in a database (public or private).[3][4][5][6]
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard16 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the behaviour of web application programming interfaces (APIs) that provide access to tiles of one or more geospatial data resources (collections) that the web API offers.
This document describes how to:
discover which resources offered by the web API can be retrieved as tiles;
get metadata about the available tile sets (including according to which tile matrix set each tile set is partitioned and the limits of that tile set within a common potentially global tile matrix set);
request a tile.
The core conformance class is defined in a way that can be easily included in a web API, even if that API does not conform to the OGC API – Common Standard. A web API can combine some requirements classes of this document with those of other OGC API standards (including OGC API – Common) to extend the scope of the web API by adding functionality.
- Draft69 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines a framework for the extensible registration of information — an approach used to manage an information register.
This framework specifies the following requirements of an information register:
capability requirements that an information register uses to manage register content;
governance requirements that define a set of processes and rules used in the establishment, management, operation, content publication and use of an information register.
The following considerations are out of scope of this document:
implementation details for the realization of an information register;
content and related definitions that are managed within an information register.
- Standard298 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes basic principles and specifies requirements and methods to determine the cardinal values of bacteria and yeast strains and use them to predict microbial growth.
The four main steps of the approach are:
determination of the cardinal values in culture medium;
determination of the correction factor in the target food;
validation of the model;
simulations.
Four environmental factors are considered: temperature, pH, aw and inhibitors (e.g. organic acids).
NOTE 1 Microbial competition is not considered as an inhibitor in this document and can be addressed by proper modelling approaches.
The determination of cardinal values is performed in a two-step approach:
the determination of maximum specific growth rates of the studied strain grown in broth under a defined range of values of the studied environmental factor(s);
the use of recognized predictive microbiology secondary models to fit the obtained experimental data to obtain the cardinal values.
The use of cardinal values in microbial growth simulation is based on predictive microbiology primary and secondary models. The cardinal values are combined with challenge test data to consider the matrix effect. Depending on the goal of the growth simulation, it is important to account for variation of cardinal values between strains within a bacterial or yeast species.
Cardinal values are a good indicator of a strain growth ability for the studied environmental factors. They are therefore used as criteria to select strains, in addition to their origin and virulence, when performing growth challenge tests (see ISO 20976-1) or in methods validation (see ISO 16140 series).
NOTE 2 This document focuses on the determination of cardinal values for one strain. The same methodology can be used to characterize multiple strains independently to cover biological strain variability and include these results in the predictions.
- Standard56 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the calibration and validation of Earth observing (EO) data acquired by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors and products derived from SAR data. The specified SAR sensors include general working modes and advanced working modes.
In this document, calibration addresses the process to correct the data, not only geometrically and radiometrically, but also characteristically for qualitative and quantitative applications. Validation addresses an evaluation of the quality and accuracy of the calibrated data and derived products.
This document also addresses the associated metadata related to calibration and validation that has not been defined in other geographic information International Standards.
This document does not apply to the calibration of SAR sensors and validation of SAR sensor calibration, which are covered by ISO/TS 19159-3. However, the calibration and validation procedure can be also applied and referenced among others.
- Technical specification48 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes the general principles of field-flow fractionation and specifies parameters, conditions and minimal reporting requirements, as part of an integrated measurement system, required to develop and validate methods for the application of asymmetrical flow and centrifugal field-flow fractionation in the analysis of nano-objects and their aggregates and agglomerates in aqueous media. General guidelines and procedures are provided to aid the user.
