ASTM D4175-09ae4

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Designation: D4175 − 09a
StandardTerminology Relating to
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Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4175; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Terms were transferred editorially in August 2010.
2
ε NOTE—Terms were transferred editorially in September 2011.
3
ε NOTE—Terms were transferred editorially in October 2012.
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ε NOTE—Terms were transferred editorially in October 2013.
1. Scope* abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard protuber-
ances forced against and moving along a solid surface.
1.1 This terminology standard covers the compilation of
[D02.L0] D5182
terminology developed by Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products and Lubricants, except that it does not include
absolute filtration rating, n—the diameter of the largest hard
terms/definitions specific only to the standards in which they
spherical particle that will pass through a filter under
appear.
specified test conditions. This is an indication of the largest
1.1.1 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to
opening in the filter element. [D02.N0] D4174
petroleum,petroleumproducts,lubricants,andcertainproducts
absorbance, n—logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the
from biomass and chemical synthesis. Meanings of the same
reciprocal of the transmittance. [D02.03] D7740
termsoutsideofapplicationstopetroleum,petroleumproducts,
and lubricants can be found in other compilations and in
absorbance, A, n—the molecular property of a substance that
dictionaries of general usage.
determinesitsabilitytotakeupradiantpower,expressedby:
1.1.2 The terms/definitions exist in two places: (1) in the
A 5 log 1/T 52log T
~ !
10 10
standards in which they appear and (2) in this compilation.
where T is the transmittance.
DISCUSSION—Absorbance expresses the excess absorption over that
2. Terminology
ofaspecifiedreferenceorstandard.Itisimpliedthatcompensationhas
2.1 Alphabetical listing of terms with definitions for each
been affected for reflectance losses, solvent absorption losses, and
term showing attributions as to source and subcommittee
refractive effects, if present, and that attenuation by scattering is small
jurisdiction is in bold print following the definition. Those
compared with attenuation by absorption. [D02.04] D2008
showing no attributes are under the jurisdiction of Subcommit-
absorptivity, a, n—the specific property of a substance to
tee CS 95. Some abbreviations, acronyms and symbols are
absorb radiant power per unit sample concentration and path
included in the list.
length, expressed by:
3-MPA, n—3-methylphenylamine [D02.J0] D6812
a 5 Af/bc
AAS, n—atomic absorption spectrometry, an analytical tech-
where:
nique for measuring metal content of solutions, based on a
A = the absorbance,
combination of flame source, hollow cathode lamp,
f = the dilution factor,
photomultiplier, and a readout device. [D02.03] D7876
b = sample cell path length, and
c = the quantity of absorbing substance contained in a
abrasion, n—wear due to hard particles or hard protuberances
volume of solvent.
forced against and moving along a solid surface.
[D02.04] D2008
[D02.B0] D4998
acceptance limit (AL), n—a numerical value that defines the
point between acceptable and unacceptable quality.
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
DISCUSSION—The AL is not necessarily the specification limit. It is
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
thevaluethattakesintoaccountthespecificationvalue,thetestmethod
Subcommittee D02.95 on Terminology.
precision, and the confidence level desired for defining minimum
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally
acceptable quality relative to the specification value.
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4175–09. DOI:
10.1520/D4175-09AE04. [D02.94] D3244
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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D4175 − 09a
DISCUSSION—This test method expresses the quantity of base as
accepted reference value (ARV, n—value that serves as an
milligramsofpotassiumhydroxidepergramofsample,thatisrequired
agreed-upon reference for comparison and that is derived as
to titrate a sample in a mixture of toluene and propan-2-ol to which a
(1) a theoretical or established value, based on scie
...