ASTM D1748-10(2015)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D1748 − 10 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Rust Protection by Metal Preservatives in the Humidity
Cabinet
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1748; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-C-5646F Cloth, Airplane
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the rust-
MIL-C-15074E Corrosive Preventive Compound Finger
preventive properties of metal preservatives under conditions
Print Remover
of high humidity.
2.4 Society of Automotive Engineers:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
SAE 1009C Tee Reducer, Bulkhead on Side, Flareless Tube
standard except where the test apparatus or consumable parts
are only available in other units. In such cases these will be
3. Summary of Test Method
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3.1 Steel panels are prepared to a prescribed surface finish,
information only.
dipped in the test oil, allowed to drain, and then suspended in
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a humidity cabinet at 48.9 °C (120 °F) for a specified number
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of hours. The oil fails or passes the test in accordance with the
responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and
size and number of rust dots on the test surfaces of the panels.
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is used for measuring the relative
2. Referenced Documents
abilities of metal preservatives to prevent the rusting of steel
2.1 ASTM Standards: panels under conditions of high humidity. It should not be
A109/A109M Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon (0.25 relied upon to predict the effectiveness of a metal preservative
inwhichhighhumidityisnottheprincipalfactorintherusting.
Maximum Percent), Cold-Rolled
D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In Water
4.2 Comparisons made by this test method should normally
D516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water
be limited to similar metal preservative combinations designed
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
for similar applications. The test life required for each type of
Sieves
metal preservative and for each intended application should be
E323 Specification for Perforated-Plate Sieves for Testing
based on actual experience with that type of preservative in the
Purposes
intended service.
2.2 Federal Standards:
4.3 Since the precision of the test method appears to be less
QQ-S-698 Steel Sheet and Strip, Low Carbon
than desired, a number of repeat tests may be necessary to
establish the test life of a given metal preservative, and repeat
tests by this test method in more than one cabinet are
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on sometimes desirable.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
4.4 Thedataobtainedfromthisacceleratedtestisofinterest
Subcommittee D02.L0.03 on Corrosion Testing of Sheet Metal Processing Fluids.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approved only in eliminating the most unsuitable materials or for
in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1748 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/
indicating a probable relative order of protection against rust
D1748-10R15.
under conditions of high humidity. This test method does not
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
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D1748 − 10 (2015)
prescribetheexposureperiodstobeusedforaspecificproduct, day,at7 hto8 hintervals.Remainingstandardconditionsshall
nor the interpretation to be given to the results. be closely checked once each week.The pH measurement may
be made with wide-range indicator paper.
5. Apparatus
NOTE4—ValuesforpHoutsidethelimitsshownindicatecontamination
5.1 The apparatus shall conform to the details shown in the
that should be investigated and corrected.Apersistent low pH along with
Annex A1.
a positive sulfate test indicates that the air supply is contaminated with
sulfur oxides. In this case, the water in the cabinet should be replaced, and
6. Panel Cleaning Materials
a suitable alkali scrubber system installed in the air train.
NOTE 5—Details of the cabinet operation described in 7.1 and 7.2 and
6.1 Aluminum Oxide Cloth, 240 grit.
the details of panel preparation described in Section 8, must be carefully
carried out. Only by such standardization can results be obtained that are
NOTE 1—Paper-backed abrasives, wet or dry, waterproof, or iron oxide
significant and comparable to those run at another time or in another
abrasives are prohibited.
laboratory.
6.2 Silica Sand, white, dry, sharp, chloride free, or alumi-
num oxide, blasting grade. (The size shall be such that it meets
8. Panel Preparation
the following sieve requirements of Specifications E11 and
8.1 Remove the protective packaging from all the panels to
E323.
be used for a particular day and wash away the rust preventive
6.2.1 One hundred percent must pass through a No. 10
material in a beaker of solvent selected in 6.3 (swabbing is
(2.00 mm) sieve.
permissible using materials defined in 6.4). Carefully inspect
6.2.2 Minimum of 90 % must pass through a No. 20
eachpanelanduseonlythosewhichcomplywithrequirements
(850 µm) sieve.
