ASTM D7711-11(2015)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Description of Polymer Pellet Defects
Standard Guide for Description of Polymer Pellet Defects
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to provide terminology for both suppliers and users of polymer pellets to ensure mutual understanding in discussions concerning pellet defects. It is not an absolute standard but is to be referred to when issues with the quality and/or description of the polymeric materials arise.
4.2 The guide is categorized according to the best fit for the term and its description for ease of finding certain description types.
4.3 Some terms within this guide do not apply to all resin types. It is the user’s responsibility to determine if the term and its subsequent definition are applicable to the material in question.
4.4 Other terminology relating to polymers that are not included in this document can be found in additional standards such as Terminology D883.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is a compilation of terms used to describe defects of polymeric pellets. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in Terminology D883 or in other readily available sources are not included.
1.2 Not every term is applicable to every type of pellet. Terms which apply to transparent pellets, for example, do not always apply to translucent or opaque pellets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this guide.
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Designation: D7711 − 11 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Guide for
Description of Polymer Pellet Defects
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7711; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.2 drools—see die pearls
3.2.3 fines, n—very small particles, dust, or unattached
1.1 This guide is a compilation of terms used to describe
tails.
defects of polymeric pellets. Terms that are generally under-
3.2.4 foreign material contamination, n—of pellets, any
stood or defined adequately in Terminology D883 or in other
material in, on, or around the pellets that emanates from an
readily available sources are not included.
external source and has a composition different than that of the
1.2 Not every term is applicable to every type of pellet.
pellet; also known as trash if it can be picked up separately.
Terms which apply to transparent pellets, for example, do not
3.2.5 oxidized pellet, n—pellet with a deep yellow, brown,
always apply to translucent or opaque pellets.
red, or black particle present.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.6 polymer cross-contamination, n—of pellets, unin-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tentional mixture of two or more dissimilar resins or com-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
pounds; generally apparent by comparing key properties such
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
as pellet geometry, color, opacity, or hardness.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.7 speck contamination on/in, n—of a pellet, small
pinpoint particles of discolored matter, internal or external,
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this guide.
which can sometimes rub off; includes, but is not limited to:
2. Referenced Documents
black, brown, yellow, or white specks.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.3 Pellet Size and Shape Defects and Terms:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
NOTE 3—Polymeric pellets are of many shapes. These include cylinders
(formed by a strand pelletizer), spheres (underwater-face cut), and
3. Terminology and Definitions
sliver-like pieces (hot-face cut).
3.1 Pellet Color Defects and Terms:
3.3.1 agglomerates, n—of pellets, thoroughly fused accu-
NOTE 2—Not all color defect terminology is applicable to all pellet mulation of pellets.
types.
3.3.2 angel hair, n—thin, fiber or thread-like strands of
polymer.
3.1.1 discoloration, n—of a pellet, any deviation from the
3.3.3 clumps—see agglomerates
product’s normal color.
3.1.2 opaque center pellet, n—pellet that is translucent or 3.3.4 clusters, n—of pellets, three or more pellets fused
slightly translucent and has a less clear/more opaque center by together; only referred to as triples when there are three distinct
comparison to the remainder of the pellet. pellets.
3.1.3 striped pellet, n—pellet containing a stripe of a 3.3.5 daisy chains, n—of pellets, two or more pellets joined
different color than the remainder of the pellet.
together “chain-like” by strands of polymer; can be separated
to form pellets with tails.
3.2 Pellet Contamination Defects and Terms:
3.3.6 doubles—see marriages
3.2.1 die pearls, n—non-degraded particles that build up
3.3.7 globs—see agglomerates
and break off of the die.
3.3.8 marriages, n—of pellets, two pellets fused together.
3.3.9 pellet non-uniformity, n—pellets that deviate from
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and
normal size-range and shape; for example, undersized or
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.9
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7711 − 11 D7711 − 11 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Guide for
Description of Polymer Pellet Defects
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7711; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Title was editorially corrected in October 2011.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide is a compilation of terms used to describe defects of polymeric pellets. Terms that are generally understood or
defined adequately in Terminology D883 or in other readily available sources are not included.
1.2 Not every term is applicable to every type of pellet. Terms which apply to transparent pellets, for example, do not always
apply to translucent or opaque pellets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this guide.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
3. Terminology and Definitions
3.1 Pellet Color Defects and Terms:
NOTE 2—Not all color defect terminology is applicable to all pellet types.
3.1.1 discoloration,n—of a pellet, any deviation from the product’s normal color.
3.1.2 opaque center pellet,n—pellet that is translucent or slightly translucent and has a less clear/more opaque center by
comparison to the remainder of the pellet.
3.1.3 striped pellet,n—pellet containing a stripe of a different color than the remainder of the pellet.
3.2 Pellet Contamination Defects and Terms:
3.2.1 die pearls,n—non-degraded particles that build up and break off of the die.
3.2.2 drools—see die pearls
3.2.3 fines,n—very small particles, dust, or unattached tails.
3.2.4 foreign material contamination,n—of pellets, any material in, on, or around the pellets that emanates from an external
source and has a composition different than that of the pellet; also known as trash if it can be picked up separately.
3.2.5 oxidized pellet,n—pellet with a deep yellow, brown, red, or black particle present.
3.2.6 polymer cross-contamination,n—of pellets, unintentional mixture of two or more dissimilar resins or compounds;
generally apparent by comparing key properties such as pellet geometry, color, opacity, or hardness.
3.2.7 speck contamination on/in,n—of a pellet, small pinpoint particles of discolored matter, internal or external, which can
sometimes rub off; includes, but is not limited to: black, brown, yellow, or white specks.
3.3 Pellet Size and Shape Defects and Terms:
NOTE 3—Polymeric pellets are of many shapes. These include cylinders (formed by a strand pelletizer), spheres (underwater-face cut), and sliver-like
pieces (hot-face cut).
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.92 on Terminology.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011Sept. 1, 2015. Published October 2011September 2015. DOI:10.1520/D7711-11. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition
ɛ1
approved in 2011 as D7711 - 11 . DOI:10.1520/D7711-11R15.
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volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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