- Standard66 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 62607-4-11:2026, which is a Technical Specification, specifies the dispersion stability by using the zeta potential (ζ) method for nano-carbon materials for lithium ion capacitors. This document describes not only the dispersion stability of nano-carbon materials but also the effect of different surfactants as well as the evaluation method for testing long-term dispersion stability using the zeta potential (ζ). This document describes:
• Dispersion stability of nano-carbon materials using zeta potential (ζ) for electrochemical capacitors using carbon nanomaterials as electrodes
• Effect of different surfactants
• Evaluation of long-term dispersion stability using the zeta potential (ζ) method
- Technical specification29 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies minimum requirements for quantifying viral vectors in terms of physical titer and their associated activity. This document specifies key considerations for quantification methods for viral vector titer as well as activity, including method selection, measurement process, data analysis, and reporting.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for the biobanking of human natural killer (NK) cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including the requirements for the differentiaton, culture, characterization, quality control, storage, thawing and transport of NK cells. Requirements for the collection of biological source material, the transport to and reception of biological source material and hPSCs at the biobank, as well as the establishment, expansion and QC of hPSCs are covered in ISO 24603. This document is applicable to all organizations performing biobanking of human NK cells used for research and development in the life sciences. This document does not apply to human NK cells for the purpose of in vivo application in humans, clinical applications or therapeutic use. NOTE International, national or regional regulations or requirements or multiple of them can also apply to specific topics covered in this document.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 62565-3-6:2026 which is a Technical Specification, establishes the blank detail specification for graphene oxide in powders and aqueous dispersions.
This document defines a format for specifying key control characteristics (KCCs), including a list of these characteristics and their corresponding standardized measurement procedures, where available. Numeric values are left blank to be determined between the customer and supplier in the detail specification (DS).
In the DS, key control characteristics can be added or removed by mutual agreement.
If no standardized measurement procedures are available, guidelines in Annex A are presented, which can be used by the involved parties to assure consistent material quality.
For non-aqueous solvents, it is crucial to make modifications to address relevant characteristics such as appearance, pH, and viscosity.
- Technical specification25 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives guidelines for the restoration of rivers, including their channels, riparian zones and floodplains. The word ‘river’ is used as a generic term to describe permanently flowing and intermittent watercourses of all sizes, with the exception of artificial water bodies such as canals. Some aspects of landscape restoration beyond the boundaries of what are often considered typical river processes are also considered.
A clear framework of guiding principles to help inform the planning and implementation of river restoration work is provided. These principles are applicable to individuals and organizations wishing to restore rivers, and stress the importance of monitoring and appraisal. This document makes reference to existing techniques and guidance, where these are appropriate and within the scope of this document.
This document gives guidelines on:
- the core principles of restoration;
- aims and overall outcomes of river restoration;
- the spectrum of typical approaches to river restoration with a focus on those that are nature-based and restore both physical and ecological aspects;
- identifying opportunities for restoration and possible constraints, with a focus on physical and natural rather than socio-economic aspects;
- different scales of restoration and how restoration works across different catchments and landscapes;
- the importance of monitoring and appraising restoration work across the range of approaches and scales.
- Standard48 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies microbiological cleanliness and preservative efficacy requirements for accessible aqueous media in toys.
The requirements in this document apply to all toys that are, contain or are supplied with accessible aqueous materials (e.g. paste, putty, finger paint, liquid or gel).
The cleanliness and preservation effectiveness requirements are applicable to a toy as it is initially received by the consumer, in an unopened and undamaged container. This document does not apply to a toy that has been used, has had its packaging opened or is otherwise compromised in a way that would introduce microbiological contamination.
This document does not apply to toys and samples which are post-consumer use, since the microbiological limits are inappropriate given, there is no way to establish what conditions the toys have been subject to before testing.
This document does not apply to:
- materials that are inaccessible during normal use or after reasonably foreseeable abuse;
- food;
- cosmetics;
- components of toys covered by EN 71-13 where;
- the component is in scope of the Cosmetic Products Regulation (i.e. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 [13];
- the component comprises only recognized food flavours and food ingredients (see relevant legislation, for example Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 [16] ("general food law"), Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 [15] (flavours), Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 [14], Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 [18] (food additives) and Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 (food information to consumers)[17]);
- experimental sets covered by EN 71-4.
NOTE Play cosmetics, that are only for use on the toy (e.g. makeup products only for a doll), are not excluded.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes basic principles and specifies requirements and methods to determine the cardinal values of bacteria and yeast strains and use them to predict microbial growth.
The four main steps of the approach are:
determination of the cardinal values in culture medium;
determination of the correction factor in the target food;
validation of the model;
simulations.
Four environmental factors are considered: temperature, pH, aw and inhibitors (e.g. organic acids).
