ASTM D4095-97(2020)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4095 − 97 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practice for
Use of the Refractometer for Determining Nonvolatile Matter
(Total Solids) in Floor Polishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4095; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
4.1 Solids (nonvolatile matter) determinations of polishes,
1.1 This practice covers the use of a refractometer for
resin solutions, and wax emulsions take 2 to4hin accordance
determining the nonvolatile matter (total solids) in floor
with Test Method D2834, not counting preparation time.
polishes. This practice is also applicable to resin solutions and
wax emulsions used in floor polishes.
4.2 Curves of solids/refractive index provide a means for
determining solids in a matter of minutes.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4.3 This practice is particularly useful for quality control
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- and in process control for the production of polishes and polish
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- components.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 Refractometer—An instrument capable of reading to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
four decimal places.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.2 Water Bath, or other means of controlling the tempera-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ture of the refractometer prisms.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6. Procedure
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Determine the nonvolatile matter in the polish, resin, or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
wax emulsion in accordance with Test Method D2834 using a
D1218 Test Method for Refractive Index and Refractive
minimum of three and preferably four replicates. Record the
Dispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids
arithmetic average.
D2834 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter (Total Solids) in
6.2 Adjust prism temperature of the refractometer to 25°C
Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes, Solvent-Based Floor
through the use of a water bath. Temperatures of 20°C and
Polishes, and Polymer-Emulsion Floor Polishes
30°C are also commonly used for refractive index work. Any
convenient temperature may be used as long as that tempera-
3. Summary of Practice
ture is used consistently.
3.1 Solids (nonvolatile matter) and refractive index are used
6.3 Standardize the refractometer using the procedure in
asthebasisforpreparingcurvesthatallowtheuseofrefractive
Test Method D1218 or according to the refractometer manu-
index as a fast, accurate means for determining solids in floor
facturer’sinstructions.Ineithercase,standardreferenceliquids
polishes, resin solutions, and wax emulsions.
should be used.
6.4 Determinetherefractiveindexoftheprocesswaterused
for preparation of the polish, resin, or wax emulsion according
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 on Polishes
to the procedure in Test Method D1218.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.03 on Chemical and Physical
Testing.
6.5 Determine the refractive index of the same sample of
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published October 2020. Originally
polish, resin solution, or wax emulsion from 6.1 according to
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D4095 – 97 (2014).
the procedure in Test Method D1218. (Take multiple readings
DOI: 10.1520/D4095-97R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or and record the arithmetic average.)
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.6 Plotacurveofrefractiveindexversussolidsonstandard
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. (20 by 20/in.) graph paper.
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D4095 − 97 (2020)
6.6.1 Use zero (0 %) solids and the refractive index of the refractive index changes about 0.0002; as the temperature
process water as the origin. increases the refractive index
...