ASTM D449/D449M-03(2021)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Dampproofing and Waterproofing
Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Dampproofing and Waterproofing
ABSTRACT
This specification covers three types of asphalt suitable for use as a mopping coat in dampproofing; or as a plying or mopping cement in the construction of membrane waterproofing systems with felts, fabrics, and asphalt-impregnated glass mat. Three types of asphalts have been designated: Type I is a soft, adhesive, “self-healing” asphalt that flows easily under the mop and is suitable for use below grade under uniformly moderate temperature conditions both during the process of installation and during service, Type II is a somewhat less susceptible asphalt than Type I, with good adhesive and “self-healing” properties, suitable for use above grade where it will not be exposed above a certain temperature, and Type III is an asphalt less susceptible to temperature than Type II, with good adhesive properties, and suitable for use above grade on vertical surfaces exposed to direct sunlight or above a certain temperature. The asphalt shall be prepared from crude petroleum by suitable refining processes to conform to the applicable physical requirements for each type. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following physical properties of asphalt: softening point, flash point, penetration, ductility, and solubility in trichloroethylene.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers three types of asphalt suitable for use as a mopping coat in dampproofing; or as a plying or mopping cement in the construction of membrane waterproofing systems with felts in accordance with Specification D226/D226M; fabrics in accordance with Specification D173/D173M or D1668/D1668M (asphalt types); asphalt-impregnated glass mat in accordance with Specification D2178/D2178M; and with primer in accordance with Specification D41/D41M.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system should be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Dec-2020
- Technical Committee
- D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2020
- Effective Date
- 15-Dec-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2014
- Effective Date
- 15-Dec-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2012
Overview
ASTM D449/D449M-03(2021), Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Dampproofing and Waterproofing, provides essential guidelines for the specification of asphalt utilized as a mopping coat or as plying/mopping cement. This standard, developed by ASTM International, assists manufacturers, contractors, and specifiers in selecting appropriate asphalt material for membrane waterproofing and dampproofing systems. The document defines three types of asphalt, each with distinct physical characteristics tailored to different environmental and construction conditions, ensuring reliable performance in both above- and below-grade applications.
Key Topics
Classification of Asphalt Types
- Type I: Soft, adhesive, and self-healing asphalt recommended for below-grade use under moderate temperature conditions. Suitable for foundations, tunnels, and subways.
- Type II: Offers reduced temperature susceptibility compared to Type I, with good adhesive and "self-healing" properties. Designed for above-grade use where temperature exposure is controlled, such as in railroad bridges, culverts, and tanks.
- Type III: Has the lowest temperature susceptibility among the three, with robust adhesive properties. Ideal for above-grade, vertical surfaces exposed to direct sunlight or high temperatures.
Material and Manufacturing Requirements
- Asphalt must be prepared from crude petroleum by suitable refining processes.
- Each asphalt type must conform to specific physical properties, including softening point, flash point, penetration, ductility, and solubility.
Physical Property Testing
- Standardized test methods are referenced, including:
- Softening point (ASTM D36/D36M)
- Flash point (ASTM D92)
- Penetration (ASTM D5/D5M)
- Ductility (ASTM D113)
- Solubility in trichloroethylene (ASTM D2042)
- Homogeneity and absence of water in asphalt are mandatory.
- Standardized test methods are referenced, including:
Packaging and Marking
- Materials must be securely packaged and clearly marked with manufacturer or seller identification to ensure traceability during handling and shipment.
Applications
ASTM D449/D449M-03(2021) is extensively used in building and civil engineering projects that require effective moisture barrier systems. Practical applications include:
- Membrane Waterproofing: Used with felts, fabrics, and glass mats for constructing multi-layer barriers on roofs, foundations, and tunnels.
- Dampproofing: Essential for preventing moisture infiltration in substructures, such as basements, retaining walls, and below-grade slabs.
- Infrastructure Projects: Applied in bridges, culverts, water tanks, and vertical surfaces subjected to varying temperature conditions.
- Compatibility with Related Materials: Seamlessly integrates with other ASTM-compliant materials such as primers, felts, and bitumen-saturated fabrics, ensuring cohesive system performance.