NOTE 1 Microbial competition is not considered as an inhibitor in this document and can be addressed by proper modelling approaches.
The determination of cardinal values is performed in a two-step approach:
the determination of maximum specific growth rates of the studied strain grown in broth under a defined range of values of the studied environmental factor(s);
the use of recognized predictive microbiology secondary models to fit the obtained experimental data to obtain the cardinal values.
The use of cardinal values in microbial growth simulation is based on predictive microbiology primary and secondary models. The cardinal values are combined with challenge test data to consider the matrix effect. Depending on the goal of the growth simulation, it is important to account for variation of cardinal values between strains within a bacterial or yeast species.
Cardinal values are a good indicator of a strain growth ability for the studied environmental factors. They are therefore used as criteria to select strains, in addition to their origin and virulence, when performing growth challenge tests (see ISO 20976-1) or in methods validation (see ISO 16140 series).
NOTE 2 This document focuses on the determination of cardinal values for one strain. The same methodology can be used to characterize multiple strains independently to cover biological strain variability and include these results in the predictions.
- Standard56 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes and gives guidance on the use of a control banding approach for controlling the risks associated with occupational exposures to nano-objects and their aggregates and agglomerates greater than 100 nm (NOAA), even if knowledge regarding their toxicity and quantitative exposure estimations is limited or lacking. This document applies to inhalation control, for which the control banding tool is specifically designed. NOTE Some guidance for skin and eye protection is given in ISO/TS 12901-1. This document does not apply to materials of biological origin. This document is intended to help businesses and others, including research organizations engaged in the manufacturing, processing, or handling of NOAA, by providing an easy-to-understand, pragmatic approach to controlling occupational exposures.
- Technical specification31 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification33 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes the general principles of field-flow fractionation and specifies parameters, conditions and minimal reporting requirements, as part of an integrated measurement system, required to develop and validate methods for the application of asymmetrical flow and centrifugal field-flow fractionation in the analysis of nano-objects and their aggregates and agglomerates in aqueous media. General guidelines and procedures are provided to aid the user.
- Standard66 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes basic principles and specifies requirements and methods to determine the cardinal values of bacteria and yeast strains and use them to predict microbial growth. The four main steps of the approach are: determination of the cardinal values in culture medium; determination of the correction factor in the target food; validation of the model; simulations. Four environmental factors are considered: temperature, pH, aw and inhibitors (e.g. organic acids). NOTE 1 Microbial competition is not considered as an inhibitor in this document and can be addressed by proper modelling approaches. The determination of cardinal values is performed in a two-step approach: the determination of maximum specific growth rates of the studied strain grown in broth under a defined range of values of the studied environmental factor(s); the use of recognized predictive microbiology secondary models to fit the obtained experimental data to obtain the cardinal values. The use of cardinal values in microbial growth simulation is based on predictive microbiology primary and secondary models. The cardinal values are combined with challenge test data to consider the matrix effect. Depending on the goal of the growth simulation, it is important to account for variation of cardinal values between strains within a bacterial or yeast species. Cardinal values are a good indicator of a strain growth ability for the studied environmental factors. They are therefore used as criteria to select strains, in addition to their origin and virulence, when performing growth challenge tests (see ISO 20976-1) or in methods validation (see ISO 16140 series). NOTE 2 This document focuses on the determination of cardinal values for one strain. The same methodology can be used to characterize multiple strains independently to cover biological strain variability and include these results in the predictions.
- Standard47 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard46 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the general requirements and provides guidance for the development and application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect microorganisms and associated genetic markers (e.g. antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence genes) in the food chain.
This document is applicable to all LAMP methods, platforms, and items from the food chain and laboratories.
This document does not apply to the use of LAMP for quantification.
Validation and verification of LAMP methods as either alternative or reference methods are not covered in this document. Both validation and verification of microbiological methods are described in detail in the ISO 16140 series and ISO 17468.
General requirements for isothermal methods including LAMP for molecular biomarker analysis are given in ISO 22942-1, and general requirements and definitions for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection and quantification of microorganisms in the food chain are given in ISO 22174.
