ISO/IEC 29167-14:2015

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 29167-14
First edition
2015-10-15
Information technology — Automatic
identification and data capture
techniques —
Part 14:
Crypto suite AES OFB security services
for air interface communications
Technologies de l’information — Techniques automatiques
d’identification et de capture de données —
Partie 14: Services de sécurité par suite cryptographique AES-OFB
pour communications d’interface radio
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2015
© ISO/IEC 2015, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Conformance . 1
2.1 Claiming conformance . 1
2.2 Interrogator conformance and obligations . 1
2.3 Tag conformance and obligations . 1
3 Normative references . 2
4 Terms and definitions . 2
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
5.1 Symbols . 2
5.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
6 Cipher introduction . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Encryption in AES OFB mode . 3
6.3 Decryption in AES OFB mode . 3
7 Parameter definitions . 4
8 State diagram . 5
9 Initialization and resetting . 5
10 Authentication . 5
10.1 General . 5
10.1.1 Authentication types . 5
10.1.2 CS_Initialization (Authentication type: AuthMethod “111”, Mandatory) . 6
10.2 Tag authentication (Authentication type: AuthMethod = “000”, Mandatory) . 7
10.2.1 Tag authentication . 7
10.2.2 Commands and responses for tag authentication. 8
10.3 Interrogator authentication (Authentication type: AuthMethod = “001”, Optional) . 9
10.3.1 Interrogator authentication . 9
10.3.2 Commands and responses for interrogator authentication .10
10.4 Mutual authentication (Authentication type: AuthMethod = “010”, Mandatory) .12
10.4.1 Mutual authentication .12
10.4.2 Commands and responses for mutual authentication .13
11 Communication .15
12 Key management and key update .15
12.1 Master key selection .15
12.2 Keystream generation .16
12.3 Key update .17
12.3.1 General.17
12.3.2 Command .17
Annex A (normative) Crypto suite state transition tables .20
Annex B (normative) Error Codes .21
Annex C (normative) Cipher description .22
Annex D (informative) AES OFB test vectors .23
Annex E (normative) Protocol specific operation .26
Annex F (informative) Tag authentication via server .32
Bibliography .35
© ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee
SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
ISO/IEC 29167 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology —
Automatic identification and data capture techniques:
— Part 1: Security services for RFID air interfaces
— Part 10: Crypto suite AES-128 security services for air interface communications
— Part 11: Crypto suite PRESENT-80 security services for air interface communications
— Part 12: Crypto suite ECC-DH security services for air interface communications
— Part 13: Crypto suite Grain-128A security services for air interface communications
— Part 14: Crypto suite AES OFB security services for air interface communications
— Part 16: Crypto suite ECDSA-ECDH security services for air interface communications
— Part 17: Crypto suite cryptoGPS security services for air interface communications
— Part 19: Crypto suite RAMON security services for air interface communications
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 15: Crypto suite XOR security services for air interface communications
— Part 20: Air interface for security services — Cryptographic Suite Algebraic Eraser
iv © ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This part of ISO/IEC 29167 describes a cryptographic suite that is applicable to the ISO/IEC 18000
standard. The ISO/IEC 18000 series of standards on RFID for item management do not contain any
strong cryptographic security. The unique item identifier (UII) of tags is transmitted during the
identification/singulation process to every reader that is able to communicate according to the
standard. Sensitive data that are communicated from the interrogator, such as passwords and certain
data written to memory, could be cover-coded with a one-time pad obtained from the tag. The tag sends
this one-time pad over the air in plain text allowing an attacker to easily intercept all communications.
Additionally, passwords are limited in length, providing limited security for the system. This part of
ISO/IEC 29167 will fill this security gap for applications requiring a high level of security. Furthermore,
it is applicable to applications requiring a large amount of data to be communicated between
interrogators and tags.
This part of ISO/IEC 29167 covers the air interface for RFID tags that have a security module on board
and its corresponding interrogators. Any other means of security is not addressed in this part of
ISO/IEC 29167. A security module according to this part of ISO/IEC 29167 is either a means to provide
read or write access limitations, password protection or a crypto engine. The use of a crypto engine is
the typical case and all others are less likely.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) draw attention to the
...