ASTM E1102-91(2015)

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
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Designation: E1102 − 91 (Reapproved 2009) E1102 − 91 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Agricultural Chemical Application
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1102; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 The purpose of this terminology standard is to establish uniformity in terms used in the field of agricultural chemical
application. Terms are adopted from related fields and where applicable from Terminology E609.
1.2 The terms are appropriate to any agricultural chemical application. Units in parenthesis following a definition are meant as
typical and are not exhaustive of all units available for the term.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E609 Terminology Relating to Pesticides
3. Terminology
GENERAL CHEMICAL TERMS AND CHARACTERISTIC MEASUREMENTS
3 3 3
air flow rate—the flow rate of air, expressed in volume per relevant unit (ft /min, m /s, m /tree).
application rate—the amount of any material applied per unit treated:
active chemical rate—the amount of active ingredient (a.i.) applied per unit treated, expressed in terms of mass per relevant unit
3 3
treated. (For area treatment, kg a.i./ha, lb a.i./A, or oz a.i./1000 ft. of row; for space application, mg a.i./m , or oz a.i./1000 ft ;
for individual units, kg a.i./plant or animal).
formulation rate—the amount of chemical formulation applied per unit treated, expressed in terms of mass or volume per relevant
3 3
unit treated. (For area treatment, kg/ha, lb/A, or oz/1000 ft of row; for space application, mg/m , or oz/1000 ft ; for individual
units, kg/plant or animal).
spray rate—the amount of spray liquid emitted by an application unit during treatment, expressed in volume per unit treated. (For
3 3
area treatment, L/ha, or gal/A; for space treatment, mL/m , or oz/1000 ft ; for individual units, L/plant, mL/animal, or gal/tree).
concentration—amount of the active ingredient contained in the chemical formulation expressed as a percent or mass per relevant
unit basis.
cumulative droplet diameter (D andD )—diameter of drop such that 10 % and 90 %, respectively, of the liquid volume is in
v.1 v.9
drops of smaller diameter.
concentration—amount of the active ingredient contained in the chemical formulation expressed as a percent or mass per relevant
unit basis.
deposit rate—the amount of any material deposited per unit area.
active chemical deposit rate—the amount of active ingredient deposited per unit area.
formulation deposit rate—the amount of formulation deposited per unit area.
These terminologies are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2015. Published November 2009November 2015. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20022009
as E1102 – 91(2002).(2009). DOI: 10.1520/E1102-91R09.10.1520/E1102-91R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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E1102 − 91 (2015)
spray deposit rate—the amount of spray liquid deposited per unit area. Mean deposit rate is the average amount of deposit over
the entire spray swath. Effective spray deposit rate is the mean deposit from center to center of adjoining swaths.
diluent—a gas, liquid, or solid used to reduce the concentration of an active ingredient in the formulation or application of a
pesticide (see Terminology E609).
drift—the movement of chemicals outside the intended target by air mass transport or diffusion.
airborne drift—the dispersion of chemical particles to the atmosphere outside the intended target.
particle drift deposits—the deposition of chemical particles outside the intended target.
vapor drift—the dispersion of vaporized chemical to the atmosphere and areas surrounding the target area during and following
application.
formulation—the form in which a chemical is offered to the user.
mean droplet diameter (D¯ )—is represented by the following:
pq
p
D
i
(
¯ ~p2q!
D 5 (1)
pq
q
D
( i
where:
th
D = the diameter of the i particle,
i
o
∑D = the total number of drops in the sample. Thus:
i
D¯ = length mean diameter,
D¯ = area mean diameter,
D¯ = volume mean diameter,
D¯ = volume/length mean diameter (mean evaporative diameter),
D¯ = SAUTER mean diameter, and
D¯ = DeBROUKERE or HERDAN mean diameter.
median droplet diameter (D )—For cumulative distributions, D , where x is V,A,L, or N, are diameters such that the fraction (f)
xf xf
of the total of volume, surface area, length of diameter, or number of drops respectively, is in drops of smaller diameter.
Thus:
D = volume median diameter,
V.5
D = area median diameter,
A.5
D = length median diameter, and
L.5
D = number median diameter.
N.5
Also, D and D = diameter of drop such that 10 % and 90 % respectively, of the liquid volume is in drops of smaller
V.1 V.9
diameter.
percent nozzle pattern overlap—calculated by subtracting the nozzle spacing from the single nozzle pattern width and then
dividing by the nozzle spacing and multiplying the result by one hundred.
spray classification—classification of sprays by droplet size.
aerosols—distribution of droplets with D ≤ 50 μm.
V.5
mists—distribution of droplets with 50 μm < D ≤ 100 μm.
V.5
fine sprays—distribution of droplets with 100 μm < D ≤ 400 μm.
V.5
medium sprays—distribution of droplets with 400 μm < D ≤ 1200 μm.
V.5
coarse sprays—distribution of droplets with D > 1200 μm.
V.5
sprayed width per nozzle—the effective width sprayed by a single nozzle. (For broadcast spraying
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