This document has been established for microorganisms in the food chain and is applicable to:
— products intended for human consumption;
— products for feeding animals;
— environmental samples in the area of food and feed production and handling;
— samples from the primary production stage for the above items.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the minimum requirements for bacteriophage preparation processing including assessment on the titre and quality control. The document applies to data processing of bacteriophage isolation, culture, characterization and storage. This document applies to the quality evaluation/assessment of bacteriophage used for therapy.
- Technical specification18 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes the general principles of field-flow fractionation and specifies parameters, conditions and minimal reporting requirements, as part of an integrated measurement system, required to develop and validate methods for the application of asymmetrical flow and centrifugal field-flow fractionation in the analysis of nano-objects and their aggregates and agglomerates in aqueous media. General guidelines and procedures are provided to aid the user.
- Standard57 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard64 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the key characteristics of stem cell data for data interoperability of stem cell data systems, which includes several biological characteristics, safety, stability, efficacy, etc. This document is applicable to stem cell database developers, stem cell data/system users, those who are generating, sending, receiving or sharing stem cell data, as well as information technology specialists focussing on system design or maintenance.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides supplemental information and guidance on how to implement the requirements listed in ISO 35001 [1]. This document does not add requirements to those in ISO 35001 [1].
- Technical specification139 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the general requirements and provides guidance for the development and application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect microorganisms and associated genetic markers (e.g. antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence genes) in the food chain.
This document is applicable to all LAMP methods, platforms, and items from the food chain and laboratories.
This document does not apply to the use of LAMP for quantification.
Validation and verification of LAMP methods as either alternative or reference methods are not covered in this document. Both validation and verification of microbiological methods are described in detail in the ISO 16140 series and ISO 17468.
General requirements for isothermal methods including LAMP for molecular biomarker analysis are given in ISO 22942-1, and general requirements and definitions for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection and quantification of microorganisms in the food chain are given in ISO 22174.
This document has been established for microorganisms in the food chain and is applicable to:
— products intended for human consumption;
— products for feeding animals;
— environmental samples in the area of food and feed production and handling;
— samples from the primary production stage for the above items.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the conceptual framework and mechanisms for mapping information elements from building information modelling (BIM) to geographic information systems (GIS) to access the required information based on specific user requirements.
The conceptual framework for mapping BIM information to GIS is defined with the following three mapping mechanisms:
— BIM to GIS perspective definition (B2G PD);
— BIM to GIS element mapping (B2G EM);
— BIM to GIS level of detail (LOD) mapping (B2G LM).
This document does not describe physical schema integration or mapping between BIM and GIS models because the physical schema integration or mapping between two heterogeneous models is very complex and can cause a variety of ambiguity problems (see Annex D). Developing a unified information model between BIM and GIS is a desirable goal, but it is out of the scope of this document.
This document is applicable to the following concepts:
— definition for BIM to GIS conceptual mapping requirement description;
— definition of BIM to GIS conceptual mapping framework and component;
— definition of mapping for export from one schema into another.
This document does not apply to the following concepts:
— definition of any particular mapping application requirement and mechanism;
— bi-directional mapping method between BIM and GIS;
— definition of physical schema mapping between BIM and GIS;
— definition of coordinate system mapping between BIM and GIS;
— definition of relationship mapping between BIM and GIS;
— implementation of the application schema.
NOTE For cases involving requirements related to geo-referencing for providing the position and orientation of the BIM model based on GIS, other standards exist such as ISO 19111 and the Information Delivery Manual (IDM) from buildingSMART on Geo-referencing BIM.