given in A1.10. Identify each panel by an appropriate number
6.2.3 Maximum of 10 % permitted to pass through a No. 50
in the right-hand lower corner, outside of the significant area,
(300 µm) sieve.
or by attaching a small metal tag to the outside wire hook after
6.3 Cleaners—Select a cleaning media and method, which
the panel is polished.
is safe, non-film forming and which does not in any way attack
8.2 The following are pertinent to the polishing operations:
or etch the surface chemically. In addition, no Class 1 ozone
8.2.1 Do not allow the bare fingers to touch the panel.
depletingsubstancesconformingtoSection602(a)oftheClean
Tongs, metal hooks, or pieces of lint-free paper are suitable
Air Act Amendments of 1990 (42USC7671a) as identified in
helpers for manipulating and holding the panel.
Section 326 of PL102-484 should be used. Use a procedure as
8.2.2 Always keep the panel on a clean, dry surface.
outlined in Test Method F22 to judge the merit of the selected
cleaning technique. 8.3 Alternative Surface Finishes—Polishing:
NOTE 2—Atypical solvent found acceptable for this purpose is hexane
8.3.1 The amount of polishing of the panel by the operator
or Stoddard solvent.
conducting the humidity cabinet test should only be that
NOTE 3—The original precision was developed using a combination of
required to give it a fresh, clean, and active surface. This
petroleum naphtha and methanol.These are no longer used due to toxicity
requires only a few minutes per panel. A fast-moving belt
issues.
sandershouldnotbeusedsincetheheatoffrictionmaychange
6.4 Gauze, lint free cotton or gauze pads.
the surface characteristics of the panel. Surface finish limits for
7. Humidity Cabinet Operating Conditions the panel are not defined here. There should be no appreciable
change of the finish from the 0.25 µm to 0.51 µm (10 µm to
7.1 During evaluation of a sample the cabinet shall be run
20 µm) obtained by the original surface grinding A1.10.1.3.
continuously with the following standard conditions being
8.3.2 Divide the 240 grit aluminum oxide abrasive cloth
maintained:
into convenient size strips for the subsequent polishing opera-
Air temperature:
tions. Observing the precautions given in 8.2 and 8.3, buff all
Inside the cabinet 48.9 °C ± 1.1 °C (120 °F ± 2.0 °F)
four of the rounded edges with even strokes in the direction of
Outside the cabinet 24.1 °C ± 5.5 °C (75.4 °F ± 10.0 °F)
Rate of air to the cabinet (31.0ft ± 1ft /h) at 25.0 °C and 760 mm
each edge. Ream out the two holes used for suspension and
0.878 m ± 0.028 m /h Hg
wipe clean, using gauze wet with solvent selected in 6.3.
Water in cabinet:
8.3.3 While polishing, place the panel on a clean, dry
Level 203.0 mm ± 6.4 mm (8.0 in. ± ⁄4 in.)
pH 5.5 to 7.5
surface with a suitable thickness of clean paper under it to help
Oil content clear with no evidence of oil
prevent contamination. The panel may be held by hand, using
Chlorides less than 20 ppm (Test Methods
paper between the fingers and the steel surface.Alternatively it
D512)
A
Sulfates and sulfites less than 20 ppm as sulfate (Test
maybeheldinaspecialholdersuchasawoodenblock,having
Method D516)
about a 1.6-mm ( ⁄16-in.) depression slightly larger in area than
Speed of rotating 0.33 r ⁄ min ± 0.03 r ⁄ min
Cover close fitting the 51- by 102-mm (2- by 4-in.) dimension of the panel. The
Cloth layers in cover shall not be torn, contaminated,
abrasive cloth may be held in the palm of the hand with the
nor contain droplets of water
fingers applying pressure to the panel. Alternatively, the
Cover opening to a height of 355 mm (14 in.) at the front
aluminum oxide cloth may be held on a block of size
A
Boil the water sample with 10 mL of saturated bromine water before making the convenient to the hand and convenient for polishing with
test for sulfates.
smooth strokes without marking the ends of the panel.
