ASTM D6471-99

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 6471 – 99
Standard Specification for
Recycled Prediluted Aqueous Glycol Base Engine Coolant
(50 Volume % Minimum) for Automobile and Light-Duty
Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6471; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1119 Test Method for Ash Content of Engine Coolants
and Antirusts
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for a recycled
D 1120 Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine Coolants
prediluted aqueous ethylene glycol (50 volume % minimum)
D 1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine
base engine coolant and recycled prediluted aqueous propylene
Coolants and Antirusts
glycol (50 volume % min) base engine coolant for use in
D 1122 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of
automobiles and light-duty vehicles. This specification pro-
Engine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants by the
vides a procedure for evaluating engine coolant recycling
Hydrometer
technologies through the recycling of a reference synthetic
D 1126 Test Method for Hardness in Water
used engine coolant. It also specifies the chemical, physical,
D 1176 Test Method for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous
and performance requirements for the recycled prediluted
Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing
aqueous glycol base engine coolant that is produced from that
Purposes
procedure. When used without further dilution, this product
D 1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine
functions effectively during both winter and summer. This
Coolants
material is intended to provide protection against freezing,
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
boiling, and corrosion in automobile or other light-duty service
D 1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-
cooling systems.
rusts
NOTE 1—Committee D-15 has developed this specification using ex- 2
D 1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
perience, knowledge, and research from recycling used aqueous base
D 1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants
engine coolants and has not substantially studied the effects of recycling
in Glassware
glycols from other sources or with excessive contaminant levels. Efforts
D 1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine
are being made to produce a specification for redistilled glycol that
addresses recycling used aqueous glycol base engine coolants and glycols Coolants in Glassware
from other sources.
D 1882 Test Method for Effect of Cooling System Chemical
Solutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive Vehicles
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D 1888 Test Methods for Particulate and Dissolved Matter,
standard. The values given in parentheses are approximate
Solids, or Residue in Water
equivalents and provided for information only.
D 2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Test-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ing of Engine Coolants
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D 2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion Erosion-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps with En-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
gine Coolants
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D 2847 Practice for Testing Engine Coolants in Car and
2. Referenced Documents
Light Truck Service
D 3306 Specification for Ethylene Glycol Base Engine
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
D 512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion in Water
D 3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine
D 516 Test Methods for Sulfate Ion in Water
Coolants
D 4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Chemically-
Suppressed Ion Chromatography
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-15 on
Engine Coolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.15 on
Recycled Engine Coolant.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1999. Published February 2000. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Discontinued. See 1991 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 6471
D 4340 Test Method for Corrosion of Cast Aluminum Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where
Alloys in Engine Coolants Under Heat-Rejecting Condi- such specifications are available. Other grades may be used,
tions provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
D 4656 Specification for Prediluted Aqueous Ethylene Gly- high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
col Base Engine Coolant (50 Volume % Minimum) for the determination.
Automobile and Light-Duty Service 3.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
D 4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
D 5216 Specification for Propylene Glycol Base Engine by Type IV of Specification D 1193.
Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
4. Procedure
D 5827 Test Method for Determination of Chloride in
4.1 In order to properly evaluate a coolant recycling tech-
Engine Coolant by Ion Chromatography
nology, a reference synthetic used coolant (Annex A1) is to be
D 6129 Test Method for Silicon in Engine Coolant Concen-
used as the feed stock. The reference synthetic used coolant
trates by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
shall be prepared in accordance with Annex A1. An appropri-
D 6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and Other
ately sized batch of reference synthetic used coolant is to be
Elements in Engine Coolant by Inductively Coupled
prepared and used to purge the recycling process components
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
and yield enough consistent product to complete the testing
D 6208 Test Method for Galvanostatic Measurement of
specified within this specification.
Pitting Potential of Aluminum and Its Alloys
4.2 Prepare the coolant recycling equipment or technology
D 6257 Specification for Prediluted Aqueous Propylene
according to the manufacturer’s directions and recommenda-
Glycol Base Engine Coolant (50 Volume % Minimum) for
tions.
Automobile and Light-Duty Service
4.3 Vigorously stir or mix the reference synthetic used
D 6472 Specification for Recycled Glycol Base Engine
coolant using appropriate vessels and mixing equipment im-
Coolant Concentrate for Automobile and Light-Duty Ser-
mediately prior to and during the processing through the
vice
coolant recycling process.
2.2 Other Documents:
4.4 Recycle the reference synthetic used coolant according
SAE HS40 Maintenance of Automotive Engine Cooling
to the manufacturer’s directions and recommendations.
Systems
4.5 Evaluate the recycled coolant per the requirements listed
GM 6043M—Automotive Engine Coolant Concentrate—
in this specification.
Ethylene Glycol Type
GM 1825M—Automotive Engine Coolant Concentrate—
5. General Requirements
Ethylene Glycol; §3.11 Storage Stability and Compatibil-
5.1 The recycled prediluted aqueous glycol base engine
ity
coolant shall consist essentially of water and ethylene glycol or
3. Reagents and Materials propylene glycol. It also shall contain suitable corrosion
inhibitors and a foam suppressor.
3.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
5.1.1 Recycled prediluted aqueous ethylene glycol base
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
engine coolant may contain glycols other than ethylene glycol
all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
up to 7.5 % provided the chemical and physical properties of
Table 1 are met.
5.1.2 Recycled prediluted aqueous propylene glycol base
SAE Handbook, available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Com-
engine coolant may contain glycols other than propylene glycol
monwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.
Applicable rewrite available in Annex A2.
Applicable rewrite available in Annex A3.
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and
National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., (USPC), Rockville, MD.