- Technical specification32 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the enumeration of the characteristic microorganisms Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (in short: L. bulgaricus) and Streptococcus thermophilus (in short: S. thermophilus) by means of the colony-count technique. The method is applicable to yoghurts (for the definition see CXS 243‑2003[7]). The colony-count technique (pour plates) is suitable for, but not limited to, the enumeration of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus in test samples with a minimum of 10 colonies counted on a plate. This corresponds to a level of the characteristic microorganisms L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus that is expected to be higher than 100 cfu/g. The colony-count technique (spread plates) is suitable for, but not limited to, the enumeration of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus in test samples with a minimum of 10 colonies counted on a plate. This corresponds to a level of the characteristic microorganisms L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus that is expected to be higher than 1 000 cfu/g.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard17 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the general requirements and provides guidance for the development and application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect microorganisms and associated genetic markers (e.g. antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence genes) in the food chain. This document is applicable to all LAMP methods, platforms, and items from the food chain and laboratories. This document does not apply to the use of LAMP for quantification. Validation and verification of LAMP methods as either alternative or reference methods are not covered in this document. Both validation and verification of microbiological methods are described in detail in the ISO 16140 series and ISO 17468. General requirements for isothermal methods including LAMP for molecular biomarker analysis are given in ISO 22942-1, and general requirements and definitions for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection and quantification of microorganisms in the food chain are given in ISO 22174. This document has been established for microorganisms in the food chain and is applicable to: — products intended for human consumption; — products for feeding animals; — environmental samples in the area of food and feed production and handling; — samples from the primary production stage for the above items.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard19 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for the detection of nano-objects release, irrespective of its causes, from surgical masks, surgical respirator masks and barrier face coverings [reusable (regardless of washing characteristics) and disposable types] containing nano-objects, irrespective of the type of production technology. In addition, this document also provides the sampling procedures and qualitative characterization methods for released nano-objects. This document can be used to show the possible exposure due to release, which relates to human health and safety.
- Technical specification21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document considers liquid atmospheric precipitation (rain) and defines the procedures and equipment to perform laboratory tests, in steady-state conditions, for the calibration, check and metrological confirmation of non-catching rainfall measurement instruments. This document is not applicable to field performance.
It provides a classification of non-catching measurement instruments based on their laboratory performance. The classification does not relate to the physical principle used for the measurement, nor does it refer to the technical characteristics of the instrument assembly but is solely based on the instrument calibration.
Attribution of a given class to an instrument is not intended as a high/low ranking of its quality but rather as a quantitative standardized method to declare the achievable measurement accuracy to provide guidance on the suitability for a particular purpose, while meeting the user’s requirements.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines terms related to gene transfer for mammalian systems, including the use of viral and non-viral gene delivery systems and via mechanical mechanisms. This document is applicable to the development, measurement, and use of gene delivery systems for all applications.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document considers liquid atmospheric precipitation (rain) and defines the procedures and equipment to perform laboratory tests, in steady-state conditions, for the calibration, check and metrological confirmation of non-catching rainfall measurement instruments. This document is not applicable to field performance.
It provides a classification of non-catching measurement instruments based on their laboratory performance. The classification does not relate to the physical principle used for the measurement, nor does it refer to the technical characteristics of the instrument assembly but is solely based on the instrument calibration.
Attribution of a given class to an instrument is not intended as a high/low ranking of its quality but rather as a quantitative standardized method to declare the achievable measurement accuracy to provide guidance on the suitability for a particular purpose, while meeting the user’s requirements.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 62607-6-27:2025, which is a Technical Specification, establishes a standardized method to determine the key control characteristic
• field-effect mobility
for semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials by the
• field-effect transistor (FET) method.
For two-dimensional semiconducting materials, the field-effect mobility is determined by fabricating a FET test structure and measuring the transconductance in a four-terminal configuration.
- This method can be applied to layers of semiconducting two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, black phosphorus (BP), molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe₂), tungsten disulfide (WS₂), and tungsten diselenide (WSe₂).
- The four-terminal configuration improves accuracy by eliminating parasitic effects from the probe contacts and cables
- Technical specification19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 62876-3-4:2025, which is a Technical Specification, establishes a standardized guideline to assess
• reliability of metallic interfaces
of Ohmic-contacted field-effect transistors (FETs) using 2D nano-materials by quantifying
• linearity of current-voltage (I-V) output curves
for devices with various materials combinations of van der Waals (vdW) interfaces.
For metallic interfaces with 2D materials (eg. graphene, MoS2, MoTe2, WS2, WSe2, etc) and metals (eg. Ti, Cr, Au, Pd, In, Sb, etc), the reliability of Ohmic contact is quantified.