7.2 Rate of air to the cabinet, air temperature, pH, and water 8.3.4 Polish the unnumbered or leading surface of the panel
level shall be checked and regulated if necessary twice each with careful even strokes, always parallel to the 102 mm
D1748 − 10 (2015)
(4.0 in.) dimension. Use a polishing pressure of about 4.5 N to 8.4.1 Blast the edges and lightly blast the backs of the
8.9 N (1.0 lb to 2.0 lb). Do not scratch the surface by using panels with the blasting material.
short or curved strokes. Ensure that the panel is held firmly so
8.4.2 Blast the unnumbered side, or test surface, of the
that only the abrasive cloth moves. After several polishing panels to a fresh, uniformly abraded surface. (Operation
strokes, inspect the abrasive cloth and when necessary make
177.9 N to 355.8 N of the blasting equipment at 40 lb to 80 lb
another fold to expose a new and effective area. Continue to pressure and holding the workpiece 50.8 mm to 76.2 mm (2 in.
polish the leading surface until it contains a completely fresh
to 3 in.) from the nozzle is recommended.)
surface. The finish should be within the range from 0.25 µm to
8.4.3 Immediately after blasting, place the panels in a
0.51 µm (9.8 µin. to 20.0 µin.) (rms). Examine the entire
beaker of nonreactive solvent or an ultrasonic cleaning bath
surface, and if scratches or other imperfections are noted,
containing nonreactive solvent.
continue polishing until corrected. In the same manner polish
8.4.4 Heat the solvent selected in 6.3 so that the solvent will
the second side of the panel, unless the test specification
evaporate from the panels immediately upon withdrawal from
requires only one polished side per panel.
the solvent.
8.4.5 Remove remaining residue by holding the panels in a
NOTE 6—It is advisable for each operator to finish several panels to
rack at 20° from the vertical and spraying downward with
determine exactly what technique is required to attain the correct surface
finish using a profilometer or other surface roughness gage. After solvent selected in 6.3.
techniques have been established, the use of visual comparison standards
8.4.6 Spray the test surface, then the back of the panel, and
is sufficient as a check on surface roughness.
the test surface again.
8.3.5 Remove the dust from the abrasive operation, using
8.4.7 Rinse the panels in hot solvent selected in 6.3, and
clean gauze wet with solvent selected in 6.3. Finally, wipe with
store in a desiccator until cool.
clean surgical gauze until there is no dark stain on a clean
8.4.8 Panels are to be used the same day as prepared.
section of the gauze. Remove any dust in the holes by use of a
pipe cleaner. (This may be followed by an ultrasonic cleaning
9. Procedure
bath procedure.) Submerge the panel completely in solvent
9.1 Bring the sample oil to a temperature of 23.3 °C 6
selected in 6.3 at room temperature.
0.5 °C (74.0 °F 6 1.0 °F) and pour into a clean, dry 400 mL
NOTE7—Thefollowingshouldbecarriedoutperiodicallyasacheckon
tall-form glass beaker (for example, borosilicate glass) to a
surface cleanliness: Place the cleaned panel directly under a buret on a
height of at least 114 mm (about 375 mL). By use of one clean
table free of vibrations and drafts. Place the buret so that its tip is exactly
suspension hook remove a panel from the methanol and hang
300 mm above the panel.The buret contains distilled water and shall have
it in the vapor space above boiling solvent selected in 6.3 for
atipofproperdimensionstodeliver0.05 mL 60.01 mLofdistilledwater
per drop. Allow one drop of distilled water to fall onto the panel surface. 5 min, ensuring that the panel is completely wet with the
If the surface is absolutely clean, successive droplets on various parts of
refluxing solvent.
the surface will spread out completely in spots of closely reproducible
dimensions. A clean panel should give a spread of 21 mm to 23 mm for NOTE 8—Cleaning the panel with solvent vapors is conveniently done
each 0.05 mL of distilled water. This test is considered necessary and using approximately 100 mL of solvent selected in 6.3 in a 400 mL to
important because of variations found in different abrasive materials and 600 mLtall-form beaker. Perform this operation in a well-ventilated hood
the personal factors involved in the procedure require some method of and make sure there are no sources of ignition in the area. Heat-resistant
check on final results. Panels used for this cleanliness check test are
...