Related Standards
- ASTM D41/D41M: Specification for Asphalt Primer Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and Waterproofing
- ASTM D226/D226M: Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt
- ASTM D173/D173M: Specification for Bitumen-Saturated Cotton Fabrics
- ASTM D1668/D1668M: Specification for Glass Fabrics for Roofing and Waterproofing
- ASTM D2178/D2178M: Specification for Asphalt Glass Felt
- ASTM D36/D36M, D92, D5/D5M, D113, D2042, D3461: Test methods relating to asphalt’s physical properties
ASTM D449/D449M-03(2021) is aligned with internationally recognized standardization principles, making it a valuable reference for projects seeking performance, reliability, and compliance in dampproofing and waterproofing asphalt applications.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D449/D449M-03(2021) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Dampproofing and Waterproofing". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers three types of asphalt suitable for use as a mopping coat in dampproofing; or as a plying or mopping cement in the construction of membrane waterproofing systems with felts, fabrics, and asphalt-impregnated glass mat. Three types of asphalts have been designated: Type I is a soft, adhesive, “self-healing” asphalt that flows easily under the mop and is suitable for use below grade under uniformly moderate temperature conditions both during the process of installation and during service, Type II is a somewhat less susceptible asphalt than Type I, with good adhesive and “self-healing” properties, suitable for use above grade where it will not be exposed above a certain temperature, and Type III is an asphalt less susceptible to temperature than Type II, with good adhesive properties, and suitable for use above grade on vertical surfaces exposed to direct sunlight or above a certain temperature. The asphalt shall be prepared from crude petroleum by suitable refining processes to conform to the applicable physical requirements for each type. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following physical properties of asphalt: softening point, flash point, penetration, ductility, and solubility in trichloroethylene. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers three types of asphalt suitable for use as a mopping coat in dampproofing; or as a plying or mopping cement in the construction of membrane waterproofing systems with felts in accordance with Specification D226/D226M; fabrics in accordance with Specification D173/D173M or D1668/D1668M (asphalt types); asphalt-impregnated glass mat in accordance with Specification D2178/D2178M; and with primer in accordance with Specification D41/D41M. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system should be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers three types of asphalt suitable for use as a mopping coat in dampproofing; or as a plying or mopping cement in the construction of membrane waterproofing systems with felts, fabrics, and asphalt-impregnated glass mat. Three types of asphalts have been designated: Type I is a soft, adhesive, “self-healing” asphalt that flows easily under the mop and is suitable for use below grade under uniformly moderate temperature conditions both during the process of installation and during service, Type II is a somewhat less susceptible asphalt than Type I, with good adhesive and “self-healing” properties, suitable for use above grade where it will not be exposed above a certain temperature, and Type III is an asphalt less susceptible to temperature than Type II, with good adhesive properties, and suitable for use above grade on vertical surfaces exposed to direct sunlight or above a certain temperature. The asphalt shall be prepared from crude petroleum by suitable refining processes to conform to the applicable physical requirements for each type. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following physical properties of asphalt: softening point, flash point, penetration, ductility, and solubility in trichloroethylene. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers three types of asphalt suitable for use as a mopping coat in dampproofing; or as a plying or mopping cement in the construction of membrane waterproofing systems with felts in accordance with Specification D226/D226M; fabrics in accordance with Specification D173/D173M or D1668/D1668M (asphalt types); asphalt-impregnated glass mat in accordance with Specification D2178/D2178M; and with primer in accordance with Specification D41/D41M. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system should be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D449/D449M-03(2021) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D449/D449M-03(2021) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D140/D140M-16(2023), ASTM D36/D36M-14(2020), ASTM D5/D5M-19a, ASTM D173/D173M-03(2018), ASTM D140/D140M-16, ASTM D140/D140M-15, ASTM D2178/D2178M-15, ASTM D2178/D2178M-14, ASTM D36/D36M-14, ASTM D140/D140M-14, ASTM D2178/D2178M-13a, ASTM D2178/D2178M-13, ASTM D5/D5M-13, ASTM D92-12a, ASTM D3461-97(2012). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D449/D449M-03(2021) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D449/D449M −03 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Asphalt Used in Dampproofing and Waterproofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D449/D449M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen
(Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
1.1 This specification covers three types of asphalt suitable
D41/D41M Specification for Asphalt Primer Used in
for use as a mopping coat in dampproofing; or as a plying or
Roofing, Dampproofing, and Waterproofing
mopping cement in the construction of membrane waterproof-
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
ing systems with felts in accordance with Specification D226/
Open Cup Tester
D226M; fabrics in accordance with Specification D173/
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Asphalt Materials
D173M or D1668/D1668M (asphalt types); asphalt-
impregnated glass mat in accordance with Specification
D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
D2178/D2178M; and with primer in accordance with Specifi-
D173/D173M Specification for Bitumen-Saturated Cotton
cation D41/D41M.
Fabrics Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
D226/D226M Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
D1668/D1668M Specification for Glass Fabrics (Woven and
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system should be used independently of the other. Combining Treated) for Roofing and Waterproofing
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in
with the standard.
Trichloroethylene
D2178/D2178M SpecificationforAsphaltGlassFeltUsedin
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Roofing and Waterproofing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D3461 Test Method for Softening Point ofAsphalt and Pitch
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- (Mettler Cup-and-Ball Method)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Classification
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Asphalts covered by this specification include three
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
types:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 3.1.1 Type I—A soft, adhesive, “self-healing” asphalt that
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
flows easily under the mop and is suitable for use below grade
under uniformly moderate temperature conditions both during
2. Referenced Documents
the process of installation and during service.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 1—Type I asphalt is suitable for foundations, tunnels, subways,
D5/D5M Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Mate-
and so forth.
rials
3.1.2 Type II—A somewhat less susceptible asphalt than
Type I, with good adhesive and “self-healing” properties,
suitable for use above grade where it will not be exposed to
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
temperatures exceeding 50 °C [122 °F].
Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.03
on Surfacing and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up
Roofing. NOTE 2—Type II asphalt is suitable for railroad bridges, culverts,
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published January 2021. Originally
retaining walls, tanks, dams, conduits, spray decks, and so forth.
approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D449/D449M – 03
ɛ1
(2014) . DOI: 10.1520/D0449_D044
...
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