For FETs consisting of 2D materials-based channels (eg. MoS2, MoTe2, WS2, WSe2, etc), the reliability of Ohmic contact when varying contacting metal, channel length, channel thickness, applied voltage, and surface treatment condition is quantified.
The reliability of the metallic contacts is quantified from the linearity of I-V characteristics measured over extended time periods.
- Technical specification24 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides a mapping between the ISO/IEC 11179-34 metamodel for computable data registration and the IEEE 2791 standard for bioinformatics analyses generated by high-throughput sequencing (HTS), to facilitate the production of IEEE 2791 objects from instances of ISO/IEC 11179-34 metamodel and the registration of IEEE 2791 objects as computable data within an MDR conforming to ISO/IEC 11179-34. This document is applicable to those who are submitting data to organizations that require metadata submissions in IEEE 2791 compliant format, as well as those aiming to register IEEE 2791 objects into an MDR that conforms to ISO/IEC 11179-34.
- Standard50 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies evaluation methods for determining the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) used in the FB-facilitated advanced oxidation for pollution abatement in the wastewater treatment process. The probe based kinetic model is applicable to systems that generate ROS in substantial quantities, rather than at physiological concentrations, and is applicable to short-lived ROS. However, it is not applicable to long-lived ROS, such as ozone (O3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The probe based kinetic model method specifies: — cumulative concentration of different types of ROS during the reaction process; — concentration of different types of ROS at each time point during the reaction process. This method does not define the mechanisms of ROS generation, nor the correlation between bubble size and ROS production.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 62607-6-26:2025, which is a Technical Specification, establishes a standardized method to determine the mechanical key control characteristics (KCCs)
• Young's modulus (or elastic modulus),
• residual strain,
• residual stress, and
• fracture stress
of 2D materials and nanoscale films using the
• bulge test.
The bulge test is a reliable method where a pressure differential is applied to a freestanding film, and the resulting deformation is measured to derive the mechanical properties.
• This method is applicable to a wide range of freestanding 2D materials, such as graphene, and nanometre-thick films with thicknesses typically ranging from 1 nm to several hundred nanometres.
• This document ensures the characterization of mechanical properties essential for assessing the structural integrity and performance of materials in applications such as composite additives, flexible electronics, and energy harvesting devices.
- Technical specification26 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for the biobanking of deep-sea biological material including the collection, processing, transportation and storage of deep-sea biological material. This document is applicable only to deep-sea biological material that can be used for biomolecular processing, e.g. nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. This document is applicable to all organizations performing research and development on deep-sea biological material. This document does not apply to the collection of deep-sea biological material intended for environmental impact assessment for sea floor mining. NOTE International, national or regional regulations or requirements or a multiple of these can also apply to specific topics covered in this document.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard3 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
- Amendment3 pagesEnglish and French languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the specific requirements for class II BSC with respect to design, construction, safety and hygiene.
It sets the specific performance criteria for class II BSC for work with biological agents and specifies test procedures with respect to protection of the worker, the environment and product protection including cross-contamination.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard3 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
- Standard3 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
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- Amendment3 pagesEnglish and French languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 60050 gives the general mathematical terminology used in the fields of electricity, electronics and telecommunications, together with basic concepts in linear algebra. It maintains a clear distinction between mathematical concepts and physical concepts, even if some terms are used in both cases. Another part will deal with functions.
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
- Standard175 pagesEnglish and French languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard162 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
- Standard20 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
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This document specifies the minimum requirements for BSC with respect to design, construction, safety and hygiene and gives general test methods for their verification.
The requirements for the different classes are given in the respective parts of EN 12469.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 60050-103:2009 gives the terminology relative to functions of one or more variables. Together with IEC 60050-102, it covers the mathematical terminology used in the fields of electricity, electronics and telecommunications. It maintains a clear distinction between mathematical concepts and physical concepts, even if some terms are used in both cases. Mathematical symbols are generally in accordance with IEC 60027-1 and ISO 80000-2. This standard cancels and replaces Sections 101-13, 101-14 and 101-15 of International Standard IEC 60050-101:1998.
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
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This document gives requirements and recommendations for installation, commissioning and routine testing of BSC.
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