TABLE 1 Physical and Chemical Requirements of the Recycled Prediluted Product
Ethylene Glycol Base Propylene Glycol Base
Property ASTM Test Method
Specific Values Specific Values
Relative density, 15.5°C (60/60°F) 1.0650 min 1.0250 min D 1122
Freezing point, °C (°F) –37 (–34) max or lower –32 (–26) max or lower D 1177
Boiling point, °C (°F) 107.8 (226) min 104 (219) min D 1120
Effect on automotive finish no effect no effect D 1882
Ash content, mass % 2.5 max 2.5 max D 1119
pH, 50 volume % in distilled water 7.5 to 11.0 7.5 to 11.0 D 1287
Chloride, ppm 33 max 33 max D 3634, D 5827
Sulfate, ppm 140 max 140 max D 516, D 4327
A A
Reserve alkalinity, mL report report D 1121
A
Agreed value between the supplier and the customer.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 6471
TABLE 3 Performance Requirements of the Recycled Prediluted
up to 0.5 % provided the chemical and physical properties of
Product
Table 1 are met.
Specific ASTM Test
5.2 The recycled prediluted aqueous glycol base engine
Property
Values Method
coolant shall conform to the chemical and physical properties
A
Corrosion in glassware; Weight loss, mg/specimen D 1384
in Table 1. If the recycled prediluted aqueous glycol base
Copper 10 max
engine coolant contains chloride or sulfate, or both, at levels
Solder 30 max
Brass 10 max
greater than the requirements specified in Table 1, fleet testing
Steel 10 max
requirements described in Section 6 shall be met. If the
Cast iron 10 max
chloride and sulfate requirements in Table 1 are met, fleet
Cast aluminum 30 max
B
Simulated service test; Weight loss, mg/specimen D 2570
testing is not required.
Copper 20 max
NOTE 2—The intention of conducting fleet testing is to verify that the Solder 60 max
Brass 20 max
effects of residual contaminants left in the recycled glycol base engine
Steel 20 max
coolant are neutralized through real world application in a fleet test. Due
Cast iron 20 max
to the fact that there are not enough industry field test data available to
Cast aluminum 60 max
support setting hard specification limits, the fleet test requirements in C
Corrosion of cast aluminum alloys at heat-rejecting D 4340
Section 6 specify a protocol and limits based on comparing the recycled
Surfaces; Weight loss, mg/cm /week 1.0 max
Foaming D 1881
glycol base engine coolant to an industry standard reference engine
Volume, mL 150 max
coolant that is known to adequately protect modern day cooling systems
Break time, z 5 max
from corrosion.
D
Cavitation-erosion rating for pitting, cavitation, or D 2809
5.3 The recycled prediluted aqueous glycol base engine Erosion of the water pump 8 min
E
Aluminum galvanostatic pitting potential, V v SHE –0.40 min D 6208
coolant shall conform to the general requirements in Table 2.
Fleet test see 6.8 and appropriate
5.4 The recycled prediluted aqueous glycol base engine
subsections
coolant shall be in accordance with the performance require- A
The recycled product shall be mixed with the proper quantity of ASTM Type IV
ments in Table 3. reagent water (Specification D 1193) to result in a 33- ⁄3volume % coolant test
solution. To each liter of test solution add 99 mg of sodium sulfate, 110 mg of
5.5 This product, when installed in accordance with the
sodium chloride and 92 mg sodium bicarbonate.
recommendations of the manufacturer of the vehicle, or the B
The recycled product shall be mixed with the proper quantity of ASTM Type IV
reagent water (Specification D 1193) to result in a 44 volume % coolant test
coolant recycling process, and those on the product label, shall
solution. To each liter of test solution add 83 mg of sodium sulfate, 92 mg of sodium
be suitable for use in a properly maintained cooling system (see
chloride and 77 mg of sodium bicarbonate.
C
Appendix X1) in normal light-duty or passenger car service for
The adjusted recycled product shall be mixed with an equal volume of ASTM
Type IV reagent water (Specification D 1193). To each liter of test solution add 165
a minimum of one year without adversely affecting fluid flow
mg of sodium chloride.
and heat transfer.
D
One volume of the recycled product shall be mixed with two volumes of ASTM
Type IV reagent water (Specification D 1193). To each liter of test solution add 123
6. Fleet Testing Requirements mg of sodium sulfate, 137 mg of sodium chloride and 115 mg of sodium
bicarbonate.
6.1 Engine Coolants—Reference engine coolant concen- E
The test solution is to be prepared as follows: 50 volume % of the prediluted
trate (Annex A2) and recycled prediluted engine coolant shall coolant to be tested, 25 volume % of the corrosive water specified in Test Method
D 6208, and the remainder deionized or distilled water.
be used to conduct the fleet testing.
6.2 Vehicles—A minimum of fourteen vehicles is recom-
6.2.1.4 Same cooling system and power train configuration.
mended to start the test: seven containing reference engine
6.2.1.5 Aluminum head(s), aluminum radiator, aluminum
coolant concentrate (control vehicles) and seven containing
heater core and aluminum water pump (housing).
recycled prediluted engine coolant (test vehicles). A minimum
6.2.1.6 Cast iron block (optional).
of five control vehicles and five test vehicles shall finish the
test. Starting with fourteen vehicles allows for vehicles to drop
NOTE 3—Vehicles equipped with cast iron heads may be tested in
out of the test for various reasons, that is, mechanical failure, addition to those specified above. A minimum of five control vehicles and
five test vehicles, equipped with aluminum heads, shall complete the test
coolant contamination, etc.
and be included in the conclusive analysis report.
6.2.1 Vehicle Selection—All vehicle cooling systems should
be inspected prior to selection. Vehicles with corroded cooling
6.2.2 Vehicle Setup—All vehicl
...